Fault bypass control device and method based on energy storage series stacked battery system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery energy storage, and discloses a fault bypass control device and method based on an energy storage series stacked battery system, each series battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system comprises an input end connector, an output end connector, a double-contact relay and a battery control unit, through a wiring mode of the double-contact relay, the battery module normally operates in a normally-closed state of the double-contact relay and is bypassed in a normally-open state of the double-contact relay; and the battery control unit monitors whether the working parameters of the battery module meet a preset parameter range in real time, if not, the coil of the double-contact relay is electrified through the coil input end and the coil output end, so that the double-contact relay is switched from a normally closed state to a normally open state, a power supply loop of the battery module is cut off, and the battery module is bypassed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery energy storage technology, and in particular to a fault bypass control device and method based on a series stacked battery system for energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage series-stacked battery systems improve system efficiency and reduce transmission losses by connecting multiple battery modules in series to achieve the required high voltage. However, the reliability of these systems is limited by the weakest link in the series chain. When a battery module fails due to cell damage, internal short circuit, abnormal voltage, abnormal temperature, or communication failure of the battery management unit, the entire series circuit will be interrupted, causing the system to malfunction or even shut down, severely impacting power supply continuity and user experience.

[0003] Due to differences in manufacturing processes, initial capacity, operating environment, and cycle life, even if battery modules perform consistently in the initial stages of system operation, their State of Charge (SOC) will become inconsistent over long-term operation. When the SOC difference between modules is too large, during charging, modules with higher SOC will reach the cutoff voltage first, triggering system protection and stopping charging, thus preventing modules with lower SOC from being fully charged. During discharging, modules with lower SOC will reach the cutoff voltage first, triggering system protection and stopping discharging, resulting in modules with higher SOC still having charge but unable to discharge it. This not only causes a sharp decrease in the actual usable capacity of the system but also leads to drastic fluctuations in the overall SOC displayed by the system, misleading users and further affecting energy management strategies. Therefore, it is necessary to bypass abnormal battery modules to ensure the normal and stable operation of the energy storage series-stacking battery system.

[0004] Existing bypass methods employ a DC / DC converter-based bypass architecture. When a module fails, a parallel-connected DC / DC converter is activated to raise or lower the voltage of the failed module, maintaining the stability of the overall system voltage and thus achieving bypass functionality. However, DC / DC converters are expensive, have complex circuit structures, and are bulky, and their own energy conversion efficiency introduces additional system losses. Furthermore, existing solutions focus solely on fault bypass and lack active balancing management of SOC inconsistencies between modules, failing to fundamentally address the system capacity degradation problem caused by differences in charge levels. While traditional passive balancing solutions are lower in cost, they suffer from low balancing current, low efficiency, slow balancing speed, and energy waste as heat in resistors, failing to meet the rapid balancing requirements of large-scale energy storage systems.

[0005] In summary, existing methods for bypassing battery modules rely on additional DC / DC converters, which are complex and costly. Furthermore, they lack automatic balancing capabilities when faced with inconsistencies among modules in a series-stacked energy storage battery system, which can easily lead to SOC jumps in the system. The additional passive balancing methods have low balancing efficiency and cannot guarantee the balanced and stable operation of the series-stacked energy storage battery system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems of complex and costly bypass structures in the prior art, and the inability to achieve battery module balancing, which makes the energy storage series stacked battery system prone to SOC jump and causes the energy storage series stacked battery system to fail.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked energy storage battery system, comprising: [devices to be inserted here] in each of the series-connected battery modules. The input connector is connected to the output connector in the preceding battery module. The output connector is connected to the input connector in the subsequent battery module; Two-contact relays include: The normally closed input terminal contact is connected to the negative cell of the battery module, and the positive cell of the battery module is connected to the input terminal connector of the battery module. The normally closed outgoing contact is directly connected to the output connector of the battery module. The normally open input contact is directly connected to the input connector of the battery module. The normally open output contact is directly connected to the output connector of the battery module. Coil input terminal and coil output terminal; The battery control unit, connected to the input connector and output connector of the battery module, and the coil input and output terminals of the dual-contact relay, includes: The bypass control module monitors in real time whether the operating parameters of the battery module meet the preset parameter range. If not, it energizes the coil of the double-contact relay through the coil input and coil output terminals, causing the double-contact relay to switch from the normally closed state to the normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing the battery module.

[0008] Preferably, in each battery module of the energy storage series-stacked battery system: When the dual-contact relay is in the normally closed state, the current flows in through the input connector of the battery module, through the positive and negative cells of the battery module, and through the normally closed input and output contacts of the dual-contact relay to the output connector of the battery module. When the dual-contact relay is in the normally open state, the current flows in through the input connector of the battery module, through the normally open input contact, normally open output contact and normally closed output contact of the dual-contact relay, and to the output connector of the battery module.

[0009] Preferably, the battery modules in the energy storage series stacked battery system are connected in series using a daisy-chain communication method.

[0010] Preferably, the battery control unit further includes: The communication control module is connected to the battery management unit in the energy storage series stacked battery system. When the battery module in which it is located is bypassed, the battery management unit sends a bypass instruction to the battery control unit in the battery module so that the battery control unit sends a high-level signal to cut off the analog switch path in the communication control module, causing the communication control module to enter a sleep state. This allows the previous communication control module connected to the communication control module to communicate directly with the next communication control module, bypassing the communication control module from the communication loop.

[0011] Preferably, the battery control unit further includes a SOC balancing module for: The system acquires the remaining capacity of all battery modules in a series-stacked energy storage battery system in real time, calculates the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules, and compares it with a preset difference threshold. If the difference in remaining power between any two battery modules is less than the preset maximum difference threshold, the battery modules will operate normally. If the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules is not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, then determine whether the current energy storage series-stacked battery system is in a charging or discharging state: If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a charging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the highest remaining power will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference between the remaining power of the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than the preset minimum difference threshold, then it will be restored to the normally closed state. If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a discharging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the lowest remaining power is adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference in remaining power between the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than a preset minimum difference threshold. Then, the dual-contact relay is restored to the normally closed state.

[0012] Preferably, when the difference in remaining power between any two battery modules is not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, the dual-contact relay in the corresponding battery module is adjusted from a normally closed state to a normally open state within a maximum allowable time window; the maximum allowable time window is 10 seconds.

[0013] Preferably, the battery control unit further includes a battery parameter detection module for: Real-time monitoring of the battery module's current operating voltage and / or temperature, compared with preset voltage and / or temperature ranges: If the current operating voltage of the battery module exceeds the preset voltage range and / or the current operating temperature exceeds the preset temperature range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the current operating voltage and current operating temperature of the battery module return to the preset voltage and preset temperature ranges, at which point the dual-contact relay will be restored to the normally closed state.

[0014] This invention provides a fault bypass control method based on an energy storage series stacked battery system, based on the control device described above, comprising: Real-time monitoring of multiple operating parameters of each battery module in a series-stacked energy storage battery system, and comparison with corresponding preset parameter ranges: If the current operating parameters do not exceed their corresponding preset parameter range, the battery module will operate normally. If the current operating parameters exceed the corresponding preset parameter range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module is controlled to switch from the normally closed state to the normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing the battery module.

[0015] Preferably, when the real-time detected operating parameter is the remaining battery power of the battery module, it includes: The system acquires the remaining capacity of all battery modules in a series-stacked energy storage battery system in real time, calculates the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules, and compares it with a preset difference threshold. If the difference in remaining power between any two battery modules is less than the preset maximum difference threshold, the battery modules will operate normally. If the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules is not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, then determine whether the current energy storage series-stacked battery system is in a charging or discharging state: If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a charging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the highest remaining power will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference between the remaining power of the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than the preset minimum difference threshold, then it will be restored to the normally closed state. If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a discharging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the lowest remaining power is adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference in remaining power between the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than a preset minimum difference threshold. Then, the dual-contact relay is restored to the normally closed state.

[0016] Preferably, when the real-time detected operating parameters are the battery module operating voltage and / or temperature, it includes: Real-time acquisition of the current operating voltage and / or temperature of all battery modules in the energy storage series stacked battery system, and comparison with preset voltage and / or temperature ranges: If the current operating voltage and / or current operating temperature of the battery module does not exceed the preset voltage range and / or preset temperature range, the battery module will operate normally. If the current operating voltage and / or current operating temperature of the battery module exceeds the preset voltage range and / or preset temperature range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the current operating voltage and current operating temperature of the battery module return to the preset voltage range and preset temperature range, at which point the dual-contact relay will be restored to the normally closed state.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: The fault bypass control device and method based on a series-stacked battery system described in this invention uses a dual-contact relay in each battery module to monitor in real time whether the operating parameters of the battery module meet the preset parameter range. If not, the dual-contact relay is switched from a normally closed state to a normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing it. In the normally closed state, the dual-contact relay is connected in series in the positive output path of the battery module, providing a series circuit for current. In the normally open state, the dual-contact relay is connected in parallel between the positive and negative output terminals of the battery module, providing a parallel path for current to bypass the module's internal circuitry. This invention uses dual-contact relays to achieve main circuit switching, significantly reducing hardware costs and resulting in a simpler and more reliable circuit structure. Furthermore, by using real-time monitoring and comparison in the bypass control module of the battery control unit, this invention combines fault isolation and energy balancing functions into one, sharing the same hardware. This achieves fault isolation based on energy balancing considerations, maximizing the utilization of hardware resources and reducing device costs.

[0018] This invention bypasses the communication module of the bypassed battery module as well, ensuring the integrity and consistency of the data flow in the energy storage series-stacking battery system and preventing system-level communication errors caused by the failure of a single module. Simultaneously, the bypassed battery control module enters a sleep state, no longer consuming power from the bypassed battery module, preventing over-discharge of the bypassed battery module, and further ensuring the safe and stable operation of the energy storage series-stacking battery system.

[0019] This invention automatically bypasses the battery module with the highest SOC during charging, allowing modules with lower charge levels to be charged first; during discharging, it automatically bypasses the battery module with the lowest SOC, making full use of the energy of modules with higher charge levels. This invention can achieve high-current energy transfer through the switching action of a dual-contact relay, realizing a heat-dissipation-free and highly efficient active balancing scheme, effectively eliminating SOC jumps, significantly improving the actual usable capacity of the energy storage series stacked battery system, and extending the overall lifespan of the energy storage series stacked battery system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked battery system for energy storage provided by the present invention. Explanation of the markings on the attached diagrams: 1. Normally closed input contact; 2. Normally closed output contact; 3. Normally open input contact; 4. Normally open output contact; 5. Coil input terminal; 6. Coil output terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] The energy storage series stacked battery system includes: a battery disconnection unit (BDU) and multiple battery modules connected in series via an input connector and an output connector; the battery disconnection unit (BDU) contains a battery management unit (BCU) which is communicatively connected to the battery control unit (BMU) in each battery module; each battery module includes an input connector and an output connector.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 As shown in the schematic diagram, the fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked battery system provided by the present invention includes components disposed in each series-connected battery module: The input connector is connected to the output connector in the preceding battery module. The output connector' is connected to the input connector in the subsequent battery module; Two-contact relays include: Normally closed input terminal contact 1 is connected to the negative cell of the battery module, and the positive cell of the battery module is connected to the input terminal connector of the battery module. Normally closed output contact 2 is directly connected to the output connector of the battery module. Normally open input contact 3 is directly connected to the input connector of the battery module. Normally open output contact 4 is directly connected to the output connector of the battery module. Coil input terminal 5 and coil output terminal 6; The battery control unit (BMU) connects to the input connector and output connector of the battery module, as well as the coil input and coil output terminals of the dual-contact relay, including: The bypass control module monitors in real time whether the operating parameters of the battery module meet the preset parameter range. If not, it energizes the coil of the double-contact relay through the coil input and coil output terminals, causing the double-contact relay to switch from the normally closed state to the normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing the battery module.

[0024] Specifically, in each battery module of the energy storage series stacked battery system, when the dual-contact relay is in the normally closed state, the current flows in through the input connector of the battery module, through the positive and negative cells of the battery module, and through the normally closed input and output contacts of the dual-contact relay to the output connector of the battery module; when the dual-contact relay is in the normally open state, the current flows in through the input connector of the battery module, through the normally open input, normally open, and normally closed output contacts of the dual-contact relay to the output connector of the battery module.

[0025] The fault bypass control device and method based on a series-stacked battery system described in this invention uses a dual-contact relay in each battery module to monitor in real time whether the operating parameters of the battery module meet the preset parameter range. If not, the dual-contact relay is switched from a normally closed state to a normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing it. In the normally closed state, the dual-contact relay is connected in series in the positive output path of the battery module, providing a series circuit for current. In the normally open state, the dual-contact relay is connected in parallel between the positive and negative output terminals of the battery module, providing a parallel path for current to bypass the module's internal circuitry. This invention uses dual-contact relays to achieve main circuit switching, significantly reducing hardware costs and resulting in a simpler and more reliable circuit structure. Furthermore, by using real-time monitoring and comparison in the bypass control module of the battery control unit, this invention combines fault isolation and energy balancing functions into one, sharing the same hardware. This achieves fault isolation based on energy balancing considerations, maximizing the utilization of hardware resources and reducing device costs.

[0026] This embodiment uses a daisy-chain communication method to connect battery modules in a series-stacked energy storage battery system. A communication control module is set in the battery control unit and connected to the battery management unit in the series-stacked energy storage battery system. When the battery module in which the communication control module is located is bypassed, the battery management unit sends a bypass instruction to the battery control unit in the battery module so that the battery control unit sends a high-level signal to cut off the analog switch path in the communication control module, causing the communication control module to enter a sleep state. This allows the communication control module connected to the previous communication control module to communicate directly with the next communication control module, bypassing the communication control module from the communication loop.

[0027] This invention bypasses the communication module of the bypassed battery module as well, ensuring the integrity and consistency of the data flow in the energy storage series-stacking battery system and preventing system-level communication errors caused by the failure of a single module. Simultaneously, the bypassed battery control module enters a sleep state, no longer consuming power from the bypassed battery module, preventing over-discharge of the bypassed battery module, and further ensuring the safe and stable operation of the energy storage series-stacking battery system.

[0028] In this embodiment, the battery control unit further includes a SOC balancing module, used for: The system acquires the remaining capacity of all battery modules in a series-stacked energy storage battery system in real time, calculates the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules, and compares it with a preset difference threshold. If the difference in remaining power between any two battery modules is less than the preset maximum difference threshold, the battery modules will operate normally. If the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules is not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, then determine whether the current energy storage series-stacked battery system is in a charging or discharging state: If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a charging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the highest remaining power will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference between the remaining power of the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than the preset minimum difference threshold, then it will be restored to the normally closed state. If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a discharging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the lowest remaining power is adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference in remaining power between the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than a preset minimum difference threshold. Then, the dual-contact relay is restored to the normally closed state.

[0029] Specifically, when the difference in remaining power between any two battery modules is not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, the dual-contact relay in the corresponding battery module is adjusted from a normally closed state to a normally open state within a maximum allowable time window; the maximum allowable time window is 10 seconds.

[0030] This invention automatically bypasses the battery module with the highest SOC during charging, allowing modules with lower charge levels to be charged first; during discharging, it automatically bypasses the battery module with the lowest SOC, making full use of the energy of modules with higher charge levels. This invention can achieve high-current energy transfer through the switching action of a dual-contact relay, realizing a heat-dissipation-free and highly efficient active balancing scheme, effectively eliminating SOC jumps, significantly improving the actual usable capacity of the energy storage series stacked battery system, and extending the overall lifespan of the energy storage series stacked battery system.

[0031] In this embodiment, the battery control unit further includes a battery parameter detection module, used for: Real-time monitoring of the battery module's current operating voltage and / or temperature, compared with preset voltage and / or temperature ranges: If the current operating voltage of the battery module exceeds the preset voltage range and / or the current operating temperature exceeds the preset temperature range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the current operating voltage and current operating temperature of the battery module return to the preset voltage and preset temperature ranges, at which point the dual-contact relay will be restored to the normally closed state.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment of the invention, a fault bypass control method for a series-stacked battery system based on the control device described above is provided, comprising: Real-time monitoring of multiple operating parameters of each battery module in a series-stacked energy storage battery system, and comparison with corresponding preset parameter ranges: If the current operating parameters do not exceed their corresponding preset parameter range, the battery module will operate normally. If the current operating parameters exceed the corresponding preset parameter range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module is controlled to switch from the normally closed state to the normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing the battery module.

[0033] Specifically, when the real-time detected operating parameter is the remaining battery module power, it includes: The system acquires the remaining capacity of all battery modules in a series-stacked energy storage battery system in real time, calculates the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules, and compares it with a preset difference threshold. If the difference in remaining power between any two battery modules is less than the preset maximum difference threshold, the battery modules will operate normally. If the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules is not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, then determine whether the current energy storage series-stacked battery system is in a charging or discharging state: If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a charging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the highest remaining power will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference between the remaining power of the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than the preset minimum difference threshold, then it will be restored to the normally closed state. If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a discharging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the lowest remaining power is adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference in remaining power between the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than a preset minimum difference threshold. Then, the dual-contact relay is restored to the normally closed state.

[0034] Specifically, when the real-time detected operating parameters are the battery module's operating voltage / temperature, they include: Real-time acquisition of the current operating voltage and / or temperature of all battery modules in the energy storage series stacked battery system, and comparison with preset voltage and / or temperature ranges: If the current operating voltage and / or current operating temperature of the battery module does not exceed the preset voltage range and / or preset temperature range, the battery module will operate normally. If the current operating voltage and / or current operating temperature of the battery module exceeds the preset voltage range and / or preset temperature range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the current operating voltage and current operating temperature of the battery module return to the preset voltage range and preset temperature range, at which point the dual-contact relay will be restored to the normally closed state.

[0035] This invention relates to a bypass function and control logic developed based on a high-voltage series stacked energy storage system. It solves the system malfunction caused by cell damage in the high-voltage series energy storage system, allowing the system to return to normal operation. In addition, it also solves the problem of system SOC jump caused by excessive difference in module power and voltage, allowing the system to control the balanced charging between modules and restore normal operation.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, when bypassing, invalid single voltage (U < 1V or U > 4V) or invalid temperature (T < -30℃ or T > 80℃) and AFE communication abnormality are used as bypass trigger conditions. The specific triggering process includes: if a battery module failure is detected upon power-on and no output is detected, the faulty module is bypassed and the output is restored, allowing the energy storage series stacked battery system to operate normally. Another triggering process includes power-on detection, normal system operation until a fault is detected, then disconnecting the system output, bypassing the faulty module, restoring the output, and allowing the energy storage series stacked battery system to operate normally.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, bypass is executed when there is a large difference in the State of Charge (SOC) of the battery packs in the system. The trigger condition is a SOC difference of ≥10% between the battery modules. At this time, the system is powered on and checked to ensure normal operation until an SOC difference of ≥10% is detected. Then, the system is checked to see if it is in charging or discharging state, and the system output is disconnected. If the system is in charging state, the battery module with the high SOC is bypassed; if the system is in discharging state, the battery module with the low SOC is bypassed, and the output is restored, allowing the energy storage series-stacked battery system to operate normally. Monitoring continues until the SOC difference of the bypassed battery modules is detected to be ≤2%, at which point the output is disconnected, bypass is restored, and the output is restored, allowing the energy storage series-stacked battery system to operate normally. This embodiment requires that the automatic switching time not exceed 10 seconds.

[0038] This invention achieves bypass main circuit switching by connecting a normally closed relay in series and a normally open relay in parallel in the main circuit of the battery pack. This can be achieved using a relay that combines one open and one closed state. The BMU uses DC power provided by the BDU to power the MCU of the BMU control board and the coil of the bypass relay. The communication bypass is handled by software to also handle the communication of the bypass battery pack, so that the bypass can be disconnected in time when the battery module fails, ensuring that the system can continue to operate stably and will not be shut down for a long time, improving the user experience and reducing user losses caused by system failures. Compared with the bypass function of traditional DC / DC solutions, the cost is lower, and it also has the ability to balance the modules of the system. The balancing efficiency is also higher than that of traditional passive balancing solutions, solving the pain point of needing to charge the modules separately due to inconsistent power in series systems. The balancing efficiency is also higher than that of traditional passive balancing solutions.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, a manual bypass function and status monitoring and alarm are also added. It supports APP push notifications and panel light status display, and allows after-sales maintenance personnel to manually switch the bypass function through the host computer / APP, which facilitates balanced maintenance on site.

[0040] In this embodiment, a high level on the BMU allows communication to bypass the bypassed module, thus bypassing the communication of the bypassed module and ensuring that the remaining modules can continue to work normally. At the same time, the bypassed BMU will also enter a sleep state and stop consuming the bypassed battery, preventing the bypassed battery from being over-discharged.

[0041] The fault bypass control device and method based on a series-stacked battery system described in this invention uses a dual-contact relay in each battery module to monitor in real time whether the operating parameters of the battery module meet the preset parameter range. If not, the dual-contact relay is switched from a normally closed state to a normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing it. In the normally closed state, the dual-contact relay is connected in series in the positive output path of the battery module, providing a series circuit for current. In the normally open state, the dual-contact relay is connected in parallel between the positive and negative output terminals of the battery module, providing a parallel path for current to bypass the module's internal circuitry. This invention uses dual-contact relays to achieve main circuit switching, significantly reducing hardware costs and resulting in a simpler and more reliable circuit structure. Furthermore, by using real-time monitoring and comparison in the bypass control module of the battery control unit, this invention combines fault isolation and energy balancing functions into one, sharing the same hardware. This achieves fault isolation based on energy balancing considerations, maximizing the utilization of hardware resources and reducing device costs.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0043] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0044] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0045] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A fault bypass control device based on an energy storage series stacked battery system, characterized in that, Including those set in each battery module connected in series: The input connector is connected to the output connector in the preceding battery module. The output connector is connected to the input connector in the subsequent battery module; Two-contact relays include: The normally closed input terminal contact is connected to the negative cell of the battery module, and the positive cell of the battery module is connected to the input terminal connector of the battery module. The normally closed outgoing contact is directly connected to the output connector of the battery module. The normally open input contact is directly connected to the input connector of the battery module. The normally open output contact is directly connected to the output connector of the battery module. Coil input terminal and coil output terminal; The battery control unit, connected to the input connector and output connector of the battery module, and the coil input and output terminals of the dual-contact relay, includes: The bypass control module monitors in real time whether the operating parameters of the battery module meet the preset parameter range. If not, it energizes the coil of the double-contact relay through the coil input and coil output terminals, causing the double-contact relay to switch from the normally closed state to the normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing the battery module.

2. The fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked battery system for energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each battery module of the energy storage series-stacked battery system: When the dual-contact relay is in the normally closed state, the current flows in through the input connector of the battery module, through the positive and negative cells of the battery module, and through the normally closed input and output contacts of the dual-contact relay to the output connector of the battery module. When the dual-contact relay is in the normally open state, the current flows in through the input connector of the battery module, through the normally open input contact, normally open output contact and normally closed output contact of the dual-contact relay, and to the output connector of the battery module.

3. The fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked battery system for energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery modules in the energy storage series stacked battery system are connected in series using a daisy-chain communication method.

4. The fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked battery system for energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery control unit also includes: The communication control module is connected to the battery management unit in the energy storage series stacked battery system. When the battery module in which it is located is bypassed, the battery management unit sends a bypass instruction to the battery control unit in the battery module so that the battery control unit sends a high-level signal to cut off the analog switch path in the communication control module, causing the communication control module to enter a sleep state. This allows the previous communication control module connected to the communication control module to communicate directly with the next communication control module, bypassing the communication control module from the communication loop.

5. The fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked battery system for energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery control unit also includes a SOC balancing module for: The system acquires the remaining capacity of all battery modules in a series-stacked energy storage battery system in real time, calculates the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules, and compares it with a preset difference threshold. If the difference in remaining power between any two battery modules is less than the preset maximum difference threshold, the battery modules will operate normally. If the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules is not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, then determine whether the current energy storage series-stacked battery system is in a charging or discharging state: If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a charging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the highest remaining power will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference between the remaining power of the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than the preset minimum difference threshold, then it will be restored to the normally closed state. If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a discharging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the lowest remaining power is adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference in remaining power between the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than a preset minimum difference threshold. Then, the dual-contact relay is restored to the normally closed state.

6. The fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked battery system for energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the difference in remaining charge between any two battery modules is detected to be not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, the dual-contact relay in the corresponding battery module is adjusted from a normally closed state to a normally open state within the maximum allowable time window; the maximum allowable time window is 10 seconds.

7. The fault bypass control device based on a series-stacked battery system for energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery control unit also includes a battery parameter detection module for: Real-time monitoring of the battery module's current operating voltage and / or temperature, compared with preset voltage and / or temperature ranges: If the current operating voltage of the battery module exceeds the preset voltage range and / or the current operating temperature exceeds the preset temperature range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the current operating voltage and current operating temperature of the battery module return to the preset voltage and preset temperature ranges, at which point the dual-contact relay will be restored to the normally closed state.

8. A control method based on the fault bypass control device for an energy storage series stacked battery system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: Real-time monitoring of multiple operating parameters of each battery module in a series-stacked energy storage battery system, and comparison with corresponding preset parameter ranges: If the current operating parameters do not exceed their corresponding preset parameter range, the battery module will operate normally. If the current operating parameters exceed the corresponding preset parameter range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module is controlled to switch from the normally closed state to the normally open state, cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery module and bypassing the battery module.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the real-time detected operating parameter is the remaining battery module power, it includes: The system acquires the remaining capacity of all battery modules in a series-stacked energy storage battery system in real time, calculates the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules, and compares it with a preset difference threshold. If the difference in remaining power between any two battery modules is less than the preset maximum difference threshold, the battery modules will operate normally. If the difference in remaining capacity between any two battery modules is not less than a preset maximum difference threshold, then determine whether the current energy storage series-stacked battery system is in a charging or discharging state: If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a charging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the highest remaining power will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference between the remaining power of the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than the preset minimum difference threshold, then it will be restored to the normally closed state. If the current energy storage series stacked battery system is in a discharging state, the dual-contact relay in the battery module with the lowest remaining power is adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the difference in remaining power between the battery module with the normally open dual-contact relay and any battery module in the energy storage series stacked battery system is not greater than a preset minimum difference threshold. Then, the dual-contact relay is restored to the normally closed state.

10. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the real-time monitored operating parameters are the battery module operating voltage and / or temperature, they include: Real-time acquisition of the current operating voltage and / or temperature of all battery modules in the energy storage series stacked battery system, and comparison with preset voltage and / or temperature ranges: If the current operating voltage and / or current operating temperature of the battery module does not exceed the preset voltage range and / or preset temperature range, the battery module will operate normally. If the current operating voltage and / or current operating temperature of the battery module exceeds the preset voltage range and / or preset temperature range, the dual-contact relay in the battery module will be adjusted from the normally closed state to the normally open state until the current operating voltage and current operating temperature of the battery module return to the preset voltage range and preset temperature range, at which point the dual-contact relay will be restored to the normally closed state.

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