A digital construction handover method and system based on BIM and VR technology

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of digital construction disclosure method and system based on BIM and VR technology, it is related to building construction intelligent technical field, including extracting key position from digital disclosure plan, respectively creating various construction professional models, colliding detection and coordination optimization are carried out to various construction professional models, and output integrated BIM model of whole profession;Full professional integrated BIM model is decomposed according to process, and each process is associated with construction specification key points, quality acceptance diagram and safety control video, and 4D construction simulation scheme is generated;According to 4D construction simulation scheme, the integrated BIM model of whole profession is processed lightly, and the scene illumination and material corresponding to the construction stage are set, and immersive VR disclosure scene is generated;The application realizes the intelligentialization, standardization and traceability of construction disclosure, effectively improves construction quality and management efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent construction technology, and in particular to a digital construction disclosure method and system based on BIM and VR technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Virtual Reality (VR) technology, digital construction disclosure has become an important means to improve construction quality and management efficiency. Traditional construction disclosure mainly relies on two-dimensional drawings and written instructions, while in recent years, the introduction of BIM technology has made three-dimensional visual disclosure possible. In addition, the application of VR technology further enhances the interactivity, allowing construction personnel to intuitively understand complex construction processes through virtual environments. These technologies have improved the accuracy and operability of disclosure to some extent, providing new tool support for construction management.

[0003] The existing technology still has certain limitations. In terms of systematic organization of disclosure content, existing methods usually rely on manual experience to screen key construction nodes, lack automated decision-making mechanisms based on rule matching and complexity assessment, and may result in unhighlighted disclosure focus or missing key control points. In addition, traditional BIM-VR disclosure often only provides static model display or simple animation simulation, failing to fully integrate construction specification points, quality acceptance standards, and safety control requirements, resulting in a certain disconnection between disclosure content and actual construction management and control needs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a digital disclosure method that can intelligently generate disclosure plans, dynamically associate construction standards, and support immersive interactive experiences to further improve the accuracy and effectiveness of construction disclosure. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above existing problems, the present application is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a digital construction disclosure method and system based on BIM and VR technology, which solves the problems of unhighlighted disclosure focus and insufficient integration of construction standards in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a digital construction disclosure method based on BIM and VR technology, which includes: reading construction drawings and construction organization files and converting them into BIM data structures, performing rule matching and complexity assessment on the BIM data structures, and generating a digital disclosure plan;

[0008] Extracting key parts from the digital disclosure plan, creating various types of construction professional models, performing collision detection and coordination optimization on the various types of construction professional models, and outputting a full-professional integrated BIM model;

[0009] The full-professional integrated BIM model is decomposed according to the process, each process is associated with the construction specification key points, quality acceptance diagram and safety control video, and a 4D construction simulation scheme is generated;

[0010] According to the 4D construction simulation scheme, the full-professional integrated BIM model is subjected to lightweight processing, and the scene lighting and material corresponding to the construction stage are set, thereby generating an immersive VR briefing scene;

[0011] In the immersive VR briefing scene, an immersive briefing training of a three-stage process of explanation-experience-examination is carried out, and a digital briefing record table is generated.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology, the steps of reading the construction drawings and construction organization files and converting them into a BIM data structure are as follows:

[0013] The construction drawings and construction organization files are read, classified and arranged, and subjected to format standardization processing, so as to obtain structured construction drawing data and construction organization process data;

[0014] Component information is parsed from the structured construction drawing data, and process information is parsed from the construction organization process data; the component information and the process information are integrated to generate a BIM data structure.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology, the steps of performing rule matching and complexity evaluation on the BIM data structure to generate a digital briefing plan are as follows:

[0016] The components and construction nodes in the BIM data structure are subjected to rule matching to generate a construction node list;

[0017] According to the connection complexity, cross-professional crossing degree and space constraint condition of the construction nodes in the construction node list, each construction node is subjected to comprehensive evaluation to generate a node complexity score;

[0018] Construction nodes with a node complexity score higher than a complexity threshold value are screened out, and the numbers, professional categories, component names and construction processes of the construction nodes with a node complexity score higher than the complexity threshold value are arranged to form a key node list;

[0019] The key node list is classified and arranged according to the professional categories to generate a digital briefing plan.

[0020] As a preferred scheme of the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology, the steps of outputting the full-professional integrated BIM model are as follows:

[0021] Extract the key parts from the digital briefing plan, and generate a key part dataset;

[0022] Read the process number, process name and process sequence from the construction organization file according to the classification of building, structure and mechanical and electrical professional respectively, and generate the attributes of various construction processes;

[0023] Map the building component information, structure component information and mechanical and electrical component information in the key part dataset to the corresponding three-dimensional objects respectively and add the corresponding construction process attributes to generate a building construction professional model; the building construction professional model includes a building professional model, a structure professional model and a mechanical and electrical professional model;

[0024] Import the building professional model, the structure professional model and the mechanical and electrical professional model into the collision detection engine, detect the spatial position relationship of the components in different professional models, and generate a collision detection result list;

[0025] After generating the collision detection result list, adjust the position of the components with spatial conflicts, optimize the construction sequence with process conflicts, and integrate into a full-professional integrated BIM model.

[0026] As a preferred scheme of the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology, the building component information includes walls, floors, doors and windows, stairs and curtain walls;

[0027] The structure component information includes beams, columns, plates, foundations and supports;

[0028] The mechanical and electrical component information includes pipes, air pipes, cable bridges, equipment and installation positions.

[0029] As a preferred scheme of the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology, the 4D construction simulation scheme is generated, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0030] Decompose the full-professional integrated BIM model according to the construction process nodes to generate a process node dataset;

[0031] Perform semantic analysis on the construction specification text, quality acceptance diagram and safety control video, and extract structured tags;

[0032] Multi-modal semantic matching is performed between the process node dataset and the structured tags to form process-multimedia association information; a process logic relationship diagram is constructed with the process-multimedia association information as the node, and the process logic relationship and time sequence constraints are obtained by coding according to the process sequence dependence and duration rules;

[0033] By using a dynamic 4D simulation engine, the spatial location of process nodes, the logical relationship between processes, and time series constraints are integrated to generate an interactive 4D construction simulation scheme.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology described in this invention, the construction specification text is obtained by text parsing and rule extraction of the construction organization document;

[0035] The quality acceptance diagram is obtained by performing graphic recognition and component annotation extraction on the construction drawings;

[0036] The safety control videos were obtained from the construction company's safety training materials and on-site safety monitoring records.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology described in this invention, the specific steps for generating the immersive VR briefing scene are as follows:

[0038] Extract the process time window and process sequence from the 4D construction simulation scheme, partition the integrated BIM model of all disciplines and remove the subordinate geometric details step by step, and output a multi-level lightweight geometry set;

[0039] Based on the component index of the multi-level lightweight geometry set, the corresponding material information and spatial attributes are extracted from the integrated BIM model of all disciplines, and lighting cache data is generated by combining the process time window and process sequence.

[0040] The spatial form of the VR handover scene is constructed by using a multi-level lightweight geometry set, the material information is then mapped onto the surface of the components, and the dynamic light and shadow of the construction stage are rendered using light cache data to generate an immersive VR handover scene.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the digital construction disclosure method based on BIM and VR technology described in this invention, the specific steps for generating the digital disclosure record form are as follows:

[0042] In the immersive VR briefing scenario, dynamic scenes of construction stages and construction procedures are displayed, and combined with key points of construction specifications, quality acceptance diagrams and safety control videos, users can observe and operate components and construction nodes in sequence, while recording user operation behavior data.

[0043] After the user completes the observation and operation, the accuracy of the user's operation, the compliance with the process logic, and the spatial collision situation are evaluated according to the preset assessment criteria to form an assessment dataset;

[0044] By integrating user operation behavior data and assessment datasets, and generating digital briefing record forms according to the process sequence, the data is processed.

[0045] Secondly, the present invention provides a digital construction briefing system based on BIM and VR technologies, including: a BIM data module, used to read construction drawings and construction organization documents and convert them into BIM data structures, perform rule matching and complexity assessment on the BIM data structures, and generate a digital briefing plan;

[0046] The professional model module is used to extract key parts from the digital handover plan, create various professional building construction models, perform clash detection and coordination optimization on various professional building construction models, and output a fully integrated BIM model.

[0047] The scheme simulation module is used to decompose the integrated BIM model of all disciplines by process and associate each process with the key points of construction specifications, quality acceptance diagrams and safety control videos to generate a 4D construction simulation scheme.

[0048] The VR scene module is used to lightweight the integrated BIM model of all disciplines according to the 4D construction simulation plan, and set the scene lighting and materials corresponding to the construction stage to generate an immersive VR handover scene.

[0049] The briefing and training module is used to conduct immersive briefing training in an immersive VR briefing scenario, which follows a three-stage process of explanation, experience, and assessment, and generates a digital briefing record form.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By automatically screening key construction nodes through rule matching and complexity assessment, a precise digital handover plan is generated. Combined with 4D construction simulation, the process is dynamically linked with construction specifications, quality acceptance, and safety control requirements to achieve visual guidance. At the same time, by utilizing VR lightweight modeling and immersive interactive training, construction personnel can intuitively grasp complex processes and generate digital handover records, realizing the intelligence, standardization, and traceability of construction handover, effectively improving construction quality and management efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a digital construction handover method based on BIM and VR technologies.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a digital construction handover system based on BIM and VR technologies.

[0054] Figure 3A flowchart for generating a digital disclosure plan.

[0055] Figure 4 A flowchart generated for a 4D construction simulation scheme. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0058] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides a digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technologies, including the following steps:

[0060] S1 reads construction drawings and construction organization documents and converts them into BIM data structures. It then performs rule matching and complexity assessment on the BIM data structures to generate a digital handover plan. Please refer to [link / details] for further information. Figure 3 .

[0061] S1.1 Read the construction drawings and construction organization documents, and classify, organize and standardize the formats to obtain structured construction drawing data and construction organization process data.

[0062] Furthermore, the construction drawings are read one by one according to the architectural, structural and mechanical and electrical disciplines. The read construction drawings are then classified according to their source and format, and then uniformly converted into a unified graphic file format based on the classification.

[0063] For construction organization documents, the content of construction procedures is read segment by segment according to the logical order of the procedures. The content of construction procedures is classified according to the chapter structure of the construction organization documents. After classification, the unstructured text information in different procedures is cleaned, format marks and irrelevant descriptions are removed, and then it is uniformly converted into structured text format.

[0064] Through the above operations, the construction drawings are classified, organized, and standardized to generate structured construction drawing data, and the construction organization documents are classified and standardized to generate construction organization process data.

[0065] S1.2, extract component information from structured construction drawing data, and extract process information from construction organization process data.

[0066] It should be noted that the lines, symbols and annotations in the drawings are identified as graphic elements, and the geometric boundaries, dimension marks and spatial positioning information related to the components are extracted. The components are then classified according to their category, and the classification results are organized into attributes to form component information including component type, geometric parameters and spatial location information.

[0067] The construction process data is read sequentially from the construction organization process data, and the construction process content is classified according to the process logic order. The process description statements are semantically segmented using text parsing methods to extract the process number, process name and process logic relationship. Combined with the construction process constraints, the process information is summarized to form process information including construction sequence, node relationship and process constraints.

[0068] It should also be noted that construction process constraints refer to the restrictive relationships between processes described in the construction organization process data in terms of time sequence, spatial location, and resource allocation, which are obtained by text parsing and logical relationship extraction of the construction organization process data.

[0069] S1.3 integrates component information and process information to generate a BIM data structure.

[0070] It should be noted that the correspondence between components and spatial locations is established based on the component type, geometric parameters, and spatial location information in the component information. Then, the construction sequence, node relationships, and construction process constraints in the process information are associated according to the component category and spatial location to form a mapping relationship between components and construction processes. Based on the mapping relationship, the component information and process information are uniformly encoded to generate a BIM data structure containing component attributes and construction process attributes.

[0071] S1.4 performs rule matching on the components and construction nodes in the BIM data structure to generate a list of construction nodes.

[0072] It should be noted that when performing rule matching on components and construction nodes in the BIM data structure, the component type, geometric parameters, and spatial location information in the component information are compared with the construction sequence, node relationship, and construction procedure constraints of the construction nodes. When the component information meets the requirements of the construction nodes, a corresponding relationship is established, and a list of construction nodes containing construction node numbers, component attributes, and construction procedure attributes is generated.

[0073] S1.5, based on the connection complexity, cross-disciplinary overlap and spatial constraints of the construction nodes in the construction node list, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of each construction node and generate a node complexity score.

[0074] It should be noted that the construction node number and corresponding component attributes and construction procedure attributes in the construction node list are read. The component attributes involved in the construction node are read in the construction node list. By analyzing the connection relationship between different components in each construction node, the number of connections and connection methods between components are identified. For example, the more different connection relationships such as beam and column, beam and slab, column and foundation in a construction node, the higher the connection complexity level.

[0075] Read the component professional information contained in the construction node from the construction node list. By counting the number of professional categories of building components, structural components and electromechanical components involved in the construction node, the more professional categories there are, the higher the degree of cross-professional overlap of the construction node.

[0076] Read the spatial location information of the components corresponding to the construction nodes from the construction node list, and combine it with the spatial constraints of the construction area where the construction node is located. For example, when the component is located in a narrow space or a corner area of ​​a high-rise building, the degree of operation is more restricted, thereby determining the level of spatial constraint.

[0077] The connection complexity, degree of cross-disciplinary overlap, and spatial constraints are comprehensively calculated according to a preset evaluation method to obtain the node complexity score for each construction node, expressed as:

[0078] ;

[0079] In the formula, It is the first The node complexity score of each construction node; It is a weighting coefficient for the connection complexity; It is the first The connection complexity of a construction node can be determined by the complexity of the number and connection methods between components, and the value is a non-negative scalar, such as an example score of 0 to 10. It is a weighting coefficient for the degree of cross-disciplinary integration; It is the first The degree of cross-disciplinary overlap of a construction node can be determined by the number of different professional components involved in the construction node, and the value is a non-negative scalar. These are the weighting coefficients for spatial constraints; It is the first The spatial constraints of each construction node can be determined by the degree of spatial restriction of the components, and the value is a non-negative scalar. It is an index variable for construction nodes.

[0080] S1.6 Filter out construction nodes whose node complexity scores are higher than the complexity threshold, and compile the number, professional category, component name and construction procedure of the construction nodes with higher complexity scores into a list of key nodes.

[0081] It should be noted that in the construction node list, the node complexity score of each construction node is compared, and construction nodes with node complexity scores higher than the preset complexity threshold are identified. The construction node number, professional category, component name and corresponding construction procedure information of these construction nodes are extracted from the construction node list. The information is then sorted and categorized according to the construction node number and professional category to form a key node list containing the high-complexity construction node number, professional category, component name and construction procedure.

[0082] It should also be noted that the complexity threshold can be set based on the distribution of node complexity scores of all construction nodes in the construction node list. For example, the average value of the node complexity scores of all construction nodes can be taken as the benchmark, and then weighted and adjusted by combining the maximum and minimum values ​​of the scores to set a complexity threshold that can distinguish high-complexity construction nodes while ensuring a reasonable number of screenings.

[0083] S1.7 Organize the list of key nodes by professional category and generate a digital handover plan.

[0084] It should be noted that in the list of key nodes, high-complexity construction nodes are classified into architectural, structural and mechanical and electrical disciplines according to the professional information to which the construction nodes belong. Each type of construction node is sorted by construction node number, and the construction node number, component name and corresponding construction procedure information are retained. The classified and sorted construction node information is summarized to form a digital handover plan that includes architectural, structural and mechanical and electrical disciplines.

[0085] S2 extracts key parts from the digital handover plan, creates various architectural construction professional models, performs clash detection and coordination optimization on various architectural construction professional models, and outputs a fully integrated BIM model.

[0086] S2.1 Extract key parts from the digital disclosure plan and generate a key part dataset.

[0087] It should be noted that the key node list organized by professional category in the digital disclosure plan is read, and the construction node number, component name, professional category and construction procedure information of each key node are identified in turn. The component location and construction node location of high-complexity construction nodes are taken as the spatial range of key parts. Combined with component type and construction procedure attributes, they are filtered and labeled. All identified key parts are organized and summarized according to professional category and spatial location to form a key part dataset.

[0088] S2.2, read the process number, process name and process sequence from the construction organization documents according to the architectural, structural and mechanical and electrical specialties, and generate various construction process attributes.

[0089] It should be noted that the process content in the construction organization document should be divided according to chapter structure and professional category. Each process content should be matched with the corresponding professional. The process content of the architectural profession should be organized separately, and the process number, process name and process sequence should be extracted and arranged in the process sequence. The same operation should be performed on the process content of the structural profession and the mechanical and electrical profession to ensure that the process number, process name and process sequence of each profession are complete and continuous. The process attributes of the architectural profession, structural profession and mechanical and electrical profession should be summarized separately to generate various construction process attributes containing process number, process name and process sequence.

[0090] S2.3 maps the building component information, structural component information, and electromechanical component information in the key part dataset to corresponding three-dimensional objects and adds corresponding construction process attributes to generate a building construction professional model.

[0091] Information on building components, including walls, floors, doors and windows, stairs and curtain walls, is read from the dataset of key areas, and the geometric parameters and spatial location information of each building component are mapped into three-dimensional geometric objects.

[0092] At the same time, the process number, process name and process sequence in the corresponding construction process attributes are attached to each three-dimensional object of the building component in order to record the construction sequence and construction requirements.

[0093] Structural component information, including beams, columns, slabs, foundations, and supports, is read from the dataset of key areas. The geometric parameters and spatial location information of each structural component are mapped to the corresponding three-dimensional geometric objects, and corresponding construction process attributes are attached to ensure that the structural components are clearly associated with the construction process in three-dimensional space.

[0094] Then, the electromechanical component information, including pipes, air ducts, cable trays, equipment and installation locations, is read from the dataset of key parts. The geometric parameters and spatial location information of each electromechanical component are mapped into a three-dimensional object and construction process attributes are added.

[0095] After completing the 3D mapping of building components, structural components, and electromechanical components and attaching construction process attributes, the 3D objects of building components, structural components, and electromechanical components are summarized and integrated according to professional categories to generate a building construction professional model, including a building professional model, a structural professional model, and an electromechanical professional model.

[0096] S2.4 imports the architectural, structural, and mechanical / electrical engineering models into the collision detection engine, performs spatial positional relationship detection on the components in the different engineering models, and generates a collision detection result list.

[0097] It should be noted that the system sequentially reads the 3D objects of building components from the architectural model, the 3D objects of structural components from the structural model, and the 3D objects of electromechanical components from the electromechanical model, and transmits the geometric shape, spatial position, and size information of each component to the collision detection engine.

[0098] In the collision detection engine, the spatial positional relationship of components that may overlap or intersect in different professional models is analyzed one by one. The system identifies conflicts such as intersection, interference or close proximity between components and records the component number, professional affiliation, component type and spatial conflict type involved.

[0099] After completing the spatial relationship detection of all components, the identified spatial conflict information is organized and summarized according to the construction node number and professional category to form a collision detection result list containing the conflicting component number, the professional category, the component type, and the conflict type.

[0100] S2.5 After the collision detection result list is generated, the positions of components with spatial conflicts are adjusted, the construction sequence with process contradictions is optimized, and integrated into a full-discipline integrated BIM model.

[0101] It should be noted that after the collision detection result list is generated, for components with spatial conflicts in the integrated BIM model of all disciplines, the three-dimensional spatial position of the components is adjusted to eliminate overlap or interference. At the same time, for construction nodes with conflicting procedures, the construction sequence is optimized and adjusted according to the sequential dependency relationship and time series constraints to ensure that the construction sequence is consistent with the logical relationship of the procedures.

[0102] After completing the spatial conflict adjustment and construction sequence optimization, the components of the architectural, structural and mechanical and electrical models are re-integrated to generate a fully integrated BIM model containing all components and construction nodes.

[0103] S3 integrates the entire professional BIM model, decomposes it by process, and associates each process with key points of construction specifications, quality acceptance diagrams, and safety control videos to generate a 4D construction simulation plan. Please refer to [link / reference] for details. Figure 4 .

[0104] S3.1 decomposes the integrated BIM model across all disciplines according to construction process nodes to generate a process node dataset.

[0105] It should be noted that the component number and construction sequence information corresponding to each construction process are obtained from the construction process attributes. Based on the construction node list and the spatial location information of the components in the integrated BIM model, the corresponding components are extracted from the integrated BIM model and classified according to the construction process sequence. Each construction node corresponds to its own set of components and construction attributes, forming a three-dimensional component subset organized by process nodes. The component set, construction attributes, construction process number, construction process name and construction sequence corresponding to each construction node are organized as a complete record. All construction node records are arranged in sequence according to the construction sequence and integrated to output the process node dataset.

[0106] S3.2 performs semantic parsing on construction specification texts, quality acceptance diagrams, and safety control videos to extract structured tags.

[0107] It should be noted that the construction specification text is cleaned and segmented to remove irrelevant content and is divided into clauses. Through dependency parsing and keyword extraction, the core actions, key parameters and logical relationships in the construction requirements, quality standards and constraints are identified. Three types of tags (process type, acceptance type and prohibition type) are generated according to the standardized format and mapped with the component IDs and spatial locations in the BIM model to output construction process tags.

[0108] Image feature recognition is performed on the quality acceptance diagrams, and the component shapes, size requirements and acceptance standards in the diagrams are compared with the semantics in the construction specification text to generate quality acceptance labels related to component categories and acceptance indicators.

[0109] The system performs frame-by-frame analysis and motion recognition on safety control videos, extracts key actions, safety protection measures, and safety taboo tags for violation risks in the construction operation process, and maps them to construction procedure tags and quality acceptance tags to form a structured tag set covering construction requirements, quality standards, and safety control content. It ensures that all tags have a unified naming rule and clear attributes, and outputs structured tags.

[0110] It should also be noted that the construction specification text extracts key information such as construction process, construction requirements, and technical standards by parsing each item of the construction organization document and using word segmentation, syntactic analysis, and key rule matching. During the extraction process, the information is transformed into structured tags according to predetermined rules.

[0111] The quality acceptance diagram is generated by performing graphic recognition processing on construction drawings to identify the outlines, dimensions, and symbols of components in the drawings. The component annotation information is then matched with the identified geometric features to further extract the elements related to the construction quality acceptance requirements. The results of the identification and extraction are then organized into structured labels.

[0112] Safety control videos are collected from safety training materials provided by construction companies and on-site safety monitoring records. By performing frame-level decomposition and event recognition on the video footage, key information such as safety control actions, risk warning scenarios, and cases of violations are extracted, and the extracted results are converted into structured tags.

[0113] S3.3, perform multimodal semantic matching between the process node dataset and the structured labels to form process-multimedia association information.

[0114] It should be noted that, based on the construction process attributes, construction sequence, and component number information in the process node dataset, the component set and construction requirements corresponding to each process node are extracted; using the construction specification requirements, quality acceptance standards, and safety control points in the structured tags, the construction process attributes in the process node dataset are aligned with the semantic content of the structured tags to establish a semantic correspondence.

[0115] By comparing component categories, construction methods, and spatial constraints, the 3D component subsets in the process node dataset are matched one by one with the graphic features and video motion features in the structured labels to ensure a consistent mapping between multimodal information.

[0116] After completing semantic alignment and feature matching, the construction procedures in the process node dataset are uniformly associated with the corresponding construction specification text, quality acceptance diagrams, and safety control videos in the structured labels, forming process-multimedia association information covering the construction process, quality standards, and safety management.

[0117] S3.4. Using process-multimedia association information as nodes, construct a process logic relationship diagram, and encode it according to the process sequence dependency and duration rules to obtain the process logic relationship and time sequence constraints.

[0118] It should be noted that directed connections between process nodes are established based on the process sequence relationships contained in the process-multimedia association information, gradually forming a process logic relationship diagram covering all process nodes.

[0119] After the process logic diagram is generated, the preceding and subsequent processes of each process node are further encoded according to the process sequence dependency rules, so that the process logic diagram can fully reflect the sequential connection relationship between processes.

[0120] Subsequently, by combining the duration information recorded in the process-multimedia association information, a duration attribute is added to the process node, and time constraints are marked on the directed connections, so that the process logic relationship graph has both logical dependency and time series characteristics, and the process logic relationship and time series constraints are output.

[0121] S3.5 utilizes a dynamic 4D simulation engine to integrate the spatial location of process nodes, the logical relationship between processes, and time series constraints to generate an interactive 4D construction simulation scheme.

[0122] It should be noted that the spatial location of the process node is bound to the corresponding component geometric information in the integrated BIM model of all disciplines, so that the process node can be accurately mapped in three-dimensional space and a process node spatial location dataset is generated.

[0123] After completing the spatial location binding, the process logic relationships formed in the process logic relationship diagram are superimposed one by one onto the spatial location of the process node, so that the sequential dependency relationship between process nodes can be reflected in the three-dimensional scene, and the process logic relationship dataset is obtained.

[0124] Subsequently, based on the time series constraints encoded in the process logic diagram, duration information, start time, and end time information are added to the process nodes, enabling the process nodes in the 3D scene to evolve dynamically in time order, thus obtaining the process time series dataset.

[0125] The process node spatial location dataset, process logical relationship dataset, and process time series dataset are run in the dynamic 4D simulation engine to gradually generate a dynamic display process with process nodes as the core, forming a 4D construction simulation that covers spatial location, process logical relationship, and time series constraints. Through interactive methods, the process execution process is adjusted and verified in the 4D construction simulation, thereby obtaining an interactive 4D construction simulation solution.

[0126] S4, based on the 4D construction simulation scheme, performs lightweight processing on the integrated BIM model of all disciplines, and sets the scene lighting and materials corresponding to the construction stage to generate an immersive VR handover scene.

[0127] It should be noted that during the construction process, lightweight processing of the integrated BIM model across all disciplines is typically performed to meet the needs of virtual reality display. Existing lightweight processing methods often employ geometric simplification, model compression, LOD (Level of Detail) generation, and texture optimization to reduce the rendering burden in the virtual reality environment. Meanwhile, scene lighting and material settings during the construction phase primarily rely on the general functions of 3D rendering engines, such as global illumination settings and unified material configurations in rendering platforms like Unity and Unreal Engine, to achieve virtual display of the construction scene.

[0128] This invention, based on a 4D construction simulation scheme, maps the spatial locations of construction process nodes, logical relationships between processes, and temporal constraints to a fully integrated BIM model. On this basis, the fully integrated BIM model undergoes phased lightweighting to ensure that the model size for each construction stage is adapted to the rendering performance of the virtual reality environment. Subsequently, based on the lightweight model, corresponding scene lighting and materials are set according to the division of construction stages, enabling the virtual reality scene of each construction stage to accurately reflect the construction progress, component status, and spatial environment, thereby generating an immersive virtual reality handover scene corresponding to each construction stage.

[0129] Compared with existing technologies, this invention directly combines the lightweight processing of the fully integrated BIM model with the temporal division of construction phases, realizing a phased virtual reality display based on the construction progress. This avoids the problems of information redundancy and scene fragmentation in the overall model rendering. In the virtual reality briefing scenario of the construction phase, by binding lighting and materials to the construction phase, the real state of the construction site at each stage can be dynamically restored, improving the intuitiveness and accuracy of the construction briefing. Through the immersive virtual reality briefing method, construction personnel can intuitively understand the sequence of procedures, construction logic, and safety requirements in the virtual environment, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the construction briefing.

[0130] S4.1 extracts the process time window and process sequence from the 4D construction simulation scheme, performs partitioning processing on the integrated BIM model of all disciplines and removes the subordinate geometric details step by step, and outputs a multi-level lightweight geometry set.

[0131] It should be noted that the time window and construction sequence information of each construction process are obtained from the 4D construction simulation scheme. Based on the construction process time window, the integrated BIM model of all disciplines is divided into zones according to the construction area. Within each zone, the geometric information of the components is processed by removing auxiliary geometric details step by step, including removing non-structural component additional surfaces, redundant decorative elements and negligible minor component features, while retaining the geometric information of the main structure and key components. The output is a multi-level lightweight geometry set divided by construction stage and construction sequence, so that the geometry set of each level can be efficiently loaded and rendered in the virtual reality environment, while maintaining the spatial layout and process logic integrity of each construction stage.

[0132] S4.2, based on the component index of multi-level lightweight geometry sets, extracts the corresponding material information and spatial attributes from the integrated BIM model of all disciplines, and generates lighting cache data by combining process time windows and process sequence.

[0133] It should be noted that, based on the component index of the multi-level lightweight geometry set, the material information and spatial attributes of the corresponding components are extracted from the integrated BIM model of all disciplines according to the component number. These include surface color, texture, transparency, and the three-dimensional coordinates and orientation information of the components. Combined with the construction process time window and construction process sequence, the spatial position and material state of each component at different construction stages are mapped to the virtual lighting environment. The reflection, shadow and lighting interaction effects are calculated through ray tracing or rasterization methods to generate lighting cache data that can reflect the spatial layout and material lighting changes at each construction stage.

[0134] S4.3 utilizes multi-level lightweight geometry sets to construct the spatial form of the VR handover scene, then maps material information onto the component surface, and uses lighting cache data to render dynamic lighting and shadows during the construction phase, generating an immersive VR handover scene.

[0135] It should be noted that by utilizing multi-level lightweight geometry sets, spatial morphology information of corresponding components is extracted from the integrated BIM model across all disciplines according to the construction process nodes. This includes the component's location, orientation, and boundary voxels. The material information of the component's surface is then mapped onto the corresponding geometry, including parameters such as surface color, texture, reflectivity, and transparency. Based on the lighting cache data, the position, intensity, and lighting effects of light sources at different construction stages are mapped onto the surface of each component, achieving dynamic lighting changes during the construction phase.

[0136] Simultaneously, according to the construction process time window and construction process sequence, the position and material status of the components at each construction stage are updated synchronously to form a virtual space environment that can support immersive observation and interaction, and generate an immersive VR briefing scene that can be efficiently rendered, interacted in real time, and dynamically displayed in an immersive VR briefing scene.

[0137] S5 conducts immersive training sessions in an immersive VR training scenario, using a three-stage process of explanation, experience, and assessment, and generates a digital training record form.

[0138] S5.1, in an immersive VR briefing scenario, displays dynamic scenes of construction stages and procedures, and combines key points of construction specifications, quality acceptance diagrams, and safety control videos, allowing users to observe and operate components and construction nodes in sequence, while recording user operation behavior data.

[0139] It should be noted that in the immersive VR briefing scenario, the integrated BIM model of all disciplines is displayed in time according to the construction process time window and construction process sequence. The building components, structural components and electromechanical components corresponding to each construction stage are extracted from the integrated BIM model of all disciplines and arranged in the virtual space according to the three-dimensional spatial position to form a dynamic scene of construction process.

[0140] The key points of the construction specifications extracted from the text are mapped to the corresponding components and construction nodes in the dynamic scene of the construction process, so that users can refer to the requirements of the construction specifications in real time during observation and operation. At the same time, the annotation information of the quality acceptance diagram is superimposed on the surface of the component to facilitate users to identify key quality control points. Furthermore, the safety control video is associated with the relevant construction nodes, so that users can observe the safety operation requirements while operating the component.

[0141] During user operation, the system records user interaction behaviors with components and construction nodes, including information such as view adjustment, component operation, selection, and operation sequence. The recorded data is then labeled and archived according to the construction process nodes to form a user operation behavior dataset.

[0142] S5.2 After the user completes the observation and operation, the accuracy of the user's operation, the compliance with the process logic, and the spatial collision situation are evaluated according to the preset assessment criteria to form an assessment dataset.

[0143] It should be noted that user operation behavior data is compared with the key points of construction specifications extracted from the construction specification text. The operation of components corresponding to each construction process is marked to see if it meets the requirements of the construction specifications. The operation sequence of users is verified to follow the construction process logic in conjunction with the process logic diagram. It is also checked whether there are spatial collisions or component overlaps during the operation process.

[0144] The accuracy of operations at each construction node is determined by comparing the user's operations with the key points of the construction specifications, judging whether the operation is correct, and assigning a corresponding score to obtain the operation accuracy score.

[0145] To assess compliance with process logic, the user's actual operation sequence is compared topologically with the BIM process logic diagram to verify whether it conforms to the established process dependencies (such as the completion rate of preceding processes and the order of critical paths). A quantitative assessment is then conducted based on preset scoring rules (such as deducting 100% for errors in the order of critical processes and deducting points proportionally for delays in non-critical processes) to generate a process logic compliance score.

[0146] For spatial collision situations, the system compares the component positions after user operation with the collision detection result list to determine whether a collision exists and assigns a score, thus obtaining a spatial collision score.

[0147] The scores for operational accuracy, procedural logic compliance, and spatial collision at each construction node are summarized according to preset assessment standards to form a complete user assessment record.

[0148] The user assessment records of all construction nodes are integrated to form an assessment dataset that includes the operational accuracy, compliance with process logic, and spatial collision information for each construction node.

[0149] It should also be noted that the assessment criteria are set based on the requirements of construction specifications, the logic of construction procedures, and the rules for spatial collision safety. Specifically, they include indicators such as whether the operation of each construction node component complies with the key points of the construction specifications, whether the sequence of construction procedures follows the logical relationship of the procedures, and whether component collisions or spatial conflicts occur during the operation. By setting scoring rules or weights for each indicator, a quantifiable assessment standard is formed.

[0150] S5.3 integrates user operation behavior data and assessment datasets, and generates a digital handover record form according to the process sequence.

[0151] It should be noted that the user operation behavior data is sorted according to the construction process sequence, and the operation actions, operation time and interaction events of each construction node are read in sequence. The data is then matched with the operation accuracy score, process logic compliance score and spatial collision score in the assessment dataset to form the operation record entry for each construction node.

[0152] All operation records for all construction nodes are summarized in sequence according to the construction process to generate a complete sequence of construction process operations. Each operation record is marked with the corresponding construction node number, component number, user operation action, operation time and assessment score. The summarized sequence of construction process operations is then integrated into a digital handover record table.

[0153] Please see Figure 2 This embodiment also provides a digital construction handover system based on BIM and VR technologies, including: a BIM data module, used to read construction drawings and construction organization documents and convert them into BIM data structures, perform rule matching and complexity assessment on the BIM data structures, and generate a digital handover plan;

[0154] The professional model module is used to extract key parts from the digital handover plan, create various professional building construction models, perform clash detection and coordination optimization on various professional building construction models, and output a fully integrated BIM model.

[0155] The scheme simulation module is used to decompose the integrated BIM model of all disciplines by process and associate each process with the key points of construction specifications, quality acceptance diagrams and safety control videos to generate a 4D construction simulation scheme.

[0156] The VR scene module is used to lightweight the integrated BIM model of all disciplines according to the 4D construction simulation plan, and set the scene lighting and materials corresponding to the construction stage to generate an immersive VR handover scene.

[0157] The briefing and training module is used to conduct immersive briefing training in an immersive VR briefing scenario, which follows a three-stage process of explanation, experience, and assessment, and generates a digital briefing record form.

[0158] This embodiment also provides a computer device, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology proposed in the above embodiment.

[0159] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0160] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the digital construction disclosure method based on BIM and VR technology as proposed in the above embodiments. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0161] In summary, this invention automatically filters key construction nodes through rule matching and complexity assessment, generates accurate digital handover plans, and dynamically links processes with construction specifications, quality acceptance, and safety control requirements using 4D construction simulation to achieve visualized guidance. Simultaneously, it utilizes VR lightweight modeling and immersive interactive training to enable construction personnel to intuitively grasp complex processes, generate digital handover records, and achieve intelligent, standardized, and traceable construction handover, effectively improving construction quality and management efficiency.

[0162] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technologies, characterized in that: include: Read construction drawings and construction organization documents and convert them into BIM data structures. Perform rule matching and complexity assessment on the BIM data structures to generate digital handover plans. Key parts are extracted from the digital handover plan, and various professional building construction models are created. Collision detection and coordination optimization are performed on the various professional building construction models, and a fully integrated BIM model is output. The BIM model is integrated across all disciplines and broken down by process. Each process is then linked to key points of construction specifications, quality acceptance diagrams, and safety control videos to generate a 4D construction simulation plan. Based on the 4D construction simulation scheme, the integrated BIM model of all disciplines is lightweighted, and scene lighting and materials corresponding to the construction stage are set to generate an immersive VR handover scene. In an immersive VR training scenario, an immersive training process consisting of explanation, experience, and assessment is conducted, generating a digital training record form.

2. The digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for reading construction drawings and construction organization documents and converting them into BIM data structures are as follows: Read construction drawings and construction organization documents, classify and organize them, and standardize their formats to obtain structured construction drawing data and construction organization process data; Component information is extracted from structured construction drawings, and process information is extracted from construction organization process data; the component information and process information are integrated to generate a BIM data structure.

3. The digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps for performing rule matching and complexity assessment on the BIM data structure to generate a digital handover plan are as follows: Perform rule matching on components and construction nodes in the BIM data structure to generate a list of construction nodes; Based on the connection complexity, cross-disciplinary overlap, and spatial constraints of the construction nodes in the construction node list, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted on each construction node to generate a node complexity score. Construction nodes with a complexity score higher than the complexity threshold are selected, and the node numbers, professional categories, component names, and construction procedures of the construction nodes with a complexity score higher than the complexity threshold are compiled into a list of key nodes. The list of key milestones is organized by professional category to generate a digital handover plan.

4. The digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for outputting the integrated BIM model across all disciplines are as follows: Extract key areas from the digital disclosure plan and generate a dataset of key areas. Read the process number, process name and process sequence from the construction organization documents according to the architectural, structural and mechanical and electrical specialties, and generate various construction process attributes; The building component information, structural component information, and electromechanical component information in the key part dataset are mapped to corresponding three-dimensional objects and corresponding construction process attributes are attached to generate a building construction professional model; the building construction professional model includes a building professional model, a structural professional model, and an electromechanical professional model; Import architectural, structural, and mechanical / electrical engineering models into the collision detection engine, perform spatial positional relationship detection on components in different professional models, and generate a collision detection result list. After the collision detection results list is generated, the positions of components with spatial conflicts are adjusted, the construction sequence with process conflicts is optimized, and the results are integrated into a multi-disciplinary integrated BIM model.

5. The digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The building component information includes walls, floors, doors and windows, stairs, and curtain walls; The structural component information includes beams, columns, slabs, foundations, and supports; The electromechanical component information includes pipes, air ducts, cable trays, equipment, and their installation locations.

6. The digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for generating the 4D construction simulation plan are as follows: The integrated BIM model across all disciplines is decomposed into construction process nodes to generate a process node dataset. Semantic parsing is performed on construction specification texts, quality acceptance diagrams, and safety control videos to extract structured tags; Multimodal semantic matching is performed between the process node dataset and structured labels to form process-multimedia association information; Using process-multimedia association information as nodes, a process logic relationship diagram is constructed. The process logic relationship and time sequence constraints are obtained by encoding according to the process sequence dependency and duration rules. By using a dynamic 4D simulation engine, the spatial location of process nodes, the logical relationship between processes, and time series constraints are integrated to generate an interactive 4D construction simulation scheme.

7. The digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The construction specification text was obtained by parsing and extracting rules from the construction organization documents. The quality acceptance diagram is obtained by performing graphic recognition and component annotation extraction on the construction drawings; The safety control videos were obtained from the construction company's safety training materials and on-site safety monitoring records.

8. The digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for generating the immersive VR handover scene are as follows: Extract the process time window and process sequence from the 4D construction simulation scheme, partition the integrated BIM model of all disciplines and remove the subordinate geometric details step by step, and output a multi-level lightweight geometry set; Based on the component index of the multi-level lightweight geometry set, the corresponding material information and spatial attributes are extracted from the integrated BIM model of all disciplines, and lighting cache data is generated by combining the process time window and process sequence. The spatial form of the VR handover scene is constructed by using a multi-level lightweight geometry set, the material information is then mapped onto the surface of the components, and the dynamic light and shadow of the construction stage are rendered using light cache data to generate an immersive VR handover scene.

9. The digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for generating the digital disclosure record form are as follows: In the immersive VR briefing scenario, dynamic scenes of construction stages and construction procedures are displayed, and combined with key points of construction specifications, quality acceptance diagrams and safety control videos, users can observe and operate components and construction nodes in sequence, while recording user operation behavior data. After the user completes the observation and operation, the accuracy of the user's operation, the compliance with the process logic, and the spatial collision situation are evaluated according to the preset assessment criteria to form an assessment dataset; By integrating user operation behavior data and assessment datasets, and generating digital briefing record forms according to the process sequence, the data is processed.

10. A digital construction briefing system based on BIM and VR technology, based on the digital construction briefing method based on BIM and VR technology as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The BIM data module is used to read construction drawings and construction organization documents and convert them into BIM data structures. It performs rule matching and complexity assessment on the BIM data structures and generates digital handover plans. The professional model module is used to extract key parts from the digital handover plan, create various professional building construction models, perform clash detection and coordination optimization on various professional building construction models, and output a fully integrated BIM model. The scheme simulation module is used to decompose the integrated BIM model of all disciplines by process and associate each process with the key points of construction specifications, quality acceptance diagrams and safety control videos to generate a 4D construction simulation scheme. The VR scene module is used to lightweight the integrated BIM model of all disciplines according to the 4D construction simulation plan, and set the scene lighting and materials corresponding to the construction stage to generate an immersive VR handover scene. The briefing and training module is used to conduct immersive briefing training in an immersive VR briefing scenario, which follows a three-stage process of explanation, experience, and assessment, and generates a digital briefing record form.

Images