Rotary kiln tail sealing structure and rotary kiln applying same

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary kiln tail sealing structure and a rotary kiln applying the rotary kiln tail sealing structure. The problem that the sealing performance of a rotary kiln is insufficient is solved. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure comprises a conical movable ring, the conical movable ring is arranged on a rotary body of the rotary kiln and coaxially connected with the rotary center line of the rotary body, and one port of the conical movable ring is communicated with a feeding port in the tail of the rotary body; the conical fixed ring is arranged on a kiln tail feeding mechanism of the rotary kiln and matched with the conical surface of the conical movable ring in a sleeved mode, and the kiln tail feeding mechanism conveys materials into the feeding port through a feeding channel formed after the conical surface is matched in a sleeved mode; and the annular sealing structure is arranged on a pair of matching surfaces which are arranged between the conical movable ring and the conical fixed ring and are used for realizing sleeving and matching of the conical surfaces. The sealing surface size is reduced, the sealing area is reduced, and the air leakage problem is remarkably reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of industrial kiln, in particular to a rotary kiln tail sealing structure and a rotary kiln using the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] A rotary kiln is an important industrial heat treatment equipment, which is widely used in cement, metallurgy, chemical industry and other industries for sintering, roasting, calcining and other processes of materials, and has the advantages of continuous production, high thermal efficiency, etc. The existing rotary kiln mainly consists of a rotary cylinder, a supporting device (such as a wheel belt, a supporting wheel, etc.), a transmission system (such as a gear, a motor, etc.), a kiln tail feeding device, a kiln head discharging device, a heating device, etc. The rotary cylinder is the core component of the entire rotary kiln, which is installed slightly inclined and in the shape of a cylinder. The wheel belt is installed outside the rotary cylinder, and the supporting wheel is located below the wheel belt to support the weight of the rotary cylinder. The transmission system drives the wheel belt to rotate the rotary cylinder. The kiln tail feeding device is located at the high end (kiln tail) of the rotary cylinder and is provided with a sealing device between the kiln tail feeding device and the kiln tail. The kiln head discharging device is located at the low end (kiln head) of the rotary cylinder and is provided with a sealing device between the kiln head discharging device and the kiln head. The heating device of the external heating type rotary kiln is located outside the rotary cylinder, and the heating device of the internal heating type rotary kiln is located inside the rotary cylinder. The rotary cylinder rotates slowly to make the materials roll forward along the inner wall of the cylinder under the action of gravity, and at the same time, the materials are fully exchanged with the heat source of the heating device. At present, the applicant has the following problems in view of the existing rotary kiln:

[0003] 1) The degree of control of the material flow in the rotary cylinder is low (specifically, mainly embodied in that the material mainly relies on gravity and cylinder rotation to move in the rotary cylinder, and this movement mode is easily affected by various factors, such as the physical properties of the material itself, such as particle size, viscosity, etc., the inclination angle and rotation speed of the kiln body, etc., and as a result, the actual movement track and residence time of the material are difficult to accurately predict and control; therefore, the actual residence time of the material in the kiln may have a large distribution range, and part of the material may have too short residence time, while another part may have too long residence time), which limits the refinement of the heat treatment process, thereby reducing the adaptability of the rotary kiln in processing some special materials. For example, in the production process of activated carbon, the carbonized material needs to be activated, and in order to improve the performance of the activated carbon, the activation process needs to be designed and controlled more finely, and since the degree of control of the carbonized material flow in the rotary cylinder is low, the prospect of using the rotary kiln to realize the fine improvement of the activation process is also limited.

[0004] 2) the sealing performance of the existing rotary kiln is insufficient, and when the rotary kiln is used to treat some special materials, the treatment effect will be affected due to air leakage. For example, in the production process of activated carbon, the raw materials (such as biomass raw materials) need to be carbonized and then activated. In the carbonization stage, the raw materials are required to be isolated from oxygen. If the sealing performance of the rotary kiln is insufficient, oxidation reaction will occur, thereby changing the structure and properties of the carbonized materials and reducing the quality of the activated carbon. In the activation stage, the carbonized materials are often required to be in a positive pressure environment (which can usually increase the porosity and specific surface area of the activated carbon and enhance the adsorption performance of the activated carbon), and if the sealing performance of the rotary kiln is insufficient, the positive pressure environment required for activation cannot meet the set requirements, thereby reducing the quality of the activated carbon. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to improve the structure of the existing rotary kiln and solve the problem of insufficient sealing performance of the rotary kiln.

[0006] In a first aspect, a rotary kiln tail sealing structure is provided, comprising: a conical movable ring arranged on a rotary body of a rotary kiln and coaxially connected with a rotary center line of the rotary body, one end of the conical movable ring being in communication with a feed inlet at a tail of the rotary body; a conical fixed ring arranged on a kiln tail feeding mechanism of the rotary kiln and fitted with a conical surface of the conical movable ring, the kiln tail feeding mechanism forming a feeding channel through the fitting of the conical surface to deliver materials into the feed inlet; and a ring-shaped sealing structure arranged on a pair of fitting surfaces of the conical movable ring and the conical fixed ring to realize the fitting of the conical surface.

[0007] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the rotary kiln tail sealing structure of the first aspect described above, the rotary kiln tail sealing structure further comprises: the kiln tail feeding mechanism comprises a preheating cover and a feed throat, the conical fixed ring is arranged on the preheating cover and communicates with the preheating cover to form a preheating cavity, and the feed throat penetrates the preheating cavity from the outside and extends into the feed inlet.

[0008] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the rotary kiln tail sealing structure of the first aspect described above, the rotary kiln tail sealing structure further comprises: the feed throat penetrates the preheating cavity from top to bottom and then extends into the feed inlet.

[0009] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the rotary kiln tail sealing structure of the first aspect described above, the rotary kiln tail sealing structure further comprises: the ring-shaped sealing structure adopts a contact sealing structure and / or a non-contact sealing structure.

[0010] As an improvement and / or embodiment of the rotary kiln tail sealing structure of the first aspect, the non-contact sealing structure is a labyrinth sealing structure.

[0011] In a second aspect, a rotary kiln is provided, comprising: a rotary body; a kiln tail feeding mechanism for feeding material into a feeding port at the tail of the rotary body; and the rotary body and the kiln tail feeding mechanism are connected by the rotary kiln tail sealing structure of the first aspect.

[0012] As an improvement and / or embodiment of the rotary kiln of the second aspect, the rotary kiln further comprises a spiral material guiding channel, which is located in the rotary body and arranged in a spiral around the rotary center line of the rotary body.

[0013] As an improvement and / or embodiment of the rotary kiln of the second aspect, the rotary kiln further comprises a spiral material guiding channel, which is located in the rotary body and arranged in a spiral around the rotary center line of the rotary body.

[0014] As an improvement and / or embodiment of the rotary kiln of the second aspect, the rotary kiln further comprises a spiral material guiding channel, which is located in the rotary body and arranged in a spiral around the rotary center line of the rotary body.

[0015] As an improvement and / or embodiment of the rotary kiln of the second aspect, the rotary kiln further comprises a spiral material guiding channel, which is located in the rotary body and arranged in a spiral around the rotary center line of the rotary body.

[0016] In the rotary kiln tail sealing structure of the first aspect and the rotary kiln of the second aspect, the conical movable ring and the conical fixed ring are designed to be fitted together by a conical surface, which can reduce the size of the sealing surface, reduce the sealing area, and significantly reduce the air leakage problem. In addition, the conical surface fitting has the functions of self-centering and compensating thermal expansion, so that the conical movable ring and the conical fixed ring can maintain good cooperation during relative rotation.

[0017] The present application will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become apparent from the following description, or will be understood by practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification are included to aid in the understanding of the present application, the implementations of which are illustrated, by way of example, in the

[0019] Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of rotary kiln of embodiment one of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 Structure schematic diagram of rotary kiln of embodiment one of the present application. Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of rotary kiln of embodiment one of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 Structure schematic diagram of rotary kiln of embodiment one of the present application. Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of rotary kiln of embodiment one of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 Structure schematic diagram of rotary kiln of embodiment one of the present application. Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of rotary kiln of embodiment one of the present application.

[0023] In the figure, the marks are: rotary body 1; heating device 2; kiln tail feeding device 3; kiln head discharging device 4; helical material guiding passage 101; rotary cylinder 11; inner helical material guiding plate 111; inner cylinder body 12; gas seal cylinder body 121; first material guiding section 101a; second material guiding section 101b; rotary center line 13; conical movable ring 31; conical fixed ring 32; kiln tail feeding mechanism 33; preheating cover 331; feeding throat 332. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application will be described in connection with the preferred embodiments illustrated in the drawings attached hereto. The skilled person in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. Before the present application is disclosed in connection with the attached drawings, it is to be particularly noted that:

[0025] The technical solutions and technical features provided in each part including the following description can be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. In addition, in the case of possibility, these technical solutions, technical features and related combinations can be given a specific technical subject and protected by a related patent.

[0026] The embodiments of the present application involved in the following description are generally only a part of the embodiments and not all the embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by the skilled person in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of patent protection.

[0027] Regarding the terminology and units in this specification: The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof in this specification, the corresponding claims, and related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. Furthermore, other related terms and units can be reasonably interpreted based on the relevant content provided in this specification.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary kiln in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the internal structure of the rotary kiln after the rotary cylinder has been made transparent. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the rotary drum in the rotary kiln.

[0029] like Figures 1-3 The rotary kiln shown includes a rotating body 1 and a heating device 2, the heating device 2 being located outside the rotating body 1. A kiln tail feed device 3 is provided at the high end (kiln tail) of the rotating body 1, and a kiln head discharge device 4 is provided at the bottom end (kiln head) of the rotating body 1. A kiln tail sealing structure is provided at the kiln tail feed device 3, and a kiln head sealing structure is provided at the kiln head discharge device 4.

[0030] The rotating body 1 has a spiral material guiding channel 101, which is arranged in a spiral shape around the rotation center line of the rotating body 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the rotating body 1 is specifically a rotating cylinder 11; the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 11 is provided with an inner spiral guide plate 111, and the outer contour line of the inner spiral guide plate 111 is attached to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 11, thereby separating the spiral guide channel 101 in the rotating cylinder 11.

[0032] Furthermore, a portion of the cavity formed by the inner contour line of the inner spiral guide plate is fitted with an inner cylinder 12. Specifically, the inner cylinder 12 is a shorter, airtight cylinder 121, and two airtight cylinders 121 are respectively fitted into the cavities formed by the inner contour lines at both ends of the inner spiral guide plate 111 in the axial direction.

[0033] The portion of the spiral material guiding channel 101 that wraps around the airtight cylinder 121 forms a first material guiding section 101a, and the portion of the spiral material guiding channel 101 that does not wrap around the airtight cylinder 121 forms a second material guiding section 101b. The two first material guiding sections 101a are located at opposite ends of the second material guiding section 101b.

[0034] Since the first material guiding section 101a is wrapped around the gas seal cylinder 121, the channel cross section of the first material guiding section 101a is closed. The channel cross section of the second material guiding section 101b is open to the direction of the rotation center line 13 of the rotary cylinder.

[0035] In addition, the pitch of the channel center helix of the first material guiding section 101a is smaller than the pitch of the channel center helix of the second material guiding section 101b.

[0036] When the rotary kiln is in operation, the flowing material in the first material guiding section 101a forms a gas isolation material pile at the bottom of the rotary body 1.

[0037] The "channel cross section" refers to the cross section of the helical material guiding channel that is perpendicular to the direction of the material flow. More specifically, when the part of the helical material guiding channel 101 that is wrapped around the gas seal cylinder 121 forms the first material guiding section 101a, since the gas seal cylinder 121 closes the edge of the corresponding channel cross section that faces the rotation center line 13 of the rotary cylinder 11, the channel cross section of the first material guiding section 101a is closed. When the part of the helical material guiding channel 101 that is not wrapped around the gas seal cylinder 121 forms the second material guiding section 101b, since the edge of the channel cross section of the second material guiding section 101b that faces the rotation center line 13 of the rotary cylinder 11 is not closed, the channel cross section of the second material guiding section 101b is open to the direction of the rotation center line 13 of the rotary cylinder 11.

[0038] The "pitch of the channel center helix" refers to the pitch of the channel center helix of the helical material guiding channel. Since the pitch of the channel center helix of the first material guiding section 101a is smaller than the pitch of the channel center helix of the second material guiding section 101b, the width of the channel cross section of the first material guiding section 101a is smaller than the width of the channel cross section of the second material guiding section 101b.

[0039] Since the width of the channel cross section of the first material guiding section 101a is smaller, and the channel cross section of the first material guiding section 101a is closed, when the rotary kiln is in operation, the flowing material in the first material guiding section 101a forms a gas isolation material pile at the bottom of the rotary body 1. The gas isolation material pile is formed by the material that is accumulated at the bottom of the first material guiding section 101a, and these materials completely close the channel cross section, thereby producing the effect of isolating the gas flow.

[0040] Figures 1-3 The illustrated rotary kiln is designed as a carbonization device for preparing activated carbon. Since the two ends of the rotary cylinder 11 are closed by the corresponding gas isolation material piles, gas leakage is avoided, the sealing performance of the rotary kiln is improved, and therefore, during the carbonization stage, the raw material can be better isolated from oxygen, thereby improving the carbonization quality.

[0041] As mentioned above, the kiln tail sealing structure is provided at the kiln tail feeding device 3. The sealing stability of the kiln tail sealing structure is a technical difficulty of the rotary kiln. In the embodiment, the kiln tail sealing structure is further innovatively designed as follows.

[0042] Figure 4 For Figure 1 the structure of the rotary kiln tail sealing structure in the rotary kiln is shown. As shown in Figure 4 the rotary kiln tail sealing structure includes a conical movable ring 31, which is arranged on the rotary body 1 (specifically, the rotary cylinder 11) of the rotary kiln and is coaxially connected with the rotary center line 13 of the rotary body 1. One end of the conical movable ring 31 is in communication with the feeding port at the tail of the rotary body 1. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure further includes a conical fixed ring 32, which is arranged on the kiln tail feeding mechanism 33 of the rotary kiln and is in conical surface fitting cooperation with the conical movable ring 31. The kiln tail feeding mechanism 33 forms a feeding channel through the conical surface fitting cooperation, and the feeding channel is used to convey materials into the feeding port. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure further includes a ring-shaped sealing structure, which is arranged on a pair of fitting surfaces for the conical surface fitting cooperation between the conical movable ring 31 and the conical fixed ring 32.

[0043] Since the conical movable ring 31 and the conical fixed ring 32 are in conical surface fitting cooperation, the design can reduce the size of the sealing surface, reduce the sealing area, and significantly reduce the air leakage problem. In addition, the conical surface fitting cooperation has the functions of self-centering and compensating thermal expansion, so that the conical movable ring 31 and the conical fixed ring 32 can maintain good cooperation during relative rotation.

[0044] In addition, the kiln tail feeding mechanism 33 includes a preheating cover 331 and a feeding throat pipe 332. The conical fixed ring 32 is arranged on the preheating cover 331 and is in communication with the preheating cover 331 to form a preheating cavity. The feeding throat pipe 332 penetrates the preheating cavity from the outside and extends into the feeding port. Specifically, the feeding throat pipe 332 penetrates the preheating cavity from top to bottom and then extends into the feeding port.

[0045] The preheating cover 331 forms a preheating cavity, which can use the waste heat of the rotary kiln to preheat the entering materials. This helps to improve the thermal efficiency of the entire system and reduce energy consumption. The preheating cover 331 can capture the heat escaping from the rotary kiln, which can reduce the heat loss of the rotary kiln. The feeding throat pipe 332 penetrates the preheating cavity from top to bottom. This design utilizes gravity to improve the flowability of the materials and reduce the risk of blockage.

[0046] The ring-shaped sealing structure can adopt a contact sealing structure and / or a non-contact sealing structure. Specifically, the ring-shaped sealing structure can adopt a labyrinth sealing structure.

[0047] The above has been described in relation to the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the above content of the present specification without making creative labor shall belong to the scope of patent protection.

Claims

1. A rotary kiln tail sealing structure, characterized in that: include: A conical moving ring is disposed on the rotating body of the rotary kiln and coaxially connected to the rotation center line of the rotating body. One end of the conical moving ring is connected to the feed port at the tail of the rotating body. A conical fixed ring is mounted on the kiln tail feeding mechanism of the rotary kiln and fits into the conical surface of the conical moving ring. The kiln tail feeding mechanism conveys material into the feed inlet through the feeding channel formed by the fitted conical surfaces. A circumferential sealing structure is provided on a pair of mating surfaces between the conical moving ring and the conical fixed ring to achieve the conical surface fitting.

2. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The kiln tail feeding mechanism includes a preheating hood and a feeding throat. The conical fixed ring is disposed on the preheating hood and communicates with the preheating hood to form a preheating cavity. The feeding throat passes through the preheating cavity from the outside and extends into the feeding port.

3. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The feed throat slopes downwards, passes through the preheating chamber, and extends into the feed inlet.

4. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The circumferential sealing structure adopts a contact sealing structure and / or a non-contact sealing structure.

5. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The non-contact sealing structure adopts a labyrinth sealing structure.

6. Rotary kiln, including: Rotational body; The kiln tail feeding mechanism is used to convey materials into the feed inlet at the tail of the rotating body. Its features are: The rotary kiln and the kiln tail feeding mechanism employ a rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a spiral material guide channel, which is located in the rotating body and is spirally arranged around the rotation center line of the rotating body.

8. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The spiral guide channel includes at least two guide sections, which differ in the channel cross-section setting and / or the channel center spiral pitch setting.

9. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The spiral material guide channel includes a main reaction section, and the cross-section of the main reaction section is closed.

10. The rotary kiln tail sealing structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating body is a rotary drum, and an inner spiral guide plate is provided on the inner wall of the rotary drum. The outer contour of the inner spiral guide plate is attached to the inner wall of the rotary drum, thereby separating the spiral guide channel in the rotary drum.

Images