Automatic assembly tool and method for linear contact of combination switch

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of contact piece assembling, and discloses an automatic assembling tool and method for a linear contact piece of a combination switch. The tool comprises a base, a rotary air cylinder, a rotary disc, a mounting plate set, a jacking assembly, an anti-falling pressing rod assembly and a control unit, the rotary disc is driven by a rotary air cylinder to be rotatably arranged on the base, and assembling stations are arranged on the base along the periphery of the rotary disc. The plurality of mounting plate groups are fixedly arranged on the turntable and rotate along with the turntable, and the mounting plate groups are used for placing the contact piece seats and the contact pieces; the jacking assembly and the anti-falling pressing rod assembly are correspondingly arranged on the assembling station. The jacking assembly is used for pushing the contact piece on the mounting plate set into the contact piece base. The anti-falling pressing rod assembly is used for pressing and locking the anti-falling blocking piece arranged on the contact piece of the contact piece base. And the control unit is in signal connection with the rotary air cylinder, the jacking assembly and the anti-falling pressing rod assembly so as to control the sequential action of jacking in place and then pressing and locking. According to the invention, automatic assembly of precise press-in and reliable locking of the contact piece is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile combination switch assembly, in particular to a combination switch straight contact automatic assembly tool and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of China's automobile industry, the production quality of automobile parts is crucial, and its safety performance and stability performance are particularly critical. Combination switch is an important system component on the automobile, which triggers related signals through the conduction of the contact piece, so the assembly quality of the contact piece component is directly related to the working performance of the combination switch and the safety of the whole vehicle.

[0003] At present, the industry has made certain progress in the automatic assembly of combination switch contacts. For example, Chinese patent CN113035613B discloses an automobile combination switch moving contact automatic assembly machine. The assembly machine adopts a rotary table multi-station design, and through the rotary table circulating transport jig, it sequentially completes the clamping of the shell and the slider, the cutting and assembly of the moving contact, the shell sliding groove oiling, the contact height detection and the slider assembly and other processes. In this scheme, the assembly of the moving contact is achieved by cutting the contact from the tape by a cutting module, and then the mechanical hand grabs and places it on the corresponding slider.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned prior art still has the following limitations:

[0005] 1. This scheme mainly solves the "grabbing-placing" problem of the contact in the macro level, but it does not involve the more in-depth assembly requirements such as precise pressing and permanent locking of the contact after it is assembled into the contact seat (such as pressing the anti-falling stopper on the contact to make it tightly clamped in the contact seat). The placing action of the mechanical hand cannot provide stable and controllable pressing force, making it difficult to ensure the reliability and consistency of the locking.

[0006] 2. The device is a complex integrated system, and its design focus is on the process integration and turnover of multiple processes, but it lacks depth optimization in terms of precision, reliability and specialization of single assembly process. For some precise contact components with high requirements for pressing quality and anti-falling, the assembly effect of this scheme may not meet the quality requirements. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides a combination switch straight contact automatic assembly tool, which realizes the automatic assembly of precise pressing and reliable anti-falling locking of straight contact, and ensures the assembly quality and production efficiency of the contact component.

[0008] The present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] The application provides a combined switch linear contact piece automatic assembly tool, which comprises a base, a rotary cylinder, a rotating disc, a mounting plate group, a pressing assembly, an anti-falling pressure rod assembly and a control unit.

[0010] The rotary cylinder is fixedly installed on the base.

[0011] The rotating disc is connected with the output end of the rotary cylinder and is rotatably arranged on the base driven by the rotary cylinder; an upper feeding station and an assembly station are arranged on the base along the periphery of the rotating disc.

[0012] At least two mounting plate groups are fixedly arranged on the rotating disc and rotate with the rotating disc; the mounting plate group is provided with a mounting groove for accommodating a contact piece seat and a mounting guide groove for guiding a contact piece.

[0013] The pressing assembly is arranged on the base and corresponds to the assembly station, and is used for pushing the contact piece into the contact piece seat in the mounting groove.

[0014] The anti-falling pressure rod assembly is arranged on the base and corresponds to the assembly station and is located above the mounting plate group, and is used for pressing the anti-falling flange on the contact piece in the contact piece seat to realize locking.

[0015] The control unit is signal connected with the rotary cylinder, the pressing assembly and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly, and is used for controlling the pressing assembly and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly to sequentially act in the order of "first pressing and then locking".

[0016] As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the pressing assembly comprises a first cylinder, a first linear slide rail group, a pressure head push plate, a contact piece pressure head and a first limiting part; the pressure head push plate is connected with the piston rod of the first cylinder and is slidingly connected with the first linear slide rail group; the contact piece pressure head is installed at the front end of the pressure head push plate; and the first limiting part is arranged at the stroke end of the first cylinder.

[0017] The first limiting part is arranged at the stroke end of the first cylinder and is used for limiting the maximum advancing position of the pressure head push plate, so as to accurately control the final pressing depth of the contact piece. This arrangement avoids the problems of over-pressing or under-pressing caused by cylinder stroke drift or air pressure fluctuation, and ensures that the assembly quality of each workpiece in mass production is highly consistent.

[0018] As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the pressing assembly further comprises a pre-pressing piece, the pre-pressing piece is arranged at the front end of the contact piece pressure head, the shape of the front end of the pre-pressing piece is matched with the contact piece, and the pre-pressing piece can extend into the internal space of the contact piece or be clamped with the contact piece, so as to prevent the contact piece from being warped or twisted during assembly; and the first limiting part comprises a first limiting screw and a first oil pressure buffer.

[0019] Since the pre-pressing part bears the initial centering and pre-pressing functions, the contact patch pusher is more uniformly stressed in the subsequent advancing process, avoiding partial load or jam caused by initial misalignment.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the top pressing assembly further comprises a connecting piece, which is arranged in the shape of "7", and connects the pusher plate and the contact patch pusher; one end of the connecting piece is provided with a long hole, and a fastener passes through the long hole to connect the connecting piece with the pusher plate.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the anti-falling pressing rod assembly comprises a second air cylinder, a second linear slide rail set, a pressing needle push plate, a pressing needle adjusting plate, a tungsten steel pressing needle, and a second limiting part; the pressing needle push plate is connected with the piston rod of the second air cylinder and is in sliding connection with the second linear slide rail set; the pressing needle adjusting plate is installed at the lower end of the pressing needle push plate; the tungsten steel pressing needle is installed at the lower end of the pressing needle adjusting plate; and the second limiting part is arranged at the end of the stroke of the second air cylinder.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, horizontal adjustment structures are arranged between the pressing needle adjusting plate and the pressing needle push plate and between the tungsten steel pressing needle and the pressing needle adjusting plate, so that the tungsten steel pressing needle can be adjusted in multiple directions in the horizontal plane.

[0023] More preferably, the horizontal adjustment structures are long holes matched with fasteners, fine adjustment screws, slider guide grooves, etc., and the horizontal adjustment structures allow the tungsten steel pressing needle to be adjusted steplessly in the X, Y directions and angles. This arrangement can accurately calibrate the alignment of the center of the pressing needle with the pressing area of the anti-falling blocking piece on the contact patch, thereby improving the assembly yield.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the horizontal adjustment structures comprise a first long hole and a second long hole opened in the pressing needle adjusting plate, and the extension directions of the first long hole and the second long hole are perpendicular to each other; a fastener passes through the first long hole to connect the pressing needle adjusting plate with the pressing needle push plate, and a fastener passes through the second long hole to connect the tungsten steel pressing needle with the pressing needle adjusting plate.

[0025] The first long hole and the second long hole are perpendicular to each other and correspond to the adjustment degrees of freedom of the X axis and the Y axis directions, respectively. By loosening the fasteners, the position of the pressing needle adjusting plate relative to the pressing needle push plate can be adjusted along the first long hole (to achieve coarse adjustment or large-range displacement), and then the position of the tungsten steel pressing needle relative to the adjusting plate can be adjusted along the second long hole (to achieve fine adjustment or local fine adjustment). This orthogonal layout avoids coupling interference during adjustment, ensures independent controllability in each direction, and significantly improves the centering accuracy.

[0026] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the rotary cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are each provided with a position sensor for detecting the position of a piston rod, and the position sensor is in signal connection with the control unit.

[0027] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the mounting plate set is provided with a mounting seat groove and a contact piece sliding groove, the mounting seat groove is arranged at one end of the contact piece sliding groove close to the center of the rotary disc, and the mounting guide groove is formed by the contact piece sliding groove and the pressing plates arranged on both sides of the contact piece sliding groove, and the height of the mounting guide groove is slightly greater than the thickness of the contact piece.

[0028] The height of the mounting guide groove is designed to be "slightly greater than the thickness of the contact piece", which not only ensures sufficient clearance for the contact piece to advance in the groove to avoid jamming, but also effectively limits the vertical movement space of the contact piece to prevent it from jumping or tilting due to vibration or fluctuation of the pushing force. This micro-gap design achieves the best balance between smooth movement and position stability, significantly improving the assembly yield.

[0029] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the rotary disc is circumferentially arranged with 2N mounting plate sets for assembling N types of contact pieces, and two mounting plate sets of the same type of contact piece are symmetrically or adjacently arranged.

[0030] The present application provides an assembly method using the above-mentioned contact piece automatic assembly tool, comprising the following steps:

[0031] The contact piece seat is placed into the mounting seat groove, and the contact piece is placed into the mounting guide groove; the rotation of the mounting plate set is controlled, and the mounting plate set with the contact piece and the contact piece seat is switched from the feeding station to the assembly station;

[0032] The action of the tightening assembly is controlled, and the contact piece is pushed into the contact piece seat from the mounting guide groove;

[0033] The action of the anti-falling pressing rod assembly is controlled, and the anti-falling stopper on the contact piece is pressed tightly to lock the position of the contact piece and the contact piece seat;

[0034] The anti-falling pressing rod assembly and the tightening assembly are controlled to reset, and the rotation of the mounting plate set is controlled to reset, and the assembled contact piece assembly is switched to the next station.

[0035] The beneficial effects are:

[0036] 1. The existing technology is mostly limited to the "grabbing and placing" stage, and cannot guarantee the reliable connection between the contact piece and the contact piece seat. The present application applies a stable and controllable pushing force to the contact piece through the independent tightening assembly to ensure that it is completely and accurately embedded in the contact piece seat, and then the anti-falling stopper on the contact piece is pressed tightly and locked through the anti-falling pressing rod assembly to achieve mechanical self-locking, thereby fundamentally preventing the contact piece from loosening or falling off due to vibration or thermal expansion and contraction during use, and greatly improving the reliability of assembly and the safety of long-term use of the product.

[0037] 2、The application controls the timing of the top assembly and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly through the control unit, strictly implements the action sequence of "first top to the position, then press and lock". The logic meets the actual assembly process requirements: the complete insertion of the contact piece must be completed first, and then the pressing operation of the blocking piece is performed, avoiding defects such as contact piece deformation, blocking piece fracture or pressure assembly not in place due to reversed sequence, effectively ensuring the assembly quality.

[0038] 3、The application is a compact and reasonable independent special tool module. It can be used as an independent device, and can also be easily integrated into existing automatic production lines or large assembly machines (such as the device described in CN113035613B), as a high-efficiency and high-reliability sub-module, improving the technical level and quality limit of the entire production line. Modular design also makes daily maintenance and maintenance more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a structure diagram of a steering moving contact piece;

[0040] Figure 2 is a structure diagram of a variable light moving contact piece; since the variable light moving contact piece and the steering moving contact piece have different structures, the contact piece seat matched and installed with them is also different;

[0041] Figure 3 is a structure diagram of a contact piece assembly;

[0042] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3 ;

[0043] Figure 5 is a structure diagram of an automatic assembly tool of the application;

[0044] Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 5 ;

[0045] Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of part B in Figure 5 ;

[0046] Figure 8 is a structure diagram of a pre-pressing piece, a contact piece pressing head and a connecting piece;

[0047] Figure 9 is a front view structure diagram of Figure 8 .

[0048] EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMBERS:

[0049] 1, rotary disc; 2, mounting plate group; 21, contact slide groove; 22, mounting seat groove; 23, mounting guide groove; 24, pressing plate; 3, jacking assembly; 32, pre-pressing piece; 33, pressure head push plate; 34, contact pressure head; 35, first limiting screw; 36, first buffer; 37, connecting piece; 4, anti-falling pressure rod assembly; 43, pressure needle push plate; 44, pressure needle adjusting plate; 441, first long hole; 442, second long hole; 45, tungsten steel pressure needle; 46, second limiting screw; 47, second buffer; 5, control unit; 6, position sensor; 7, contact; 71, anti-falling stop piece; 8, contact seat; 9, electromagnetic control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described below in detail with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. Those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described below are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] Any number of elements in the drawings is used for illustration only and not for limitation, and any naming is only for distinction and does not have any limiting meaning.

[0052] The principles and spirits of the present application will be explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments of the present application.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1 and 2 are structural schematic diagrams of light-changing moving contacts and turning moving contacts; Figure 3 and Figure 4 are contact assemblies after the turning moving contacts and the turning contact seats are assembled. In the prior art, the quality hidden troubles such as contact loosening and falling are caused by simply relying on "grabbing and placing" of a mechanical hand, and the present application realizes permanent mechanical locking of the contacts and the contact seats by the cooperative sequential operation of the jacking assembly and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly, i.e., first jacking into position and then pressing and locking, thereby ensuring the high reliability and long-term stability of the product.

[0054] The combination switch straight-line contact automatic assembly tool and method provided by the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and application scenarios. Figures 5-9

[0055] In one aspect, the present application provides a combination switch straight-line contact automatic assembly tool, as shown in Figures 5-9 ​As shown, the assembly tool includes a base, a rotary cylinder, a rotary table 1, a plurality of mounting plate groups 2, a clamping assembly 3, a anti-falling pressure rod assembly 4 and a control unit 5, the rotary cylinder is fixedly installed on the base; the rotary table 1 is connected with the output end of the rotary cylinder and is rotatably arranged on the base driven by the rotary cylinder, the base is provided with a feeding station and an assembly station along the periphery of the rotary table 1; the plurality of mounting plate groups 2 are fixedly arranged on the rotary table 1 and rotate with the rotary table 1, the mounting plate group 2 is provided with a mounting groove 22 for accommodating the contact piece seat 8 and a mounting guide groove 23 for guiding the contact piece 7; the clamping assembly 3 and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly 4 are arranged on the base and correspond to the assembly station, the clamping assembly 3 is used for pushing the contact piece 7 into the contact piece seat 8 in the mounting groove 22; the anti-falling pressure rod assembly 4 is correspondingly arranged above the mounting plate group 2 of the assembly station, and is used for pressing the anti-falling baffle 71 on the contact piece 7 into the contact piece seat 8, so that the anti-falling baffle 71 is positionally locked with the contact piece seat 8; the control unit 5 is used for controlling the clamping assembly 3 and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly 4 to sequentially act in the order of “clamping first and then locking”.

[0056] The present application cooperates the clamping assembly 3 and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly 4 to sequentially work, the contact piece 7 is accurately pushed into the contact piece seat 8 by the clamping assembly 3 first, and then the anti-falling baffle 71 on the contact piece 7 is pressed and locked by the anti-falling pressure rod assembly 4. The two-stage precise pressing assembly process of “inserting first and then riveting” fundamentally solves the quality problems such as loose and falling of the contact piece 7 caused by simply relying on the mechanical hand “placement” in the prior art, realizes permanent mechanical locking, and ensures high reliability and long-term stability of the product.

[0057] The assembly tool can meet the automatic assembly of one or more contact pieces 7.

[0058] According to some optional embodiments, in the case that the assembly tool assembles only one kind of contact piece 7, two or three mounting plate groups 2 can be arranged on the rotary table 1 at equal intervals, and each mounting plate group 2 corresponds to one station. When two stations are arranged along the periphery of the rotary table 1 on the base, two mounting plate groups 2 are arranged on the rotary table 1, and the two mounting plate groups 2 alternately are in the assembly station and the feeding and discharging station. When three stations are arranged along the periphery of the rotary table 1 on the base, three mounting plate groups 2 are arranged on the rotary table 1, and the three mounting plate groups 2 alternately are in the assembly station, the feeding station and the discharging station.

[0059] In the embodiment, the assembly tool is used to meet the assembly of two kinds of contacts 7, namely light changing moving contact 7 and steering moving contact 7; two kinds of workstations are arranged on the base, namely feeding and discharging workstation and assembly workstation. Four mounting plate groups 2 are arranged equidistantly on the rotating disc 1 (two mounting plate groups 2 are arranged for each kind of contact 7), and the two mounting plate groups 2 of the same kind of contact 7 are arranged symmetrically left and right. In use, the mounting plate group 2 is rotated 180° under the drive of the rotary cylinder, and the mounting plate group 2 provided with the contact 7 and the contact seat 8 is rotated from the feeding and discharging workstation to the assembly workstation. The workstations are switched 180° by the rotary cylinder drive, realizing the parallel operation mode that the assembly is carried out on one workstation and the feeding and discharging is carried out on the other workstation at the same time, greatly shortening the process beat and avoiding the waiting time of the traditional assembly line.

[0060] In order to improve the assembly efficiency, four workstations are arranged on the base, namely two feeding and discharging workstations and two assembly workstations, and the top pressing assembly 3 and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly 4 are arranged on each assembly workstation. The arrangement can simultaneously assemble two kinds of contacts 7 (i.e. light changing moving contact 7 and steering moving contact 7), so that the position of the contact 7 mounting plate group 2 does not need to be frequently changed in use, two contact 7 assembly workstations are arranged, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the cost is reduced; in use, the assembly of two kinds of contact assemblies can be completed at the same time, the work efficiency of the operator is improved, and the working time is saved. The existing equipment solves the problem that the assembly workstation on the contact 7 mounting plate group 2 can only meet the assembly of one kind of contact 7 (or light changing moving contact 7 or steering moving contact 7); when another kind of contact 7 is assembled, the contact 7 mounting plate group 2 needs to be manually rotated, and the required contact 7 needs to be replaced. Due to the different sizes of the contact assemblies, only one kind of contact 7 mounting plate group 2 cannot complete the assembly of two kinds of contacts 7.

[0061] According to some optional embodiments, the assembly tool is used to assemble N kinds of contacts 7, 2N mounting plate groups 2 are arranged equidistantly on the rotating disc 1, and the two mounting plate groups 2 of the same kind of contact 7 are arranged symmetrically left and right. Of course, the two mounting plate groups 2 of the same type of contact 7 can also be arranged adjacent to each other.

[0062] By configuring two mounting plate groups 2 for each kind of contact 7 and arranging them on the assembly workstation and the feeding and discharging workstation respectively, the feeding or discharging operation of the contact seat 8 and the contact 7 can be simultaneously completed on the other workstation of the same type while the top pressing and locking operation is carried out on one workstation. The arrangement completely eliminates the waiting time after the assembly is completed, realizes continuous production, and significantly improves the production capacity per unit time.

[0063] According to some optional embodiments, N assembly workstations and feeding and discharging workstations can be arranged on the rotating disc 1 respectively, and N kinds of contacts 7 can be simultaneously assembled and fed and discharged.

[0064] Each assembly station independently completes the pressing operation of one type of contact 7, while the corresponding feeding and discharging stations simultaneously load the contact seat 8 and the contact 7 of the same type or unload the assembled parts. N types of contact assemblies are processed in parallel without interference, and the complete assembly process of N products can be completed in unit time, the production capacity is linearly improved, and it is especially suitable for intelligent manufacturing scenarios with multiple varieties and large quantities.

[0065] Assembly and feeding and discharging are completely separated in space and completely synchronized in time. When all assembly stations are performing pressing operations, all feeding and discharging stations can simultaneously complete feeding or discharging actions. The turntable 1 only needs one indexing action to switch all stations to the next stage without any idle waiting period, the equipment time utilization rate approaches the theoretical limit, and the production cycle is significantly shortened.

[0066] A plurality of mounting plate groups 2 are distributed at equal intervals along the periphery of the turntable 1, and the mounting plate groups 2 correspond to the feeding stations or assembly stations; the mounting plate groups 2 provide assembly platforms for the assembly of the contact 7 and the contact seat 8. The mounting plate groups 2 are provided with mounting seat grooves 22 and contact sliding grooves 21, the mounting seat grooves 22 are used to accommodate the contact seat 8, and the contact sliding grooves 21 are used to place the contact 7. The mounting seat grooves 22 are arranged at one end of the contact sliding grooves 21 close to the center of the turntable 1, and the two sides of the end of the contact sliding grooves 21 close to the mounting seat grooves 22 are provided with pressing plates 24, the pressing plates 24 and the contact sliding grooves 21 form mounting guide grooves 23, the height of the mounting guide grooves 23 is slightly greater than the thickness of the contact 7, the mounting guide grooves 23 can prevent the contact 7 from deviating on one hand, and on the other hand, can prevent the contact 7 from being warped during assembly; when the contact 7 is assembled, the contact 7 slides into the mounting guide grooves 23 from the contact sliding grooves 21, and finally enters the contact seat 8.

[0067] Referring to Figure 7 , the mounting guide grooves 23 are jointly formed by the contact sliding grooves 21 and the pressing plates 24 arranged on both sides thereof, forming a semi-enclosed guide channel. This structure effectively restricts the contact 7 in the X direction (lateral direction) and the Z direction (up and down), preventing it from sliding laterally, jumping up and down, or warping due to uneven force during the pushing process of the pressing assembly 3, ensuring that the contact 7 advances smoothly and linearly, and improving assembly stability.

[0068] The two pressing plates 24 are usually fixed to the top of the contact sliding groove 21 by screws and can be replaced. When it is necessary to adapt to contact 7 of different thicknesses or widths, only the pressing plates 24 of the corresponding size need to be replaced or their height needs to be adjusted, so that the mounting guide grooves 23 can be quickly reconfigured without the need to replace the entire mounting plate group 2, reducing the cost of model change and improving the flexibility of the tooling.

[0069] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6, the top tight assembly 3 includes a first cylinder, a first linear slide rail group, a pressure head push plate 33, a connecting piece 37, a contact piece pressure head 34, a pre-pressing piece 32, a first limiting screw 35 and a first buffer 36; the first cylinder piston rod end is provided with the pressure head push plate 33, the pressure head push plate 33 is slidably connected with the first linear slide rail group, so that the horizontal movement of the pressure head push plate 33 is smooth and smooth; the first cylinder drives the pressure head push plate 33 to move along the first linear slide rail group. The contact piece pressure head 34 is installed at the front end of the pressure head push plate 33 through the connecting piece 37, and the pre-pressing piece 32 is installed at the front end of the contact piece pressure head 34. The height of the connecting piece 37 located at the position of the pressure head push plate 33 is adjustable, the height of the contact piece pressure head 34 and the pre-pressing piece 32 is adjusted through the height adjustment of the connecting piece 37, so that the contact piece pressure head 34 can correspond to the position of the pressed contact piece 7. The first limiting screw 35 and the buffer are arranged at the stroke end of the first cylinder, for limiting the stroke of the first cylinder, the first buffer 36 can make the first cylinder stop slowly, protect the cylinder from impact damage, and the first limiting screw 35 can balance the limiting of the first cylinder, ensure the operation progress of the first cylinder.

[0070] By setting the sliding fit of the first linear slide rail group and the pressure head push plate 33, a linear guide mechanism with high rigidity and low friction is constructed, ensuring that the contact piece pressure head 34 moves stably and without deviation during the pushing process.

[0071] The first cylinder serves as a power source, providing stable and adjustable thrust output, and cooperating with the control unit 5 to realize precise control of the pressing force. Through the collaborative work of "cylinder driving + linear slide rail guiding", the force value fluctuation caused by simply placing the mechanical hand or manually pressing is avoided, ensuring that each pressing action meets the process requirements and effectively preventing poor contact or part damage caused by insufficient pressing or over-pressing.

[0072] Referring to Figure 9 , the front end of the contact piece pressure head 34 is adapted to the tail structure of the contact piece 7, which can effectively constrain the contact piece 7 and prevent it from twisting or deviating during the pushing process, improving the positioning accuracy and consistency of the assembly.

[0073] Referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the pre-pressing piece 32 is arranged at the front end of the contact piece pressure head 34, and the shape of the front end is adapted to the local structure of the contact piece 7, which can first contact and partially embed into the concave structure or clamping area of the contact piece 7, realizing the preliminary positioning and pre-pressing of the contact piece 7. The width of the pre-pressing piece 32 is less than the width of the installation guide groove 23.

[0074] The pre-pressing piece 32 and the contact piece pressing head 34 form a "double-point constraint" structure in cooperation: the pre-pressing piece 32 is responsible for front-end positioning and anti-uplift, and the contact piece pressing head 34 is responsible for pushing and final embedding. The double-limiting mechanism comprehensively constrains the degree of freedom of the contact piece 7 in space, effectively prevents the contact piece 7 from being twisted, tilted or bouncing during pushing, ensures that the contact piece 7 is accurately loaded along the predetermined track into the contact piece seat 8, avoids poor contact, virtual connection or early failure caused by assembly stress concentration, and greatly improves the electrical performance and long-term reliability of the combination switch.

[0075] According to some optional embodiments, the pre-pressing piece 32 can be designed as an independent replaceable module, which is customized to match the internal space or engagement features (such as hole positions, groove types, bosses) of different types of contact pieces 7. This modular design enables the tooling to quickly adapt to various contact piece 7 structures without the need to replace the entire pressing head assembly, reducing maintenance costs and improving the device's adaptability in multi-variety mixed production.

[0076] Referring to Figure 8 In the present embodiment, the connecting piece 37 is arranged in the shape of "7", and the connecting piece 37 connects the pressing head push plate 33 and the contact piece pressing head 34. One end of the connecting piece 37 is provided with a long hole, and a fastener passes through the long hole to connect the connecting piece 37 and the pressing head push plate 33. One end of the connecting piece 37 is provided with a long hole, and a fastener (such as a bolt) passes through the hole to connect the pressing head push plate 33. By adjusting the installation position of the fastener along the long hole, stepless height adjustment of the contact piece pressing head 34 in the vertical direction can be achieved.

[0077] This arrangement can accurately compensate for assembly deviations caused by part processing errors, wear or height differences of different types of contact piece assemblies, ensure that the pressing head always maintains the best contact posture with the contact piece 7, and improve the pressing assembly success rate. In an automatic assembly system, there may be slight positional deviations in each component (such as the turntable 1 and the contact piece seat 8). Through the adjustment function of the long hole, the connecting piece 37 can absorb these accumulated errors, ensuring that the contact piece pressing head 34 and the pre-pressing piece 32 are always accurately aligned with the contact piece 7 entrance, avoiding pressing jamming, contact piece 7 deformation or pressing head damage caused by misalignment, and enhancing the fault tolerance and operation reliability of the tooling.

[0078] The connecting piece 37, as a standardized intermediate connecting module, can realize quick disassembly and assembly between the contact piece pressing head 34 and the pressing head push plate 33. When the pressing head is worn or damaged, only the pressing head or the connecting piece 37 needs to be replaced, without the need to replace the entire push plate or cylinder assembly, reducing maintenance costs and facilitating spare parts management and on-site quick repair.

[0079] The first limit screw 35 precisely defines the end of the press-fitting stroke, ensures consistent press-in depth each time, and meets the high consistency process requirements of automobile parts. The first oil pressure buffer absorbs residual kinetic energy at the end of the stroke, relieving mechanical impact. The two work together to ensure that the press-fitting is in place while avoiding rigid collision damage to the pre-pressing part 32, the contact piece 7, and the tooling structure, improving the smoothness, safety, and long-term stability of the equipment operation.

[0080] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the anti-falling pressure rod assembly 4 includes a second air cylinder, a second linear slide rail set, a pressure pin push plate 43, a pressure pin adjustment plate 44, a tungsten steel pressure pin 45, a second limit screw 46, and a second buffer 47. The pressure pin push plate 43 is installed at the end of the second air cylinder piston rod, and the pressure pin push plate 43 is slidingly connected with the second linear slide rail set to keep the pressure pin push plate 43 running smoothly and stably. The second air cylinder drives the pressure pin push plate 43 to move along the second linear slide rail set. The pressure pin adjustment plate 44 is installed at the lower end of the pressure pin push plate 43, and the tungsten steel pressure pin 45 is assembled at the lower end of the pressure pin adjustment plate 44, which can be adjusted in four directions: front, back, left, and right, making it convenient to adjust the position of the tungsten steel pressure pin 45 corresponding to the anti-falling baffle 71 on the contact piece 7. The second limit screw 46 and the second buffer 47 are provided at the end of the stroke of the second air cylinder, used to limit the stroke of the second air cylinder. The buffer can make the second air cylinder stop slowly, protecting the second air cylinder from impact damage, and the limit screw can balance the limit of the second air cylinder, ensuring the progress of the second air cylinder operation.

[0081] With reference to Figure 6In the embodiment, the pressing needle adjusting plate 44 is arranged in a bent manner, and the first long slot hole 441 and the second long slot hole 442 are arranged on the two bent surfaces of the pressing needle adjusting plate 44, respectively. The extending directions of the first long slot hole 441 and the second long slot hole 442 are perpendicular to each other. The pressing needle adjusting plate 44 is connected with the pressing needle push plate 43 through a fastener. The tungsten steel pressing needle 45 is connected with the pressing needle adjusting plate 44 through a fastener. The fastener passes through the first long slot hole 441 to fixedly connect the pressing needle adjusting plate 44 on the pressing needle push plate 43. The fastener passes through the second long slot hole 442 to fixedly connect the tungsten steel pressing needle 45 on the pressing needle adjusting plate 44. By loosening the fastener matched with the first long slot hole 441 and the second long slot hole 442, the tungsten steel pressing needle 45 can be adjusted in four directions of front and back and left and right in the horizontal plane relative to the pressing needle push plate 43, so as to drive the tungsten steel pressing needle 45 to realize accurate alignment with the position of the anti-falling baffle 71 on the contact piece 7. After the adjustment is completed, the fastener is tightened to lock the tungsten steel pressing needle 45 at the target position. The pressing needle adjusting plate 44 is installed at the lower end of the pressing needle push plate 43 and serves as the mounting base of the tungsten steel pressing needle 45. The horizontal or angular fine adjustment can be realized through bolt connection or guide groove structure. The arrangement allows accurate calibration of the relative position of the tungsten steel pressing needle 45 and the anti-falling baffle 71 during equipment debugging or model change, ensures that the tungsten steel pressing needle 45 accurately acts on the target area, avoids bias, pressure leakage or pressure injury to the adjacent structure, and improves the assembly yield.

[0082] The tungsten steel pressing needle 45 is accurately pressed downward along the second linear slide rail group under the driving of the second cylinder, acts on the anti-falling baffle 71 on the contact piece 7, presses and embeds the anti-falling baffle 71 into the clamping groove of the contact piece seat 8, and forms a permanent mechanical locking. The action ensures that the contact piece 7 will not be loose or fall out due to vibration, thermal expansion and contraction or electrical shock in the subsequent use process.

[0083] Tungsten steel (hard alloy) has extremely high hardness and excellent wear resistance, which is much better than ordinary steel or stainless steel. In the continuous pressing needle operation with high frequency and high pressure, the tungsten steel pressing needle 45 is not easy to wear, deform or produce burrs, can long-term maintain the shape accuracy of the tip, avoid the situation that the pressing needle is not pressed in place due to dulling, the baffle is raised or the contact piece seat 8 is damaged, greatly prolongs the replacement cycle of the key vulnerable parts, and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0084] The second linear slide rail group is slidably connected with the pressing needle push plate 43, provides high rigidity and low friction guide support for the up and down movement of the tungsten steel pressing needle 45, and ensures that the tungsten steel pressing needle 45 always maintains a vertical posture during the pressing process, without shaking or lateral force. The arrangement effectively prevents the baffle from being pressed off-center, pressed through or the contact piece seat 8 from being locally stress concentrated due to the inclination of the pressing needle, and guarantees the stability and consistency of the locking action.

[0085] The second limiting component (i.e. the second limiting screw 46 and the second buffer 47) is arranged at the end of the second cylinder stroke, for limiting the maximum down-pressing position of the needle pressing push plate 43, so as to accurately control the pressing depth of the tungsten steel needle 45. The over-pressing phenomenon caused by air pressure fluctuation or control system error is avoided, the deformation of the contact patch seat 8, the fracture of the blocking piece, and the damage of the base material are prevented, and it is ensured that each pressing action is completed within the safe process range.

[0086] The anti-falling pressing rod assembly 4 realizes high precision, high reliability and long service life in the pressing and locking process of the anti-falling blocking piece 71 of the contact patch 7 through the cooperative design of "cylinder driving + linear guide + staged adjustment + hard pressing needle + accurate limiting".

[0087] In the embodiment, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are micro linear cylinders. The first buffer 36 and the second buffer 47 are oil pressure buffers. Sensors for detecting the position of the piston rod are arranged on the rotary cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and the sensors are signal connected with the control unit 5. The sensors are used for detecting the execution state of each process cylinder.

[0088] In the embodiment, the sensors are position sensors 6, and two position sensors 6 are arranged for each cylinder to detect position information (i.e. each cylinder has a cylinder extension position sensor and a cylinder retraction position sensor, and three cylinders have a total of six sensors, and the sensor signals are all connected to the control unit 5. The control unit 5 receives the position sensor 6 information to implement action control. Each cylinder is connected with an electromagnetic control valve 9, and the electromagnetic control valve 9 controls the on-off of the air path of the cylinder, so as to realize different actions of the three cylinders.

[0089] The position sensor 6 can detect the running position of the piston rod of each cylinder in real time, and confirm whether it reaches the preset starting position, intermediate position or end position. The control unit 5 can judge whether the rotary disc 1 is accurately indexed, whether the clamping assembly 3 is completed, and whether the anti-falling pressing rod is completed through the position sensor 6 signal, so as to ensure that each process is completely executed, and avoid assembly defects such as "missing process" or "action not completed".

[0090] Through position feedback, the control unit 5 can accurately master the motion timing of each execution mechanism, and dynamically adjust the action logic. For example, only when the clamping assembly 3 is completely retracted and the position sensor 6 confirms that the piston rod is reset, the rotary disc 1 is allowed to start rotating, so as to prevent motion interference. The linkage control mechanism effectively avoids the equipment collision or jamming caused by cylinder response delay or jamming, and ensures the stability and beat consistency of continuous operation.

[0091] When a certain cylinder does not reach the target position within the set time (such as a stuck cylinder, insufficient air pressure, or excessive load), the position sensor 6 will not output the in-position signal, and the control unit 5 will determine that there is an "abnormal operation" and immediately trigger the stop protection, sound and light alarm, or error code prompt. This function significantly improves the self-diagnosis capability of the device, allowing the operator to quickly locate the fault point, shorten the downtime, and improve the maintainability of the device.

[0092] According to some optional embodiments, the sensor can also be a magnetic switch, a proximity switch, a photoelectric sensor, or a linear displacement sensor.

[0093] In this embodiment, the control unit 5 is a PLC controller. The completion of each action is detected by the position sensor 6 and fed back to the PLC controller, which sends an action control signal to trigger the next action.

[0094] On the other hand, the present application provides an assembly method for combining the straight linear contact piece and the contact piece seat, which is used for assembling the contact piece 7 and the contact piece seat 8 in some embodiments described above; including the following steps:

[0095] S1 Feeding and station switching: manually or through an auxiliary feeding device, the contact piece seat 8 is accurately placed in the mounting seat groove 22 of the mounting plate group 2 located in the feeding station, and the contact piece 7 is placed in the contact piece sliding groove 21; after completion, the control unit 5 controls the rotary cylinder to act, drives the rotating disc 1 to rotate by a predetermined angle (such as 180° / 90° / 60° / 45°, etc.), and switches the mounting plate group 2 that has completed feeding from the feeding station to the assembly station, while switching the mounting plate group 2 that has completed assembly or the empty mounting plate group 2 to the feeding station.

[0096] S2 Contact piece 7 top pressing assembly: when the position sensor 6 of the rotary cylinder detects that the mounting plate group 2 is rotated in place, a signal is sent to the control unit 5; after receiving the signal, the control unit 5 controls the electromagnetic control valve 9 of the rotary cylinder to be disconnected and controls the first cylinder of the top pressing assembly 3 to act, driving the push plate 33 and the contact piece push head 34 to move forward along the first linear sliding rail group; the contact piece push head 34 contacts the contact piece 7 and smoothly pushes it into the contact piece seat 8 from the mounting guide groove 23; when the first cylinder moves to the end of the stroke defined by the first limit screw 35 and the first oil buffer, the contact piece 7 is pressed into place, at which time the position sensor 6 on the first cylinder triggers and feeds back a pressing completion signal to the control unit 5.

[0097] S3 Anti-falling baffle 71 compression lock: after the control unit 5 receives the touch piece 7 compression completion signal, the second cylinder of the anti-falling compression rod assembly 4 is controlled to act, driving the compression needle push plate 43, the compression needle adjusting plate 44 and the tungsten steel compression needle 45 to move downward along the second linear slide rail group; the tungsten steel compression needle 45 is accurately pressed to the anti-falling baffle 71 which has been pre-formed on the touch piece 7, so that it is plastically deformed and compressed into the corresponding clamping groove in the touch piece seat 8; when the second cylinder moves to the end of the stroke defined by the second limiting screw 46 and the second oil pressure buffer, the anti-falling baffle 71 is compressed and locked in place, at which time the position sensor 6 on the second cylinder triggers, feeding back a locking completion signal to the control unit 5.

[0098] S4 Reset and material taking: after the control unit 5 receives the locking completion signal, the second cylinder is controlled to retract and reset; after the second cylinder is reset, the first cylinder is controlled to retract and reset; then, the control unit 5 controls the rotary cylinder to act again, driving the rotating disc 1 to rotate by a predetermined angle, switching the assembled touch piece assembly to the unloading station and sending a prompt signal (such as a beeping sound); the operator or the unloading manipulator takes the assembled touch piece assembly at the unloading station.

[0099] S5 Cycle operation: repeat steps S1 to S4 to realize automatic and cyclic assembly of the linear touch piece of the combination switch.

[0100] According to some optional embodiments, at least one vacuum suction hole is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat groove 22; the tool further includes a vacuum generating system, which includes a vacuum flow channel and a vacuum generator, the vacuum flow channel being in communication with the vacuum suction hole and the vacuum generator, and the vacuum flow channel being arranged inside the mounting plate group 2 and / or the rotating disc 1 assembly; the vacuum generator is signal-connected with the control unit 5.

[0101] When the touch piece seat 8 is placed in the mounting seat groove 22, the control unit 5 controls the vacuum generator to start work, generating negative pressure through the vacuum flow channel and the vacuum suction hole to firmly adsorb the touch piece seat 8 in the mounting seat groove 22, so as to prevent displacement or accidental falling during station switching and assembly. After assembly is completed or material is taken, the control unit 5 controls the vacuum generator to stop working.

[0102] Through negative pressure adsorption, the touch piece seat 8 can be kept stable under high-speed rotation and assembly impact, completely avoiding displacement or falling caused by inertia or vibration, ensuring assembly precision and yield. In addition, negative pressure adsorption eliminates the complex operation space and adjustment steps that may be required for traditional mechanical clamping mechanisms, realizing quick and automatic clamping and releasing of the touch piece seat 8 (only the vacuum generator needs to be turned on and off). At the same time, negative pressure adsorption is not sensitive to changes in the shape and size of the touch piece seat 8, and only needs to ensure that the contact surface is smooth, enhancing the universality of the tool.

[0103] According to some optional embodiments, the front end of the blanking manipulator is fixed with a micro suction cup, and the completed contact patch 7 group is taken off from the equipment through the micro suction cup, which avoids accidental damage to the contact points of the contact patch 7 when the contact patch 7 is manually taken off, can effectively ensure the assembly quality of the contact patch 7, and improve the production efficiency of the contact patch 7. Avoiding accidental contact with the contact points of the contact patch 7 when manually taking off the contact patch 7, the contact points are deformed.

[0104] According to some optional embodiments, an emergency stop button is further arranged on the base, and the emergency stop button is electrically connected with the control unit 5; the emergency stop button can be triggered to quickly stop the operation of the equipment when an error occurs, thereby protecting the safety of the operator and the equipment.

[0105] According to the above description of the present specification, those skilled in the art can also understand that the terms used, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", and the like, which indicate the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings of the present specification, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not explicitly or implicitly indicate or suggest that the device or element involved must have the specified orientation, be constructed and operated in a specified orientation, therefore the above orientation or positional relationship terms cannot be understood or interpreted as a limitation on the present application.

[0106] In addition, in the description of the present specification, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

Claims

1. A combined switch linear contact automatic assembly tool, characterized in that, It comprises: a base; a rotary cylinder fixedly installed on the base; a rotary disc connected with the output end of the rotary cylinder and rotatably arranged on the base driven by the rotary cylinder; an upper feeding station and an assembly station are arranged along the periphery of the rotary disc on the base; at least two mounting plate groups fixedly arranged on the rotary disc and rotating with the rotary disc, the mounting plate groups being provided with mounting groove for accommodating the contact pin holder and mounting guide groove for guiding the contact pin; a pressing assembly arranged on the base and corresponding to the assembly station, for pushing the contact pin into the contact pin holder in the mounting groove; an anti-falling pressure rod assembly arranged on the base and corresponding to the assembly station and located above the mounting plate group, for pressing and locking the anti-falling stopper on the contact pin holder into which the contact pin has been assembled; and a control unit signal connected with the rotary cylinder, the pressing assembly and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly, for controlling the sequential operation of the pressing assembly and the anti-falling pressure rod assembly, i.e. "first pressing and then locking".

2. The automatic assembly tool for linear contact patch of combination switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly comprises: a first cylinder; a first linear slide rail group; a pressing head push plate connected with the piston rod of the first cylinder and slidably connected with the first linear slide rail group; a contact pin pressing head mounted on the front end of the pressing head push plate; a first limiting component arranged at the end of the stroke of the first cylinder.

3. The automatic assembly tool for linear contact patch of combination switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, Further comprising a pre-pressing piece arranged at the front end of the contact pin pressing head, the front end of the pre-pressing piece being shaped to match the contact pin and capable of extending into the internal space of the contact pin or being clamped with the contact pin; the first limiting component comprises a first limiting screw and a first oil pressure buffer.

4. The automatic assembly tool for linear contact patch of combination switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, Further comprising a connecting piece arranged in the shape of "7", the connecting piece connecting the pressing head push plate and the contact pin pressing head; one end of the connecting piece is provided with a long slot, and a fastener passes through the long slot to connect the connecting piece with the pressing head push plate.

5. The automatic assembly tool for linear contact patch of combination switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-falling pressure rod assembly comprises: a second cylinder; a second linear slide rail group; a pressing needle push plate connected with the piston rod of the second cylinder and slidably connected with the second linear slide rail group; a pressing needle adjusting plate mounted on the lower end of the pressing needle push plate; a tungsten steel pressing needle mounted on the lower end of the pressing needle adjusting plate; a second limiting component arranged at the end of the stroke of the second cylinder.

6. The automatic assembly tool for linear contact patch of combination switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, Horizontal adjustment structure is arranged between the pressing needle adjusting plate and the pressing needle push plate and between the tungsten steel pressing needle and the pressing needle adjusting plate, so that the tungsten steel pressing needle can be adjusted in multiple directions in the horizontal plane.

7. The automatic assembly tool for linear contact patch of combination switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The horizontal adjustment structure comprises a first long slot and a second long slot arranged on the pressing needle adjusting plate, the extension directions of the first long slot and the second long slot being perpendicular to each other; a fastener passes through the first long slot to connect the pressing needle adjusting plate with the pressing needle push plate, and a fastener passes through the second long slot to connect the tungsten steel pressing needle with the pressing needle adjusting plate.

8. The automatic assembly tool for linear contact patch of combination switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate group is provided with a mounting groove and a contact pin sliding groove, the mounting groove being arranged at one end of the contact pin sliding groove close to the center of the rotary disc; the mounting guide groove is composed of the contact pin sliding groove and the pressing plates arranged on both sides of the contact pin sliding groove, and the height of the mounting guide groove is slightly greater than the thickness of the contact pin.

9. The automatic assembly tool for linear contact patch of combination switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, 2N groups of mounting plates are arranged on the rotating disc at equal intervals along the circumference, and are used to assemble N types of contact pieces, and two groups of mounting plates of the same type of contact piece are symmetrically or adjacently arranged.

10. A method of assembling a contact using the contact assembly tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: The contact piece seat is placed into the mounting seat groove, and the contact piece is placed into the mounting guide groove; the mounting plate group is controlled to rotate, and the mounting plate group with the contact piece and the contact piece seat is switched from the feeding station to the assembling station; The contact piece is pushed into the contact piece seat from the mounting guide groove by controlling the action of the clamping assembly; The anti-falling blocking piece on the contact piece is pressed tightly by controlling the action of the anti-falling pressing rod assembly, so that the contact piece and the contact piece seat are position-locked; The anti-falling pressing rod assembly and the clamping assembly are controlled to reset, and the mounting plate group is controlled to rotate to reset, and the assembled contact piece assembly is switched to the next station.

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