Electric spindle and machining center
By designing an air-sealed structure and a water storage pan system in the electric spindle, the problems of water leakage at the rotary joint and blockage of the drain hole are solved, achieving protection and efficient drainage of the electric spindle, reducing the risk of damage and maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511184663.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing electric spindles suffer from performance damage or become unusable due to water leakage at the rotary joint and blockage of the drain hole, and existing waterproofing and drainage structures cannot effectively solve this problem.
An electric spindle was designed, including a rotary joint, a tie rod, a cylinder cover, a cylinder, a pipe disc, a cylinder mounting base, a tie rod limiting sleeve, and a rear air seal ring arranged along the same axis. Through the air seal structure and a reasonable drainage channel design, the gas impact force is used to accelerate the discharge speed of leaked water. A water storage pan and a sensor early warning system are also set up to prevent water erosion.
It effectively prevents water leakage from the rotary joint and blockage of the drain hole, reduces the risk of damage to the electric spindle, improves drainage efficiency, and reduces maintenance and replacement costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120901725A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric spindles, in particular to an electric spindle and a machining center. BACKGROUND
[0002] The water outlet structure of the machining center is used for cooling the spindle and the tool, removing cutting waste and the like, and its function is generally realized through the rotary joint installed at the rear end of the spindle. In actual application, the performance of the spindle is often abnormal due to water leakage of the rotary joint, and even the spindle is scrapped.
[0003] In order to reduce the risk of damage to the electric spindle caused by water leakage of the rotary joint, a drainage structure is usually designed at the rear end of the electric spindle. However, when the drainage hole is blocked by machining waste or the water leakage speed of the rotary joint exceeds the drainage speed, the excess leakage water will still invade the interior of the spindle, affecting the motor and bearing and other parts, thereby causing damage to the performance of the electric spindle, and even the electric spindle is scrapped.
[0004] A current water drainage structure of a horizontal machining center spindle has a circumferential splash groove designed on the spindle, and a drainage hole is opened at the lowest point of the splash groove, which penetrates the shell and contacts the outside. This scheme relies on the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the spindle to throw the cooling water that has penetrated the shell into the splash groove and then drain it out through the drainage hole. However, this scheme is only applicable to the problem of cooling water leakage of the horizontal machining center, and cannot solve the problem of spindle damage caused by water leakage of the rotary joint.
[0005] There is also a box-type electric spindle with a waterproof and drainage structure, which realizes waterproofing through a labyrinth structure composed of a baffle plate at the front end of the bearing set and a shield, and realizes the functions of waterproofing and drainage through a drainage screw and a drainage channel at the rear end of the bearing set. However, the aperture of the drainage screw is very small, and when the water outlet hole is blocked by metal waste or the water inlet is large, the water cannot be drained in time, and the risk of damage to the spindle by water erosion still exists. SUMMARY
[0006] The first object of the present application is to provide an electric spindle with the functions of preventing water leakage of the rotary joint and preventing the drainage hole from being blocked.
[0007] The second object of the present application is to provide a machining center using the above-mentioned electric spindle.
[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned first object, the application provides an electric spindle, comprising a rotary joint, a pull rod, an oil cylinder cover, an oil cylinder, a pipeline disc, an oil cylinder fixing seat, a pull rod limiting sleeve and a rear-end gas seal ring arranged coaxially; the rotary joint is arranged at an axial end of the pull rod, a cooling water channel in the rotary joint is communicated with a cooling water channel in the pull rod; the oil cylinder cover is sleeved outside the rotary joint and a first drainage channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod and the oil cylinder cover; the oil cylinder is arranged between the oil cylinder cover and the oil cylinder fixing seat, the pull rod limiting sleeve is arranged in the oil cylinder fixing seat and fixedly connected with the pull rod, and the oil cylinder fixing seat and the rear-end gas seal ring are both arranged in the pipeline disc and arranged along the axial direction of the electric spindle; a fixing seat drainage hole is formed in the peripheral wall of the oil cylinder fixing seat, a pipeline disc drainage hole is formed in the peripheral wall of the pipeline disc in the thickness direction, and the first drainage channel, the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole are communicated in sequence; a pipeline disc air inlet is formed in the pipeline disc, and a seal ring air channel is formed in the rear-end gas seal ring; the air inlet end of the seal ring air channel is communicated with the pipeline disc air inlet, and at least one of the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole is communicated with the air outlet end of the seal ring air channel.
[0009] As can be seen from the above scheme, when the rotary joint slightly leaks water, the leaked water is sequentially discharged through the first drainage channel, the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole. At the same time, the air outlet end of the gas seal structure at the rear end of the electric spindle is communicated with the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole, the impact force of the gas accelerates the discharge speed of the leaked water, and under the impact force of the gas, the machining waste is washed outward, thereby reducing the risk of the drainage hole being blocked by the machining waste. In addition, the electric spindle has a compact structure and a reasonable layout, which will not affect the overall stiffness of the electric spindle and will not excessively affect the internal structural layout of the electric spindle, and has strong versatility and can be applied to most specifications of electric spindle structures. In addition, the rear-end gas seal structure and the front-end gas seal structure share one air channel, without the need for additional air channels and installation positions, thereby ensuring the compactness of the electric spindle.
[0010] A preferred scheme is that the pipeline disc comprises an inner ring wall, a connecting wall and an outer ring wall connected in sequence along the radial direction, the pipeline disc drainage hole and the pipeline disc air inlet are both located on the outer ring wall, and the inner ring wall and the outer ring wall are coaxially arranged; the inner ring wall extends from the connecting wall to the oil cylinder along the axial direction of the pipeline disc; the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring wall, the upper end surface of the connecting wall and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring wall surround a fixing seat mounting groove, and the oil cylinder fixing seat is arranged in the fixing seat mounting groove; the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring wall and the lower end surface of the connecting wall surround a seal ring mounting groove, and the rear-end gas seal ring is arranged in the seal ring mounting groove.
[0011] As can be seen, by reasonably designing the structure of the pipeline disc, the oil cylinder fixing seat and the rear-end gas seal ring are both arranged in the interior of the pipeline disc, thereby making the structure of the electric spindle more compact.
[0012] Further, the inner ring wall is provided with a pipeline disc exhaust channel, the pipeline disc exhaust channel extends inward along the axial direction of the pipeline disc from the lower end surface of the inner ring wall, the air inlet end of the pipeline disc exhaust channel is communicated with the air outlet end of the sealing ring air channel, the pipeline disc exhaust channel is provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust port is located on the outer surface of the inner ring wall, and at least one of the pipeline disc drain hole and the fixed seat drain hole is arranged opposite to the exhaust port in the radial direction of the pipeline disc.
[0013] Therefore, by arranging the pipeline disc exhaust channel on the inner ring wall of the pipeline disc, the position of the exhaust port can be more reasonably arranged, so that the exhaust port is opposite to the pipeline disc drain pipe or the fixed seat drain hole, thereby facilitating the application of greater force by the gas blown out of the exhaust port to the drain hole, further accelerating the discharge speed of the leaked water while avoiding the risk of the drain hole being blocked by machining waste.
[0014] Further, the number of exhaust ports is more than one, each exhaust port is arranged opposite to the pipeline disc drain hole in the radial direction of the pipeline disc, or each exhaust port is arranged opposite to the fixed seat drain hole in the radial direction of the pipeline disc; or the number of exhaust ports is more than two, at least one exhaust port is arranged opposite to the pipeline disc drain hole in the radial direction of the pipeline disc, and at least one exhaust port is arranged opposite to the fixed seat drain hole in the radial direction of the pipeline disc.
[0015] Therefore, the number of exhaust ports can be one or more than two, and the specific number can be changed according to actual needs. When the exhaust port is opposite to the fixed seat drain hole, the gas blown out of the exhaust port enters the fixed seat drain hole, avoiding the fixed seat drain hole being blocked by machining waste. When the exhaust port is opposite to the pipeline disc drain hole, the gas blown out of the exhaust port enters the pipeline disc drain hole, avoiding the pipeline disc drain hole being blocked by machining waste.
[0016] Further, the sealing ring air channel includes an air inlet groove and a gas guide groove that are communicated with each other, the gas guide groove is annular and extends along the circumferential direction of the rear end air sealing ring, and the air inlet groove extends inward along the radial direction of the rear end air sealing ring from the outer circumferential surface of the rear end air sealing ring; the air inlet groove is communicated with the pipeline disc air inlet channel, and the pipeline disc exhaust channel is communicated with the gas guide groove.
[0017] Therefore, by arranging the air inlet groove and the gas guide groove, the pipeline disc exhaust channel and the pipeline disc exhaust channel are communicated, and the strength of the pipeline disc is not affected.
[0018] A preferred scheme is that the inner surface of the outer ring wall is provided with a pipeline disc limiting groove, the outer circumferential surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat is provided with a fixed seat limiting table, the fixed seat limiting table is limited and matched with the bottom wall of the pipeline disc limiting groove along the axial direction of the pipeline disc, the lower end surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat and the upper end surface of the connecting wall form a second drainage channel, and the pipeline disc drain hole and the second drainage channel are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the pipeline disc.
[0019] Therefore, by cooperation of the limiting table of the fixing seat and the bottom wall of the limiting groove of the pipeline disc, the fixing seat of the oil cylinder and the pipeline disc are limited in the axial direction, and the second drainage channel is arranged to facilitate the drainage of the leaked water in the pipeline disc.
[0020] Further, at least a part of the fixing seat drainage hole and at least a part of the pipeline disc drainage hole are arranged opposite in the radial direction of the pipeline disc, or the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole are arranged in a staggered manner in the radial direction of the pipeline disc, a third drainage channel is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring wall, and the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole are communicated through the third drainage channel.
[0021] Therefore, when the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole are arranged opposite, the flow path has fewer bends, and it is more convenient to drain the leaked water and machining debris. When the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole are arranged in a staggered manner, the flow path has more bends, and the pollutants in the external environment can be prevented from entering the internal part of the electric spindle.
[0022] Further, the pipeline disc drainage hole has an inlet end and an outlet end, and the pipeline disc drainage hole is arranged inclined from top to bottom from the inlet end to the outlet end; and / or in the axial direction of the electric spindle, the lowest part of the inlet end of the pipeline disc drainage hole is not higher than the upper end surface of the connecting wall.
[0023] Therefore, the pipeline disc drainage hole is inclined from top to bottom, which facilitates the drainage of the leaked water under the action of its own gravity. In the axial direction of the electric spindle, the lowest part of the inlet end of the pipeline disc drainage hole is not higher than the upper end surface of the connecting wall, which facilitates the smooth entry of the water flow into the pipeline disc drainage hole and avoids the obstruction of the water flow and machining debris when a step is formed.
[0024] A preferred scheme is that the electric spindle further comprises a water storage disc, the water storage disc is annular and coaxial with the pull rod; the water storage disc is arranged in the oil cylinder fixing seat and fixed to the upper end surface of the pull rod limiting sleeve; the water storage disc is provided with a water storage groove, the groove opening of the water storage groove is arranged upward, the bottom of the water storage disc is provided with a water storage disc drainage hole, the water storage disc drainage hole is communicated with the water storage groove, the water storage groove can collect the water drained from the first drainage channel, and the water storage disc drainage hole is communicated with the fixing seat drainage hole.
[0025] Therefore, by arranging the water storage disc in the internal part of the electric spindle, the temporary storage of the leaked water is facilitated, and when the leaked water is too much, the water can be drained out through the water storage groove and the water storage disc drainage hole, so that the function of the electric spindle is not damaged or scrapped, and the drainage efficiency is improved.
[0026] Further, the water storage disc drainage hole and the fixing seat drainage hole are arranged opposite in the radial direction of the water storage disc.
[0027] Therefore, the above arrangement facilitates the rapid drainage of the leaked water.
[0028] Further, the oil cylinder fixing seat is provided with a sensor for detecting the water level of the water storage tank; the electric spindle further comprises a controller, which controls to stop water supply to the cooling water channel of the rotary joint after receiving a pre-warning signal of water level reaching standard from the sensor.
[0029] Therefore, through the arrangement of the sensor and the water storage disc, when the leakage amount of the rotary joint exceeds the discharge amount, the leakage water will accumulate in the water storage tank, and when the accumulated amount reaches the position of the sensor probe, the sensor will send a pre-warning signal to control to stop water supply to the cooling water channel of the rotary joint, so as to avoid that the excessive water directly flows into the electric spindle, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the electric spindle, and at the same time, the accumulated leakage water will continuously discharge through the water discharge hole of the water storage disc, thereby playing a buffering role.
[0030] Further, the number of the water discharge holes of the water storage disc is two or more, and each water discharge hole is arranged along the circumference of the water storage disc; and / or a sealing groove is formed in the bottom wall of the water storage tank, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, and the fixing member is fixedly connected with the pull rod limiting sleeve after penetrating through the sealing ring.
[0031] Therefore, the arrangement of the plurality of water discharge holes of the water storage disc facilitates to improve the water discharge speed of the water pan. In addition, the sealing ring is arranged on the bottom wall of the water storage tank to realize sealing of the connection position of the fixing member and the water storage disc, so as to prevent the water at the connection position from entering the bearing and the motor below.
[0032] To achieve the above-mentioned second object, the application provides a machining center comprising the above-mentioned electric spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0033] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the latter half of the electric spindle embodiment of the application.
[0034] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the latter half of the electric spindle embodiment of the application. Figure 1
[0035] Figure 3 is a structure exploded view of the pipe disc, the oil cylinder fixing seat and the rear end gas seal ring in the electric spindle embodiment of the application.
[0036] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the pipe disc, the oil cylinder fixing seat and the rear end gas seal ring in the electric spindle embodiment of the application.
[0037] Figure 5 is a sectional view of the pipe disc, the oil cylinder fixing seat and the rear end gas seal ring in the electric spindle embodiment of the application. Figure 4
[0038] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the pipe disc, the oil cylinder fixing seat and the rear end gas seal ring in the electric spindle embodiment of the application. Figure 4
[0039] Figure 7 is a structure diagram of a water storage tray in an embodiment of the electric spindle of the present application.
[0040] Figure 8 is a structure diagram of a rear end gas seal ring in an embodiment of the electric spindle of the present application.
[0041] Figure 9 is a structure diagram of a rear end gas seal ring in an embodiment of the electric spindle of the present application.
[0042] Figure 10 is Figure 9 is a local enlarged view of D in FIG. 10.
[0043] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is only intended to explain the present application and is not intended to limit the present application in any way. The present application can be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so that the present application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments, the components of the materials, numerical expressions, and numerical values are to be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation unless otherwise specifically stated.
[0045] The terms "first", "second", and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, number, or importance, but are used to distinguish different parts. The terms "include" or "comprise" and similar terms mean that the elements before the terms encompass the elements listed after the terms, and do not exclude the possibility of also encompassing other elements. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects are changed, the relative positional relationships can also be changed accordingly.
[0046] In the present application, when it is described that a specific device is located between a first device and a second device, there can be an intervening device between the specific device and the first device or the second device, or there can be no intervening device. When it is described that a specific device is connected to other devices, the specific device can be directly connected to the other devices without an intervening device, or can not be directly connected to the other devices with an intervening device.
[0047] All terms used in the description (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined herein. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
[0048] Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail herein, but should be considered as part of the description.
[0049] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The machining center of the embodiment comprises an electric spindle. The electric spindle comprises a rotary joint 1, a pull rod 2, a cylinder cover 3, a cylinder 4, a pipeline disc 5, a cylinder fixing seat 6, a pull rod limiting sleeve 8, a rear end gas seal ring 9, a piston 11, a rear bearing set 12, an induction disc 16, a motor stator 14 and a motor rotor 15 arranged coaxially. The electric spindle further comprises a controller (not shown) and a sensor 10.
[0050] In the embodiment, the pull rod 2 extends along a vertical direction, the rotary joint 1 is arranged at the top end of the pull rod 2, a cooling water channel 13 in the rotary joint 1 is communicated with a cooling water channel 21 in the pull rod 2, the cylinder cover 3 is sleeved outside the rotary joint 1 and forms a first drainage channel 31 with the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod 2, the cylinder 4 is arranged between the cylinder cover 3 and the cylinder fixing seat 6, the piston 11 is located in the cylinder 4, the pull rod limiting sleeve 8 is arranged in the cylinder fixing seat 6 and fixedly connected with the pull rod 2, the cylinder fixing seat 6 and the rear end gas seal ring 9 are both arranged in the pipeline disc 5 and arranged along the axial direction of the electric spindle. The rear bearing set 12 is arranged on the side of the rear end gas seal ring 9 away from the rotary joint 1, the motor rotor 15 is arranged on the radially inner side of the motor stator 14 and fixedly connected with the pull rod 2, the induction disc 16 is sleeved on the pull rod 2 and located between the water storage disc 7 and the cylinder 4, the induction disc 16 comprises a first induction disc portion 161 and a second induction disc portion 162 arranged along the axial direction, the maximum outer diameter of the first induction disc portion 161 is smaller than that of the second induction disc portion 162, a limiting platform 1621 is formed at the connecting position of the second induction disc portion 162 and the first induction disc portion 161, the first induction disc portion 161 extends into the piston 11 along the axial direction, a fourth drainage channel 32 is formed between the lower end surface of the cylinder cover 3 and the upper end surface of the first induction disc portion 161, a fifth drainage channel 111 is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the piston 11 and the outer peripheral surface of the first induction disc 1612, a sixth drainage channel 112 is formed between the lower end surface of the piston 11 and the limiting platform 1621 of the second induction disc portion 162, and the first drainage channel 31, the fourth drainage channel 32, the fifth drainage channel 111 and the sixth drainage channel 112 are communicated in sequence.
[0051] The circumferential wall of the oil cylinder fixing seat 6 is provided with a fixing seat drain hole 61, and the circumferential wall of the pipeline disc 5 is provided with a pipeline disc drain hole 51 in the thickness direction. The pipeline disc 5 is provided with a pipeline disc air inlet 52, and the rear end air seal ring 9 is provided with a seal ring air channel 90. The air inlet end of the seal ring air channel 90 is communicated with the pipeline disc air inlet 52. At least one of the fixing seat drain hole 61 and the pipeline disc drain hole 51 is communicated with the air outlet end of the seal ring air channel 90. In the embodiment, both the fixing seat drain hole 61 and the pipeline disc drain hole 51 are communicated with the air outlet end of the seal ring air channel 90. In other embodiments, one of the fixing seat drain hole 61 and the pipeline disc drain hole 51 can be communicated with the air outlet end of the seal ring air channel 90. The pipeline disc air inlet 52 and the seal ring air channel 90 form a rear end air seal structure of the motorized spindle. In the embodiment, the motorized spindle further includes a front end air seal structure. The front end air seal structure is located at the front end of the motorized spindle. The rear end air seal structure and the front end air seal structure are both supplied with air through the pipeline disc air inlet 52.
[0052] Referring to Figures 3 to 6 The pipeline disc 5 includes an inner ring wall 53, a connecting wall 54 and an outer ring wall 55 connected in sequence along the radial direction. The pipeline disc drain hole 51 and the pipeline disc air inlet 52 are both located on the outer ring wall 55, and the inner ring wall 53 and the outer ring wall 55 are coaxially arranged. The inner ring wall 53 extends from the connecting wall 54 to the oil cylinder 4 along the axial direction of the pipeline disc 5. The outer peripheral surface of the inner ring wall 53, the upper end surface of the connecting wall 54 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring wall 55 form a fixing seat mounting groove 56. The oil cylinder fixing seat 6 is arranged in the fixing seat mounting groove 56. The inner peripheral surface of the outer ring wall 55 and the lower end surface of the connecting wall 54 form a seal ring mounting groove 57. The rear end air seal ring 9 is arranged in the seal ring mounting groove 57. Through reasonable design of the structure of the pipeline disc 5, the oil cylinder fixing seat 6 and the rear end air seal ring 9 are both arranged inside the pipeline disc 5, so that the structure of the motorized spindle is more compact.
[0053] The inner ring wall 53 is provided with a pipeline disc air outlet 531 extending inwardly along the axial direction of the pipeline disc 5 from the lower end surface of the inner ring wall 53. The air inlet end of the pipeline disc air outlet 531 is communicated with the air outlet end of the seal ring air channel 90. The pipeline disc air outlet 531 is provided with an air outlet port 532 located on the outer surface of the inner ring wall 53. At least one of the pipeline disc drain hole 51 and the fixing seat drain hole 61 is arranged opposite to the air outlet port 532 in the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5. Through the pipeline disc air outlet 531 arranged on the inner ring wall 53 of the pipeline disc 5, the position of the air outlet port 532 can be more reasonably arranged. The air outlet port 532 can be opposite to the drain pipe of the pipeline disc 5 or the fixing seat drain hole 61, so that the air blown out of the air outlet port 532 can apply greater force to the drain hole, further avoiding the drain hole from being blocked.
[0054] In this embodiment, the number of exhaust ports 532 is two, one of which is arranged opposite the pipeline disc drain hole 51 along the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5, and in the axial direction of the motorized spindle, the exhaust port 532 is closest to the lowest part of the inlet end of the pipeline disc drain hole 51, and the other exhaust port 532 is arranged opposite the fixed seat drain hole 61 along the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5, and in the axial direction of the motorized spindle, the exhaust port 532 is closest to the bottom of the fixed seat drain hole 61. In other embodiments, the number of exhaust ports 532 can also be more than one, each exhaust port 532 is arranged opposite the pipeline disc drain hole 51 along the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5, or each exhaust port 532 is arranged opposite the fixed seat drain hole 61 along the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5; or the number of exhaust ports 532 can also be more than two, at least one exhaust port 532 is arranged opposite the pipeline disc drain hole 51 along the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5, and at least one exhaust port 532 is arranged opposite the fixed seat drain hole 61 along the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5. The specific number of exhaust ports 532 can be changed according to actual needs. When the exhaust port 532 is opposite the fixed seat drain hole 61, the gas blown out of the exhaust port 532 enters the fixed seat drain hole 61, avoiding the fixed seat drain hole 61 being blocked by machining waste. When the exhaust port 532 is opposite the pipeline disc drain hole 51, the gas blown out of the exhaust port 532 enters the pipeline disc drain hole 51, avoiding the pipeline disc drain hole 51 being blocked by machining waste.
[0055] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figures 8 to 10 , the sealing ring air channel 90 includes an air inlet groove 91 and a gas guide groove 92 which are in communication with each other, the air inlet groove 91 and the gas guide groove 92 are both recessed downward from the upper end surface of the sealing ring air channel 90, the gas guide groove 92 is annular and extends along the circumferential direction of the rear end gas sealing ring 9, and the air inlet groove 91 extends inward along the radial direction of the rear end gas sealing ring 9 from the outer circumferential surface of the rear end gas sealing ring 9, the air inlet groove 91 is in communication with the pipeline disc air inlet channel 52, and the pipeline disc air outlet channel 531 is in communication with the gas guide groove 92. The air inlet groove 91 includes a first groove section 911 and a second groove section 912 arranged along the radial direction of the sealing ring air channel 90, and the second groove section 912 is connected between the first groove section 911 and the gas guide groove 92, the depths of the first groove section 911, the gas guide groove 92 and the second groove section 912 decrease in turn, and the width of the first groove section 911 is greater than that of the second groove section 912, by setting the depth and width of the first groove section 911 to be greater than that of the second groove section 912, it is convenient for the gas to smoothly enter the air inlet groove 91, and by setting the depth of the gas guide groove 92 to be greater than that of the second groove section 912, a step is formed at the connection between the two, so as to prevent backflow of the gas.
[0056] An inner surface of the outer ring wall 55 is provided with a pipeline disc limiting groove 551, and an outer circumferential surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat 6 is provided with a fixing seat limiting platform 62. The fixing seat limiting platform 62 is limited and matched with a bottom wall of the pipeline disc limiting groove 551 along an axial direction of the pipeline disc 5. A lower end surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat 6 and an upper end surface of the connecting wall 54 form a second drainage channel 58. The pipeline disc drainage hole 51 and the second drainage channel 58 are oppositely arranged along a radial direction of the pipeline disc 5. In an axial direction of the electric spindle, an entrance end of the pipeline disc drainage hole 51 is not higher than the upper end surface of the connecting wall 54. Through such an arrangement, water flow can smoothly enter the pipeline disc drainage hole 51, and the obstruction of water flow and machining waste caused by a step is avoided. The pipeline disc drainage hole 51 has an entrance end and an exit end. From the entrance end to the exit end, the pipeline disc drainage hole 51 is arranged in a downward slope manner, so as to facilitate the leakage water to be discharged under the action of its own gravity.
[0057] The fixing seat drainage hole 61 and the pipeline disc drainage hole 51 are arranged in a radial direction of the pipeline disc 5. That is, projections of the fixing seat drainage hole 61 and the pipeline disc drainage hole 51 along the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5 are completely not overlapped. An outer circumferential surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat 6 and an inner circumferential surface of the outer ring wall 55 form a third drainage channel 63. The fixing seat drainage hole 61 and the pipeline disc drainage hole 51 are communicated through the third drainage channel 63. When the fixing seat drainage hole 61 and the pipeline disc drainage hole 51 are arranged in a radial direction of the pipeline disc 5, the bending of the flow path is more, and the contamination from the external environment into the electric spindle is avoided. In other embodiments, at least a part of the fixing seat drainage hole 61 and at least a part of the pipeline disc drainage hole 51 can be oppositely arranged in the radial direction of the pipeline disc 5. When the fixing seat drainage hole 61 and the pipeline disc drainage hole 51 are oppositely arranged, the bending of the flow path is less, and the discharge of the leakage water and machining waste is more facilitated.
[0058] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 7 , the water storage disc 7 is annular, and is arranged in the oil cylinder fixing seat 6 and fixed to an upper end surface of the pull rod limiting sleeve 8. The water storage disc 7 is provided with a water storage groove 71. A groove opening 72 of the water storage groove 71 is arranged upward. A circumferential wall of the water storage disc 7 is provided with a water storage disc drainage hole 73 at a connecting position of the circumferential wall and a bottom wall. The water storage disc drainage hole 73 is communicated with the water storage groove 71. The leakage water discharged from the first drainage channel 31 flows into the water storage groove 71 in sequence through the fourth drainage channel 32, the fifth drainage channel 111 and the sixth drainage channel 112. The water storage groove 71 can collect the leakage water discharged from the first drainage channel 31. The water storage disc drainage hole 73 and the fixing seat drainage hole 61 are oppositely arranged and communicated in a radial direction of the water storage disc 7. The water in the water storage groove 71 flows out in sequence through the water storage disc drainage hole 73, the fixing seat drainage hole 61, the third drainage channel 63 and the pipeline disc drainage hole 51. Through the arrangement of the water storage disc 7 in the electric spindle, the temporary storage of the leakage water is facilitated. When the leakage water is too much, the water cannot be discharged in time and enters the lower bearing and motor and other components, and the function of the electric spindle is damaged or scrapped.
[0059] The number of the water storage tray drain holes 73 is one or more than two. In the embodiment, the number of the water storage tray drain holes 73 is four, and each water storage tray drain hole 73 is arranged along the circumference of the water storage tray 7. A sealing groove 74 is formed on the bottom wall of the water storage tank 71, and a sealing ring 75 is arranged in the sealing groove 74. A fixing member 76 is fixedly connected with the pull rod limiting sleeve 8 after penetrating through the sealing ring 75. The sealing ring 75 is arranged on the bottom wall of the water storage tank 71 to seal the connection position of the fixing member 76 and the water storage tray 7, so as to prevent the water from the connection position from entering the bearing and the motor below.
[0060] As shown in Figure 1 The oil cylinder fixing seat 6 is provided with a sensor 10 for detecting the water level of the water storage tank 71. After the controller receives the early warning signal of the water level sent by the sensor 10, the controller controls to stop supplying water to the cooling water channel of the rotary joint 1. Through the arrangement of the sensor 10 and the water storage tray 7, when the leakage amount of the rotary joint 1 exceeds the discharge amount, the leakage water will accumulate in the water storage tank 71. When the accumulated amount reaches the probe position of the sensor 10, the sensor 10 will send an early warning signal to reduce the risk of damage to the motorized spindle.
[0061] As can be seen from the above, when the rotary joint slightly leaks, the leakage water is sequentially discharged through the first drain channel, the fixing seat drain hole and the pipeline disc drain hole. At the same time, the gas outlet end of the gas seal structure at the rear end of the motorized spindle is communicated with the fixing seat drain hole and the pipeline disc drain hole. The impact force of the gas accelerates the discharge speed of the leakage water, and under the impact force of the gas, the machining waste is washed outward, thereby reducing the risk of the drain hole being blocked by the machining waste. In addition, the motorized spindle has a compact structure and a reasonable layout, which will not affect the overall stiffness of the motorized spindle and will not excessively affect the structural layout inside the motorized spindle. The motorized spindle has strong versatility and can be applied to most specifications of motorized spindle structures. The drainage structure and early warning function of the motorized spindle of the present application can solve the problem of damage or scrap of the motorized spindle caused by the leakage of the rotary joint and the failure to discharge in time, thereby greatly saving the time cost and economic cost of spindle maintenance and spindle replacement.
[0062] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An electric spindle comprising a rotary joint, a pull rod, a cylinder cover, a cylinder, a pipeline disc, a cylinder fixing seat, a pull rod limiting sleeve and a rear end gas seal ring arranged coaxially; the rotary joint is located at an axial end of the pull rod, and a cooling water channel in the rotary joint is communicated with a cooling water channel in the pull rod; the cylinder cover is sleeved outside the rotary joint and forms a first drainage channel between the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod; the cylinder is arranged between the cylinder cover and the cylinder fixing seat, the pull rod limiting sleeve is arranged in the cylinder fixing seat and fixedly connected with the pull rod, and the cylinder fixing seat and the rear end gas seal ring are both arranged in the pipeline disc and arranged along the axial direction of the electric spindle; characterized in that: a fixing seat drainage hole is formed in the peripheral wall of the cylinder fixing seat, a pipeline disc drainage hole is formed in the peripheral wall of the pipeline disc along the thickness direction, and the first drainage channel, the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole are sequentially communicated; a pipeline disc air inlet is formed in the pipeline disc, and a seal ring air channel is formed in the rear end gas seal ring, an air inlet end of the seal ring air channel is communicated with the pipeline disc air inlet, and at least one of the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole is communicated with an air outlet end of the seal ring air channel.
2. The electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pipeline disc comprises an inner ring wall, a connecting wall and an outer ring wall connected in sequence along the radial direction, the pipeline disc drainage hole and the pipeline disc air inlet are both located on the outer ring wall, and the inner ring wall and the outer ring wall are coaxially arranged; the inner ring wall extends from the connecting wall to the cylinder along the axial direction of the pipeline disc; an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring wall, an upper end surface of the connecting wall and an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring wall form a fixing seat mounting groove, and the cylinder fixing seat is arranged in the fixing seat mounting groove; an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring wall and a lower end surface of the connecting wall form a seal ring mounting groove, and the rear end gas seal ring is arranged in the seal ring mounting groove.
3. The electric spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that: a pipeline disc air outlet is formed in the inner ring wall and extends inwardly from the lower end surface of the inner ring wall along the axial direction of the pipeline disc, an air inlet end of the pipeline disc air outlet is communicated with an air outlet end of the seal ring air channel, the pipeline disc air outlet is provided with an air outlet port located on the outer surface of the inner ring wall, and at least one of the pipeline disc drainage hole and the fixing seat drainage hole is arranged opposite to the air outlet port in the radial direction of the pipeline disc.
4. The electric spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the number of the air outlet ports is more than one, each air outlet port is arranged opposite to the pipeline disc drainage hole in the radial direction of the pipeline disc, or each air outlet port is arranged opposite to the fixing seat drainage hole in the radial direction of the pipeline disc; or the number of the air outlet ports is more than two, at least one air outlet port is arranged opposite to the pipeline disc drainage hole in the radial direction of the pipeline disc, and at least one air outlet port is arranged opposite to the fixing seat drainage hole in the radial direction of the pipeline disc.
5. The electric spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the sealing ring air channel comprises a gas inlet groove and a gas guide groove which are in communication with each other, the gas guide groove is annular and extends along the circumferential direction of the rear end air sealing ring, and the gas inlet groove extends inward along the radial direction of the rear end air sealing ring from the outer circumferential surface of the rear end air sealing ring; the gas inlet groove is in communication with the pipeline disc air inlet channel, and the pipeline disc air outlet channel is in communication with the gas guide groove.
6. The electric spindle according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: an inner surface of the outer ring wall is provided with a pipeline disc limiting groove, an outer circumferential surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat is provided with a fixing seat limiting platform, the fixing seat limiting platform is in limiting cooperation with a bottom wall of the pipeline disc limiting groove along the axial direction of the pipeline disc, a lower end surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat and an upper end surface of the connecting wall form a second drainage channel, and the pipeline disc drainage hole and the second drainage channel are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the pipeline disc.
7. The electric spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that: at least a part of the fixing seat drainage hole and at least a part of the pipeline disc drainage hole are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the pipeline disc; or the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole are arranged in a staggered manner along the radial direction of the pipeline disc, a third drainage channel is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the oil cylinder fixing seat and the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring wall, and the fixing seat drainage hole and the pipeline disc drainage hole are in communication through the third drainage channel.
8. The electric spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that: the pipeline disc drainage hole has an inlet end and an outlet end, and from the inlet end to the outlet end, the pipeline disc drainage hole is arranged in a downwardly inclined manner; and / or in the axial direction of the electric spindle, the lowest point of the inlet end of the pipeline disc drainage hole is not higher than the upper end surface of the connecting wall.
9. The electric spindle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the electric spindle further comprises a water storage disc, the water storage disc is annular and coaxial with the pull rod; the water storage disc is arranged in the oil cylinder fixing seat and fixed to the upper end surface of the pull rod limiting sleeve; a water storage groove is arranged in the water storage disc, an opening of the water storage groove is arranged upward, a water storage disc drainage hole is arranged in the bottom of the water storage disc, the water storage disc drainage hole is in communication with the water storage groove, the water storage groove can collect water discharged from the first drainage channel, and the water storage disc drainage hole is in communication with the fixing seat drainage hole.
10. The electric spindle according to claim 9, characterized in that: the water storage disc drainage hole and the fixing seat drainage hole are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the water storage disc.
11. The electric spindle according to claim 9, characterized in that: a sensor is arranged on the oil cylinder fixing seat, the sensor is used to detect the water level of the water storage groove; the electric spindle further comprises a controller, after receiving a pre-warning signal of the water level reaching a standard sent by the sensor, the controller controls to stop water supply to the cooling water channel of the rotary joint.
12. The electric spindle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The number of the water storage disc drain holes is two or more, and each of the water storage disc drain holes is arranged along the circumference of the water storage disc; and / or A sealing groove is formed in the bottom wall of the water storage tank, a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, and a fixing member is fixedly connected with the pull rod limiting sleeve after penetrating through the sealing ring.
13. Machining center, characterized by An electric spindle comprising the electric spindle according to any one of claims 1 to 12.