A multi-material composite 3D printing apparatus and a printing method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and more particularly to a multi-material composite 3D printing device and a printing method thereof, which comprises a shell and a printing head arranged inside the shell, a printing platform is installed below the printing head, a material plate for supporting a model is slidably installed on the printing platform, installation grooves are arranged on both sides of the printing platform, and telescopic members for driving the material plate to slide on the printing platform are arranged inside the installation grooves; two guide grooves and multiple horizontal grooves are respectively arranged on the printing platform, the guide grooves are distributed along the sliding direction of the material plate, the guide grooves are located in the middle of the printing platform, the horizontal grooves are distributed perpendicularly to the guide grooves and are in communication with each other, and a hot air blower for supplying heated gas into the guide grooves and the horizontal grooves is arranged below the printing platform. In the present application, the material plate can be uniformly preheated, the model can be printed more slowly when the bottom layer is printed, and the model material can be uniformly shrunk at each position.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a multi-material composite 3D printing device and a printing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a technology that uses digital model files as the basis, uses powdered metal or filament plastic as the forming material, and constructs objects through layer-by-layer printing.

[0003] Before printing using a 3D printer, in order to avoid the first layer of printing cooling too fast (if the platform temperature is lower than the material glass transition temperature (such as ABS 105℃), the internal stress caused by the first layer cooling too fast will cause the model edge to warp and separate from the platform), a resistance heating part is usually arranged at the bottom of the printing platform to preheat the printing platform. This method has good performance on small printing platforms, but in the process of preheating a large printing platform, this heating method is prone to large temperature differences at the edge of the platform during use, which can easily cause the model at the edge to separate from the platform. SUMMARY

[0004] Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present application provides a multi-material composite 3D printing device and a printing method thereof, which can effectively solve the problem that in the prior art, before printing using a 3D printer, in order to avoid the first layer of printing cooling too fast, a resistance heating part is usually arranged at the bottom of the printing platform to preheat the printing platform. This method has good performance on small printing platforms, but in the process of preheating a large printing platform, this heating method is prone to large temperature differences at the edge of the platform during use, which can easily cause the model at the edge to separate from the platform.

[0006] Technical scheme

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] The present application provides a multi-material composite 3D printing device, comprising a shell and a print head arranged inside the shell, a printing platform is installed below the print head, a material plate for supporting a model is slidably installed on the printing platform, installation grooves are arranged on both sides of the printing platform, and telescopic members for driving the material plate to slide on the printing platform are arranged inside the installation grooves.

[0009] Two guide grooves and multiple horizontal grooves are arranged on the printing platform respectively, the guide grooves are distributed along the sliding direction of the material plate, two guide grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the middle part of the printing platform, multiple horizontal grooves are distributed perpendicularly to the guide grooves and are communicated with each other, and a hot air blower is arranged below the printing platform and is used for supplying hot air into the guide grooves and the horizontal grooves.

[0010] Further, a driving motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell, a screw rod is coaxially and fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor, a lifting frame is threadedly and fittedly installed on the screw rod, guide rods for guiding the lifting frame to move up and down are arranged on both sides of the lifting frame, and the printing platform is fixedly installed on the lifting frame.

[0011] Further, the air outlet of the hot air blower is provided with a hot air pipe, the middle part of the hot air pipe is elastic, multiple air outlet end heads are arranged at one end of the hot air pipe which faces the printing platform, and the multiple air outlet end heads are respectively inserted into the multiple horizontal grooves.

[0012] Further, two demolding assemblies which face each other are arranged on the side of the printing platform which faces the opening of the shell, and the demolding assemblies are used for bending the material plate.

[0013] Further, the demolding assembly comprises a U-shaped plate which is fixedly installed on one side of the printing platform, a sliding plate which is slidably installed in the U-shaped plate, an electric push rod which is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped plate and is used for driving the sliding plate to move up and down, a bending plate which is arranged on the side of the sliding plate, and guide grooves which are arranged on the side of the bending plate which is away from the sliding plate and are used for sliding the material plate on both sides.

[0014] Further, multiple U-shaped blocks are arranged at the positions of the bottom of the material plate which correspond to the guide grooves, a guide plate which is used for penetrating the middle parts of the multiple U-shaped blocks is arranged in each guide groove, and one end of the guide plate which is away from the demolding assembly is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide groove.

[0015] Further, connecting shafts are fixedly installed at both ends of the bending plate, one end of the bending plate is rotationally connected with the sliding plate through one of the connecting shafts, the other end of the bending plate is slidably connected with the sliding plate through the other connecting shaft, a strip-shaped groove is arranged on the sliding plate and is used for sliding the connecting shafts, a sliding block is arranged at the middle part of the bending plate, an adjusting rod which is used for driving the sliding block to move up and down is rotationally installed on the sliding plate, and the adjusting rod penetrates the sliding block at the middle part and is threadedly connected with the sliding block.

[0016] Further, a horizontal plate is fixedly installed between the two U-shaped plates, a knocking block is arranged on the horizontal plate and is used for knocking the U-shaped blocks when the material plate slides between the two bending plates, an elastic member is arranged below the knocking block, and the knocking block is connected with the horizontal plate through the elastic member.

[0017] A multi-material composite 3D printing method, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step one, first, open the drive motor to move the printing platform upwards below the print head, while opening the hot air blower to supply hot air to the bottom of the material plate, heat the material plate;

[0019] Step two, then, the raw material is sprayed on the material plate by the print head, and the raw material is printed into shape by moving the print head and the material plate;

[0020] Step three, then, the material plate is moved between the two bending plates by the telescopic member, so that the two sides of the material plate slide into the guide slot on the bending plate, and the whole material plate is bent along the contour of the bending plate;

[0021] Step four, finally, the printed part is taken off the material plate.

[0022] Advantages

[0023] The technical scheme provided by the present application has the following advantages compared with the known prior art:

[0024] The present application provides a material plate on the printing platform, and a guide slot and a transverse slot are arranged between the material plate and the printing platform, and a hot air blower is arranged below the printing platform, so that hot air can be blown into the bottom of the material plate by the hot air blower before printing the part, the material plate can be uniformly preheated, and the model material can be more uniformly shrunk when the model bottom is printed.

[0025] In the present application, a horizontal plate is fixedly installed between two U-shaped plates, and a knocking block is arranged on the horizontal plate, when the material plate slides above the knocking block, the U-shaped block below the material plate will drive the knocking block to bend away from the printing platform, and then with the further movement of the material plate, the U-shaped block will move out of the knocking block, at this time the knocking block will rebound, and the knocking block will knock the next U-shaped block above the knocking block during the rebounding process, so that the material plate is vibrated, and the model bottom is more easily separated from the material plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 The whole structure of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0028] Figure 2 is a side view of the internal structure of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall mounting structure of the printing platform of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the printing platform of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the mounting structure of the printing platform of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the material plate of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the U-shaped plate of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 is an exploded view of the mounting of the sliding plate and the bending plate of the present application.

[0035] The reference numbers in the figures respectively represent:

[0036] 1, outer shell; 11, driving motor; 12, screw rod; 13, lifting frame; 14, guide rod; 15, hot air blower; 151, hot air pipe;

[0037] 2, printing platform; 201, mounting groove; 202, horizontal groove; 203, guide groove; 21, material plate; 211, U-shaped block; 22, telescopic piece; 23, guide plate; 3, printing head;

[0038] 4, demolding assembly; 41, U-shaped plate; 42, electric push rod; 43, sliding plate; 4301, strip-shaped groove; 431, adjusting rod; 44, bending plate; 4401, guide groove; 441, connecting shaft; 442, sliding block; 45, horizontal plate; 451, knocking block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] The present application will be further described below in combination with the embodiments.

[0041] To this end, the embodiment of the present application provides a multi-material composite 3D printing device, which aims at at least uniformly heating the material plate 21 by gas, so that the temperature of the upper surface of the whole material plate 21 is more uniform, and the deformation and warping of the model edge caused by the temperature difference of the edge of the material plate 21 is avoided.

[0042] Embodiment: a multi-material composite 3D printing device, as shown in the figure, comprising a shell 1 and a print head 3 arranged inside the shell 1, the print head 3 is provided with a plurality of, for spraying a plurality of different printing materials, an opening is arranged on one side of the shell 1, and a sealing plate (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the opening, the print head 3 is arranged below the print platform 2, the print platform 2 is slidably arranged with a material plate 21 for supporting the model, and the print platform 2 is arranged with a mounting groove 201 on both sides, and the mounting groove 201 is arranged with a telescopic piece 22 for driving the material plate 21 to slide on the print platform 2. Figure 1 Figure 5 The print platform 2 is respectively provided with two guide grooves 203 and a plurality of transverse grooves 202, the guide grooves 203 are distributed along the sliding direction of the material plate 21, two guide grooves 203 are respectively arranged on both sides of the middle part of the print platform 2, and a plurality of transverse grooves 202 are distributed and communicated with the guide grooves 203, and the print platform 2 is provided with a hot air blower 15 below for supplying heating gas into the guide grooves 203 and the transverse grooves 202.

[0043] In the present application, by arranging the material plate 21 on the print platform 2, and arranging the guide grooves 203 and the transverse grooves 202 between the material plate 21 and the print platform 2, and arranging the hot air blower 15 below the print platform 2, before the part needs to be printed, the hot air blower 15 can blow hot air into the bottom of the material plate 21, and the material plate 21 can be uniformly preheated, so that the model material can be more slowly cooled when the bottom layer of the model is printed, and the model material can be more uniformly shrunk at each position.

[0044] Further, as shown in the figure, the bottom of the shell 1 is fixedly installed with a driving motor 11, the output shaft of the driving motor 11 is coaxially fixedly installed with a screw rod 12, the screw rod 12 is threadedly and cooperatively installed with a lifting frame 13, the lifting frame 13 is provided with guide rods 14 for guiding the lifting frame 13 to move up and down, and the print platform 2 is fixedly installed on the lifting frame 13; the air outlet of the hot air blower 15 is provided with a hot air pipe 151, the middle part of the hot air pipe 151 is elastic, one end of the hot air pipe 151 towards the print platform 2 is provided with a plurality of air outlet end heads, and the plurality of air outlet end heads are respectively inserted into the plurality of transverse grooves 202.

[0045] Further, as shown in the figure, the bottom of the shell 1 is fixedly installed with a driving motor 11, the output shaft of the driving motor 11 is coaxially fixedly installed with a screw rod 12, the screw rod 12 is threadedly and cooperatively installed with a lifting frame 13, the lifting frame 13 is provided with guide rods 14 for guiding the lifting frame 13 to move up and down, and the print platform 2 is fixedly installed on the lifting frame 13; the air outlet of the hot air blower 15 is provided with a hot air pipe 151, the middle part of the hot air pipe 151 is elastic, one end of the hot air pipe 151 towards the print platform 2 is provided with a plurality of air outlet end heads, and the plurality of air outlet end heads are respectively inserted into the plurality of transverse grooves 202. Figure 2 Figure 3

[0046] ​​​The driving motor 11 and the screw rod 12 are arranged inside the shell 1, so that the height of the printing platform 2 can be accurately controlled. The hot air pipe 151 is arranged on the hot air blower 15 and is in communication with the plurality of horizontal grooves 202, so that the hot air pipe 151 is always in communication with the horizontal grooves 202 during the up-down movement of the printing platform 2.

[0047] Further, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the printing platform 2 is provided with two demolding assemblies 4 facing each other at the opening side of the shell 1. The demolding assemblies 4 are used for bending the material plate 21 (the material plate 21 has good resilience and heat conduction performance, and can be filled with metal elastomers, and the metal is used to maintain good resilience). The demolding assembly 4 comprises a U-shaped plate 41 fixedly installed on one side of the printing platform 2. A sliding plate 43 is slidably installed inside the U-shaped plate 41. An electric push rod 42 is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped plate 41 and used to drive the sliding plate 43 to move up and down. A bending plate 44 is arranged on the side of the sliding plate 43. A guide groove 4401 is arranged on the side of the bending plate 44 away from the sliding plate 43 and used to slide the material plate 21.

[0048] The two U-shaped plates 41 are arranged at intervals on one side of the printing platform 2. The sliding plate 43 and the bending plate 44 are arranged inside the U-shaped plate 41. When the material plate 21 is located on the printing platform 2, the sliding plate 43 is lowered (the electric push rod 42 drives the sliding plate 43 to move up and down), so that one end of the bending plate 44 abuts against one side of the material plate 21 (a stopper is arranged on the side of the bending plate 44 close to the upper end of the material plate 21, which can be referred to Figure 8 ).

[0049] In addition, after the model is printed and cooled, the sliding plate 43 is first moved downward, so that the guide grooves 4401 are opened and face the two sides of the material plate 21. Then, the material plate 21 is driven by the telescopic member 22 to move towards the two bending plates 44, so that the two sides of the material plate 21 are respectively slid into the two guide grooves 4401. The material plate 21 is deformed along the bending profile of the bending plate 44, so that the bottom of the model in contact with the material plate 21 is more easily separated (the material plate 21 sequentially passes through the concave and convex, so that the positions of the model bottom and the material plate 21 are dislocated).

[0050] It should be noted that the telescopic member 22 can be an electric telescopic rod in use. The telescopic member 22 only needs to drive half of the material plate 21 to extend out of the printing platform 2. During the printing of the model, the model is printed close to the opening side of the shell 1, so that the model can be easily taken out of the shell 1.

[0051] Further, as shown in Figure 6 The bottom of the material plate 21 is provided with a plurality of U-shaped blocks 211 corresponding to the positions of the guide grooves 203, and a guide plate 23 is arranged in each guide groove 203 for passing through the middle part of the U-shaped blocks 211. The end of the guide plate 23 away from the demolding assembly 4 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide groove 203.

[0052] The plurality of U-shaped blocks 211 are arranged on the bottom of the material plate 21, and the guide plate 23 is fixedly arranged in the guide groove 203. During the sliding of the material plate 21, the guide plate 23 can limit the position of the material plate 21 to avoid deformation of the material plate 21. In addition, the top of each U-shaped block 211 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the material plate 21. When the material plate 21 is preheated, the U-shaped block 211 can increase the contact area between the bottom of the material plate 21 and the hot air, thereby accelerating the heat exchange speed between the hot air and the material plate 21.

[0053] Further, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 The two ends of the bending plate 44 are fixedly provided with connecting shafts 441. One end of the bending plate 44 is rotatably connected with the sliding plate 43 through one of the connecting shafts 441, and the other end of the bending plate 44 is slidably connected with the sliding plate 43 through the other connecting shaft 441. The sliding plate 43 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 4301 for the sliding of the connecting shaft 441. The middle part of the bending plate 44 is provided with a sliding block 442. The sliding plate 43 is rotatably provided with an adjusting rod 431 for driving the sliding block 442 to move up and down. The adjusting rod 431 passes through the sliding block 442 and is threadedly connected with the sliding block 442.

[0054] The two ends of the bending plate 44 are provided with the connecting shafts 441, and the two connecting shafts 441 are rotatably and slidably connected with the sliding plate 43, respectively. The middle part of the bending plate 44 is provided with the adjusting rod 431. When it is necessary to adjust the bending degree of the bending plate 44 (to adapt to the needs of different printing materials), the height of the middle part of the bending plate 44 can be changed by rotating the adjusting rod 431, so that one of the connecting shafts 441 slides in the strip-shaped groove 4301.

[0055] Further, as shown in Figure 7 The two U-shaped plates 41 are fixedly provided with a horizontal plate 45. The horizontal plate 45 is provided with a knocking block 451. The knocking block 451 is used for knocking the U-shaped block 211 when the material plate 21 slides between the two bending plates 44. The knocking block 451 is provided below the horizontal plate 45 and is connected with the horizontal plate 45 through an elastic member.

[0056] Wherein, by fixing and installing the horizontal plate 45 between the two U-shaped plates 41, and setting the knocking block 451 on the horizontal plate 45, when the material plate 21 slides above the knocking block 451, the U-shaped block 211 below the material plate 21 will drive the knocking block 451 to bend away from the printing platform 2, and then with the further movement of the material plate 21, the U-shaped block 211 that drives the knocking block 451 will move out of the knocking block 451, at this time the knocking block 451 will rebound, and the knocking block 451 will knock the next U-shaped block 211 passing above the knocking block 451 during the rebounding process, so that the material plate 21 vibrates, and the model bottom is more easily separated from the material plate 21.

[0057] A multi-material composite 3D printing method, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step one, first, open the driving motor 11 to move the printing platform 2 upward below the printing head 3, and at the same time, open the hot air blower 15 to supply hot air to the bottom of the material plate 21 to heat the material plate 21.

[0059] Step two, then, the printing head 3 sprays the raw material on the material plate 21, and with the movement of the printing head 3 and the material plate 21, the raw material is printed into a shape.

[0060] Step three, then, the telescopic part 22 drives the material plate 21 to move between the two bending plates 44, so that the two sides of the material plate 21 slide into the guide slot 4401 on the bending plate 44, and the whole material plate 21 bends along the contour of the bending plate 44.

[0061] Step four, finally, the printed part is taken off from the material plate 21.

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-material composite 3D printing device, comprising a housing (1) and a printing head (3) arranged inside the housing (1), a printing platform (2) is installed below the printing head (3), characterized in that, The printing platform (2) is slidably provided with a material plate (21) for supporting a model, both sides of the printing platform (2) are provided with a mounting groove (201), and the mounting groove (201) is internally provided with an extension piece (22) for driving the material plate (21) to slide on the printing platform (2); The printing platform (2) is respectively provided with two guide grooves (203) and a plurality of horizontal grooves (202), the guide grooves (203) are distributed along the sliding direction of the material plate (21), the two guide grooves (203) are respectively located on both sides of the middle part of the printing platform (2), the plurality of horizontal grooves (202) are distributed and communicated with each other perpendicularly to the guide grooves (203), and the lower portion of the printing platform (2) is provided with a hot air blower (15) for supplying heated gas into the guide grooves (203) and the horizontal grooves (202). The printing platform (2) is provided with two demolding assemblies (4) facing each other on the side of the opening of the shell (1), and the demolding assemblies (4) are used for bending the material plate (21). The demolding assembly (4) comprises a U-shaped plate (41) fixedly installed on one side of the printing platform (2), a sliding plate (43) slidably installed in the U-shaped plate (41), an electric push rod (42) arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped plate (41) and used for driving the sliding plate (43) to move up and down, a bending plate (44) arranged on the side of the sliding plate (43), and a guide groove (4401) arranged on the side of the bending plate (44) away from the sliding plate (43) and used for sliding the material plate (21) on both sides. Two U-shaped plates (41) are fixedly installed between the horizontal plate (45), the horizontal plate (45) is provided with a knocking block (451), the knocking block (451) is used for knocking the U-shaped block (211) when the material plate (21) slides between the two bending plates (44), the knocking block (451) is provided below the elastic member, and the knocking block (451) is connected with the horizontal plate (45) through the elastic member.

2. The multi-material composite 3D printing device of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the shell (1) is fixedly provided with a driving motor (11), a screw rod (12) is coaxially fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor (11), a lifting frame (13) is threadedly and movably installed on the screw rod (12), guide rods (14) are arranged on both sides of the lifting frame (13) and used for guiding the lifting frame (13) to move up and down, and the printing platform (2) is fixedly installed on the lifting frame (13).

3. The multi-material composite 3D printing device of claim 1, wherein, The air outlet of the hot air blower (15) is provided with a hot air pipe (151), the middle portion of the hot air pipe (151) is elastic, and a plurality of air outlet ends are arranged on the end of the hot air pipe (151) facing the printing platform (2) and inserted into the plurality of horizontal grooves (202).

4. The multi-material composite 3D printing device of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of U-shaped blocks (211) are arranged at intervals on the bottom of the material plate (21) and correspond to the positions of the guide grooves (203), a guide plate (23) is arranged in each guide groove (203) and used for penetrating the middle portions of the plurality of U-shaped blocks (211), and one end of the guide plate (23) away from the demolding assembly (4) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide groove (203).

5. The multi-material composite 3D printing device of claim 4, wherein, Both ends of the bending plate (44) are fixedly provided with connecting shafts (441), one end of the bending plate (44) is rotationally connected with the sliding plate (43) through one of the connecting shafts (441), the other end of the bending plate (44) is slidingly connected with the sliding plate (43) through the other connecting shaft (441), the sliding plate (43) is provided with a strip-shaped slot (4301) for the sliding of the connecting shaft (441), the middle part of the bending plate (44) is provided with a sliding block (442), the sliding plate (43) is rotationally provided with an adjusting rod (431) for driving the sliding block (442) to move up and down, the middle part of the adjusting rod (431) penetrates through the sliding block (442) and is threadedly connected with the sliding block (442).

6. A multi-material composite 3D printing method applied to the multi-material composite 3D printing device of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, first, turn on the driving motor (11) to move the printing platform (2) upwards below the print head (3), and turn on the hot air blower (15) to supply hot air to the bottom of the material plate (21) to heat the material plate (21); Step two, then, spray raw materials on the material plate (21) through the print head (3), and print the raw materials into shapes by moving the print head (3) and the material plate (21); Step three, then, drive the material plate (21) to move between the two bending plates (44) through the telescopic member (22), so that the two sides of the material plate (21) slide into the guide slots (4401) on the bending plates (44) respectively, and the whole material plate (21) is bent along the contour of the bending plates (44); Step four, finally, take the printed parts off the material plate (21).

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