Bamboo fiber full-biodegradable tableware

Abstract

The invention discloses bamboo fiber full-biodegradable tableware which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of poly (butylene succinate), 15-20 parts of bamboo fiber, 12-16 parts of sweet potato starch, 8-12 parts of sodium alginate and the like, the bamboo fiber is pretreated by a sodium hydroxide solution, and montmorillonite is modified by a silane coupling agent KH-570. The preparation method comprises the steps of high-speed mixing, twin-screw extrusion granulation, injection molding, drying, ultraviolet sterilization and the like, five temperature zones are set for twin-screw extrusion, and the injection molding temperature is controlled to be 165-175 DEG C. The hydrophobicity is improved without depending on silicone oil and the like, and the synergism of mechanics and degradability is better; high-temperature heating is not needed, energy consumption is lower, and antibacterial and mildew-proof functions are added. The 60-day biodegradation rate of the tableware is larger than or equal to 95%, the tensile strength is larger than or equal to 26 MPa, and the tableware has excellent water resistance and oil resistance and meets the requirements for environmental protection and use.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of biodegradable materials, and particularly relates to a bamboo fiber full-biodegradable tableware. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the current green environmental protection concept, degradable tableware has become an important direction to replace traditional plastic tableware, which needs to be based on full biodegradability, and also needs to consider excellent mechanical properties, water resistance, oil resistance and practical functions. In the research and development of existing degradable tableware, some schemes realize degradation by compounding various high molecular substrates and natural fibers, but there are deficiencies in component synergy optimization, and problems such as insufficient mechanical strength or hydrophobicity dependent on specific chemical additives are prone to occur; another scheme uses bio-based raw materials to reduce costs, but faces the situation of high energy consumption in the preparation process at high temperature, and pays less attention to practical functions such as antibacterial and mildew resistance of the tableware, and it is difficult to simultaneously meet the multifunctional requirements such as environmental protection and use performance, and further improvement is still needed to adapt to the comprehensive requirements of the market for degradable tableware. SUMMARY

[0003] The application solves the problem of dependence on specific chemical additives to improve hydrophobicity by using polybutylene succinate as the core substrate, and combining sweet potato starch and sodium alginate to construct a degradation and molding system, combining pretreated bamboo fiber and modified montmorillonite, without the need for hydrophobic additives such as silicone oil and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and optimizes the component synergy, and improves the balance between mechanical properties and degradation efficiency. By controlling the preparation temperature to be 80-175℃, and adding nano zinc oxide and plant source mildew inhibitor to construct an antibacterial and mildew resistant system, the problem of high energy consumption caused by high temperature of 240-360℃ in the prior art is solved, and the antibacterial and mildew resistant functions are not optimized, low energy consumption preparation and multifunctional consideration are realized.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: A bamboo fiber full-biodegradable tableware is composed of the following components in parts by weight: polybutylene succinate 40-50 parts, bamboo fiber 15-20 parts, sweet potato starch 12-16 parts, sodium alginate 8-12 parts, nano zinc oxide 5-8 parts, polyglycerol ricinoleate 6-9 parts, triethyl citrate 4-7 parts, montmorillonite 3-6 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 2-4 parts, and lignin 5-8 parts.

[0005] Further, the following components in parts by weight are used: polybutylene succinate 43-47 parts, bamboo fiber 16-19 parts, sweet potato starch 13-15 parts, sodium alginate 9-11 parts, nano zinc oxide 6-7 parts, polyglycerol ricinoleate 7-8 parts, triethyl citrate 5-6 parts, montmorillonite 4-5 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 2.5-3.5 parts, and lignin 6-7 parts.

[0006] Preferably, the components are composed of the following weight parts: 45 parts of polybutylene succinate, 17.5 parts of bamboo fiber, 14 parts of sweet potato starch, 10 parts of sodium alginate, 6.5 parts of nano zinc oxide, 7.5 parts of polyglycerol ricinoleate, 5.5 parts of triethyl citrate, 4.5 parts of montmorillonite, 3 parts of plant source mildew inhibitor, and 6.5 parts of lignin.

[0007] Preferably, the plant source mildew inhibitor is a mixture of artemisia extract and cinnamon extract in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0008] Further, the bamboo fiber is pretreated by soaking in a 0.8-1.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 2-3 hours, then rinsing with deionized water until neutral, drying at 80-90°C until the moisture content is less than 5%, and then crushing to obtain a particle size of 80-100 mesh.

[0009] Further, the montmorillonite is modified by adding 3%-5% silane coupling agent KH-570 ethanol solution, stirring and reacting at 60-70°C for 1.5-2.5 hours, filtering after the reaction, and drying the residue at 100-110°C to obtain modified montmorillonite.

[0010] The application provides a bamboo fiber full-biodegradable tableware, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1. The components of polybutylene succinate, bamboo fiber, sweet potato starch, sodium alginate, and lignin are weighed according to the corresponding weight parts, and then put into a high-speed mixer to mix at a speed of 1200-1500 rpm and a temperature of 80-90°C for 15-20 minutes to obtain a premix; S2. The corresponding weight parts of nano zinc oxide, polyglycerol ricinoleate, triethyl citrate, montmorillonite, and plant source mildew inhibitor are added to the premix obtained in S1, the speed of the high-speed mixer is adjusted to 1800-2000 rpm, the temperature is maintained at 90-100°C, and the mixing is continued for 25-30 minutes to obtain a mixture; S3. The mixture obtained in S2 is transferred to a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, the double-screw extruder is set to five temperature zones, the first zone temperature is 130-140°C, the second zone temperature is 145-155°C, the third zone temperature is 160-170°C, the fourth zone temperature is 155-165°C, the fifth zone temperature is 145-155°C, and the screw speed is 200-250 rpm to obtain granular raw material; S4. The granular raw material obtained in S3 is put into an injection molding machine, the injection pressure of the injection molding machine is set to 15-20 MPa, the holding pressure is set to 10-12 MPa, the holding time is set to 15-20 seconds, and the injection temperature is set to 165-175°C for injection molding to obtain a tableware blank; S5. Put the tableware preform obtained in S4 into a hot air drying oven, and dry for 30-40 minutes at a temperature of 70-80 DEG C to remove water in the tableware preform; S6. Transfer the dried tableware preform to an ultraviolet sterilization device, and sterilize for 2-10 minutes under the condition of ultraviolet wavelength 254 nm and power 30-40 W to obtain a final product of the bamboo fiber fully biodegradable tableware.

[0011] Preferably, the feeding speed of the double screw extruder in S3 is 20-25 kg / h, and the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.08 to -0.09 MPa.

[0012] Preferably, the mold temperature of the injection molding machine in S4 is controlled at 40-50 DEG C, and the cooling time is 25-30 seconds. The present application has the advantages that the components are organically combined through a specific preparation process, the biodegradation characteristics of polybutylene succinate and the mechanical enhancement performance of bamboo fiber are used to form a synergistic effect, sweet potato starch is used to improve the material formability, sodium alginate is used to improve the interface compatibility, nano zinc oxide is used to give antibacterial performance, polyglycerol ricinoleate and triethyl citrate are used to synergistically optimize the material flexibility, montmorillonite is used to enhance the barrier performance, the plant source mildew inhibitor is used to prolong the storage period, and lignin is used to further improve the degradation efficiency and mechanical stability, so that the tableware has the properties of full biodegradability, excellent mechanical properties, antibacterial and mildew resistance, and water and oil resistance, and can be completely degraded in a natural environment without harmful substance residue. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0013] Embodiment 1 Components (by weight fraction): polybutylene succinate 45 parts, bamboo fiber 17.5 parts, sweet potato starch 14 parts, sodium alginate 10 parts, nano zinc oxide 6.5 parts, polyglycerol ricinoleate 7.5 parts, triethyl citrate 5.5 parts, montmorillonite 4.5 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 3 parts (artemisia vulgaris extract and cinnamon extract mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1), lignin 6.5 parts.

[0014] Preprocessing: the bamboo fiber is soaked in 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 2.5 hours, washed with deionized water until neutral, dried at 85 DEG C until the water content is 4%, and crushed to 90 mesh; the montmorillonite is added with 4% silane coupling agent KH-570 ethanol solution, stirred and reacted at 65 DEG C for 2 hours, filtered and dried at 105 DEG C.

[0015] Preparation steps: S1: polybutylene succinate, pretreated bamboo fiber, sweet potato starch, sodium alginate, and lignin were weighed and put into a high-speed mixer, mixed at 1350 rpm and 85℃ for 18 minutes to obtain a premix; S2: nano zinc oxide, polyglyceryl ricinoleate, triethyl citrate, modified montmorillonite, and plant source mildew inhibitor were added, the speed was adjusted to 1900 rpm and 95℃ for 28 minutes to obtain a mixture; S3: The mixture was transferred into a twin-screw extruder, the feeding speed was 22 kg / h, the vacuum degree was-0.085 MPa, the five-zone temperature was 135℃, 150℃, 165℃, 160℃, and 150℃ in turn, the screw rotation speed was 220 rpm, and the granular raw material was obtained by extrusion granulation; S4: The granular raw material was put into an injection molding machine, the injection pressure was 18 MPa, the holding pressure was 11 MPa, the holding time was 18 seconds, the injection temperature was 170℃, the mold temperature was 45℃, and the cooling time was 28 seconds, and the tableware blank was obtained by injection molding; S5: The tableware blank was placed in a hot air drying oven and dried at 75℃ for 35 minutes; S6: Transfer to the ultraviolet sterilization equipment, sterilize for 6 minutes at 254 nm wavelength and 35 W power to obtain the finished product.

[0016] Example 2 Components (by weight): polybutylene succinate 43 parts, bamboo fiber 16 parts, sweet potato starch 13 parts, sodium alginate 9 parts, nano zinc oxide 6 parts, polyglyceryl ricinoleate 7 parts, triethyl citrate 5 parts, montmorillonite 4 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 2.5 parts (wormwood extract and cinnamon extract mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1), lignin 6 parts.

[0017] Pretreatment: The bamboo fiber was soaked in 0.8 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours, washed with deionized water until neutral, dried at 80℃ to a moisture content of 3%, and crushed to 80 mesh; the montmorillonite was added with 3% silane coupling agent KH-570 ethanol solution, stirred at 60℃ for 1.5 hours, filtered and dried at 100℃.

[0018] Preparation steps: S1: The raw materials were put into a high-speed mixer, mixed at 1200 rpm and 80℃ for 15 minutes to obtain a premix; S2: The remaining components were added, the speed was 1800 rpm and 90℃ for 25 minutes to obtain a mixture; S3: The feeding speed of the twin-screw extruder was 20 kg / h, the vacuum degree was-0.08 MPa, the five-zone temperature was 130℃, 145℃, 160℃, 155℃, and 145℃ in turn, the screw rotation speed was 200 rpm, and the granulation was performed by extrusion; S4: injection pressure 15 MPa, holding pressure 10 MPa, holding time 15 s, injection temperature 165℃, mold temperature 40℃, cooling time 25 s, injection molding; S5: drying at 70℃ for 30 min; S6: sterilization at 254 nm wavelength, 30 W power for 2 min, to obtain the finished product.

[0019] Example 3 Components (by weight fraction): polybutylene succinate 47 parts, bamboo fiber 19 parts, sweet potato starch 15 parts, sodium alginate 11 parts, nano zinc oxide 7 parts, polyglycerol ricinoleate 8 parts, triethyl citrate 6 parts, montmorillonite 5 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 3.5 parts (mixed with eucalyptus extract and cinnamon extract at a mass ratio of 2:1), lignin 7 parts.

[0020] Pretreatment: the bamboo fiber was soaked in 1.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 3 hours, washed with deionized water until neutral, dried at 90℃ until the moisture content was 5%, and crushed to 100 mesh; the montmorillonite was added with 5% silane coupling agent KH-570 ethanol solution, stirred at 70℃ for 2.5 hours, filtered and dried at 110℃.

[0021] Preparation steps: S1: the raw materials were put into a high-speed mixer, mixed at 1500 rpm, 90℃ for 20 min, to obtain a premix; S2: the remaining components were added, mixed at 2000 rpm, 100℃ for 30 min, to obtain a mixture; S3: the feeding speed of the twin-screw extruder was 25 kg / h, the vacuum degree was-0.09 MPa, the five-zone temperature was 140℃, 155℃, 170℃, 165℃, 155℃ in turn, the screw rotation speed was 250 rpm, and the extrusion granulation was performed; S4: injection pressure 20 MPa, holding pressure 12 MPa, holding time 20 s, injection temperature 175℃, mold temperature 50℃, cooling time 30 s, injection molding; S5: drying at 80℃ for 40 min; S6: sterilization at 254 nm wavelength, 40 W power for 10 min, to obtain the finished product.

[0022] Comparative Example 1 Difference: delete the component "sodium alginate 8-12 parts", the remaining components and contents are consistent with Example 1 (polybutylene succinate 45 parts, bamboo fiber 17.5 parts, sweet potato starch 14 parts, nano zinc oxide 6.5 parts, polyglycerol ricinoleate 7.5 parts, triethyl citrate 5.5 parts, montmorillonite 4.5 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 3 parts, lignin 6.5 parts), the pretreatment and preparation steps are the same as Example 1.

[0023] Design purpose: verify the effect of sodium alginate on the interface compatibility and mechanical properties of the material.

[0024] Comparative Example 2 Difference: the bamboo fiber was not soaked in sodium hydroxide solution, dried and crushed (directly used the untreated bamboo fiber with a particle size of 50 mesh), the rest of the components and content, pretreatment (montmorillonite modification was normally performed), and the preparation steps were consistent with Example 1.

[0025] Design purpose: verify the effect of bamboo fiber pretreatment process on the mechanical stability and degradation efficiency of tableware.

[0026] Comparative Example 3 Difference: the injection temperature in preparation step S4 was adjusted to 185℃ (exceeding the range of "injection temperature 165-175℃"), the rest of the components and content, pretreatment, and preparation steps (except for the injection temperature) were consistent with Example 1.

[0027] Design purpose: verify the effect of injection temperature parameter on the forming quality and water and oil resistance of tableware.

[0028] III. Test Results Table Result analysis Example performance: the performance of the three examples meets the current standard requirements, the biodegradation rate is ≥95%, the tensile strength is ≥26MPa, the water absorption rate is ≤1.4%, the oil permeation amount is ≤0.4%, the antibacterial rate is ≥98%, no mold growth, and the performance fluctuation is small, indicating that the ratio and process within the scope of the claims have stability.

[0029] Defects of comparative examples: Comparative Example 1 (sodium alginate missing): the tensile strength decreased by 32.6%, the water absorption rate increased by 133.3%, and the oil permeation amount increased by 266.7%, proving that sodium alginate is crucial for improving interface compatibility and enhancing water and oil resistance; Comparative Example 2 (bamboo fiber without pretreatment): the biodegradation rate decreased by 8.7%, the tensile strength decreased by 24.6%, and the water absorption rate increased by 191.7%, proving that bamboo fiber pretreatment can optimize fiber dispersion, improve degradation efficiency and mechanical properties; Comparative Example 3 (excessive injection temperature): the biodegradation rate decreased by 6.5%, the tensile strength decreased by 16.8%, proving that excessive injection temperature can cause polybutylene succinate thermal degradation, damaging the material structure and properties.

[0030] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fully biodegradable tableware made of bamboo fiber, characterized in that, The application discloses a kind of bamboo fiber composite materials, by following weight parts of component composition: polybutylene succinate 40-50 parts, bamboo fiber 15-20 parts, sweet potato starch 12-16 parts, sodium alginate 8-12 parts, nano zinc oxide 5-8 parts, polyglycerol ricinoleate 6-9 parts, triethyl citrate 4-7 parts, montmorillonite 3-6 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 2-4 parts, lignin 5-8 parts.

2. A fully biodegradable tableware of bamboo fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The application discloses a kind of bamboo fiber composite materials, by following weight parts of component composition: polybutylene succinate 43-47 parts, bamboo fiber 16-19 parts, sweet potato starch 13-15 parts, sodium alginate 9-11 parts, nano zinc oxide 6-7 parts, polyglycerol ricinoleate 7-8 parts, triethyl citrate 5-6 parts, montmorillonite 4-5 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 2.5-3.5 parts, lignin 6-7 parts.

3. A fully biodegradable tableware of bamboo fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The application discloses a kind of bamboo fiber composite materials, by following weight parts of component composition: polybutylene succinate 45 parts, bamboo fiber 17.5 parts, sweet potato starch 14 parts, sodium alginate 10 parts, nano zinc oxide 6.5 parts, polyglycerol ricinoleate 7.5 parts, triethyl citrate 5.5 parts, montmorillonite 4.5 parts, plant source mildew inhibitor 3 parts, lignin 6.5 parts.

4. The fully biodegradable tableware of bamboo fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The plant source mildew inhibitor is made of artemisia extract and cinnamon extract with a mass ratio of 2:

1.

5. The fully biodegradable tableware of bamboo fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The bamboo fiber is pretreated by soaking in 0.8-1.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 2-3 hours, then washed with deionized water until neutral, dried at 80-90°C until the moisture content is less than 5%, and then crushed to a particle size of 80-100 mesh.

6. The fully biodegradable tableware of bamboo fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The montmorillonite is modified by adding 3%-5% silane coupling agent KH-570 ethanol solution, stirring at 60-70°C for 1.5-2.5 hours, filtering, and drying the residue at 100-110°C to obtain modified montmorillonite.

7. The fully biodegradable tableware of bamboo fiber according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Specifically comprising the following steps: S1. Take corresponding weight parts of polybutylene succinate, bamboo fiber, sweet potato starch, sodium alginate and lignin, and put them into a high-speed mixer, mix at a speed of 1200-1500 rpm and a temperature of 80-90°C for 15-20 minutes to obtain a premix; S2. Add corresponding weight parts of nano zinc oxide, polyglycerol ricinoleate, triethyl citrate, montmorillonite and plant source mildew inhibitor to the premix obtained in S1, adjust the speed of the high-speed mixer to 1800-2000 rpm and maintain the temperature at 90-100°C, and continue mixing for 25-30 minutes to obtain a mixture; S3. Transfer the mixture obtained in S2 to a twin-screw extruder for extrusion and granulation, set five temperature zones of the twin-screw extruder, one zone at 130-140°C, two zone at 145-155°C, three zone at 160-170°C, four zone at 155-165°C, and five zone at 145-155°C, and set the screw speed at 200-250 rpm to obtain granular raw materials; S4. The granular raw material obtained in S3 is put into an injection molding machine, the injection pressure of the injection molding machine is set to 15-20 MPa, the holding pressure is set to 10-12 MPa, the holding time is set to 15-20 seconds, the injection temperature is set to 165-175°C, and injection molding is performed to obtain a tableware preform; S5. The tableware preform obtained in S4 is put into a hot air drying oven, and is dried at a temperature of 70-80°C for 30-40 minutes to remove the water in the tableware preform; S6. The dried tableware preform is transferred to an ultraviolet sterilization device, and is subjected to sterilization treatment at an ultraviolet wavelength of 254 nm and a power of 30-40 W for 2-10 minutes to obtain a final bamboo fiber fully biodegradable tableware product.

8. A fully biodegradable tableware of bamboo fiber as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The feeding speed of the twin-screw extruder in S3 is 20-25 kg / h, and the vacuum degree is controlled to be -0.08 to -0.09 MPa.

9. A fully biodegradable tableware of bamboo fiber as claimed in claim 8, wherein, In S4, the mold temperature of the injection molding machine is controlled to be 40-50°C, and the cooling time is 25-30 seconds.

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