Thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust for steam turbine

Abstract

The invention provides a steam turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust, which comprises a bearing seat, a bearing body and a steam turbine rotor are arranged in the bearing seat, a thrust disc is arranged on the steam turbine rotor, thrust bearings are arranged between two sides of the thrust disc and the bearing seat in a mirror image manner, and each thrust bearing comprises a bearing body, a thrust plate and a thrust plate, axial thrust generated during operation of a steam turbine is supplied to the thrust bearing through the thrust disc and is sequentially supplied to the tile mounting rings, the mounting ring bosses on the tile mounting rings are tightly attached to the bearing body, and certain elastic deformation is generated in the grooves between the mounting ring bosses, so that the bearing body is prevented from being damaged. When the turbine runs, the strain gauge in the strain detector detects the deformation, the stress detection system can process a signal detected by the strain detector to obtain the axial thrust, and the thrust value is displayed in real time, so that the axial thrust can be measured and monitored in real time when the turbine runs, and the safe running of the turbine under various working conditions is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of steam turbines, and particularly relates to a steam turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key power equipment of thermal power plants, the working process of a steam turbine is that high-temperature and high-pressure steam pushes a rotor to rotate at high speed after being accelerated by a nozzle group and a diaphragm, thereby driving a generator to work and realizing the conversion of high-temperature and high-pressure steam heat energy into electric energy. In this process, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam flows along the axial direction of the steam turbine, which causes the rotor to be subjected to a certain axial thrust. To balance the thrust, in addition to the reverse flow arrangement of the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder and the setting of a balance drum, a thrust bearing also needs to be provided during the design of the steam turbine. The main functions of the thrust bearing are as follows: one is to serve as a relative dead point for fixing the axial position of the rotor and the stationary part of the steam turbine; and the other is to bear the axial thrust generated during the operation of the rotor, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the steam turbine under various load conditions. Since the axial thrust may be too large during the operation of the steam turbine, the temperature of the thrust bearing may be too high, and even the bearing bush may be broken, thereby causing the rotor and the stationary part to collide and rub, and thus causing serious damage to the steam turbine. Therefore, the monitoring of the thrust bearing is very important.

[0003] At present, the existing steam turbine mainly relies on the monitoring of the temperature of the bearing bush of the thrust pad to determine whether the thrust bearing is within the bearable range. In order to ensure the safe operation of the unit, when the temperature of the pad is higher than the set value, the monitoring system will issue an alarm and a shutdown signal. However, this method cannot measure and determine the real data of the thrust value during the operation of the rotor, which brings hidden dangers to the safe operation of the unit. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the problems in the prior art or related art.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a steam turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust, which comprises a bearing seat, a bearing body and a steam turbine rotor arranged in the bearing seat, a thrust disc arranged on the steam turbine rotor, positive thrust bearings and negative thrust bearings arranged on both sides of the thrust disc and between the thrust disc and the bearing seat, the positive thrust bearings and the negative thrust bearings are sleeved in the bearing seat, the positive thrust bearings and the negative thrust bearings are the same in structure, and the positive thrust bearings comprise:

[0006] A pad mounting ring, mounting ring bosses are arranged at intervals on the side of the pad mounting ring facing the bearing seat, grooves are arranged between the mounting ring bosses, and strain detectors are arranged in the grooves;

[0007] Thrust pads, the thrust pads are arranged on the side of the pad mounting ring away from the mounting ring bosses, and the thrust pads are located between the pad mounting ring and the thrust disc.

[0008] A stress measurement system is connected with the strain detector, and is used to convert the deformation of the strain detector into a thrust value.

[0009] Optionally, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are arranged in the groove and along the radial direction of the groove, and the strain detector is arranged between the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib.

[0010] Optionally, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib have the same height, and the height of the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib is less than the height of the mounting ring boss.

[0011] Optionally, the height of the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib is 3mm-5mm less than the height of the mounting ring boss.

[0012] Optionally, the number of the thrust pads is multiple, and the thrust pads are detachably arranged on the side of the pad mounting ring away from the mounting ring boss.

[0013] Optionally, the pad mounting ring is provided with an inner mounting hole and an outer mounting hole on the side away from the mounting ring boss, the thrust pad is provided with an inner mounting hole and an outer mounting hole, and a mounting pin is arranged between the inner mounting hole of the pad mounting ring and the inner mounting hole of the thrust pad and between the outer mounting hole of the pad mounting ring and the outer mounting hole of the thrust pad.

[0014] Optionally, the thrust pad is provided with a pad support block on the side facing the pad mounting ring.

[0015] Optionally, the strain detector is a resistance strain gauge.

[0016] Optionally, the pad mounting ring, the mounting ring boss, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are integrally formed.

[0017] Optionally, the positive thrust bearing and the negative thrust bearing are further provided with a resistance temperature detector.

[0018] Advantages

[0019] The turbine thrust bearing with measurable axial thrust provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects: the axial thrust generated during the operation of the turbine is given to the thrust bearing through the thrust disc, and then to the thrust pad mounting ring, the mounting ring protrusions on the thrust pad mounting ring are closely attached to the bearing body, and a certain elastic deformation is generated in the grooves between the mounting ring protrusions, the strain gauge in the strain detector detects the deformation, the stress detection system processes the signal detected by the strain detector to obtain the axial thrust, and the thrust value is displayed in real time, so that the real-time measurement and monitoring of the axial thrust during the operation of the turbine can be realized, and the safe operation of the turbine under various working conditions can be ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the thrust bearing of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the thrust pad mounting ring of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the thrust pad of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the bearing seat of the present application.

[0024] The reference signs are as follows:

[0025] 1, bearing seat; 2, bearing body; 3, turbine rotor; 4, thrust disc; 5, positive thrust bearing; 6, negative thrust bearing; 7, thrust pad mounting ring; 8, mounting ring protrusion; 9, groove; 10, strain detector; 11, thrust pad; 12, first reinforcing rib; 13, second reinforcing rib; 14, mounting pin; 15, mounting hole in mounting ring; 16, mounting hole outside mounting ring; 17, mounting hole in thrust pad; 18, mounting hole outside thrust pad; 19, thrust pad support block; 20, resistance temperature detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inner”, “outer”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise” and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and do not connote or imply relative importance or a number of features being referred to. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" or "third" can include, explicitly or implicitly, one or more of such features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise.

[0028] In the present application, unless specifically defined and limited otherwise, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0030] For reference Figures 1-4 As shown in the drawings, according to the embodiments of the present application, a thrust bearing for steam turbine with measurable axial thrust is provided, which comprises a bearing seat 1, a bearing body 2 and a steam turbine rotor 3 are arranged in the bearing seat 1, a thrust disc 4 is arranged on the steam turbine rotor 3, a positive thrust bearing 5 and a negative thrust bearing 6 are arranged between the two sides of the thrust disc 4 and the bearing seat 1 respectively, the positive thrust bearing 5 and the negative thrust bearing 6 are both sleeved in the bearing seat 1, the positive thrust bearing 5 and the negative thrust bearing 6 are the same structure, the positive thrust bearing 5 comprises:

[0031] A tile mounting ring 7 is arranged on the side of the bearing seat 1, mounting ring bosses 8 are arranged at intervals between the tile mounting ring 7, grooves 9 are arranged between the mounting ring bosses 8, and strain detectors 10 are arranged in the grooves 9;

[0032] A thrust tile 11 is arranged on the side of the tile mounting ring 7 away from the mounting ring boss 8, and the thrust tile 11 is located between the tile mounting ring 7 and the thrust disc 4;

[0033] A stress measurement system is connected with the strain detector 10, which is used to convert the deformation of the strain detector 10 into a thrust value.

[0034] Specifically, the bearing seat 1 is used to provide a mounting base for the bearing body 2, the steam turbine rotor 3, the thrust disc 4, the positive thrust bearing 5 and the negative thrust bearing 6, the positive thrust bearing 5 and the negative thrust bearing 6 are respectively mounted between the thrust disc 4 and the bearing seat 1, and the positive thrust bearing 5 and the negative thrust bearing 6 are the same structure, during the rotation of the steam turbine rotor 3, the axial thrust is generated, the axial thrust is given to the positive thrust bearing 5 or the negative thrust bearing 6 through the thrust disc 4, the thrust is generated on the positive thrust bearing 5 or the negative thrust bearing 6, the thrust is given to the pad mounting ring 7 through the thrust pad 11, at this time, the mounting ring boss 8 on the pad mounting ring 7 is tightly attached to the bearing body 2, so that a certain elastic deformation is generated in the groove 9 between the mounting ring bosses 8, the strain detector 10 detects the deformation, the signal detected by the strain detector 10 is transmitted to the stress detection system through the lead wire, the stress detection system is composed of a signal conditioning module, an A / D converter and a data processing unit. The signal conditioning module amplifies, filters and eliminates noise interference of the signal from the strain detector 10; the A / D converter converts the analog signal into a digital signal; the data processing unit converts the strain value into the corresponding axial thrust through the built-in calibration algorithm, and displays the thrust value in real time, so that the real-time measurement and monitoring of the thrust during the operation of the steam turbine can be realized.

[0035] Among them, the strain detectors 10 are multiple, and are installed in the grooves 9 between the mounting ring bosses 8 at intervals, so that the thrust values at different positions of the thrust bearing can be detected, the staff can analyze the thrust values at different positions, and the average axial thrust value of the whole thrust bearing can be calculated according to the thrust values at each point.

[0036] Among them, the stress detection system also has an over-limit alarm function, when the axial thrust exceeds the preset threshold value, an audible and visual alarm is given to remind the operator, so that the abnormal working condition during the operation of the steam turbine can be avoided to cause damage to the steam turbine.

[0037] Among them, the strain detectors 10 can be arranged in an array, the average value is obtained by processing the data detected by the multiple strain detectors 10, the accidental error of single-point measurement can be eliminated, and the axial thrust measurement accuracy is improved.

[0038] Combined with Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 are arranged in the groove 9 and along the radial direction thereof, and the strain detector 10 is located between the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13.

[0039] Specifically, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 are further arranged in the groove 9, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 are arranged along the radial direction of the tile mounting ring 7, the strain detector 10 is located between the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13, the first reinforcing rib 12 is close to the inner side of the groove 9, and the second reinforcing rib 13 is close to the outer side of the groove 9, so that the two-way support of the bottom of the groove 9 is formed. When the axial thrust is unevenly distributed in the radial direction, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 balance the load difference by deforming themselves, so that the strain detector 10 is always in a uniform stress area, and the consistency of the measurement data is ensured. Through the arrangement of the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13, the structural strength and the measurement accuracy are doubled without affecting the original function of the tile mounting ring 7.

[0040] For reference Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 have the same height, and the height of the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 is less than the height of the mounting ring boss 8.

[0041] The height of the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 is less than the height of the mounting ring boss 8 by 3mm-5mm.

[0042] Specifically, when the thrust disc 4 applies an axial thrust to the positive thrust bearing 5 or the negative thrust bearing 6, the axial thrust is transmitted to the tile mounting ring 7 through the thrust tile 11, the mounting ring boss 8 is in contact with the bearing body 2, and the height of the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 is less than the height of the mounting ring boss 8, so that when the mounting ring boss 8 is in contact with the bearing body 2, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 will not be in contact with the bearing body 2, the elastic deformation of the groove 9 is realized, and space is provided for the axial thrust measurement. At the same time, when the axial thrust is overloaded, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13 can provide secondary support for the tile mounting ring 7, so as to avoid the situation that the deformation of the groove 9 is too large due to the overload of the axial thrust, and the strain detector 10 is damaged.

[0043] For reference Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, the number of thrust tiles 11 is multiple, and the thrust tiles 11 are detachably arranged on the side of the tile mounting ring 7 away from the mounting ring boss 8.

[0044] Further comprising a mounting pin 14, the tile mounting ring 7 is provided with a mounting ring inner mounting hole 15 and a mounting ring outer mounting hole 16 on the side away from the mounting ring boss 8, the thrust tile 11 is provided with a tile inner mounting hole 17 and a tile outer mounting hole 18, and the mounting pin 14 is arranged between the mounting ring inner mounting hole 15 and the tile inner mounting hole 17 and between the mounting ring outer mounting hole 16 and the tile outer mounting hole 18.

[0045] Specifically, the number of thrust pads 11 is set to be multiple, uniformly distributed along the circumference of the pad mounting ring 7, and a gap is reserved between adjacent thrust pads 11. This distribution allows the axial thrust to be evenly distributed to each thrust pad 11, reducing the load on each pad and effectively preventing local overload from causing wear or melting. At the same time, the existence of the gap provides space for the thermal expansion of the thrust pad 11, preventing deformation due to expansion and extrusion between the thrust pads 11 when the temperature of the turbine increases, ensuring that the oil film is not disturbed.

[0046] The thrust pad 11 is detachably arranged on the pad mounting ring 7 and is positioned and firmly connected to the pad mounting ring 7 by the mounting pin 14. The pad mounting ring 7 is provided with an inner mounting hole 15 and an outer mounting hole 16 on the side away from the mounting ring boss 8, and the corresponding positions of the thrust pad 11 are provided with an inner pad mounting hole 17 and an outer pad mounting hole 18. The inner mounting hole 15 of the pad mounting ring 7 corresponds to the inner pad mounting hole 17 of the thrust pad 11, and the outer mounting hole 16 of the pad mounting ring 7 corresponds to the outer pad mounting hole 18 of the thrust pad 11. The mounting pin 14 is installed between the inner mounting hole 15 of the pad mounting ring 7 and the inner pad mounting hole 17 of the thrust pad 11, and between the outer mounting hole 16 of the pad mounting ring 7 and the outer pad mounting hole 18 of the thrust pad 11, thereby achieving stable connection between the thrust pad 11 and the pad mounting ring 7. The detachable arrangement facilitates maintenance and replacement of the thrust pad 11. When a piece of thrust pad 11 is worn or damaged, the pad mounting ring 7 does not need to be disassembled as a whole, and only the damaged thrust pad 11 needs to be replaced, thereby saving replacement costs and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0047] For reference Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, the thrust pad is provided with a pad support block 19 on the side facing the pad mounting ring.

[0048] Specifically, the pad support block 19 provided on the side of the thrust pad 11 facing the pad mounting ring 7 can transmit the thrust received by the thrust pad 11 to the pad mounting ring 7, and the plane of the pad support block 19 is in full contact with the pad mounting ring 7.

[0049] For reference Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the strain detector 10 is a resistance strain gauge.

[0050] Specifically, the strain detector 10 is a resistance strain gauge, which can be closely attached to the arc surface at the bottom of the groove 9 after installation. It has the characteristics of high sensitivity and small size, which facilitates its installation and use. When the axial thrust is transmitted to the pad mounting ring 7 through the thrust pad 11, the groove 9 of the pad mounting ring 7 will produce a slight deformation under the action of the axial thrust, and its resistance value will change accordingly. The signal is transmitted to the stress measurement system through the wire, realizing stable and rapid measurement.

[0051] For reference Figure 1As shown, the tile mounting ring 7 is integrally formed with the mounting ring boss 8, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13.

[0052] Specifically, by the integrally formed structure of the tile mounting ring 7, the mounting ring boss 8, the first reinforcing rib 12 and the second reinforcing rib 13, seamless connection of each component is realized through the forging process, eliminating the stress concentration points that may exist in the traditional splicing structure, and improving the carrying capacity and fatigue life of the overall structure.

[0053] For reference Figure 1 As shown, the positive thrust bearing 5 is also provided with a resistance temperature detector 20.

[0054] Specifically, the resistance thermometer provided on the turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring the axial thrust can monitor the temperature near the gold layer of the thrust tile 11, and is a temperature measuring element for ensuring the safe operation of the thrust tile 11. It can capture the temperature change of the gold layer in real time, provide accurate temperature data for the operator, and timely warn potential overheating risks. In cooperation with the thrust measurement, the axial thrust is ensured within the range that the thrust bearing can withstand, to ensure the safe and stable operation of the turbine.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, a number of improvements and modifications can be made, which should be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A thrust bearing for a steam turbine capable of measuring axial thrust, comprising a bearing housing (1), wherein a bearing body (2) and a steam turbine rotor (3) are disposed within the bearing housing (1), a thrust disk (4) is disposed on the steam turbine rotor (3), a positive thrust bearing (5) and a negative thrust bearing (6) are respectively disposed between the two sides of the thrust disk (4) and the bearing housing (1), the positive thrust bearing (5) and the negative thrust bearing (6) are both sleeved within the bearing housing (1), and the positive thrust bearing (5) and the negative thrust bearing (6) have the same structure, characterized in that, The thrust bearing (5) includes: The tile mounting ring (7) has mounting ring bosses (8) spaced apart on the side facing the bearing seat (1), and grooves (9) are opened between the mounting ring bosses (8), and strain detectors (10) are installed in the grooves (9); Thrust pad (11), the thrust pad (11) is disposed on the side of the pad mounting ring (7) away from the mounting ring boss (8), the thrust pad (11) is located between the pad mounting ring (7) and the thrust plate (4); A stress measurement system, which is connected to the strain detector (10), is used to convert the deformation of the strain detector (10) into a thrust value.

2. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove (9) is provided with a first reinforcing rib (12) and a second reinforcing rib (13) in its radial direction, and the strain detector (10) is located between the first reinforcing rib (12) and the second reinforcing rib (13).

3. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first reinforcing rib (12) and the second reinforcing rib (13) have the same height, and the height of the first reinforcing rib (12) and the second reinforcing rib (13) is less than the height of the mounting ring boss (8).

4. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heights of the first reinforcing rib (12) and the second reinforcing rib (13) are both 3mm-5mm less than the height of the mounting ring boss (8).

5. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of thrust pads (11) is multiple, and the thrust pads (11) are detachably disposed on the side of the pad mounting ring (7) away from the mounting ring boss (8).

6. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting pin (14). The tile mounting ring (7) has an inner mounting hole (15) and an outer mounting hole (16) on the side away from the mounting ring boss (8). The thrust tile (11) has an inner mounting hole (17) and an outer mounting hole (18). A mounting pin (14) is provided between the inner mounting hole (15) and the inner mounting hole (17) of the tile and between the outer mounting hole (16) and the outer mounting hole (18) of the tile.

7. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thrust pad (11) is provided with a pad support block (19) on the side facing the pad mounting ring (7).

8. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strain detector (10) is a resistance strain gauge.

9. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tile mounting ring (7), the mounting ring boss (8), the first reinforcing rib (12), and the second reinforcing rib (13) are integrally formed.

10. The turbine thrust bearing capable of measuring axial thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive thrust bearing (5) and the negative thrust bearing (6) are also equipped with resistance temperature detectors (20).

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