Tower type trapping box device for direct air trapping

Abstract

The invention provides a tower-type trapping box device for direct air trapping, which belongs to the technical field of trapping box devices and integrates equipment of a tower-type trapping box system for direct air trapping into a designed area by utilizing a chimney effect. Due to the fact that heat can be generated during operation of equipment of the tower type trapping box system for direct air trapping, a temperature difference is formed inside and outside a chimney, heat convection is triggered, and air convection airflow can be generated at an inlet of a box body of the tower type trapping box system for direct air trapping so as to drive air to circulate. Therefore, a fan does not need to be additionally arranged at the rear end of the box body of the trapping box for exhausting air for 0.1-1 hour, the energy consumption of the box body of the trapping box is greatly reduced, and the energy-saving effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of trapping box devices, specifically relating to a tower-type trapping box device for direct air capture. Background Technology

[0002] Direct air capture (DAC) is an emerging technology that extracts carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere through physical or chemical adsorption. The captured carbon dioxide can be permanently sequestered geologically or used in industrial applications such as synthetic fuels. The technical approaches can be divided into two types: liquid adsorption (using solutions such as hydroxides or amines) and solid adsorption (using porous, particulate, or corrugated materials).

[0003] Regarding direct air capture, as mentioned in the prior art in patent publication number "CN118491267A", direct air capture is mainly accomplished by a collection box. That is to say, the working principle of direct air capture requires air to be captured inside each collection box. The conventional practice is to install a fan in the collection box to exhaust air for 0.1 to 1 hour, but this will generate considerable energy consumption, with a single energy consumption often reaching 10.8 kWh to 11.2 kWh, making the collection box very energy-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a tower-type trapping box device for direct air capture (DAC). Utilizing the chimney effect, the equipment of the DAC tower-type trapping box system is integrated into a designed area. Because the operation of the DAC tower-type trapping box system generates heat, creating a temperature difference with the chimney and triggering thermal convection, air convection airflow is generated at the inlet of the DAC tower-type trapping box system, thus promoting air circulation. Therefore, there is no need to install a fan at the rear of the trapping box for 0.1 to 1 hour of ventilation, greatly reducing the energy consumption of the trapping box and achieving good energy-saving effects.

[0005] The present invention employs the following technical solution.

[0006] A tower-type capture box device for direct air capture, comprising:

[0007] Tower-type trap system for direct air capture and chimney located on top of tower-type trap system for direct air capture;

[0008] A tower trap system for direct air capture includes a trap housing and equipment. The equipment is used to create a temperature difference inside and outside the chimney, and to generate air convection by utilizing the chimney effect. Air convection airflow is generated at the inlet of the tower trap system for direct air capture.

[0009] Furthermore, the equipment used in tower-type capture box systems for direct air capture includes vacuum pumps.

[0010] Furthermore, equipment used in tower-type capture box systems for direct air capture includes heat pumps.

[0011] Furthermore, the chimney has a structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, the chimney height is 30 to 50 meters, the diameter of the top of chimney 1 is 3 to 5 meters, and the diameter of the bottom of chimney is 5 to 10 meters.

[0013] Furthermore, the chimney adopts a hyperbolic cooling tower structure design.

[0014] Furthermore, the collection box is composed of several layers stacked in the four directions of front, back, left, and right. The stacked layers in the four directions enclose the box, and the middle part of the enclosed structure is a hollow structure. The top of the hollow structure is covered with a cover plate, and the bottom of the chimney has a cover plate that communicates with the interior of the hollow structure. The entrance of the box faces the hollow structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the hollow structure contains a collection box.

[0016] Furthermore, the number of boxes is 2 or 4, with a total of 6 boxes arranged side by side in each direction on each layer. At the outlet of each of the 6 boxes, there is a sealing door placed on a slide rail that can close the outlet of 3 boxes. The sealing door is connected to a linear push rod connected to the controller. The controller controls the linear push rod to move so that the sealing door opens the outlet of 3 boxes for ventilation each time, while the sealing door closes the outlet of 3 boxes for adsorption.

[0017] Furthermore, the closed door is moved once every one to two hours.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows, compared with the prior art:

[0019] This invention includes: a tower-type trapping box system for direct air capture and a chimney located at the top of the tower-type trapping box system for direct air capture; the tower-type trapping box system for direct air capture includes a trapping box housing and equipment, the equipment being used to create a temperature difference inside and outside the chimney, utilizing the chimney effect to generate air convection, thereby inducing thermal convection, and air convection airflow is generated at the inlet of the trapping box housing for direct air capture, thus driving air circulation. This invention is beneficial for creating a pressure difference through thermal convection, thereby driving ventilation of the trapping box housing and generating air intake volume. The 60° temperature difference formed by the 4-layer structure can produce a relatively good effect, with a single housing capable of a ventilation volume of 30,000 m³ / h, while the actual required flow rate is 83,000 m³ / h, which can reduce energy consumption by approximately 35%. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the tower-type capture box device for direct air capture in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a tower-type capture box device for direct air capture includes:

[0023] Tower-type trap system for direct air capture and chimney 1 located on top of tower-type trap system for direct air capture;

[0024] The tower trap system for direct air capture includes a trap housing 2 and equipment. The equipment is used to create a temperature difference inside and outside the chimney, and to generate air convection by utilizing the chimney effect, thereby inducing thermal convection. Air convection airflow is generated at the inlet of the tower trap system for direct air capture, thereby driving air circulation.

[0025] As a pre-processing unit, the collection box removes particulate matter and impurities from the air through physical interception (stainless steel filter) and chemical inactivation (water mist / inert gas), ensuring the stability of subsequent carbon capture materials.

[0026] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the equipment for the tower-type capture box system for direct air capture includes a vacuum pump.

[0027] The main function of a vacuum pump is to extract the residual air inside the equipment after the adsorption process is completed, and to extract the carbon dioxide and water vapor released during the heating and desorption process.

[0028] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the equipment for the tower-type capture box system for direct air capture includes a heat pump.

[0029] The stable heat flow output by the heat pump, combined with the low-pressure environment of the vacuum pump, enables efficient desorption of the adsorbent at low temperature and low pressure, avoiding the huge energy consumption of high-temperature regeneration at 900℃ (such as alkaline solution processes).

[0030] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the chimney 1 has a structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom.

[0031] Chimneys that are wider at the bottom than at the top (i.e., a structure that is wider at the bottom than at the top) have the following advantages:

[0032] Enhanced stability: The wide base of the chimney increases the supporting area, lowers the overall center of gravity, and effectively prevents overturning due to wind or earthquakes. This design improves structural stability, ensuring it remains stable even in severe weather.

[0033] Optimizing air delivery efficiency: A larger bottom diameter increases the airflow area, while a gradually narrowing top maintains or increases airflow velocity, thereby enhancing the chimney's draft (i.e., air delivery capacity). Increased flow velocity reduces backflow and maintains negative pressure in the furnace.

[0034] Saving on material costs: A structure that is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top can reduce the amount of steel or concrete used, thus lowering construction costs. For example, chimneys often use this design to balance mechanical performance and economy.

[0035] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the chimney 1 has a height of 30 to 50 meters, a diameter of 3 to 5 meters at the top, and a diameter of 5 to 10 meters at the bottom.

[0036] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the chimney 1 adopts a hyperbolic cooling tower structure design.

[0037] Chimney 1 utilizes a cooling tower structure, saving land and reducing construction costs. Furthermore, its durable structure reduces the need for frequent maintenance, resulting in more economical long-term operation.

[0038] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the box 2 of the collection box is a box composed of several layers stacked in the four directions of front, back, left and right. The box composed of several layers stacked in the four directions of front, back, left and right is enclosed. The middle part of the enclosed structure is a hollow structure. The top of the hollow structure is covered with a cover plate. The bottom of the chimney 1 is provided with a cover plate that communicates with the interior of the hollow structure. The entrance of the box faces the hollow structure.

[0039] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, a device having a collection box disposed inside a hollow structure is provided.

[0040] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the number of layers of the box is 2 or 4, and each layer has a total of 6 boxes arranged side by side in each direction. The outlet of each of the 6 boxes is provided with a sealing door placed on a slide rail that can close the outlet of 3 boxes. The sealing door is connected to a linear push rod connected to a controller. The controller controls the linear push rod to move so that the sealing door opens the outlet of 3 boxes for ventilation each time, and at the same time closes the outlet of 3 boxes for adsorption. The sealing door can be displaced.

[0041] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the closed door is moved once every one to two hours.

[0042] This invention facilitates the creation of a pressure differential through thermal convection, thereby driving ventilation within the tower-type air capture system used for direct air capture and generating air intake. Specific experimental results are shown in the table below:

[0043]

[0044] As shown in the table above, the 60° temperature difference created by the 4-layer structure can produce a relatively good effect. A single unit can have a ventilation volume of 30,000 m³ / h, while the actual required flow rate is 83,000 m³ / h, which can reduce energy consumption by about 35%.

[0045] Furthermore, in direct air capture systems, temperature monitoring of the capture chamber is a key parameter for evaluating its operational status and adsorption performance. Existing detection methods typically place a temperature sensor at both the inlet and outlet of the capture chamber and sample at a fixed interval (e.g., every 10 seconds). However, temperature changes are rapid and non-linear during system start-up and shutdown, adsorption / regeneration mode switching, or sudden changes in environmental conditions. Insufficient sampling frequency will lead to the omission of crucial temperature change information, affecting the real-time performance and accuracy of the system control strategy.

[0046] With improvements, this invention also provides an improved method for detecting the temperature of a collection box, which overcomes the problem of dynamic response lag caused by insufficient sampling frequency in the prior art, and improves the real-time performance of temperature detection and the control accuracy of the controller.

[0047] The method proposed in this invention includes the following steps:

[0048] High-frequency temperature data acquisition: Use high-sampling-rate temperature sensors or increase the data acquisition frequency of existing sensors so that the temperature sampling period is less than the system thermal response time constant;

[0049] Dynamic response triggering mechanism: When the system operation mode is switched or the temperature change rate is detected to exceed the set threshold, it automatically switches to high sampling frequency mode to capture the temperature change process.

[0050] Temperature change feature extraction: Sliding window standard deviation analysis or wavelet transform method is used to extract key time nodes of temperature change from high-frequency acquired temperature data;

[0051] Temperature feedback control optimization: Based on the extracted temperature change characteristics, the operating parameters of the collection box (such as airflow rate and heating / cooling power) are dynamically adjusted to improve the system response speed and control accuracy.

[0052] Data compression and storage (optional): During non-critical operation phases, data compression algorithms are used to reduce storage load while ensuring the integrity of critical temperature change data.

[0053] This method improves the real-time performance and stability of the collection box's operation control by increasing the sampling frequency and dynamic response capability of temperature detection.

[0054] In this embodiment, multiple temperature sensors connected to the controller are arranged at both the inlet and outlet of the collection box, forming a distributed detection array. The temperature sensors are high-precision, low-latency digital temperature sensors (such as the DS18B20), with a maximum sampling frequency of 1Hz (i.e., once per second). However, in traditional detection methods, to reduce data storage and transmission load, the controller only samples the temperature at a fixed period (e.g., every 10 seconds), resulting in a sampling frequency far lower than the thermal response time constant of the temperature sensor (typically within 30 seconds). For example, during a single adsorption / regeneration mode switch, the inlet temperature rises from T1 = 25.4℃ to T2 = 32.1℃ in 20 seconds. If the sampling period is 10 seconds, the controller only records two temperature points, failing to reflect the slope and key turning points of the temperature change.

[0055]

[0056] If the sampling frequency is 1Hz, the system can record 20 temperature points, thus capturing the temperature change process more accurately. This embodiment further employs a sliding window standard deviation analysis method to calculate the temperature change fluctuation σ:

[0057]

[0058] in, The average temperature within the window is denoted by N, and the window length is denoted by N (e.g., 10 sampling points). By setting a standard deviation threshold (e.g., σ > 0.5℃), the controller can automatically identify periods of drastic temperature changes and switch to a high sampling frequency mode during these periods, while reverting to a lower sampling frequency during steady-state periods to reduce storage and computational load.

[0059] Furthermore, this embodiment introduces a dynamic response triggering mechanism. When the controller switches operating modes (e.g., adsorption / regeneration switching) or detects a temperature change rate exceeding a set threshold (e.g., ΔT / Δt > 0.3℃ / s), the controller automatically switches to a high sampling frequency mode to ensure that critical temperature change processes are fully recorded. For example, during the initiation of a regeneration process, the outlet temperature rises from T1 = 28.3℃ to T2 = 34.7℃ within 5 seconds, with a change rate of:

[0060]

[0061] If the sampling frequency is 1Hz, the controller can record 5 temperature points, thus accurately reflecting the temperature rise curve. However, if the sampling frequency is 0.1Hz (i.e., once every 10 seconds), the controller will only record two temperature points, failing to reflect the dynamic process of temperature change.

[0062] To improve the representativeness of temperature detection and the accuracy of system control, this embodiment further employs a multi-point fusion temperature calculation method. Based on data from all temperature points at the inlet and outlet, a weighted average method is used to construct a multi-point fusion temperature index:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, T i For the temperature at each measuring point, ω i The corresponding weights can be optimized based on flow field simulation results or measured data. This fused temperature can more accurately reflect the overall temperature state of the collection box, providing a more reliable feedback signal for controller control.

[0065] In summary, this embodiment effectively solves the problem that existing detection methods cannot capture temperature changes in a timely manner during controller operation state switching by increasing the sampling frequency of temperature detection and introducing a dynamic response triggering mechanism, thereby improving the real-time performance and stability of the collection box operation control.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tower-type capture box device for direct air capture, characterized in that, include: Tower-type trap system for direct air capture and chimney located on top of tower-type trap system for direct air capture; A tower trap system for direct air capture includes a trap housing and equipment. The equipment is used to create a temperature difference inside and outside the chimney, and to generate air convection by utilizing the chimney effect. Air convection airflow is generated at the inlet of the tower trap system for direct air capture.

2. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Equipment for tower-type capture box systems used for direct air capture includes vacuum pumps.

3. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 2, characterized in that, Equipment used in tower-type capture box systems for direct air capture includes heat pumps.

4. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 3, characterized in that, Chimneys have a structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom.

5. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The chimney is 30 to 50 meters high, the diameter of the top of the chimney is 3 to 5 meters, and the diameter of the bottom of the chimney is 5 to 10 meters.

6. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The chimney adopts a hyperbolic cooling tower structure design.

7. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The trap box is made up of several layers stacked in the four directions of front, back, left and right. The stacked layers in the four directions enclose the trap box, and the middle part of the enclosed structure is hollow. The top of the hollow structure is covered with a cover plate. The bottom of the chimney has a cover plate that communicates with the inside of the hollow structure. The entrance of the trap box faces the hollow structure.

8. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The device has a collection box installed inside the hollow structure.

9. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 8, characterized in that, The box has 2 or 4 layers, with a total of 6 boxes arranged side by side in each direction on each layer. At the exit of each of the 6 boxes, there is a sealing door placed on a slide rail that can close the exit of 3 boxes. The sealing door is connected to a linear push rod connected to the controller. The controller controls the linear push rod to move so that the sealing door opens the exit of 3 boxes for ventilation each time, while the sealing door closes the exit of 3 boxes for adsorption.

10. The tower-type capture box device for direct air capture according to claim 9, characterized in that, The closed door should be moved every one to two hours.

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