Discharging control method and charging control method of rechargeable battery and rechargeable battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a discharging control method and a charging control method of a rechargeable battery and the rechargeable battery, an electric system of the rechargeable battery comprises a battery cell and a discharging control circuit and can also comprise a charging control circuit, and a positive electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected with a common grounding end of the charging and / or discharging control circuit. The common grounding end serves as a positive electrode of charging input and / or discharging output of the rechargeable battery, the negative electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected with the output end of the charging control circuit and the input end of the discharging control circuit, and the input end of the charging control circuit and the output end of the discharging control circuit are electrically connected with the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery. The rechargeable battery discharges outwards by controlling the voltage of the negative electrode of the battery cell, and charges the battery cell by controlling the voltage and / or current of the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery, so that the structure of the rechargeable battery is simplified, a larger space is vacated for the battery cell, and the volumetric specific energy of the battery cell is improved.

Description

[0001] Divisional application This application is a divisional application of the patent filed on August 12, 2020, with patent application number 202010806871.8, entitled "Discharge Control Method for Rechargeable Battery, Charging Control Method for Rechargeable Battery and Rechargeable Battery". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of secondary battery technology, and in particular to a discharge control method, a charging control method, and a rechargeable battery. Background Technology

[0003] Cylindrical primary batteries standardized according to GB / T 8897.2 (IEC 60086-2) are widely used in handheld or portable electronic and electrical products. Due to the non-reusability of primary batteries and issues such as high operating costs and environmental pollution from discarded batteries, the consumer market has an increasing demand for rechargeable batteries that can replace GB / T 8897.2 (IEC 60086-2) standardized primary batteries. In the field of rechargeable battery products compatible with GB / T 8897.2 (IEC 60086-2) standardized primary batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries have emerged. However, these rechargeable battery products have technical issues that fail to satisfy consumers in terms of discharge voltage compatibility, memory effect, charging rate, abuse tolerance, and cycle life.

[0004] Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries outperform nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, and nickel-zinc batteries in terms of specific energy, charge / discharge memory effect, charging rate, abuse tolerance, and cycle life. They have gradually replaced other rechargeable batteries in consumer products such as power supplies for electronic appliances, energy storage, and power supplies. However, the discharge voltage of lithium-ion rechargeable batteries is incompatible with the nominal voltage of primary batteries defined in GB / T 8897.2 (IEC 60086-2) standard, and they must be charged and discharged under the control of a charge / discharge management circuit.

[0005] Therefore, most existing lithium-ion rechargeable batteries consist of two parts: a lithium-ion cell and a controller. The controller contains a discharge control circuit, whose main function is to manage the discharge voltage of the lithium-ion cell to ensure that the battery's discharge voltage is compatible with the nominal primary battery voltage defined in GB / T 8897.2 (IEC 60086-2) standard. Some rechargeable batteries also integrate the charging control circuit into the controller, thus giving each battery an independent charging and discharging circuit.

[0006] However, the layout of existing rechargeable battery controllers is limited by the control methods of existing charging and / or discharging circuits. This results in the controllers of existing rechargeable batteries being mostly placed at the positive terminal of the lithium-ion cell. Otherwise, it would lead to a complex rechargeable battery structure, affect the volumetric energy density of the lithium-ion cell, and reduce the battery's capacity and performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a discharge control method for a rechargeable battery, applied to the electrical system of a rechargeable battery. The electrical system includes a lithium-ion battery cell and a discharge control circuit. The discharge control method includes: The positive electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit, and the common ground terminal is used as the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery discharge output. The negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell is electrically connected to the input terminal of the discharge control circuit. The discharge control circuit converts the voltage into a set negative electrode discharge voltage and outputs it to the outside through the output electrode. The output electrode serves as the negative electrode for the discharge output of the rechargeable battery.

[0008] The aforementioned method for controlling the discharge of a rechargeable battery, wherein, When the discharge control circuit detects that the external charging power supply is not connected to the charging battery or detects that the external charging power supply is disconnected from the charging battery, the discharge control circuit controls the charging battery to enter the discharge state. When the rechargeable battery is in a discharging state, if the absolute value of the voltage of the lithium-ion cell is higher than the set discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit allows the lithium-ion cell to discharge to the outside by controlling the discharge voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell. When a rechargeable battery is discharging, if the absolute value of the lithium-ion cell's voltage is equal to or lower than the discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit will shut off the discharge of the lithium-ion cell's negative electrode, thus stopping the lithium-ion cell from discharging externally.

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention also provides a charging control method for a rechargeable battery, applicable to the rechargeable battery itself or an electrical system independent of the rechargeable battery. The electrical system includes a charging control circuit, and the rechargeable battery includes a lithium-ion cell. The charging control method includes: The positive electrode of the charging input of the rechargeable battery is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charging control circuit, and the common ground terminal is used as the positive electrode of the charging input of the rechargeable battery. The negative electrode of the rechargeable battery charging input is electrically connected to the input terminal of the charging control circuit, so that the charging control circuit controls the input voltage and / or current connected to the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery and outputs it to the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell to charge the lithium-ion cell.

[0010] The charging control method for the rechargeable battery, wherein, When the charging control circuit detects that an external charging power source is connected to the charging battery, the charging control circuit controls the charging battery to enter the charging state. When the rechargeable battery is charging, the charging control circuit detects the voltage of the lithium-ion cell and, based on the voltage state of the lithium-ion cell, controls the charging of the lithium-ion cell by controlling the input voltage and / or current of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell. The charging of the lithium-ion cell is turned off after the lithium-ion cell is fully charged or the rechargeable battery is disconnected from the external charging power source.

[0011] The charging control method for the rechargeable battery, wherein, When an external power source is connected to the rechargeable battery, the charging control circuit detects the voltage of the external power source. When the voltage of the external power source meets the charging conditions, the charging control circuit starts charging the lithium-ion battery cell. When the voltage of the external charging power supply does not meet the charging conditions, the charging control circuit stops charging the lithium-ion battery cell.

[0012] To address the above-mentioned problems, the present invention also provides a rechargeable battery, comprising: a lithium-ion cell and a controller installed at one end of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell, the controller comprising: a circuit board, on which a discharge control circuit and a negative electrode end cap are arranged; The common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell; The negative electrode cap is soldered onto the circuit board, and the negative electrode cap is electrically connected to the discharge output terminal of the discharge control circuit by soldering. The discharge control circuit has a discharge input terminal, and the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell is welded to and electrically connected to the discharge input terminal; The positive electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell serves as the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery, and the negative electrode cap serves as the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery.

[0013] Optionally, an inner electrode is also soldered onto the circuit board. The negative electrode end cap and the inner electrode are respectively disposed on the first and second surfaces opposite to each other on the circuit board. The inner electrode is electrically connected to the discharge input terminal of the discharge control circuit by soldering, so that the inner electrode becomes the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell connected to the access electrode of the controller.

[0014] Optionally, the controller is surrounded by a controller housing, the circuit board is located inside the controller housing, and the controller housing is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit by soldering.

[0015] Optionally, the outer wall of the lithium-ion cell has a battery casing made of conductive material, and the battery casing is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell; one end of the battery casing is electrically connected to the controller casing by welding, so that the battery casing is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell, the controller casing, and the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit.

[0016] Optionally, the lithium-ion cell is placed in a battery casing made of conductive material, and the battery casing has a structure with one end open and the other end closed, and a positive electrode cap is provided at the closed end. The battery casing is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell. A cell cap shell is provided at the open end of the battery casing, and the controller casing is fixed to the battery casing by welding with the cell cap shell and establishing an electrical connection.

[0017] Optionally, the lithium-ion cell is placed in a battery casing made of conductive material, and the battery casing has a structure with one end open and the other end closed, and a positive electrode cap is provided at the closed end. The battery casing is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell. The controller is located at the open end of the battery casing, and the controller casing is welded to the battery casing and established with an electrical connection.

[0018] Optionally, the circuit board is further provided with a charging control circuit, the common ground terminal of the charging control circuit is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharging control circuit; the charging input terminal of the charging control circuit is electrically connected to the discharging output terminal of the discharging control circuit, and then electrically connected to the negative electrode cap; the charging output terminal of the charging control circuit is electrically connected to the discharging input terminal of the discharging control circuit, and then electrically connected to the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell.

[0019] The embodiments disclosed herein have the following technical effects: This disclosure provides a charging and discharging control method for a rechargeable battery. This charging and discharging control method differs from existing charging and discharging control circuits that control positive voltage or positive current to charge or discharge. Instead, it connects the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell to the common ground terminal of the charging and / or discharging control circuit of the rechargeable battery, and discharges to the outside by controlling the negative electrode voltage of the lithium-ion cell, or charges the lithium-ion cell by controlling the voltage or current of the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery.

[0020] The rechargeable battery designed according to the charging and discharging control method of the rechargeable battery disclosed herein has a controller arranged at the negative terminal of the lithium-ion cell, and the charging and discharging control circuit in the controller directly draws power from the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell or the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery and controls the negative voltage or current, which simplifies the connection structure between the lithium-ion cell and the controller, frees up more space for the lithium-ion cell, and improves the volumetric energy density of the lithium-ion cell. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of one end of the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of one end of the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rechargeable battery in Example 1; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the rechargeable battery structure in Example 1; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the extended positive electrode welding structure of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell of the rechargeable battery in Example 1. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bending structure of the positive and negative electrodes of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell of the rechargeable battery in Example 1. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell casing and the welding of the positive electrode to the battery casing of the rechargeable battery in Example 1. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the welding structure between the negative electrode of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell of the rechargeable battery in Example 1 and the electrode inside the controller. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery in Example 2. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of one end of the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery in Example 2; Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rechargeable battery in Example 2; Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the rechargeable battery structure in Example 2; Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell of the rechargeable battery in Example 2. Figure 14 This is an exploded view of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell structure of the rechargeable battery in Example 2. Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion battery cell and insulating layer of the rechargeable battery in Example 2. Figure 16 This is an exploded view of the controller and insulating layer of the rechargeable battery in Example 2; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of welding the internal electrode of the rechargeable battery to the negative electrode of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell in Example 2. Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery in Example 3. Figure 19This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of one end of the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery in Example 3. Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the rechargeable battery in Example 3; Figure 21 This is an exploded view of the rechargeable battery structure in Example 3; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram showing the welding of the negative electrode of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell of the rechargeable battery in Example 3 to the internal electrode of the controller. Figure 23a A schematic diagram of the external shape of the rechargeable battery in Example 4; Figure 23b This is an exploded view of the rechargeable battery in Example 4; Figure 23c This is a schematic diagram showing the welding of the negative electrode of the CID lithium-ion cell of the rechargeable battery in Example 4 to the internal electrode of the controller. Figure 24a A circuit block diagram for a rechargeable battery; Figure 24b A block diagram illustrating the charging and discharging principle of a rechargeable battery; Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first surface of the circuit board of the rechargeable battery in Example 1; Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second surface of the circuit board of the rechargeable battery in Example 1; Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in Example 1 where the internal electrodes of the controller of the rechargeable battery are soldered to the circuit board. Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the negative terminal cover of the controller of the rechargeable battery in Example 1 being soldered to the circuit board; Figure 29 This is a cross-sectional view of the controller of the rechargeable battery in Example 1 after assembly. Figure 30 This is an exploded view of the controller assembly for the rechargeable battery in Example 1; Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in Example 2 where the internal electrodes of the controller of the rechargeable battery are soldered to the circuit board. Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the negative terminal cover of the controller of the rechargeable battery in Example 2 being soldered to the circuit board; Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controller housing and circuit board of the controller for the rechargeable battery in Example 2, showing the welding process. Figure 34 This is a cross-sectional view of the rechargeable battery controller after assembly in Example 2; Figure 35This is an exploded view of the rechargeable battery controller assembly in Example 2; Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram showing the soldering of the internal electrodes of the controller of the rechargeable battery in Example 3 to the circuit board. Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the negative terminal cover of the controller of the rechargeable battery in Example 3 with the circuit board. Figure 38 A schematic diagram of the welding of the controller housing assembly of the controller for the rechargeable battery in Example 3; Figure 39 This is a cross-sectional view of the controller of the rechargeable battery in Example 3 after welding; and Figure 40 This is an exploded view of the controller assembly for the rechargeable battery in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Although the invention can be readily embodied in various forms, only some specific embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings and will be described in detail in this specification. It is understood that this specification should be regarded as an exemplary illustration of the principles of this disclosure and is not intended to limit the invention to what is described herein.

[0023] Therefore, a feature pointed out in this specification is used to describe one feature of one embodiment of this disclosure, and does not imply that every embodiment of the invention must have the described feature. Furthermore, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. While certain features may be combined to illustrate possible system designs, these features may also be used in other combinations not explicitly stated. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, the described combinations are not intended to be limiting.

[0024] In the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) used to explain the structure and movement of the various components of the invention are relative rather than absolute. These descriptions are appropriate when these components are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the descriptions of the positions of these components change, these directional indications also change accordingly.

[0025] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that the description of this disclosure will be more complete and fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] This application uses a specific structural embodiment of four rechargeable batteries and a charging and discharging control method for one rechargeable battery as examples to illustrate the integrated structure of a rechargeable battery system and the control method for charging and discharging the rechargeable battery. Implementation 1: An example of a pouch lithium-ion battery (i.e., a pouch lithium-ion cell rechargeable battery). Taking a rechargeable battery 100a composed of pouch lithium-ion cells as an example, the structural features of the battery disclosed herein are explained. This embodiment is applicable to rechargeable batteries of different models composed of pouch lithium-ion cells, such as AA batteries, AAA batteries, and AAA batteries.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 8 The rechargeable battery 100a includes a pouch lithium-ion cell 200a and a controller 400a for controlling charging and discharging.

[0029] Specifically, the rechargeable battery 100a (i.e., a pouch lithium-ion battery) includes a cylindrical battery casing 110a, a lithium-ion cell 200a installed in the battery casing 110a, a positive electrode cap disposed at one end of the battery casing 110a, and a controller 400a disposed at the other end of the battery casing opposite the positive electrode cap. The positive electrode cap is a closed end boss 112a formed on one end of the battery casing 110a.

[0030] The soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a is filled with electrolyte and its surface is sealed with an insulating film. The two opposite ends of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a have a positive electrode 210a and a negative electrode 220b exposed outside the cell package.

[0031] In this embodiment, the positive electrode of the pouch lithium-ion cell 200a is bent and extended towards the negative electrode end to the opening end of the battery casing 110a, and is welded and fixed to the opening end of the battery casing 110a to establish an electrical connection. The purpose of extending the positive electrode of the pouch lithium-ion cell 200a is to facilitate the welding and fixing of the positive electrode of the pouch lithium-ion cell 200a to the battery casing 110a.

[0032] like Figure 6As shown, the positive electrode 210a is attached to the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a and bent towards the negative electrode of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a. The positive electrode 210a extends to the end of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a where the negative electrode 220a is located after bending. The negative electrode 220a of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a is bent towards the negative electrode end face of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a. The positive electrode 210a includes a primary portion and an extension portion that extend directly from the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a. The extension portion is a metal sheet made of the same material as the primary portion by stamping and is welded to the primary portion by ultrasonic welding, resistance welding, or laser welding.

[0033] It is worth mentioning that in other embodiments, the positive electrode of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a may not be extended, but other connection methods may be used to fix the positive electrode of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a to the battery casing 110a or the positive electrode cap and establish an electrical connection. Alternatively, other methods may be used to introduce the positive electrode of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a into the common ground terminal of the charge and discharge control circuit of the controller 400a.

[0034] For the specific structure of controller 400a, please refer to Figures 25 to 30 .

[0035] See Figure 29 and Figure 30 The controller 400a is surrounded by a controller housing 410a. An inner electrode 340a is provided at one axial end of the controller 400a, and a negative electrode end cap 330a is provided at the other end. A circuit board 300a is provided inside the controller 400a. The inner electrode 340a is soldered to the second surface of the circuit board 300a and electrically connected to the circuit board 300a. The negative electrode end cap 330a is soldered to the first surface of the circuit board 300a and electrically connected to the circuit board 300a.

[0036] See Figure 25 and Figure 26 The circuit board 300a has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. Figure 24 shows the first surface of the circuit board 300a. Figure 25 The second surface of circuit board 300a is shown in Figure 24. Figure 25As shown, electronic components constituting the charge / discharge control circuit are soldered onto the first and second surfaces of the circuit board 300a, respectively. On the second surface of the circuit board 300a, there are a first pad 321a (i.e., the controller housing pad), a second pad 322a (i.e., the negative electrode end cap pad), and a third pad 323a (i.e., the inner electrode pad). The first pad 321a is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charge / discharge control circuit and the positive electrode P of the charge input and discharge output of the charge / discharge control circuit. The second pad 322a is electrically connected to the negative electrode N of the charge input and discharge output of the charge / discharge control circuit. The third pad 323a serves as the negative electrode 220b of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a connected to the charge / discharge control circuit.

[0037] like Figure 26 and Figure 27 As shown, the inner electrode 340a is disposed on the second surface of the circuit board 300a and is electrically connected to the circuit board 300a. The inner electrode 340a includes an inner electrode contact platform 342a parallel to the circuit board and an inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341a connected to the inner electrode contact platform 342a. The inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341a is fixed on the circuit board 300a and electrically connected to the circuit board 300a. Specifically, the circuit board 300a is provided with an inner electrode positioning hole 305a penetrating the first and second surfaces. A third pad 323a is provided around the inner electrode positioning hole 305a on the second surface of the circuit board 300a. The inner electrode 340a is positioned by inserting the inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341a into the inner electrode positioning hole 305a, and the inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341a is soldered to the circuit board 300a and an electrical connection is established by the third pad 323a.

[0038] like Figure 25 and Figure 28 As shown, the negative electrode cap 330a is made of conductive metal and is electrically connected to the circuit board 300a and disposed on the first surface of the circuit board 300a. The negative electrode cap 330a includes a circular hollow cap body with one open end and a negative electrode cap soldering positioning foot 331a integrally extended from the cap body. The negative electrode cap soldering positioning foot 331a is fixed to the circuit board 300a and electrically connected to the circuit board 300a. Specifically, the circuit board 300a is provided with a positioning groove 304a penetrating the first surface and the second surface. A second solder pad 322a is provided around the positioning groove 304a on the second surface of the circuit board 300a. The negative electrode cap 330a is positioned by inserting the negative electrode cap soldering positioning foot 331a into the positioning groove 304a, and the negative electrode cap soldering positioning foot 331a is soldered to the circuit board 300a and an electrical connection is established by the second solder pad 322a.

[0039] like Figure 30As shown, the controller housing 410a has an inner cavity. A circuit board 300a is housed within this inner cavity, and the controller housing 410a is electrically connected to the circuit board 300a. The first surface of the circuit board 300a faces the top of the controller housing 410a, and the negative electrode end cap 330a protrudes from the top opening of the controller housing 410a. The second surface of the circuit board 300a faces the bottom of the controller housing 410a, and a through hole is provided at the bottom of the controller housing 410a, through which the inner electrode 340a is exposed for electrical connection with the negative electrode 220a of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a.

[0040] The controller housing 410a includes a cylindrical sidewall 413a and a bottom wall 414a formed at one axial end of the sidewall 413a and perpendicular to the sidewall 413a. The circuit board 300a is mounted in the cavity enclosed by the sidewall 413a. A limiting boss made of conductive metal protrudes from the inner surface of the sidewall 413a. The limiting boss is an annular platform integrally formed on the inner surface of the sidewall 413a. The annular platform has an annular support plane protruding from the inner surface of the sidewall 413a to support the circuit board. The support plane and the sidewall 413a form an annular inner positioning groove 412a with an L-shaped axial cross section. A through hole is provided at the center of the bottom wall 414a. The inner electrode contact platform 342a of the inner electrode 340a is exposed to the outside of the controller housing 410a through the through hole. There is a gap between the edge of the inner electrode contact platform 342a and the edge of the through hole. The other end of the controller housing 410a opposite to the bottom wall 414a is a cylindrical open end.

[0041] like Figure 26 and Figure 30 As shown, a plurality of first pads 321a are provided around the edge of the circuit board 300a. When the circuit board 300a is mounted on the limiting boss, the first surface of the circuit board 300a is flush with the end face of the open end of the controller housing 410a. The second surface of the circuit board 300a contacts and welds the limiting boss 415a through the first pads 321a, thereby establishing an electrical connection with the controller housing 410a.

[0042] like Figure 29 and Figure 30 As shown, the controller 400a also has a controller cover 460a, which surrounds the outer periphery of the negative terminal cover 330a and covers the first surface of the circuit board 300a. The controller cover 460a is made of insulating material to insulate and protect the circuit components exposed outside the negative terminal cover 330a on the first surface of the circuit board 300a.

[0043] The first pad 321a of the circuit board 300a is electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charging and discharging control circuit. The first pad 321a of the circuit board 300a and the controller housing 410a are electrically connected by soldering, so that the controller housing 410a is electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0044] The second pad 322a of the circuit board 300a is electrically connected to the negative electrode N of the charging input and discharging output of the charging and discharging control circuit. The negative electrode end cap 330a is soldered to the second pad 322a of the circuit board 300a and an electrical connection is established, so that the negative electrode end cap 330a serves as the negative electrode N of the charging input and discharging output of the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0045] The third pad 323a of the circuit board 300a is connected to the electrode as the negative electrode 220a of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a in the charge and discharge control circuit. The inner electrode 340a is soldered to the third pad 323a of the circuit board 300a and an electrical connection is established, so that the inner electrode 340a is connected to the electrode as the negative electrode 220a of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a in the charge and discharge control circuit.

[0046] Therefore, the negative electrode cap 330a, the inner electrode 340a, and the controller housing 410a constitute the three structural electrodes of the controller 400a.

[0047] Figure 7 , Figure 8 This is an assembly drawing for a rechargeable battery 100a, in which... Figure 7 This is an assembly drawing of the 200a soft-pack lithium-ion cell and the 110a battery casing. Figure 8 This is an assembly drawing of the controller 400a, the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a, and the battery casing 110a.

[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a is installed into the battery casing 110a with the positive electrode 210a facing the closed end of the battery casing 110a. Then, the positive electrode 210a is welded to the battery casing 110a, so that the battery casing 110a serves as the positive electrode for charging input and discharging output of the rechargeable battery 100a.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, the controller 400a is installed at the open end of the battery casing 110a. The controller casing 410a of the controller 400a is welded to and electrically connected to the battery casing 110a. The inner electrode 340a of the controller 400a is electrically connected to the negative electrode 220a of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell.

[0050] After the rechargeable battery 100a is soldered, the inner electrode 340a serves as the negative electrode of the soft-pack lithium-ion cell 200a and is connected to the input electrode of the controller 400a. The negative electrode end cap 330a serves as the negative electrode for both charging input and discharging output of the rechargeable battery 100a. The battery casing 110a serves as the positive electrode for both charging input and discharging output of the rechargeable battery 100a and as the common ground terminal for the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0051] Implementation 2: Examples of Aluminum-Cased Lithium-ion Batteries Taking the embodiment of a rechargeable battery 100b composed of an aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell as an example, the structural features of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion battery of this disclosure are explained. This embodiment is applicable to rechargeable batteries of different models, such as No. 5, No. 7, No. 3, etc., which are composed of aluminum-cased lithium-ion cells.

[0052] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the rechargeable battery 100b (i.e., the aluminum-cased lithium-ion battery) is composed of an aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b. The internal structure of the rechargeable battery 100b is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the assembly relationship is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0053] Combination Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the rechargeable battery 100b (i.e., aluminum-cased lithium-ion battery) includes a cylindrical battery casing 110b, an aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b installed in the battery casing 110b, a positive electrode cap 120b connected to one end of the battery casing 110b, and a controller 400b (i.e., battery controller) disposed at the other end of the battery casing opposite to the positive electrode cap 120b.

[0054] The battery casing 110b is made of aluminum. One end of the battery casing 110b forms a closed end boss 112b, which is connected to the positive electrode cap 120b. The shape of the positive electrode cap 120b is adapted to the shape of the closed end boss 112b so that the positive electrode cap 120b can be fitted onto the closed end boss 112b. An interference fit extrusion assembly method is used to assemble and fix the positive electrode cap 120b onto the closed end boss 112b of the battery casing 110b, thus assembling and fixing the positive electrode cap 120b to the battery casing 110b and establishing an electrical connection. The positive electrode cap 120b serves as the positive electrode for charging input and discharging output, and the negative electrode cap 330b of the controller 400b serves as the negative electrode for charging input and discharging output.

[0055] Combination Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b includes an aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell core 201b and a cell cap 230b. The aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell core 201b is filled with electrolyte. The aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell core 201b is welded into the battery casing 110b. The battery casing 110b and the cell cap 230b together complete the encapsulation of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell core 201b, thus forming the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b.

[0056] The aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell core 201b has a positive electrode 210b and a negative electrode exposed outside the cell package at its two opposite ends.

[0057] A cell cap 230b is disposed at the opening end of the battery casing 110b and closes the opening of the battery casing 110b. The cell cap 230b includes a circular cell cap housing 231b in the shape of a flat-bottomed cap and lead-out electrodes 232b made of conductive material riveted to the cell cap housing 231b.

[0058] The cell cap housing 231b includes a circular bottom cover 2311b and a cover edge 2312b surrounding the bottom cover 2311b. The lead electrode 232b is riveted to the center of the bottom cover 2311b and passes through the bottom cover 2311b. The battery casing 110b is made of aluminum. The bottom cover 2311b of the cell cap housing 231b is made of insulating material, and the cover edge 2312b is made of conductive material. The cover edge 2312b connects the battery casing 110b and the controller casing 410b of the controller 400b. The lead electrode 232b is exposed on one side of the cell cap housing 231b and is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell core 201b.

[0059] The battery cell cap housing 231b is provided with a flange structure for assembly with the controller 400b, through which the controller 400b is sleeved with the battery cell cap 230b.

[0060] The cell cap 230b is installed at the open end of the battery casing 110b. The cell cap shell 231b is welded to the battery casing 110b and electrically connected. After the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b is welded, the cell cap shell 231b becomes a component of the battery casing 110b. The lead electrode 232b of the cell cap shell 231b becomes the negative electrode 220b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b.

[0061] For the specific structure of controller 400b, please refer to Figures 31 to 35 .

[0062] See Figure 34 and Figure 35The controller 400b is surrounded by a controller housing 410b. An inner electrode 340b is provided at one axial end of the controller 400b, and a negative electrode end cap 330b is provided at the other end. A circuit board 300b is provided inside the controller 400b. The inner electrode 340b is soldered to the second surface of the circuit board 300b and electrically connected to the circuit board 300b. The negative electrode end cap 330b is soldered to the first surface of the circuit board 300b and electrically connected to the circuit board 300b.

[0063] like Figure 31 , Figure 32 As shown, electronic components constituting the charge / discharge control circuit are soldered onto the first and second surfaces of the circuit board 300b, respectively. On the second surface of the circuit board 300b, there are a first pad 321b (i.e., the controller housing pad), a second pad 322b (i.e., the negative electrode end cap pad), and a third pad 323b (i.e., the inner electrode pad). The first pad 321b is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charge / discharge control circuit and the positive electrode P of the charge input and discharge output of the charge / discharge control circuit. The second pad 322b is electrically connected to the negative electrode N of the charge input and discharge output of the charge / discharge control circuit. The third pad 323b serves as the negative electrode 220b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b connected to the charge / discharge control circuit.

[0064] like Figure 31 and Figure 32 As shown, the inner electrode 340b is disposed on the second surface of the circuit board 300b and is electrically connected to the circuit board 300b. The inner electrode 340b includes an inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341b and an inner electrode contact platform 342b, which form a strip-shaped structure. The inner electrode contact platform 342b is integrally formed with the inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341b and can be elastically bent relative to the inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341b.

[0065] The circuit board 300b has an inner electrode positioning hole 305b that passes through the first and second surfaces, and the second surface of the circuit board 300b has a third pad 323b surrounding the inner electrode positioning hole 305b. The inner electrode mounting positioning pin 341b is inserted into the inner electrode positioning hole 305b and is soldered to the circuit board through the third pad 323b to establish an electrical connection.

[0066] like Figure 33 and Figure 34 As shown, the inner electrode 340b is elongated and does not fold during the assembly of the controller 400b. When the controller 400b is sealed and encapsulated, the inner electrode contact platform 342b of the inner electrode 340b is folded to be parallel to the circuit board 300b, and the end of the inner electrode contact platform 342b is suspended relative to the circuit board 300b.

[0067] like Figure 32 and Figure 33 As shown, the negative electrode cap 330b is made of conductive metal and is electrically connected to the circuit board 300b, located on the first surface of the circuit board 300b. The negative electrode cap 330b includes a circular, hollow cap body with one open end and a negative electrode cap mounting positioning foot 331b integrally extended from the cap body. The negative electrode cap mounting positioning foot 331b is fixed to the circuit board 300b and electrically connected to it. Specifically, the circuit board 300b has a positioning groove 304b penetrating the first and second surfaces. A second pad 322b is provided around the positioning groove 304b on the second surface of the circuit board 300b. The negative electrode cap 330b is positioned by inserting the negative electrode cap mounting positioning foot 331b into the positioning groove 304b, and the negative electrode cap mounting positioning foot 331b is soldered to the circuit board 300b via the second pad 322b to establish an electrical connection, thereby soldering the negative electrode cap 330b to the circuit board and establishing an electrical connection.

[0068] like Figure 33 , Figure 34 and Figure 35 As shown, the controller housing 410b includes a cylindrical sidewall 413b and a bottom wall 414b formed at one axial end of the sidewall 413b and perpendicular to the sidewall 413b. The sidewall 413b and the bottom wall 414b form an inner cavity. A through hole is provided in the center of the bottom wall 414b, and the other end of the controller housing 410b opposite to the bottom wall 414b is a cylindrical open end. A limiting boss made of conductive metal is provided protruding from the inner surface of the sidewall 413b. The limiting boss is an annular platform integrally formed on the inner surface of the sidewall 413b. The annular platform has an annular support plane protruding from the inner surface of the sidewall 413b to support the circuit board. The support plane and the sidewall 413b form an annular inner positioning groove 412b with an L-shaped axial cross section.

[0069] The circuit board 300b is housed in the inner cavity of the controller housing 410b, and the outer periphery of the circuit board 300b is positioned by the inner positioning groove 412b and mounted on the limiting protrusion of the controller housing 410b.

[0070] like Figure 31 , Figure 33 and Figure 34 As shown, a plurality of first pads 321b are provided around the edge of the circuit board 300b. When the circuit board 300b is mounted on the limiting boss, the first surface of the circuit board 300b is flush with the end face of the open end of the controller housing 410b. The second surface of the circuit board 300b contacts and solders the limiting boss 415b through the first pads 321b, thereby establishing an electrical connection with the controller housing 410b.

[0071] The first surface of the circuit board 300b faces the open end of the controller housing 410b, and the negative electrode end cap 330b protrudes from the top opening of the controller housing 410b. The second surface of the circuit board 300b faces the bottom of the controller housing 410b, and the inner electrode contact platform 342b of the inner electrode 340b is exposed through a through hole in the center of the bottom wall 414b to electrically connect with the negative electrode 220b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b. There is a gap between the edge of the inner electrode contact platform 342b and the edge of the through hole to ensure that the inner electrode 340b is insulated from the controller housing 410b.

[0072] like Figure 34 and Figure 35 As shown, the controller 400b also has a controller cover 460b, which surrounds the outer periphery of the negative terminal cover 330b and covers the first surface of the circuit board 300b. The controller cover 460b is made of insulating material to insulate and protect the circuit components exposed outside the negative terminal cover 330b on the first surface of the circuit board 300b.

[0073] The first pad 321b of the circuit board 300b is electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charge and discharge control circuit. The first pad 321b of the circuit board 300b and the controller housing 410b are electrically connected by soldering, so that the controller housing 410b is electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charge and discharge control circuit.

[0074] The second pad 322b of the circuit board 300b is electrically connected to the negative electrode N of the charging input and discharging output of the charging and discharging control circuit. The negative electrode end cap 330b is soldered to the second pad 322b of the circuit board 300b and an electrical connection is established, so that the negative electrode end cap 330b serves as the negative electrode N of the charging input and discharging output of the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0075] The third pad 323b of the circuit board 300b is connected to the electrode as the negative electrode 220b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b of the charge and discharge control circuit. The inner electrode 340b is soldered to the third pad 323b of the circuit board 300b and an electrical connection is established, so that the inner electrode 340b is connected to the electrode as the negative electrode 220b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b of the charge and discharge control circuit.

[0076] Therefore, the negative electrode cap 330b, the inner electrode 340b, and the controller housing 410b constitute the three structural electrodes of the controller 400b.

[0077] Figure 17 This is an assembly diagram of the controller 400b and the aluminum-cased lithium-ion battery cell 200b.

[0078] like Figure 17As shown, during assembly, the inner electrode 340b of the controller 400b is first soldered to the negative electrode 220b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b, establishing an electrical connection between the inner electrode 340b and the negative electrode 220b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b. Then, the open end of the cell cap shell 231b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b is coaxially aligned with the controller housing 410b, and the two are soldered to establish an electrical connection, so that the controller housing 410b is electrically connected to the battery housing 110b through the cell cap shell 231b.

[0079] like Figure 15 , Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, an insulating layer 470b is provided on the surface of the cell cap housing 231b of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b to establish electrical insulation between the cell cap housing 231b and the inner electrode 340b of the controller 400b. An insulating layer 470b is also provided on the side of the controller 400b facing the cell cap 230b to establish electrical insulation between the controller housing 410b and the inner electrode 340b of the controller 400b.

[0080] After the rechargeable battery 100b is welded, the inner electrode 340b serves as the negative electrode of the aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell 200b and is connected to the access electrode of the controller 400b. The negative electrode end cap 330b serves as the negative electrode for the charging input and discharging output of the rechargeable battery 100b. The battery casing 110b serves as the positive electrode for the charging input and discharging output of the rechargeable battery 100b and as the common ground terminal for the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0081] Implementation 3: Examples of Direct-Sealed Lithium-ion Batteries like Figure 18 , Figure 19 As shown, the rechargeable battery 100c uses a directly sealed lithium-ion cell 200c. The internal structure of the rechargeable battery 100c is as follows. Figure 20 As shown, the structural assembly relationship of the rechargeable battery 100c is as follows: Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown.

[0082] like Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 22 As shown, the rechargeable battery 100c (i.e., a direct-sealed lithium-ion battery) includes a cylindrical battery casing 110c, a direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c installed in the battery casing 110c, a positive electrode cap 120c disposed at one end of the battery casing 110c, and a controller 400c installed at the negative electrode of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c.

[0083] The direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c is filled with electrolyte, and the electrolyte inside is directly sealed by the battery casing 110c and the controller 400c.

[0084] The battery casing 110c can be made of aluminum. One end of the battery casing 110c forms a closed end boss 112c, which is connected to the positive electrode cap 120c. The shape of the positive electrode cap 120c is adapted to the shape of the closed end boss 112c so that the positive electrode cap 120c can be fitted onto the closed end boss 112c. The positive electrode cap 120c can be assembled and fixed onto the closed end boss 112c of the battery casing 110c by an interference fit extrusion assembly method, thus establishing an electrical connection.

[0085] like Figure 21 , Figure 22 As shown in Figure 23, the directly sealed lithium-ion cell 200c has a positive electrode 210c and a negative electrode 220c at opposite ends. The controller 400c is disposed at the opening end of the battery casing 110c and is welded to the negative electrode of the directly sealed lithium-ion cell 200c to establish an electrical connection, so that the controller 400c directly seals the opening of the battery casing 110c.

[0086] For a detailed structural diagram of the controller 400c, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 36 to 40 .

[0087] As shown in the figure Figure 39 and Figure 40 As shown, the controller 400c is surrounded by a controller housing assembly 410c. An inner electrode 340c is provided at one axial end of the controller 400c, and a negative electrode end cap 330c is provided at the other end. A circuit board 300c is provided inside the controller 400c. The inner electrode 340c is soldered to the second surface of the circuit board 300c and is electrically connected to the circuit board 300c. The negative electrode end cap 330c is soldered to the first surface of the circuit board 300c and is electrically connected to the circuit board 300c.

[0088] like Figure 36 and Figure 37 As shown, similar to the circuit board structure in the two embodiments above, the second surface of the circuit board 300c in this embodiment is provided with a first pad 321c (i.e., the controller housing pad), a second pad 322c (i.e., the negative electrode end cap pad), and a third pad 323c (i.e., the inner electrode pad). The first pad 321c is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charge / discharge control circuit and the positive electrode P of the charge input and discharge output of the charge / discharge control circuit. The second pad 322c is electrically connected to the negative electrode N of the charge input and discharge output of the charge / discharge control circuit. The third pad 323c serves as the negative electrode 220b of the directly sealed lithium-ion cell 200c of the charge / discharge control circuit.

[0089] like Figure 36As shown, the inner electrode 340c is disposed on the second surface of the circuit board 300c. The inner electrode 340c includes an inner electrode contact platform 342c parallel to the circuit board and an inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341c connected to the inner electrode contact platform 342c. The circuit board 300c is provided with an inner electrode positioning hole 305c penetrating the first and second surfaces. A third pad 323c is provided around the inner electrode positioning hole 305c on the second surface of the circuit board 300c. The inner electrode 340c is positioned by inserting the inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341c into the inner electrode positioning hole 305c, and the inner electrode mounting positioning foot 341c is soldered to the circuit board 300c and an electrical connection is established by the third pad 323c.

[0090] like Figure 37 As shown, the negative electrode cap 330c is made of conductive metal and is electrically connected to the circuit board 300c, located on the first surface of the circuit board 300c. The negative electrode cap 330c has a negative electrode cap mounting positioning foot 331c. The circuit board 300c has a positioning groove 304c and a second pad 322c surrounding the positioning groove 304c. The negative electrode cap 330c is positioned by inserting the negative electrode cap mounting positioning foot 331c into the positioning groove 304c, and the second pad 322c solders the negative electrode cap mounting positioning foot 331c to the circuit board 300c, establishing an electrical connection.

[0091] like Figure 36 , Figure 38 and Figure 39 As shown, the controller housing assembly 430c includes a controller housing 410c and a circuit board bracket 420c. The circuit board bracket 420c is soldered inside the controller housing 410c and forms a limiting boss inside the controller housing 410c for mounting the circuit board 300c. A first pad 321c is provided on the periphery of the second surface of the circuit board 300c. The circuit board is fixed to the circuit board bracket 420c through the first pad 321c, and is soldered and fixed to the controller housing 410c through the circuit board bracket 420c to establish an electrical connection. A through hole is provided at the bottom of the controller housing 410c, through which the inner electrode contact platform 342c of the inner electrode 340c is exposed for electrical connection with the negative electrode 220c of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c. There is a gap between the edge of the inner electrode contact platform 342c and the edge of the through hole to ensure that the inner electrode 340c is insulated from the controller housing 410c.

[0092] like Figure 39 and Figure 40As shown, the controller 400c further includes a controller cover plate 460c and a cover plate light-shielding ring 490c on the end face where the negative electrode end cover 330c is installed. The controller cover plate 460c may be made of transparent or semi-transparent light-guiding insulating material and is used to conduct the light emitted by the indicator light inside the controller 400c. The cover plate light-shielding ring 490c covers the controller cover plate 460c and is used to block the light emitted by the indicator light inside the controller 400c, so that the light is emitted from the side of the controller cover plate 460c.

[0093] The first pad 321c of the circuit board 300c is electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charging and discharging control circuit. The first pad 321c of the circuit board 300c is soldered to the circuit board bracket 420c and an electrical connection is established. The circuit board bracket 420c is then soldered to the controller housing 410c and an electrical connection is established, thereby making the controller housing 410c electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0094] The second pad 322c of the circuit board 300c is electrically connected to the negative electrode N of the charging input and discharging output of the charging and discharging control circuit. The negative electrode end cap 330c is soldered to the second pad 322c of the circuit board 300c and an electrical connection is established, so that the negative electrode end cap 330c serves as the negative electrode N of the charging input and discharging output of the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0095] The third pad 323c of the circuit board 300c is connected to the electrode as the negative electrode 220c of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c of the charge and discharge control circuit. The inner electrode 340c is soldered to the third pad 323c of the circuit board 300c and an electrical connection is established, so that the inner electrode 340c is connected to the electrode as the negative electrode 220c of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c of the charge and discharge control circuit.

[0096] Therefore, the negative electrode cap 330c, the inner electrode 340c, and the controller housing 410c constitute the three structural electrodes of the controller 400c.

[0097] Figure 21 and Figure 22 This is an assembly diagram of the rechargeable battery 100c.

[0098] During assembly, the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c is first installed into the battery housing 110c with the positive electrode 210c facing the closed end of the battery housing 110c, and the positive electrode 210c of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c is welded to the closed end of the battery housing 110c; then, an insulating layer 470c is pasted on the axial bottom surface of the controller housing 410c of the controller 400c facing the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell. The insulating layer 470c can be a polyimide film with adhesive on one side, which is used to establish electrical insulation between the negative electrode 220c of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c and the controller housing 410c. Then, the negative electrode 220c of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c is welded to the inner electrode 340c of the controller 400c, so that the negative electrode 220c of the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c and the inner electrode 340c are fixed by welding and an electrical connection is established. Then, electrolyte is poured into the cavity of the battery housing 110c, where the direct-sealed lithium-ion cell 200c is welded, through the open end of the battery housing 110c. Finally, the controller 400c is aligned with the coaxial direction of the battery housing 110c, and the controller housing 410c and the battery housing 110c are welded together to establish an electrical connection.

[0099] After the rechargeable battery 100c is welded, the inner electrode 340c serves as the negative electrode of the directly sealed lithium-ion cell 200c and is connected to the access electrode of the controller 400c. The negative electrode end cap 330c serves as the negative electrode for the charging input and discharging output of the rechargeable battery 100c. The battery casing 110c serves as the positive electrode for the charging input and discharging output of the rechargeable battery 100c and the common ground terminal for the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0100] Implementation 4: Example of a CID cell rechargeable battery The external structure of the 100d rechargeable battery is as follows: Figure 23a As shown, the structural assembly relationship of the rechargeable battery 100d is as follows: Figure 23b and Figure 23c As shown.

[0101] The rechargeable battery 100d includes a CID lithium-ion cell 200d and a controller 400d.

[0102] like Figure 23a , Figure 23b and Figure 23c As shown, the rechargeable battery 100d uses a CID lithium-ion cell 200d. CID stands for Current Interrupt Device. When the CID lithium-ion cell 200d fails (e.g., due to overheating, short circuit, overcharging), a lot of gas will be generated inside. When the pressure increases, the pressure relief plate inside the cell flips, causing an internal short circuit, thus providing protection.

[0103] The CID lithium-ion cell 200d is filled with electrolyte and has a negative electrode 220d and a positive electrode 120d at both ends. The outer wall of the CID lithium-ion cell 200d is the battery casing 110d. The battery casing 110d is connected to the positive electrode 120d of the CID lithium-ion cell 200d and an electrical connection is established. A cell pressure relief hole 234d is provided at the negative electrode of the CID lithium-ion cell 200d. Gas generated by the CID lithium-ion cell 200d can be released through the cell pressure relief hole 234d.

[0104] The controller 400d is installed at the negative terminal of the CID lithium-ion cell 200d. The internal structure of the controller 400d is roughly the same as that of the controller 400b in the aforementioned aluminum-cased lithium-ion cell rechargeable battery 100b. Specifically, the controller 400d is surrounded by a controller housing 410d, with an inner electrode 340d at one axial end and a negative terminal cover 330d at the other end. A circuit board (not shown in the figure) is located inside the controller 400d. A charge / discharge control circuit is mounted on the circuit board. The negative terminal cover 330d serves as the negative electrode N for both the charging input and discharging output of the charge / discharge control circuit. The controller housing 410d is electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charge / discharge control circuit, thereby allowing the inner electrode 340d to be connected as the negative electrode 220d of the pouch lithium-ion cell 200d in the charge / discharge control circuit.

[0105] The inner electrode 340d of the controller 400d is welded and fixed to the negative electrode 220d of the CID lithium-ion cell 200d and an electrical connection is established, so that the inner electrode 340d constitutes the access electrode of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell.

[0106] An insulating layer 470d is provided on the outer periphery of the negative electrode 220d of the CID lithium-ion cell 200d, which is used to establish electrical insulation between the controller housing 410d and the inner electrode 340d of the controller 400d.

[0107] One end of the battery casing 110d is welded and fixed to the controller casing 410d of the controller 400d and an electrical connection is established. Since the positive electrode 120d of the CID lithium-ion cell 200d is electrically connected to the battery casing 110d, and the controller casing 410d is electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charge and discharge control circuit, the battery casing 110d constitutes the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery 100d and the common ground terminal GND of the charge and discharge control circuit.

[0108] The negative electrode cap 330d serves as the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery 100d and the negative electrode N for the charging input and discharging output of the charging and discharging control circuit.

[0109] The CID lithium-ion cell 200d of this embodiment has internal structures such as a current cut-off protection device and a pressure relief plate, thus it has a current cut-off protection function. In other embodiments, if the pressure relief protection function is not required, the current cut-off protection device, pressure relief plate, and pressure relief hole 234d in the CID lithium-ion cell 200d of this embodiment can be omitted.

[0110] The specific structure of the rechargeable battery has been described in detail above through four specific embodiments. Although there are differences in the internal electrode structure, controller housing structure, lithium-ion cell structure, and the packaging structure of the lithium-ion cell and controller in each embodiment, the circuit principle of the above four embodiments is the same.

[0111] The following will be through Figure 24a and Figure 24b The working principles of the four rechargeable battery embodiments described above are explained in detail.

[0112] Figure 24a This is a circuit block diagram of a rechargeable battery. Figure 24b A block diagram illustrating the charging and discharging principle of a rechargeable battery.

[0113] The circuit principle of a rechargeable battery is as follows: See Figure 24a The positive electrode 210 of the lithium-ion cell 200 is electrically connected to the battery casing 110. The battery casing 110 is electrically connected to the controller casing 410. The controller casing 410 is electrically connected to the circuit board 300 via a first pad 321, and is also electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the charge / discharge control circuit on the circuit board 300 via the first pad 321. This makes the battery casing 110 serve as both the positive electrode P of the rechargeable battery 100 and the common ground terminal GND of the charge / discharge control circuit.

[0114] The negative electrode cap 330 of the controller 400 is electrically connected to the circuit board 300 through the second pad 322. The second pad 322 is electrically connected to the charging input terminal and the discharging output terminal of the charging and discharging control circuit on the circuit board. Therefore, the negative electrode cap 330 serves as the negative electrode N of the rechargeable battery 100.

[0115] The internal electrode 340 of the controller 400 is electrically connected to the circuit board 300 through the third solder pad 323, and the internal electrode 340 is also electrically connected to the negative electrode 220 of the lithium-ion battery cell, thereby introducing the negative electrode 220 of the lithium-ion battery cell into the charging and discharging control circuit of the circuit board 300 through the internal electrode 340.

[0116] See Figure 24bThe circuit board 300 is equipped with a charge / discharge control circuit 310, which specifically includes two parts: a charge control circuit 311 and a discharge control circuit 312. The charge input terminal of the charge control circuit 311 is electrically connected to the discharge output terminal of the discharge control circuit 312, and both are electrically connected to the second pad 322, and are electrically connected to the negative electrode cap 330 through the second pad 322. The charge output terminal of the charge control circuit 311 is electrically connected to the discharge input terminal of the discharge control circuit 312, and both are electrically connected to the third pad 323, and are electrically connected to the negative electrode 220 of the lithium-ion cell 200 through the third pad 323. The common ground terminal GND of the charge control circuit 311 is electrically connected to the common ground terminal GND of the discharge control circuit 312, and both are electrically connected to the first pad 321, and are electrically connected to the controller housing 410 and the battery housing 110 through the first pad 321.

[0117] When the discharge control circuit 312 detects that the external charging power supply is not connected to the charging battery or detects that the external charging power supply is disconnected from the charging battery, the discharge control circuit 312 controls the charging battery 100 to enter the discharge state.

[0118] In the discharge state, when the absolute value of the voltage of the lithium-ion cell 200 is higher than the set discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit 312 controls the discharge voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell 200 to convert it into the set negative electrode discharge voltage, and outputs it to the outside through the negative electrode N of the rechargeable battery (i.e., the negative electrode end cap 330), so that the lithium-ion cell 200 discharges to the outside; when the absolute value of the voltage of the lithium-ion cell 200 is equal to or lower than the discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit 312 cuts off the discharge circuit connected to the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell, so that the lithium-ion cell 200 stops discharging to the outside.

[0119] When the charging control circuit 311 detects that an external charging power source is connected to the charging battery, and the voltage of the external power source meets the charging conditions, the charging control circuit 311 starts charging the lithium-ion battery cell. When the voltage of the external charging power source does not meet the charging conditions, the charging control circuit 311 stops charging the lithium-ion battery cell.

[0120] During the charging process, the charging control circuit 311 detects the voltage of the lithium-ion cell 200 and, based on the voltage status of the lithium-ion cell, controls the input voltage and / or current of the negative electrode N (i.e., the negative electrode cap 330) of the rechargeable battery and outputs it to the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell to charge the lithium-ion cell. After the lithium-ion cell is fully charged or the rechargeable battery is disconnected from the external charging power source, the charging control circuit 311 is cut off, thereby stopping the charging of the lithium-ion cell.

[0121] The control method for charging lithium-ion cells can employ trickle charging, constant current charging, constant voltage charging, or a combination of these methods. For example: when the absolute value of the lithium-ion cell's voltage is lower than the set discharge cutoff voltage, trickle charging is performed by controlling the charging current of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell; when the absolute value of the lithium-ion cell's voltage is equal to or higher than the set discharge cutoff voltage but lower than the set upper charging voltage limit, constant current charging is performed by controlling the charging current of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell; when the absolute value of the lithium-ion cell's voltage is equal to the set upper charging voltage limit, constant voltage charging is performed by controlling the charging voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell; when the charging current of the lithium-ion cell in constant voltage charging decreases to be equal to or less than the set charging termination current, it is determined that the lithium-ion cell is fully charged, and the charging control circuit 311 shuts off charging of the lithium-ion cell.

[0122] The discharge control circuit 312 can be a linear buck or boost control circuit, or a DC-DC buck or boost control circuit.

[0123] To facilitate the discharge control circuit 312 in controlling the discharge voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell 200, the discharge control circuit 312 can be controlled by a negative level to convert the discharge voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell into a set discharge voltage and output it to the outside.

[0124] The charging control circuit can be a linear buck or boost control circuit, or a DC-DC buck or boost control circuit.

[0125] To facilitate the charging control circuit 311 in controlling the input voltage and / or current of the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery and outputting it to the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell, the charging control circuit 311 can be controlled by a negative level, thereby controlling the input voltage and / or current of the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery and performing trickle, constant current or constant voltage charging on the lithium-ion cell.

[0126] In the specific implementation of the charge and discharge control circuit, the main circuits of the charging control circuit and the discharging control circuit can be integrated into one chip or integrated separately.

[0127] In other embodiments, the charging control circuit in the controller of the rechargeable battery may be omitted, and the charging control circuit may be placed in the charging socket that is compatible with the rechargeable battery.

[0128] In other embodiments, the controller housing 410 can be omitted, and the control circuit assembly consisting of the circuit board 300, the inner electrode 340 and the negative electrode end cap 330 can be directly housed in the battery housing 110, and the battery housing 110 can be electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the circuit board 300.

[0129] In other embodiments, the inner electrode 340 may be omitted, and instead, a wire or other means may be used to establish an electrical connection between the lithium-ion cell negative electrode 220 and the circuit board 300, or the lithium-ion cell negative electrode 220 may be directly soldered to the third pad 323 on the circuit board 300.

[0130] Discharge control methods for rechargeable batteries The discharge control method for rechargeable batteries in this embodiment is applied to the electrical system of the rechargeable battery, and specifically includes: The positive electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit, and the common ground terminal is used as the positive electrode for the discharge output of the rechargeable battery. The negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell is electrically connected to the input terminal of the discharge control circuit. The discharge control circuit converts the voltage into a set negative electrode discharge voltage and outputs it to the outside through the output electrode. The output electrode serves as the negative electrode for the discharge output of the rechargeable battery.

[0131] The specific implementation of "electrically connecting the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit" can be as described in the embodiments of the four rechargeable batteries above. The discharge control circuit is housed in a controller, and the controller housing is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit. The controller housing is also electrically connected to both the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell and the battery housing, thus achieving the electrical connection of the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit. Alternatively, the specific implementation in the embodiments of the four rechargeable batteries can be omitted. For example, the controller housing can be omitted, and the battery housing can be directly electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit, and then electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell.

[0132] The specific implementation of "electrically connecting the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell to the input terminal of the discharge control circuit" can be as described in the embodiments of the four rechargeable batteries above. The discharge control circuit is housed in a controller, and an internal electrode is arranged within the controller. This internal electrode is electrically connected to the input terminal of the discharge control circuit, and the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell is welded to the internal electrode to establish an electrical connection with the input terminal of the discharge control circuit. Alternatively, the specific implementation in the embodiments of the four rechargeable batteries can be omitted. For example, the internal electrode can be omitted, and the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell can be directly connected to the input terminal of the discharge control circuit within the controller via a wire or other conductive structure; or the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell can be directly welded to the circuit board.

[0133] Specifically, the discharge control method includes: When the discharge control circuit detects that the external charging power supply is not connected to the charging battery or detects that the external charging power supply is disconnected from the charging battery, the discharge control circuit controls the charging battery to enter the discharge state. When the rechargeable battery is in a discharging state, if the absolute value of the voltage of the lithium-ion cell is higher than the set discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit allows the lithium-ion cell to discharge to the outside by controlling the discharge voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell. When a rechargeable battery is discharging, if the absolute value of the lithium-ion cell's voltage is equal to or lower than the discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit will shut off the discharge of the lithium-ion cell's negative electrode, thus stopping the lithium-ion cell from discharging externally.

[0134] Specifically, when the charge / discharge control circuit detects that the external charging power supply is not connected or that the external charging power supply is disconnected, the charge / discharge control circuit activates the discharge control circuit and converts the discharge voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell into a set negative electrode discharge voltage before discharging it to the outside; when the absolute value of the lithium-ion cell voltage is equal to or lower than the discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit shuts off the external discharge of the lithium-ion cell. Charging control method for rechargeable batteries The charging control method for a rechargeable battery in this embodiment is applied to the battery's own electrical system or an electrical system independent of the battery (e.g., the electrical system of a charging socket that is compatible with the battery). Specifically, the charging control method includes: The positive electrode of the rechargeable battery charging input is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charging control circuit, and the common ground terminal is used as the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery charging input. The negative electrode of the rechargeable battery is used as the input terminal of the charging control circuit. The charging control circuit controls the input voltage and / or current of the negative electrode and outputs it to the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell to charge the lithium-ion cell.

[0135] The specific implementation of "electrically connecting the positive electrode of the charging input of the rechargeable battery to the common ground terminal of the charging control circuit" can be as described in the embodiments of the four rechargeable batteries above. The positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell is used as the positive electrode of the charging input of the rechargeable battery. The charging control circuit is housed in a controller, and the controller housing is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charging control circuit. The controller housing is also electrically connected to both the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell and the battery housing, thus achieving the electrical connection of the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery to the common ground terminal of the discharging control circuit. Alternatively, the specific implementation in the embodiments of the four rechargeable batteries can be omitted. For example, the controller housing can be omitted, and the battery housing can be directly electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charging control circuit, and the battery housing can be electrically connected to the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell.

[0136] The specific control methods for "the charging control circuit controlling the input voltage and / or current of the negative electrode" include: When the absolute value of the lithium-ion cell voltage is lower than the set discharge cutoff voltage, trickle charging of the lithium-ion cell is performed by controlling the charging current of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell. When the absolute value of the lithium-ion cell voltage is equal to or higher than the set discharge cutoff voltage but lower than the set charging upper limit voltage, the lithium-ion cell is charged at a constant current by controlling the charging current of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell. When the absolute value of the voltage of the lithium-ion battery cell is equal to the set upper limit voltage for charging, the lithium-ion battery cell is charged at a constant voltage by controlling the charging voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell. When the charging current of the lithium-ion battery cell during constant voltage charging decreases to be equal to or less than the set charging termination current, it is determined that the lithium-ion battery cell is fully charged, and the charging control circuit shuts off charging the lithium-ion battery cell.

[0137] In other embodiments, trickle charging, constant current charging, or constant voltage charging may be used in one or two ways.

[0138] Furthermore, in the above charging control method, the charging power supply needs to be detected before the rechargeable battery enters the charging state.

[0139] When the charging control circuit detects that an external charging power source is connected to the rechargeable battery, the charging control circuit controls the rechargeable battery to enter the charging state. In the charging state, the charging control circuit detects the voltage of the lithium-ion cell and, based on the voltage state of the lithium-ion cell, controls the charging of the lithium-ion cell by controlling the input voltage and / or current of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion cell.

[0140] When the charging control circuit detects that the lithium-ion cell is fully charged or the rechargeable battery is disconnected from the external charging power source, it shuts off the charging of the lithium-ion cell.

[0141] Furthermore, in the above charging control method, charging condition detection is required before the rechargeable battery enters the charging state.

[0142] When an external power source is connected to the battery, the charging control circuit detects the voltage of the external power source. When the voltage of the external power source meets the charging conditions, the charging control circuit starts charging the lithium-ion battery cell.

[0143] When the voltage of the external charging power supply does not meet the charging conditions, the charging control circuit stops charging the lithium-ion battery cell.

[0144] Although this disclosure has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is descriptive and exemplary, and not restrictive. Because the invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A discharge control method for a rechargeable battery, applied to the electrical system of the rechargeable battery, the electrical system comprising a battery cell and a discharge control circuit, characterized in that, The discharge control method includes: The positive electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit, and the common ground terminal is used as the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery discharge output. The negative electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected to the input terminal of the discharge control circuit. The discharge control circuit converts the voltage into a set negative electrode discharge voltage and outputs it to the outside through the output electrode. The output electrode serves as the negative electrode for the discharge output of the rechargeable battery.

2. The discharge control method for a rechargeable battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the discharge control circuit detects that the external charging power supply is not connected to the charging battery or detects that the external charging power supply is disconnected from the charging battery, the discharge control circuit controls the charging battery to enter the discharge state. When a rechargeable battery is in a discharging state, if the absolute value of the cell voltage is higher than the set discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit allows the cell to discharge to the outside by controlling the discharge voltage of the negative electrode of the cell. When a rechargeable battery is discharging, if the absolute value of the cell voltage is equal to or lower than the discharge cutoff voltage, the discharge control circuit will shut off the discharge of the cell's negative electrode, thus stopping the cell from discharging externally.

3. A charging control method for a rechargeable battery, applied to the rechargeable battery itself or to an electrical system independent of the rechargeable battery, wherein the electrical system includes a charging control circuit, and the rechargeable battery includes battery cells, characterized in that... The charging control method includes: The positive electrode of the rechargeable battery charging input is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charging control circuit, the positive electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the charging control circuit, and the common ground terminal is used as the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery charging input. The negative electrode of the rechargeable battery is electrically connected to the input terminal of the charging control circuit, so that the charging control circuit controls the input voltage and / or current connected to the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery and outputs it to the negative electrode of the cell to charge the cell.

4. The charging control method for a rechargeable battery as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the charging control circuit detects that an external charging power source is connected to the charging battery, the charging control circuit controls the charging battery to enter the charging state. When the rechargeable battery is charging, the charging control circuit detects the voltage of the cell and, based on the voltage state of the cell, controls the charging of the cell by controlling the input voltage and / or current of the negative electrode of the cell. The charging of the cell is turned off after the cell is fully charged or the rechargeable battery is disconnected from the external charging power source.

5. The charging control method for a rechargeable battery as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When an external charging power source is connected to the rechargeable battery, the charging control circuit detects the voltage of the external power source. When the voltage of the external power source meets the charging conditions, the charging control circuit starts charging the battery cell. When the voltage of the external charging power supply does not meet the charging conditions, the charging control circuit stops charging the battery cell.

6. A rechargeable battery, characterized in that, include: The battery cell and a controller installed at one end of the negative electrode of the battery cell, the controller including: a circuit board, on which a discharge control circuit and a negative electrode end cap are arranged; The common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell; The negative electrode cap is soldered onto the circuit board, and the negative electrode cap is electrically connected to the discharge output terminal of the discharge control circuit by soldering. The discharge control circuit has a discharge input terminal, and the negative electrode of the battery cell is welded to and electrically connected to the discharge input terminal; The positive electrode of the battery cell serves as the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery, and the negative electrode cap serves as the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery.

7. The rechargeable battery as described in claim 6, characterized in that, An inner electrode is also soldered onto the circuit board. The negative electrode end cap and the inner electrode are respectively disposed on the first and second surfaces opposite to each other on the circuit board. The inner electrode is electrically connected to the discharge input terminal of the discharge control circuit by soldering, so that the inner electrode becomes the negative electrode of the battery cell and is connected to the access electrode of the controller.

8. The rechargeable battery as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The controller is surrounded by a controller housing, and the circuit board is located inside the controller housing. The controller housing is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit by soldering.

9. The rechargeable battery as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The outer wall of the battery cell has a battery casing made of conductive material, and the battery casing is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell. One end of the battery casing is electrically connected to the controller casing by welding, so that the battery casing is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell, the controller casing, and the common ground terminal of the discharge control circuit.

10. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The battery cell is placed in a battery casing made of conductive material, and the battery casing has a structure with one end open and the other end closed, and a positive electrode cap is provided at the closed end. The battery casing is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell. The battery casing has a cell cap shell at its open end, and the controller casing is fixed to the battery casing by welding and establishing an electrical connection with the cell cap shell.

11. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The battery cell is placed in a battery casing made of conductive material, and the battery casing has a structure with one end open and the other end closed, and a positive electrode cap is provided at the closed end. The battery casing is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell. The controller is disposed at the opening end of the battery casing, and the controller casing is welded to the battery casing to establish an electrical connection.

12. The rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The circuit board is also equipped with a charging control circuit. The common ground terminal of the charging control circuit is electrically connected to the common ground terminal of the discharging control circuit. The charging input terminal of the charging control circuit is electrically connected to the discharge output terminal of the discharging control circuit, and then electrically connected to the negative terminal cover. The charging output terminal of the charging control circuit is electrically connected to the discharging input terminal of the discharging control circuit, and then electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell.

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