Wheel multi-station precision rolling process and equipment
By using multi-station precision rolling technology and equipment, the problems of internal structural defects and low material utilization in wheels have been solved, achieving high-quality wheel manufacturing, improving load-bearing capacity and reducing production costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511305649.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing wheel manufacturing processes suffer from internal structural defects and low raw material utilization, resulting in insufficient wheel load-bearing capacity and high production costs.
The process employs a multi-station precision rolling process and equipment. Through forging and rolling, wheel blanks are prepared using columnar steel. Precision forming is then performed using multi-station forging equipment to eliminate internal air bubbles and gaps, thereby reducing raw material consumption.
It improves the structural density and load-bearing capacity of the wheels, reduces raw material consumption, and saves production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120901639A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of crane accessories, in particular to a wheel multi-station precision rolling process and equipment. BACKGROUND
[0002] As the core bearing component of various vehicles, the structural strength, bearing capacity and resistance of the wheel directly affect the driving safety and service life of the vehicle. At present, the wheel production in the industry mostly adopts the casting process. This process forms the product by pouring molten metal liquid into the mold and cooling. Although it has the characteristics of simple production process and the ability to manufacture complex-shaped products, it has significant technical defects: Internal structural defects are prominent: during the casting process, the metal liquid is prone to shrinkage due to temperature gradient when cooling, resulting in defects such as bubbles, porosity and micro-gaps in the wheel. These defects can significantly reduce the overall structural density of the wheel, and under long-term bearing or complex working conditions, they can easily become stress concentration points, causing cracking, deformation and other failure problems, which severely limit the bearing capacity and service life of the wheel. Low utilization rate of raw materials: the casting process needs to reserve a large amount of machining allowance to eliminate casting defects, and the auxiliary structures such as sprues and runners consume a large amount of raw materials, causing waste of raw materials and high production costs.
[0003] To improve the above problems, some enterprises try to use forging technology to prepare wheel blanks, but the existing forging technology is mostly single-station processing, which is difficult to achieve continuous precision forming, and still needs a lot of cutting processing afterwards, which does not fundamentally solve the problems of insufficient internal structural density and large raw material consumption. SUMMARY
[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a wheel multi-station precision rolling process, which includes the following steps: Step 1: raw material preparation, selecting columnar steel and cutting the steel to obtain a billet with a length of 50-80 cm; Step 2: heating the billet obtained in step 1, the heating time is 130-180 min, and the billet is heated to 1200℃; Step 3: first forging, the heated billet is transferred to the forging station for forging to obtain a semi-finished product with a height of 10-15 cm; Step 4: second forging, the semi-finished product is subjected to secondary forging to form a wheel rough blank; Step 5: third forging, punching operation is performed in the middle part of the wheel rough blank, the diameter of the center hole is 7-11 cm, and the temperature after punching is 1000-1050℃; Step 6: roller compaction, the wheel rough blank is transferred to the roller compaction station and kept vertical, and the finished product wheel is obtained after the surface slotting and edge trimming of the wheel rough blank by the roller compaction equipment; Step 7: after forming, it is transferred to the storage area for natural cooling and then stored in the warehouse.
[0005] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The forging pressure in step 3 is 350-400Mpa, the forging time is 2S, and the temperature after forging is 1100-1150℃.
[0006] The forging pressure in step 4 is 350-400Mpa, the forging time is 2S, and the temperature after forging is 1050-1100℃.
[0007] The initial temperature of the wheel rough blank in step 6 is 1000-1050℃.
[0008] Mechanical claws are used for transfer in steps 5 and 6, and conveying rollers are used for transfer in step 7.
[0009] A wheel multi-station precision roller compaction equipment, comprising a fixed seat and a moving seat, a support seat is arranged between the fixed seat and the moving seat, symmetrical supporting rollers and leveling rollers are arranged on the fixed seat and the moving seat respectively, a slotting roller is arranged above the support seat on the fixed seat, and positioning rollers are arranged on both sides of the support seat.
[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: A lifting platform is arranged below the support seat, a connecting rod connected with the moving seat is arranged on one side of the lifting platform, and a guide rail is arranged below the lifting platform.
[0011] A hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the fixed seat, a connecting seat is arranged at the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder, a positioning shaft is arranged in the middle of the connecting seat, and a bearing seat connected with the positioning shaft is arranged in the middle of the slotting roller.
[0012] An annular rolling plate one is arranged on the outer side wall of the slotting roller, limit plates are arranged at both ends of the slotting roller, and an avoidance slot is reserved between the limit plates and the annular rolling plate one.
[0013] An annular rolling plate two is arranged in the middle of the positioning roller, the middle line of the annular rolling plate two and the annular rolling plate one is located in the same horizontal plane, and a push rod is arranged behind each positioning roller.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present application are that the wheel multi-station precision rolling process and equipment adopt whole columnar steel materials to be forged and pressed to form a wheel rough blank, compared with the traditional casting method, the wheel temple structure produced by the wheel multi-station precision rolling process and equipment is more fine, the bubbles and gaps in the steel material can be eliminated, the overall carrying capacity and resistance of the gear are improved, the consumption of raw materials can be reduced by using the rolling forming equipment, and the production cost is saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application. Figure 2 It is a top view of the present application. Figure 3 It is a bottom view of the present application. Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed seat in the present application. Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slotted roller in the present application. Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving seat in the present application.
[0016] In the figure: 1, fixed seat; 2, moving seat; 3, support seat; 4, supporting roller; 5, leveling roller; 6, slotted roller; 7, positioning roller; 8, lifting platform; 9, connecting rod; 10, guide rail; 11, hydraulic cylinder; 12, connecting seat; 13, positioning shaft; 14, bearing seat; 15, annular rolling plate one; 16, limiting plate; 17, avoidance groove; 18, annular rolling plate two; 19, push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0018] The wheel multi-station precision rolling process of the present embodiment comprises the following steps: Step 1: raw material preparation, selecting columnar steel materials and cutting the steel materials to obtain a blank with a length of 50-80 cm; Step 2: heating the blank obtained in step 1, the heating time is 130-180 min, and the blank is heated to 1200℃; Step 3: primary forging, the heated blank is transferred to a forging station for forging to obtain a semi-finished product with a height of 10-15 cm; Step 4: secondary forging, the semi-finished product is subjected to secondary forging to form a wheel rough blank; Step 5: Three forging processes are performed, and a punching operation is carried out in the middle of the wheel blank. The diameter of the center hole is 7-11 cm, and the temperature after punching is 1050℃. Three forging fixtures are installed on a slide table, with a pressure head and punch installed on top. The slide table can be quickly adjusted to transfer materials between different processes, completing the forging operation of the billet. This reduces excessive heat loss during the forging process, preventing the temperature from being too low and causing cracks inside the material.
[0019] Step 6: Rolling and forming. Transfer the wheel blank to the rolling station and ensure that the wheel blank is kept vertical. Use the rolling equipment to groove the surface of the wheel blank and trim the edges to obtain the finished wheel. Step 7: After molding, transfer to the storage area for natural cooling before storing in the warehouse.
[0020] The forging pressure in step 3 is 350-400 MPa, the forging time is 2 seconds, and the temperature after forging is 1150℃.
[0021] The forging pressure in step 4 is 350-400 MPa, the forging time is 2 seconds, and the temperature after forging is 1100℃.
[0022] In step 6, the initial temperature of the wheel blank is 1000℃. If the temperature is lower than 1000℃, it is not easy to plasticize the wheel during rolling, which increases the rolling time.
[0023] Mechanical claws are used for transfer in steps 5 and 6, while conveyor rollers are used for transfer in step 7.
[0024] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the multi-station precision rolling equipment for wheels in this embodiment uses a fixed seat 1 and a movable seat 2 as the core support frame. In order to achieve stable load bearing in the middle structure of the equipment, a support seat 3 is specially set between the fixed seat 1 and the movable seat 2. At the same time, in order to meet the requirements of support and preliminary leveling before rolling the wheels, the fixed seat 1 and the movable seat 2 are respectively equipped with symmetrically distributed support rollers 4 and leveling rollers 5. The two work together to provide a stable foundation for the conveying and pre-treatment of the wheel workpieces. To address the grooving requirements during wheel rolling, a grooving roller 6 is installed on the fixed base 1, and the grooving roller 6 is located directly above the support base 3, ensuring stable support from the support base 3 during processing. To prevent the wheel workpiece from shifting during rolling, positioning rollers 7 are also installed on both sides of the support base 3 to achieve precise positioning of the workpiece. In order to adapt to the processing needs of different specifications of wheels, the lower part of the supporting seat 3 is equipped with a lifting platform 8, which can adjust the height of the supporting seat 3 through lifting; at the same time, in order to ensure the position linkage of the moving seat 2 and the supporting seat 3, one side of the lifting platform 8 is connected with a connecting rod 9, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is fixed with the moving seat 2, so that the moving seat 2 can be synchronously adjusted through the connecting rod 9 when the lifting platform 8 is actuated; in addition, the lower part of the lifting platform 8 is also paved with a guide rail 10, which provides a stable guide path for the up-down movement of the lifting platform 8. In order to drive the slotting roller 6 to realize the rolling action, a hydraulic cylinder 11 is installed on the fixed seat 1, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected with a connecting seat 12, and a positioning shaft 13 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the connecting seat 12; correspondingly, the middle part of the slotting roller 6 is provided with a bearing seat 14, and the bearing seat 14 is accurately connected with the positioning shaft 13, and finally the rolling work of the slotting roller 6 is driven through the telescopic action of the hydraulic cylinder 11, which drives the connecting seat 12, the positioning shaft 13 and the bearing seat 14 in sequence, and then drives the slotting roller 6 to complete the rolling work. From the structural details of the slotting roller 6, an annular rolling plate 15 for wheel slotting is arranged on the outer side wall of the slotting roller 6, and a limiting plate 16 is also arranged at both ends of the slotting roller 6, in order to avoid interference between the limiting plate 16 and the annular rolling plate 15 during operation, an avoiding groove 17 is specially reserved between them; the middle part of the positioning roller 7 is provided with an annular rolling plate 18, in order to ensure the rolling precision, the middle line of the annular rolling plate 18 and the annular rolling plate 15 are strictly on the same horizontal plane, realizing the accurate alignment of the up-down rolling action; at the same time, a push rod 19 is arranged at the rear of each positioning roller 7, which can adjust the position of the positioning roller 7 through the pushing of the push rod 19, further adapting to the positioning needs of different workpieces.
[0025] During the whole rolling process, the main load bearing of the rough blank is completed by the supporting roller 4 located on both sides of the road, and the supporting roller 4 is in contact with the annular inner wall on the side wall of the rough blank 4 under the action of gravity during the rolling process, which is plastic and adjusted at this position, and the rough blank is not supported below, and the supporting seat 3 is only used for transferring the rough blank, which has the advantage that the interference of the bottom support on the deformation process of the rough blank is avoided, so that the material can be more freely stretched and shaped during rolling, which is especially beneficial to the uniform deformation of the annular symmetric workpiece in the radial and axial directions; The supporting roller 4 provides the necessary load bearing function, and also plays a guiding and shaping role through continuous contact with the side wall of the rough blank, which can effectively control the roundness and perpendicularity of the workpiece during processing; The supporting seat 3 is functionally specific, only responsible for the feeding and discharging of the rough blank and the transfer between processes, which not only reduces the complexity of the mechanism, but also improves the reliability and maintenance convenience of the equipment; This structure is especially suitable for the processing of large or super-large annular blanks, which avoids the deformation of the workpiece due to its own weight through lateral support, and also facilitates real-time monitoring of the blank state and process adjustment.
[0026] Through the cooperation of the forging and forming equipment, the traditional pouring wheel manufacturing process and equipment are replaced, so that the wheel manufacturing efficiency can be improved significantly, and the quality of the wheel can be improved.
[0027] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms indicating the direction or positional relationship such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0028] In addition, it should be further pointed out that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0029] The term "includes" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, article or equipment / device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes the elements inherent to the process, article or equipment / device.
[0030] So far, the technical solutions of the present application have been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but those skilled in the art can easily understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or replacements to the related technical features without departing from the principles of the present application, and the technical solutions after the changes or replacements will fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A multi-station precision wheel rolling process, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Step 1: raw material preparation, select columnar steel material, and cut the steel material to obtain a blank with a length of 50-80 cm; Step 2: heating the blank obtained in step 1, heating time is 130-180 min, heating the blank to 1200℃; Step 3: first forging, the heated blank is transferred to the forging station for forging to obtain a semi-finished product with a height of 10-15 cm; Step 4: second forging, the semi-finished product is subjected to secondary forging to form a wheel rough blank; Step 5: third forging, punching operation is performed in the middle of the wheel rough blank, the diameter of the center hole is 7-11 cm, and the temperature after punching is 1000-1050℃; Step 6: rolling forming, the wheel rough blank is transferred to the rolling station and kept in an upright state, and the finished product wheel is obtained after the surface slotting and edge trimming of the wheel rough blank by the rolling equipment; Step 7: after forming, it is transferred to the storage area for natural cooling and then stored in the warehouse.
2. The multi-station precision wheel roller compaction process of claim 1, wherein, The forging pressure in step 3 is 350-400Mpa, the forging time is 2S, and the temperature after forging is 1100-1150℃.
3. The multi-station precision wheel roller compaction process of claim 1, wherein, The forging pressure in step 4 is 350-400Mpa, the forging time is 2S, and the temperature after forging is 1050-1100℃.
4. The multi-station precision wheel roller compaction process of claim 1, wherein, The initial temperature of the wheel rough blank in step 6 is 1050℃.
5. The multi-station precision wheel roller compaction process of claim 1, wherein, Mechanical claws are used for transfer in steps 5 and 6, and conveying rollers are used for transfer in step 7.
6. A multi-station precision wheel rolling apparatus, characterized by, It comprises a fixed seat (1) and a moving seat (2), a supporting seat (3) is arranged between the fixed seat (1) and the moving seat (2), symmetrically distributed supporting rollers (4) and leveling rollers (5) are arranged on the fixed seat (1) and the moving seat (2) respectively, a slotting roller (6) is arranged above the supporting seat (3) on the fixed seat (1), and positioning rollers (7) are arranged on both sides of the supporting seat (3).
7. The multi-station precision wheel roller apparatus of claim 6, wherein, A lifting platform (8) is arranged below the supporting seat (3), one side of the lifting platform (8) is provided with a connecting rod (9) connected with the moving seat (2), and a guide rail (10) is arranged below the lifting platform (8).
8. The multi-station precision wheel roller apparatus of claim 6, wherein, A hydraulic cylinder (11) is arranged on the fixed seat (1), a connecting seat (12) is arranged at the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder (11), a positioning shaft (13) is arranged in the middle of the connecting seat (12), and a bearing seat (14) connected with the positioning shaft (13) is arranged in the middle of the slotting roller (6).
9. The multi-station precision wheel roller apparatus of claim 8, wherein, An annular rolling plate one (15) is arranged on the outer side wall of the slotting roller (6), limiting plates (16) are arranged at both ends of the slotting roller (6), and an avoiding groove (17) is reserved between the limiting plates (16) and the annular rolling plate one (15).
10. The multi-station precision wheel roller apparatus of claim 9, wherein, An annular rolling plate two (18) is arranged in the middle of the positioning roller (7), the center line of the annular rolling plate two (18) and the annular rolling plate one (15) are located in the same horizontal plane, and a push rod (19) is arranged behind each positioning roller (7).