Multi-stage locking type building heavy machinery lifting device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multi-stage locking type building heavy machinery lifting device, including power input structure, locking structure and lifting structure.Power input structure passes through the friction plate of compression spring pre-tightening torque transmission, overload when the friction plate skids, triggers the push block to promote support cylinder rotation, so that the friction plate is separated to cut off power.Locking structure contains bidirectional ratchet and radial sliding ratchet, power input when linkage split shaft extrusion ratchet disengages, allow lifting structure free lifting;Without power, spring promotes ratchet meshing ratchet, realize bidirectional locking.Lifting structure is controlled by winding drum to receive and send traction rope and control heavy lifting.By mechanical linkage, it realizes the "overload power cut-off-gravity locking" hierarchical response, with high reliability ratchet locking instead of precision worm gear, adapt to building heavy working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of lifting devices, and particularly relates to a multi-stage locking mechanical lifting device for heavy objects in buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Existing construction heavy lifting devices often use worm gear mechanisms to achieve self-locking, but this has significant drawbacks:

[0003] Insufficient locking reliability: Worm gears are sensitive to machining accuracy and wear. Even minor damage can lead to locking failure, and heavy loads can easily cause tooth breakage.

[0004] Lack of overload protection: Traditional structures lack overload linkage protection, which directly damages transmission components when overloaded;

[0005] High maintenance costs: Replacing the worm gear requires complete disassembly and resetting is complex.

[0006] Therefore, this device innovatively proposes a hierarchical linkage architecture:

[0007] Power input stage: Mechanical linkage is triggered by the slippage of friction plates to automatically disengage the transmission and cut off the power;

[0008] Locking stage: Utilizing the bidirectional locking characteristics of ratchet and ratchet, the locking state is switched synchronously with the power input;

[0009] Linkage mechanism: At the moment of power cut-off, the mechanical linkage mechanism triggers the ratchet to engage with the ratchet, achieving a seamless connection between "power interruption and lock activation".

[0010] This design solves the problems of unreliable worm gear locking and lack of overload protection, significantly improving safety and durability under heavy load conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage locking mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects to prevent slippage or overload that could cause component failure.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0013] A multi-stage locking mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects includes a power input structure, a locking structure, and a lifting structure;

[0014] The power input structure includes an input shaft, a clamping component, and a friction transmission component;

[0015] The locking structure includes a connecting shaft, a locking element, and a fixing disc;

[0016] The outer casing contains a rotatable input shaft, a connecting shaft, and a fixed disk. The input shaft has an axially arranged clamping component and a friction transmission component. The clamping component is used to clamp the friction transmission component. The connecting shaft is axially fixed at the end of the friction transmission component. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed disk. The fixed disk has a slidable locking component. The locking component is detachably located within the outer casing. The fixed disk has an axially arranged lifting structure on the side of its axis away from the connecting shaft. When the input shaft rotates, it drives the lifting structure's lifting portion to move up and down.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamping component includes a fixed support plate, a follower support cylinder, a first spring, and a sliding sleeve;

[0018] The fixed support plate is fixed near the center of the input shaft, and at least one slide bar is provided on the outer wall of one side of the input shaft along the axial direction.

[0019] The input shaft is rotatably provided with the follower support cylinder, the follower support cylinder is on the same side as the slide bar, and the support cylinder is provided with the sliding sleeve, which can slide along the open end of the follower support cylinder;

[0020] The first spring is provided between the open end of the sliding sleeve and the inner side of the closed end of the follower support cylinder, and the first spring is sleeved on the input shaft;

[0021] The inner wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a sliding groove along the axial direction to adapt to the slide bar. The sliding groove is slidably engaged with the slide bar. The open end of the sliding sleeve is slidably engaged with the input shaft. The closed end of the sliding sleeve is provided with the friction transmission component.

[0022] Furthermore, the outer circumferential array of the closed end of the follower support cylinder has several support blocks, and the circumferential array of the fixed support disk near the follower support cylinder has several arc-shaped grooves that fit the support blocks, and the support blocks abut against the fixed support disk.

[0023] The fixed support plate and the follower support cylinder have several first magnetic poles and second magnetic poles arranged in a circular array on their respective sides that are close to each other.

[0024] Furthermore, the friction transmission component includes a first flange, a first friction plate, a second friction plate, a second flange, and an intermediate connecting shaft;

[0025] The first flange is threaded to one side with the first friction plate and fixedly connected to the closed end of the sliding sleeve on the other side; the second flange is threaded to one side with the second friction plate and fixedly connected to the intermediate connecting shaft on the other side. The intermediate connecting shaft is rotatably disposed in the outer casing, and the other end of the intermediate connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft component.

[0026] The first friction plate abuts against the second friction plate.

[0027] Furthermore, the circumferential array at the open end of the follower support cylinder has a plurality of first actuating blocks, and the circumferential array on the outer wall of the second flange has a plurality of second actuating blocks. The first actuating blocks and the second actuating blocks are spaced apart and located on the same vertical plane.

[0028] Furthermore, the connecting shaft includes a main shaft, a connecting piece, and a branch shaft;

[0029] The connecting piece is radially arranged at one end of the main shaft, and two branch shafts are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the connecting piece along the main shaft;

[0030] The fixed disk has two arc-shaped holes arranged in a circular array, and the main shaft is coaxial with the fixed disk;

[0031] The locking component includes two mirror-arranged sliding support blocks, each support block having a V-shaped hole, and the two sliding support blocks are slidably disposed on the fixed plate.

[0032] The two sub-shafts respectively pass through a V-shaped hole and extend into an arc-shaped hole. The sub-shafts slide in the arc-shaped hole and fit against the inner wall of the V-shaped hole.

[0033] Furthermore, the fixed disk is provided with two U-shaped grooves with outward openings symmetrically arranged radially from the center. The two sliding support blocks are slidably connected to one of the U-shaped grooves respectively. Several second springs are arrayed on the side of the two sliding support blocks that are close to each other. The other end of the second spring is connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped groove.

[0034] The second spring pushes the sliding support block to move radially, and the arc-shaped hole is located on the movement path of the V-shaped hole.

[0035] Furthermore, the locking element also includes a ratchet, a first ratchet, and a second ratchet;

[0036] The first ratchet and the second ratchet are overlapped and have opposite tooth directions, and the first ratchet and the second ratchet are fixedly disposed in the housing;

[0037] Each of the two sliding support blocks has a ratchet tooth fixed on one side away from each other, and the two ratchet teeth respectively mesh with the first ratchet and the second ratchet.

[0038] Furthermore, the lifting structure includes a drum connecting shaft, a drum, a traction rope, and a hoisting platform;

[0039] The drum is rotatably mounted on the outer casing, and the two ends of the drum connecting shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the drum and the shaft of the fixed disc;

[0040] The drum is equipped with the traction rope, and the moving end of the traction rope is equipped with the hoisting platform.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0042] Graded linkage overload protection and locking: The power input structure transmits torque through friction transmission components. When the load exceeds the limit, the friction plate slips and triggers mechanical linkage to automatically cut off the power input.

[0043] Synchronous activation of locking structure: At the moment the power is cut off, the ratchet of the locking component engages with the bidirectional ratchet, immediately locking the lifting structure and forming a dual protection mechanism of "overload power cut-off + gravity locking".

[0044] Two-way self-locking and dynamic adaptability:

[0045] The locking structure achieves bidirectional locking through a symmetrical ratchet design, automatically preventing the lifting structure from sliding down when there is no power; when power is input, the linkage mechanism actively releases the ratchet to ensure free lifting.

[0046] Lifting direction adaptive:

[0047] The dynamic contact method of the split shaft within the arc-shaped hole can adapt to changes in torque direction under different working conditions of lifting and lowering.

[0048] High reliability and low maintenance costs:

[0049] The ratchet-tooth mechanism replaces the traditional worm gear locking, reducing the precision requirements for component machining, making it more resistant to wear and less prone to tooth breakage; after the friction plates separate, they can be quickly restored by a manual reset mechanism without disassembling the core components.

[0050] Compact and interconnected design:

[0051] The coordinated action of the compression spring, magnetic pole, and actuating block ensures rapid separation of the friction plate and precise entry of the support block into the positioning groove during overload; the connecting shaft drives the V-shaped hole through the split shaft, radially controlling the extension and retraction of the ratchet, thus realizing the mechanical linkage of "power transmission - locking and releasing". Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention (excluding the outer shell);

[0053] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the power input structure;

[0054] Figure 3 It is a 3D diagram of the fixed support plate;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a 3D diagram of the locking structure. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0058] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a multi-stage locking type mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects includes a power input structure 1, a locking structure 3, and a lifting structure 4.

[0059] The power input structure 1 includes an input shaft 101, a clamping component, and a friction transmission component;

[0060] The locking structure 3 includes a connecting shaft, a locking element, and a fixing disc 311;

[0061] The outer casing contains a rotatable input shaft 101, a connecting shaft, and a fixed disk 311. The input shaft 101 has an axially mounted clamping component and a friction transmission component. The clamping component clamps the friction transmission component. The connecting shaft is axially fixed at the end of the friction transmission component. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed disk 311. A locking component is slidably mounted on the fixed disk 311. The locking component is detachably mounted within the outer casing. A lifting structure 4 is axially mounted on the side of the fixed disk 311 away from the connecting shaft. When the input shaft 101 rotates, it drives the lifting structure 4 to move up and down.

[0062] In actual use, the first and second friction plates are existing technologies and will not be described in detail. If the friction transmission component is overloaded, the first and second friction plates will slip and slide relative to each other, which will cause the second actuating block 116 to push the first actuating block 113, thereby causing the follower support cylinder 112 to rotate relative to the input shaft 101. The support block 109 on the follower support cylinder 112 falls into the arc groove 1021 (the second actuating block 116 and the first actuating block 113 are separated at this time and are no longer located on the same vertical plane). Under this drive, the first friction plate 108 separates from the second friction plate 114 and cuts off the power input, thereby preventing overload transmission from damaging the various components.

[0063] When the input end (main shaft 301) of the locking structure 3 rotates, it can drive the ratchet 304 to retract, thus not affecting the rotation of the fixed plate 311, that is, not affecting the lifting structure 4. Conversely, when there is no power input, the lifting structure 4 itself has the tendency to rotate the fixed plate 311 due to gravity, but this cannot be achieved due to the locking of the ratchet 304 and the first ratchet 309 and the second ratchet 310, thus achieving the locking effect.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the clamping component includes a fixed support plate 102, a follower support cylinder 112, a first spring 105, and a sliding sleeve 106;

[0065] The fixed support plate 102 is fixedly provided near the center of the input shaft 101, and at least one slide bar 104 is provided on the outer wall of one side of the input shaft 101 along the axial direction.

[0066] The input shaft 101 is rotatably provided with the follower support cylinder 112. The follower support cylinder 112 is on the same side as the slide bar 104. At least a portion of the slide bar 104 is located inside the follower support cylinder 112 to facilitate the sliding of the sliding sleeve 106. The follower support cylinder 112 is provided with the sliding sleeve 106. The sliding sleeve 106 can slide along the open end of the follower support cylinder 112 and can slide out of the open end of the follower support cylinder 112.

[0067] The first spring 105 is provided between the open end of the sliding sleeve 106 and the inner side of the closed end of the follower support cylinder 112. The first spring 105 abuts against the follower support cylinder 112 and the two can rotate relative to each other. The first spring 105 provides a preload pressure for the first and second friction plates. The first spring 105 is sleeved on the input shaft 101. The spring 105 provides a preload pressure for the first and second friction plates, ensuring that the first friction plate 108 can drive the second friction plate 114 to rotate together. When the spring 105 slides backward, it will drive the first friction plate 108 to move backward away from the second friction plate 114, causing the two to disconnect and thus cutting off the power transmission.

[0068] The inner wall of the sliding sleeve 106 is provided with a groove 1061 adapted to the slide bar 104 along the axial direction. The groove 1061 is slidably engaged with the slide bar 104. The open end of the sliding sleeve 106 is slidably engaged with the input shaft 101. The closed end of the sliding sleeve 106 is provided with the friction transmission component.

[0069] Furthermore, the outer circumferential array of the closed end of the follower support cylinder 112 has several support blocks 109, and the circumferential array of the fixed support disk 102 near the follower support cylinder 112 has several arc-shaped grooves 1021 adapted to the support blocks 109. The support blocks 109 abut against the fixed support disk 102, and the contact surface between the two is provided with a large friction to ensure that the support blocks 109 will not rotate relative to the fixed support disk 102 due to the inertia of the follower support cylinder 112. The support blocks 109 can only be rotated by the actuation of the second actuating block 116. When the support block 109 falls into the arc-shaped groove 1021, the relative displacement will cause the connected parts to move to the left. Figure 2 (As shown). The fixed support plate 102 and the follower support cylinder 112 are respectively arranged in a circular array on the side close to each other. The first magnetic poles 103 and the second magnetic poles 110 maintain an attraction between the first magnetic poles 103 and the second magnetic poles 110 to ensure that the support block 109 can fall into the arc groove 1021 after sliding, thereby ensuring that the first and second friction plates can be separated.

[0070] Furthermore, the friction transmission component includes a first flange 107, a first friction plate 108, a second friction plate 114, a second flange 115, and an intermediate connecting shaft 117; the first flange 107 is threadedly connected to the first friction plate 108 on one side and fixedly connected to the closed end of the sliding sleeve 106 on the other side; the second flange 115 is threadedly connected to the second friction plate 114 on one side and fixedly connected to the intermediate connecting shaft 117 on the other side, the intermediate connecting shaft 117 is rotatably disposed in the housing, and the other end of the intermediate connecting shaft 117 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft; the first friction plate 108 abuts against the second friction plate 114, and the two can rotate together through friction. When the load is too heavy and the friction torque is insufficient, the two will slip and produce relative sliding.

[0071] Furthermore, the circumferential array at the open end of the follower support cylinder 112 has several first actuating blocks 113, and the circumferential array on the outer wall of the second flange 115 has several second actuating blocks 116. The first actuating blocks 113 and the second actuating blocks 116 are spaced apart and located on the same vertical plane. It is necessary to ensure that the height of the arc groove 1021 is higher than the thickness of the first actuating blocks 113, that is, when the support block 109 falls completely into the arc groove 1021, the first actuating blocks 113 and the second actuating blocks 116 no longer overlap in the vertical direction, and their mutual rotation no longer causes any impact. In addition, when the first and second friction plates separate, they can be manually reset by providing an opening on the outer shell and a handle on the follower support cylinder 112.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the connecting shaft includes a main shaft 301, a connecting piece 302, and a branch shaft 303;

[0073] The main shaft 301 is radially provided with a connecting piece 302 at one end, and two branch shafts 303 are symmetrically provided at both ends of the connecting piece 302 along the main shaft 301; when the main shaft 301 rotates, the two branch shafts 303 will also rotate around the axis of the main shaft 301.

[0074] The fixed disk 311 has two arc-shaped holes 312 arranged in a circular array. The arc-shaped holes 312 are adapted to the size of the main shaft 301 to ensure that it can only move in a circular motion and will not move radially. The main shaft 301 is coaxial with the fixed disk 311. The fixed disk 311 is rotatably mounted in the housing and needs to ensure that it does not deviate from the axis of the main shaft 301.

[0075] The locking component includes two mirror-arranged sliding support blocks 306. Each support block 306 has a V-shaped hole 307, which is a superposition of a V-shaped opening and a square opening. The widest part of the V-shaped opening (which is the same as the width of the square opening) is consistent with the width of the U-shaped groove 313. The width of the arc-shaped hole 312 is also consistent with the width of the square opening. The two sliding support blocks 306 are slidably disposed on the fixed plate 311.

[0076] The two split shafts 303 respectively pass through a V-shaped hole 307 and extend into an arc-shaped hole 312. The split shafts 303 and the arc-shaped hole 312 are slidably engaged, and the split shafts 303 are in contact with the inner wall of the V-shaped hole 307.

[0077] When the input shaft 101 is not transmitting power, under the pushing action of the second spring 308, the split shaft 303 will be restricted to the part between the V-shaped openings and the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped openings, and at the same time restricted to the middle part of the arc-shaped hole 312. When the input shaft 101 transmits power, the split shaft 303 actively moves to push the contact surface of the V-shaped openings radially inward to squeeze the support block 306, so that the ratchet 304 disengages from the first and second ratchets, at which point the fixed disk 311 can rotate on its own.

[0078] When the moving end of the lifting structure 4 is raised, the torque direction of the split shaft 303 is opposite to the torque direction of the lifting structure 4 on the fixed plate 311. At this time, the two split shafts 303 respectively abut against the top of the left arc-shaped hole 312 and the bottom of the right arc-shaped hole 312 (e.g., Figure 1 As shown, when viewed from the input shaft 101 towards the drum 401 (the subsequent viewing angles are the same), the two sub-shafts 303 rotate clockwise, causing the fixed disk 311 to rotate clockwise, thereby raising the moving end of the lifting structure 4.

[0079] When lowering the moving end of the lifting structure 4, the torque direction of the split shaft 303 is the same as the torque direction of the lifting structure 4 on the fixed disk 311. ① When the rotational speed of the split shaft 303 is greater than the rotational speed brought by the lifting structure 4 on the fixed disk 311, the two split shafts 303 respectively abut against the bottom of the left arc-shaped hole 312 and the top of the right arc-shaped hole 312. The counterclockwise rotation of the two split shafts 303 drives the fixed disk 311 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby lowering the moving end of the lifting structure 4. ② When the rotational speed of the split shaft 303 is less than the rotational speed brought by the lifting structure 4 on the fixed disk 311, the two split shafts 303 respectively abut against the top of the left arc-shaped hole 312 and the bottom of the right arc-shaped hole 312. The counterclockwise rotation of the two split shafts 303 drives the fixed disk 311 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby raising the moving end of the lifting structure 4.

[0080] When the load exceeds the predetermined value, the first and second friction plates slip and then separate from each other in the manner described above, thereby cutting off the transmission power. The input end of the main shaft 301 no longer has driving torque. At this time, no matter where the branch shaft 303 is in the arc-shaped hole 312, it is pushed by the second spring 308 to move the branch shaft 303 to the middle of the V-shaped opening and to fit against its two side walls. At the same time, the two ratchet teeth 304 are engaged with the first and second ratchet wheels to achieve locking.

[0081] In summary, this device not only achieves locking of the lifting structure 4 during its vertical movement within a predetermined load, but also achieves simultaneous locking upon disconnection of input power in case of overload. The ratchet and ratchet structure, compared to existing worm gear and worm locking structures, has lower precision requirements for its components. Because worm gear and worm structures are more precise, even minor wear can affect transmission and locking performance, and excessive load can easily cause tooth breakage. In contrast, the ratchet and ratchet structure does not affect transmission or locking performance even with minor wear, making it more reliable.

[0082] In addition, the fixed disk 311 is provided with two U-shaped grooves 313 with outward openings radially symmetrical from the center. The two sliding support blocks 306 are slidably connected to one of the U-shaped grooves 313 respectively. Several second springs 308 are arrayed on the side of the two sliding support blocks 306 that are close to each other. The other end of the second spring 308 is connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped groove 313.

[0083] The second spring 308 pushes the sliding support block 306 to move radially, and the arc-shaped hole 312 is located on the movement path of the V-shaped hole 307.

[0084] The locking element also includes a ratchet 304, a first ratchet 309, and a second ratchet 310;

[0085] The first ratchet 309 and the second ratchet 310 are overlapped and have opposite tooth directions. The first ratchet 309 and the second ratchet 310 are fixedly disposed in the housing.

[0086] A ratchet 304 is fixedly provided on each side of the two sliding support blocks 306 that are far apart from each other, and the two ratchet 304 respectively mesh with the first ratchet 309 and the second ratchet 310.

[0087] Furthermore, the lifting structure 4 includes a drum connecting shaft, a drum 401, a traction rope 402, and a hoisting platform;

[0088] The drum 401 is rotatably mounted on the outer casing, and the two ends of the drum connecting shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the drum 401 and the shaft of the fixed disk 311;

[0089] The drum 401 is provided with the traction rope 402, and the moving end of the traction rope 402 is provided with the hoisting platform.

[0090] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, substitutions, or variations made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage locking type mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects, characterized in that: It includes a power input structure (1), a locking structure (3), and a lifting structure (4); The power input structure (1) includes an input shaft (101), a clamping component, and a friction transmission component; The locking structure (3) includes a connecting shaft, a locking element and a fixing disc (311). The input shaft (101), the connecting shaft, and the fixed disk (311) are rotatably disposed within the outer casing. The input shaft (101) is provided with the clamping component and the friction transmission component along the axial direction. The clamping component is used to clamp the friction transmission component. The connecting shaft is fixedly disposed along the axial direction at the end of the friction transmission component. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed disk (311). The locking component is slidably disposed on the fixed disk (311). The locking component is detachably disposed within the outer casing. The lifting structure (4) is provided along the axial direction on the side of the fixed disk (311) away from the connecting shaft. When the input shaft (101) rotates, it drives the lifting structure (4) to move up and down. The clamping component includes a fixed support plate (102), a follower support cylinder (112), a first spring (105), and a sliding sleeve (106). The connecting shaft includes a main shaft (301), a connecting piece (302), and a branch shaft (303); The connecting piece (302) is radially arranged at one end of the main shaft (301), and two branch shafts (303) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the connecting piece (302) along the main shaft (301). The fixed disk (311) has two arc-shaped holes (312) arranged in a circular array, and the main shaft (301) is coaxial with the fixed disk (311); The locking component includes two mirror-arranged sliding support blocks (306), each support block (306) having a V-shaped hole (307), and the two sliding support blocks (306) are slidably disposed on the fixed plate (311); The two split shafts (303) respectively pass through a V-shaped hole (307) and extend into an arc-shaped hole (312). The split shafts (303) are slidably engaged with the arc-shaped hole (312), and the split shafts (303) are in contact with the inner wall of the V-shaped hole (307). The locking element also includes a ratchet (304), a first ratchet (309), and a second ratchet (310); The first ratchet (309) and the second ratchet (310) are overlapped and have opposite tooth directions. The first ratchet (309) and the second ratchet (310) are fixedly disposed in the housing. A ratchet (304) is fixedly provided on the side of each of the two sliding support blocks (306) that is far apart from each other, and the two ratchets (304) respectively mesh with the first ratchet (309) and the second ratchet (310).

2. The multi-stage locking type mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed support plate (102) is fixed near the middle of the input shaft (101), and at least one slide bar (104) is provided on the outer wall of one side of the input shaft (101) along the axial direction upward. The input shaft (101) is rotatably provided with the follower support cylinder (112), the follower support cylinder (112) is on the same side as the slide bar (104), the follower support cylinder (112) is provided with the sliding sleeve (106), and the sliding sleeve (106) can slide along the open end of the follower support cylinder (112); The first spring (105) is provided between the open end of the sliding sleeve (106) and the inner side of the closed end of the follower support sleeve (112), and the first spring (105) is sleeved on the input shaft (101). The inner wall of the sliding sleeve (106) is provided with a groove (1061) adapted to the slide bar (104) along the axial direction. The groove (1061) is slidably engaged with the slide bar (104). The open end of the sliding sleeve (106) is slidably engaged with the input shaft (101). The closed end of the sliding sleeve (106) is provided with the friction transmission component.

3. The multi-stage locking type mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer circumferential array of the closed end of the follower support cylinder (112) has several support blocks (109), and the circumferential array of the fixed support plate (102) near the follower support cylinder (112) has several arc-shaped grooves (1021) that are adapted to the support blocks (109), and the support blocks (109) abut against the fixed support plate (102). The fixed support plate (102) and the follower support cylinder (112) have several first magnetic poles (103) and second magnetic poles (110) arranged in a circular array on the side close to each other.

4. The multi-stage locking type mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The friction transmission component includes a first flange (107), a first friction plate (108), a second friction plate (114), a second flange (115), and an intermediate connecting shaft (117). The first flange (107) is threaded to one side with the first friction plate (108) and fixedly connected to the closed end of the sliding sleeve (106) on the other side; the second flange (115) is threaded to one side with the second friction plate (114) and fixedly connected to the intermediate connecting shaft (117) on the other side. The intermediate connecting shaft (117) is rotatably disposed in the housing, and the other end of the intermediate connecting shaft (117) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft. The first friction plate (108) abuts against the second friction plate (114).

5. The multi-stage locking type mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circumferential array at the opening end of the follower support cylinder (112) has a number of first actuating blocks (113), and the circumferential array on the outer wall of the second flange (115) has a number of second actuating blocks (116). The first actuating blocks (113) and the second actuating blocks (116) are spaced apart and located on the same vertical plane.

6. The multi-stage locking type mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed disk (311) is radially symmetrically provided with two U-shaped grooves (313) with openings facing outwards. The two sliding support blocks (306) are slidably connected to one of the U-shaped grooves (313). Several second springs (308) are arrayed on the side of the two sliding support blocks (306) that are close to each other. The other end of the second spring (308) is connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped groove (313). The second spring (308) pushes the sliding support block (306) to move radially, and the arc-shaped hole (312) is located on the movement path of the V-shaped hole (307).

7. The multi-stage locking type mechanical lifting device for heavy construction objects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting structure (4) includes a drum connecting shaft, a drum (401), a traction rope (402), and a hoisting platform; The drum (401) is rotatably mounted on the outer shell, and the two ends of the drum connecting shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the shaft center of the drum (401) and the fixed disk (311); The drum (401) is provided with the traction rope (402), and the moving end of the traction rope (402) is provided with the hoisting platform.

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