Preparation method of hydrophobic, flame-retardant, heat-insulating and photo-thermal characteristic coating

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a hydrophobic, flame-retardant, heat-insulating and photo-thermal characteristic coating. The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing and stirring water and a binder into slurry A, sequentially adding cement, polymethylhydrosiloxane and a flame retardant, uniformly stirring respectively, then brushing the slurry on the surface of a substrate, drying at room temperature to obtain a primary coating, and polishing the primary coating; mixing a mixed binder, water, ammonia water and a siloxane compound to form a dispersion liquid, adding an oxide and a photothermal conversion filler, uniformly stirring, spraying the composite slurry on the surface of the polished primary coating, and drying at room temperature to obtain the multifunctional coating integrating flame-retardant, heat-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photothermal conversion functions. Cooperative integration of super-hydrophobicity, flame retardance, heat insulation and photothermal conversion performance of the material is built through layer-by-layer functionalization. The multifunctional coating has wide application prospects in the fields of aerospace, ocean engineering, green buildings, power transmission lines and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of multifunctional coating materials with flame-retardant, thermal-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photothermal conversion properties, and in particular to a preparation method of a hydrophobic, flame-retardant, thermal-insulating and photothermal property coating. BACKGROUND

[0002] Multifunctional coating materials with flame-retardant, thermal-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photothermal conversion properties have broad application prospects in aerospace, marine engineering, electronic packaging, green building, power transmission lines and wind power generation, etc. due to their unique combination of properties. Such coating materials can achieve synergistic optimization of multiple properties through surface engineering and molecular design. They can improve energy utilization efficiency and passive deicing performance by utilizing their photothermal conversion properties, reduce dust accumulation and rain erosion by virtue of super-hydrophobic surfaces, and enhance system fire prevention capability through flame-retardant properties. Therefore, coating materials with such multifunctional properties can exhibit excellent protective performance in extreme environments.

[0003] For example, such multifunctional coatings can provide fire protection for aircraft fuel tank areas and accelerate water evaporation on the surface of the wing to prevent icing phenomena by utilizing sunlight, super-hydrophobic properties and flame-retardant properties; they can provide innovative solutions to the multiple challenges of seawater corrosion, biofouling and fire risk that traditional marine anti-corrosion coatings simultaneously address; and they can also solve the problems of flammability and moisture absorption faced by traditional building materials. Although multifunctional coatings with flame-retardant, thermal-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photothermal conversion properties have broad application prospects, they still face many technical bottlenecks and scientific challenges in actual development and industrialization. For example, such multifunctional coatings still face the problem of being difficult to simultaneously consider flame-retardant, thermal-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photothermal conversion properties in the actual development and industrialization process. Traditional modification techniques often sacrifice one aspect to improve another, and improving flame-retardant and thermal-insulating properties may sacrifice mechanical strength, and improving hydrophobicity may affect environmental performance.

[0004] For example, to achieve super-hydrophobicity, micro-nano rough structures are usually constructed, which may increase the surface area and thus reduce flame-retardant and thermal-insulating properties; and high content of flame-retardant fillers may cover photothermal active sites, reducing photothermal conversion efficiency. In addition, many current high-performance multifunctional coatings still have environmental toxicity problems. Traditional flame retardants such as halogen compounds have significant effects but have environmental persistence and bioaccumulation risks. Although the use of organic phosphorus modified flame-retardant materials can avoid halogen problems, phosphorus-based flame retardants may also have an impact on aquatic ecosystems.

[0005] In addition, some super-hydrophobic coatings use fluorine-containing compounds to reduce surface energy, which belong to persistent organic pollutants and are subject to increasingly stringent regulatory restrictions, while volatile organic compound emissions are another environmental concern. Although water-based coating technology has made great progress, many high-performance coatings still require organic solvents to ensure processing performance and film quality. Therefore, using a green and simple method to synthesize a multifunctional coating material with flame-retardant thermal insulation, super-hydrophobicity and photo-thermal conversion characteristics will have broad application prospects in the fields of aerospace, marine engineering, electronic packaging, green building, power transmission lines and wind power generation. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application solves the problem that it is difficult to simultaneously consider the functions of flame-retardant thermal insulation, super-hydrophobicity and photo-thermal conversion characteristics of multifunctional coating materials, and avoids the use of organic solvents and fluorine-containing compounds.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: A preparation method of a hydrophobic, flame-retardant thermal insulation and photo-thermal property coating, comprising the following steps: S1, stirring water and a binder to obtain slurry A; S2, adding cement to the slurry A in step S1 to obtain slurry B; S3, adding polymethylhydrogen siloxane to the slurry B in step S2 to obtain slurry C; S4, adding expanded graphite and a flame retardant to the slurry C in step S3 to obtain slurry D; S5, uniformly brushing the slurry D in step S4 on the surface of a substrate to obtain a primary coating after drying; S6, sanding the surface of the primary coating in step S5 to obtain a secondary coating; S7, stirring a binder, water, an amine compound, polymethylhydrogen siloxane and an organosilicon compound to obtain a dispersion E; S8, adding three different particle sizes of oxides to the dispersion E in step S7 and stirring to obtain a dispersion F; S9, adding a photo-thermal filler to the dispersion F in step S8 to obtain a slurry G; S10, uniformly spraying the slurry G in step S9 on the secondary coating in step S6 to obtain a finished coating with hydrophobic, flame-retardant thermal insulation and photo-thermal properties after drying.

[0008] In the step S1, the binder is one or more of water-based epoxy resin, water-based acrylic resin and water-based polyurethane.

[0009] In the step S1, the water in the slurry A is 2-5 parts by mass, and the binder is 4-7 parts by mass.

[0010] The cement is 2-4 parts by mass in the step S2.

[0011] The polymethylhydrogen siloxane is 0.5-2 parts by mass in the step S3.

[0012] The flame retardant is one or more of alumina particles, graphene, carbon black, molybdenum sulfide particles, carbon powder and refractory fiber in the step S4.

[0013] The flame retardant is 4.5-7 parts by mass and the expanded graphite is 1.5-3.5 parts by mass in the step S4.

[0014] The brushing thickness of the slurry D is 0.8-2.5 mm in the step S5.

[0015] The sandpaper used in the sanding has a mesh size of 400-1800 mesh, a friction pressure of 500-2000 Pa and a friction time of 0.5-2 minutes in the step S6.

[0016] The amine compound is one of ammonia and hexamethylenetetramine in the step S7.

[0017] Preferably, the binder is one or more of water-based epoxy resin, water-based acrylic resin and water-based polyurethane in the step S7.

[0018] Preferably, the organosilicon compound is one or more of triethoxysilane, polydimethylsiloxane, tetraethyl orthosilicate or polysilsesquioxane in the step S7.

[0019] Preferably, the binder is 2-4.5 parts by mass, the water is 10-15 parts by mass, the amine compound is 0.5-2 parts by mass, the polymethylhydrogen siloxane is 0.5-2 parts by mass and the organosilicon compound is 1-2.5 parts by mass in the step S7.

[0020] Preferably, the oxides are two or more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide and titanium dioxide in the step S8.

[0021] Preferably, the oxides are 0.4-1 parts by mass in the step S8.

[0022] Preferably, the three different particle sizes of the oxides are 20-80 nm, 200-400 nm and 500-1000 nm, respectively in the step S8.

[0023] Preferably, the photothermal filler is 0.2-0.8 parts by mass in the step S9.

[0024] Preferably, in the step S9, the photothermal filler is one or more of TiO2 particles, Fe3O4 nanoparticles, copper sulfide nanocrystals, graphene, graphene oxide, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphite powder, carbon powder, and polydopamine nanoparticles.

[0025] Preferably, in the step S10, the slurry G is uniformly sprayed at a dosage of 0.008-0.018 g / cm 2 .

[0026] In the step S1, the stirring rate is 600-1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 5-10 min.

[0027] In the step S2, the stirring rate is 600-1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 3-7 min.

[0028] In the step S3, the stirring rate is 500-800 rpm, and the stirring time is 20-40 min.

[0029] In the step S4, the stirring rate is 300-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 15-25 min.

[0030] In the step S5, the drying temperature is 5-35℃, and the drying time is 12-24 h.

[0031] In the step S7, the stirring rate is 300-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 15-25 min.

[0032] In the step S8, the stirring rate is 300-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 15-25 min.

[0033] In the step S9, the stirring rate is 300-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 15-25 min.

[0034] In the step S10, the drying temperature is 5-35℃, and the drying time is 12-24 h.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The present application first realizes the preparation of a coating material with flame-retardant, heat-insulating and photothermal properties, and then realizes the preparation of a finished coating with flame-retardant, heat-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photothermal conversion properties by modifying the coating material with low surface energy in an aqueous environment. The entire preparation process of the finished coating disclosed in the present application is carried out in an aqueous and room temperature environment, and does not use any environmentally unfriendly materials such as organic solvents, halogen compounds, organic phosphine modified flame-retardant materials and fluorine-containing compounds.

[0036] 2、Generally, due to the high water content of waterborne epoxy resin, waterborne acrylic resin and waterborne polyurethane, the addition of solid fillers in these materials is prone to cause coating cracking and peeling due to high stress. The present application uses "cement-binder" to form an organic-inorganic hybrid network, which significantly improves the hardness, wear resistance and adhesion to the substrate of the coating, and avoids coating peeling during drying or rubbing. At the same time, by filling the intermolecular gaps of the binder with cement hydration products, the solidification shrinkage stress is reduced, and the problem of easy cracking of the binder is overcome.

[0037] 3、By taking advantage of the poor compatibility of cement and binder to form phase separation, micron-sized through pores are formed during coating solidification. At the same time, by using cement hydration reaction and water consumption to regulate the alkaline environment during coating preparation, the hydrogen release rate of polymethylhydrogen siloxane is optimized, and the optimization and regulation of the pores in the coating are realized. These regulated pores are beneficial to the improvement of the thermal insulation performance of the coating, and also facilitate the spraying and penetration of the dispersion liquid and the full modification of its low surface energy to improve its overall super-hydrophobic performance. Compared with the coating without adding cement, the thermal conductivity of the coating can be reduced by more than 100 times.

[0038] 4、By using metal ions in cement to catalyze the cross-linking and carbonization of the binder, a denser flame-retardant carbon layer is formed with expanded graphite and other flame-retardant fillers, and the residual carbon rate is increased by more than 35%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 1 is the SEM image of the secondary coating surface obtained by sanding the primary coating surface of Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The source of the drugs used in the following examples or comparative examples is described in the specification, unless otherwise specified. Cement was purchased from Huaxin Cement (Yichang) Co., Ltd., model M325.

[0040] Carbon black was purchased from Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanometer Material Technology Co., Ltd., item number: 101094.

[0041] Expanded graphite was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., Ltd., item number: E196403.

[0042] Refractory fiber was purchased from Deqing Lei Jingjing Fiber Co., Ltd., model LJ1260.

[0043] Graphene was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., Ltd., item number: G302114.

[0044] Graphene oxide was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd., item number: 900704.

[0045] Carbon nanotubes were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., Ltd., item number: C313046.

[0046] Graphite powder was purchased from Shanghai Aldrin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., item number: G103921.

[0047] Alumina particles were purchased from Zhongnuo New Material (Shanghai) Technology Co., Ltd., item number: Al33401.

[0048] Molybdenum sulfide particles were purchased from Zhongnuo New Material (Shanghai) Technology Co., Ltd., item number: Mo63401.

[0049] TiO2 particles were purchased from Zhongnuo New Material (Shanghai) Technology Co., Ltd., item number: Ti33404.

[0050] Fe3O4 nanoparticles were purchased from Beijing Zhongke Yannuo New Material Technology Co., Ltd., item number: zkyn-Fe3O4.

[0051] The following operating parameters were used for stirring and drying in the following examples or comparative examples, unless otherwise specified: In step S1, the stirring rate was 1000 rpm and the stirring time was 5 min.

[0052] In step S2, the stirring rate was 600 rpm and the stirring time was 7 min.

[0053] In step S3, the stirring rate was 800 rpm and the stirring time was 20 min.

[0054] In step S4, the stirring rate was 300 rpm and the stirring time was 25 min.

[0055] In step S5, the drying temperature was 35 ℃ and the drying time was 12 h.

[0056] In step S7, the stirring rate was 500 rpm and the stirring time was 15 min.

[0057] In step S8, the stirring rate was 500 rpm and the stirring time was 15 min.

[0058] In step S9, the stirring rate was 500 rpm and the stirring time was 15 min.

[0059] In step S10, the drying temperature was 35 ℃ and the drying time was 12 h.

[0060] Example 1 In step S1, 2 parts of water, 2 parts of water-based epoxy resin and 2 parts of water-based acrylic resin were mixed in mass fraction and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry A. In step S2, 2 parts of cement were added to the slurry A prepared in step S1 and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry B. Step S3, 0.5 parts of polymethylhydrogen siloxane was added into the slurry prepared in step S2 in mass fraction and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry C; Step S4, 1.5 parts of expanded graphite and 0.5 parts of aluminum oxide particles, 0.5 parts of graphene, 1 part of carbon black and 2.5 parts of molybdenum sulfide particles were added into the slurry prepared in step S3 in mass fraction and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry D; Step S5, the slurry obtained in step S4 was brushed on the surface of the substrate, and after drying sufficiently at room temperature, a primary coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion properties was obtained, and the thickness of the primary coating layer was 0.8 mm; Step S6, the surface of the primary coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion properties dried in step S5 was polished for 0.5 minutes using 400 mesh sandpaper under a friction pressure of 500 Pa to obtain a secondary coating layer; the secondary coating layer was a porous and rough coating layer. The SEM image of the surface of the secondary coating layer obtained by sanding the surface of the primary coating layer is shown in Figure 1 .

[0061] Step S7, 1 part of water-based epoxy resin, 1 part of water-based polyurethane, 10 parts of water, 0.5 parts of ammonia water, 0.5 parts of polymethylhydrogen siloxane and 1 part of triethoxysilane were mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion liquid E; Step S8, 0.1 parts of 20 nanometer silicon dioxide, 0.1 parts of 200 nanometer aluminum oxide and 0.2 parts of 500 nanometer zinc oxide particles were added into the dispersion liquid E prepared in step S7 and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion liquid F; Step S9, 0.1 parts of TiO2 particles and 0.1 parts of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were added into the dispersion liquid F prepared in step S8 and stirred uniformly to obtain a slurry G; the uniform spraying amount of the slurry G was 0.008 g / cm 2 .

[0062] Step S10, the slurry G prepared in step S9 was sprayed on the surface of the coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion properties polished in step S6, and after drying sufficiently at room temperature, a finished coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photo-thermal conversion properties was obtained.

[0063] The related performance test parameters of the finished coating layer obtained are as follows: the water droplet contact angle of the surface of the coating layer is 161±0.5°, and the rolling angle is 4±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating layer is 0.07 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating layer is 35.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating layer is 41.8%; after the coating layer is irradiated for 20 minutes by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 , the surface temperature rises to 42℃. After the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes, the surface temperature drops to 3.1℃.

[0064] Example 2 Step S1, 3 parts of water, 2 parts of water-based epoxy resin and 2 parts of water-based polyurethane were mixed in mass fraction, and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry A; Step S2, 3 parts of cement were added to the slurry A prepared in step S1 and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry B; Step S3, 1 part of polymethylhydrogen siloxane was added to the slurry prepared in step S2 and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry C; Step S4, 2.5 parts of expanded graphite, 2 parts of aluminum oxide particles, 2 parts of carbon powder and 2 parts of refractory fiber were added to the slurry prepared in step S3 and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry D; Step S5, the slurry obtained in step S4 was brushed on the surface of the substrate, and after drying sufficiently at room temperature, a primary coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion characteristics was obtained; the thickness of the primary coating layer was 1.3 mm; Step S6, the surface of the primary coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion characteristics dried in step S5 was polished for 1 minute under the condition of a friction pressure of 1000 Pa using 800 mesh sandpaper to obtain a secondary coating layer; Step S7, 1 part of water-based epoxy resin, 1 part of water-based acrylic resin, 1.5 parts of water-based polyurethane, 12 parts of water, 1.5 parts of ammonia water, 1 part of polymethylhydrogen siloxane, 1 part of triethoxysilane, 0.5 part of polydimethylsiloxane and 0.5 part of tetraethyl orthosilicate were mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion liquid E; Step S8, 0.2 parts of zinc oxide with a particle size of 40 nanometers, 0.2 parts of 300 nanometer copper oxide and 0.2 parts of 800 nanometer titanium dioxide particles were added to the dispersion liquid E prepared in step S7 and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion liquid F; Step S9, 0.1 part of copper sulfide nanocrystals, 0.1 part of graphene, 0.1 part of graphene oxide and 0.1 part of carbon nanotubes were added to the dispersion liquid F prepared in step S8 and stirred uniformly to obtain a slurry G; the uniform spraying amount of the slurry G was 0.012 g / cm 2 .

[0065] Step S10, the slurry G prepared in step S9 was sprayed on the surface of the coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion characteristics polished in step S6, and after drying sufficiently at room temperature, a finished coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photo-thermal conversion characteristics was obtained.

[0066] The related performance test parameters of the finished coating layer were as follows: the water droplet contact angle of the coating layer surface was 155±0.5°, the rolling angle was 6±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating layer was 0.08 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating layer was 34.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating layer was 42.3%; in a-15℃ environment, the coating layer was irradiated at a power density of 1000 W / m2 The surface temperature rose to 44℃ after 20 minutes of simulated sunlight irradiation. The surface temperature dropped to 3.7℃ after 10 minutes of simulated sunlight shutdown.

[0067] Example 3 Step S1, 5 parts of water and 7 parts of water-based epoxy resin were mixed in mass fraction, and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry A; Step S2, 4 parts of cement were added to the slurry A prepared in step S1 in mass fraction and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry B; Step S3, 2 parts of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane were added to the slurry prepared in step S2 in mass fraction and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry C; Step S4, 3.5 parts of expanded graphite, 2 parts of carbon powder and 5 parts of refractory fiber were added to the slurry prepared in step S3 in mass fraction and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry D; Step S5, the slurry obtained in step S4 was brushed on the surface of the substrate, and after drying sufficiently at room temperature, a primary coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion characteristics was obtained; the thickness of the primary coating layer was 2.0 mm; Step S6, the surface of the primary coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion characteristics dried in step S5 was polished for 2 minutes under the condition of friction pressure of 2000 Pa using 1800 mesh sandpaper to obtain a secondary coating layer; Step S7, 4.5 parts of water-based polyurethane, 15 parts of water, 2 parts of ammonia water, 2 parts of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane, 1 part of triethoxysilane and 1.5 parts of cage polysilsesquioxane were mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion liquid E; Step S8, 0.3 parts of 80 nanometer silica, 0.3 parts of 400 nanometer zinc oxide and 0.4 parts of 1000 nanometer copper oxide particles were added to the dispersion liquid E prepared in step S7 and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion liquid F; Step S9, 0.2 parts of graphite powder, 0.2 parts of carbon powder, 0.2 parts of polydopamine and 0.2 parts of copper sulfide nanocrystals were added to the dispersion liquid F prepared in step S8 and stirred uniformly to obtain a slurry G; the uniform spraying amount of the slurry G was 0.016 g / cm 2 .

[0068] Step S10, the slurry G prepared in step S9 was sprayed on the surface of the coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion characteristics polished in step S6, and after sufficient drying at room temperature, a finished coating layer with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photo-thermal conversion characteristics was obtained.

[0069] The relevant performance test parameters of the finished coating are as follows: the water droplet contact angle of the coating surface is 158±0.5°, the rolling angle is 6±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is 0.09 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is 36.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is 43.7%; the surface temperature of the coating rises to 45℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in an environment of-15℃, and the surface temperature drops to 4.3℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes.

[0070] Example 4 Step S1, 4 parts of water, 3 parts of water-based acrylic resin and 4 parts of water-based polyurethane are mixed in mass fraction, and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry A; Step S2, 2 parts of cement are added to the slurry A prepared in step S1 and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry B; Step S3, 1 part of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane is added to the slurry prepared in step S2 and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry C; Step S4, 3 parts of expanded graphite and 6 parts of refractory fiber are added to the slurry prepared in step S3 and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry D; Step S5, the slurry obtained in step S4 is brushed on the surface of the substrate, and after drying sufficiently at room temperature, a primary coating with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion properties is obtained; the thickness of the primary coating is 2.5 mm; Step S6, the surface of the primary coating with both flame-retardant and heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion properties dried in step S5 is polished for 1.5 minutes under the condition of a friction pressure of 1400 Pa using 1200 mesh sandpaper to obtain a secondary coating; Step S7, 2 parts of water-based epoxy resin, 1.5 parts of water-based polyurethane, 11 parts of water, 1.5 parts of ammonia water, 0.5-2 parts of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane, 0.5 parts of triethoxysilane, 0.5 parts of polydimethylsiloxane, 1 part of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 0.5 parts of cage polysilsesquioxane are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain dispersion liquid E; Step S8, 0.1 parts of 30 nanometer silica, 0.1 parts of 400 nanometer silica and 0.3 parts of 800 nanometer silica are added to the dispersion liquid E prepared in step S7 and stirred uniformly to obtain dispersion liquid F; Step S9, 0.6 parts of graphite powder are added to the dispersion liquid F prepared in step S8 and stirred uniformly to obtain slurry G; the uniform spraying amount of slurry G is 0.018 g / cm 2 .

[0071] Step S10, the slurry G prepared in step S9 is sprayed on the coating surface with flame-retardant, heat-insulating and photo-thermal conversion properties polished in step S6, and after being dried at room temperature, a finished coating with flame-retardant, heat-insulating, super-hydrophobic and photo-thermal conversion properties is obtained.

[0072] The related performance test parameters of the finished coating are as follows: the water droplet contact angle of the coating surface is 153±0.5°, the rolling angle is 6±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is 0.09 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is 37.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is 42.6%; and the surface temperature of the coating rises to 45℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in an environment of-15℃, and the surface temperature drops to 4.8℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes.

[0073] Example 5 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the ammonia water in step S7 is replaced by a slow-release hexamethylenetetramine regulator.

[0074] The related performance test parameters of the finished coating are as follows: the water droplet contact angle of the coating surface is 165±0.5°, the rolling angle is 1±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is 0.04 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is 36.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is 42.3%; and the surface temperature of the coating rises to 44℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in an environment of-15℃, and the surface temperature drops to 3.6℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes.

[0075] Comparative Example 1 The method and steps are the same as those in Example 1, but step S2 is lacking.

[0076] Through the above steps, the related performance test parameters of the finished coating are as follows: the water droplet contact angle of the coating surface is 155±0.5°, the rolling angle is 7±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is 7.9 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is 26.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is 30.6%; and the surface temperature of the coating rises to 42℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in an environment of-15℃.

[0077] Compared with Example 1, the heat-insulating and flame-retardant properties of the coating are obviously decreased, and the coating is prone to cracking. The surface temperature drops to 0℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 5 minutes.

[0078] Comparative Example 2 The method and steps are the same as those in Example 2, but step S3 is lacking.

[0079] The relevant performance test parameters of the finished coating obtained by the above steps are: the water droplet contact angle on the surface of the coating is 145±0.5°, and the rolling angle is 15±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is 6.1 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is 31.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is 31.2%; and the surface temperature of the coating rises to 43℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in an environment of-15℃.

[0080] Compared with Example 2, the super-hydrophobic performance of the coating is lost, and the flame-retardant and heat-insulating performance is obviously decreased. The surface temperature decreases to 0℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 5 minutes.

[0081] Comparative Example 3 The method and steps are the same as those in Example 3, but no expanded graphite is added in step S4.

[0082] The relevant performance test parameters of the finished coating obtained by the above steps are: the water droplet contact angle on the surface of the coating is 152±0.5°, and the rolling angle is 8±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is 0.12 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is 19.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is 20.6%; and the surface temperature of the coating rises to 43℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in an environment of-15℃.

[0083] Compared with Example 3, the flame-retardant and heat-insulating performance of the coating is obviously decreased. The surface temperature decreases to 3.5℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes.

[0084] Comparative Example 4 The method and steps are the same as those in Example 4, but step S6 is lacking.

[0085] The relevant performance test parameters of the finished coating obtained by the above steps are: the water droplet contact angle on the surface of the coating is 141±0.5°, and the rolling angle is 15±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is 0.11 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is 36.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is 41.5%; and the surface temperature of the coating rises to 41℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in an environment of-15℃.

[0086] Compared with Example 4, the super-hydrophobic performance of the coating is obviously decreased. The surface temperature decreases to 4.3℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes.

[0087] Comparative Example 5 The method and steps are the same as those in Example 1, but no polymethylhydrogen siloxane is added in step S7.

[0088] The relevant performance test parameters of the finished coating obtained by the above steps are: the water droplet contact angle of the coating surface is 135±0.5°, the rolling angle is 20±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is: 0.08 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is: 34.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is: 40.6%; the surface temperature of the coating rises to 43℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in a-15℃ environment.

[0089] Compared with Example 1, the super-hydrophobic performance of the coating is obviously decreased. The surface temperature decreases to 2.8℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes.

[0090] Comparative Example 6 The method and steps are the same as Example 1, but no triethoxysilane, polydimethylsiloxane, tetraethyl orthosilicate or cage polysilsesquioxane is added in step S7.

[0091] The relevant performance test parameters of the finished coating obtained by the above steps are: the water droplet contact angle of the coating surface is 141±0.5°, the rolling angle is 12±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is: 0.07 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is: 33.5%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is: 41.6%; the surface temperature of the coating rises to 42℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in a-15℃ environment.

[0092] Compared with Example 1, the super-hydrophobic performance of the coating is obviously decreased. The surface temperature decreases to 2.7℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes.

[0093] Comparative Example 7 The method and steps are the same as Example 2, but no 0.1 part of 20 nanometer silicon dioxide, 0.1 part of 200 nanometer aluminum oxide and 0.2 part of 500 nanometer zinc oxide particles are added in step S8.

[0094] The relevant performance test parameters of the finished coating obtained by the above steps are: the water droplet contact angle of the coating surface is 135±0.5°, the rolling angle is 50±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is: 0.09 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is: 33.8%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is: 41.9%; the surface temperature of the coating rises to 43℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in a-15℃ environment. The surface temperature decreases to 3.4℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes. Compared with Example 2, the super-hydrophobic performance of the finished coating is obviously decreased.

[0095] Comparative Example 8 The method and steps are the same as Example 3, but no filler with light-heat conversion properties is added in step S9. Through the above steps, the relevant performance test parameters of the finished coating are: the water droplet contact angle of the coating surface is 156±0.5°, and the rolling angle is 7±0.5°; the thermal conductivity of the coating is: 0.08 W / (m·K); the limiting oxygen index of the coating is: 36.1%; the carbon residue rate of the coating is: 42.8%; the surface temperature of the coating rises to 31℃ after being irradiated by simulated sunlight with a radiant power density of 1000 W / m 2 for 20 minutes in an environment of-15℃. The surface temperature drops to 0.5℃ after the simulated sunlight is turned off for 10 minutes. Compared with Example 3, the light-heat conversion performance of the finished coating is obviously decreased.

Claims

1. A method for the production of a hydrophobic, flame-retardant, thermally insulating and photothermal properties coating, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, stirring water and binder to obtain slurry A; S2, stirring cement into slurry A in step S1 to obtain slurry B; S3, stirring polymethylhydrogen siloxane into slurry B in step S2 to obtain slurry C; S4, stirring expanded graphite and flame retardant into slurry C in step S3 to obtain slurry D; S5, uniformly brushing slurry D in step S4 on the surface of a substrate to obtain a primary coating layer, and drying the primary coating layer to obtain a secondary coating layer; S6, sanding the surface of the primary coating layer in step S5 to obtain a secondary coating layer; S7, stirring binder, water, amine compound, polymethylhydrogen siloxane and organosilicon compound to obtain dispersion liquid E; S8, stirring three kinds of oxide with different particle sizes into dispersion liquid E in step S7 to obtain dispersion liquid F; S9, stirring photothermal filler into dispersion liquid F in step S8 to obtain slurry G; S10, uniformly spraying slurry G in step S9 on the secondary coating layer in step S6, and drying the secondary coating layer to obtain a finished coating layer with hydrophobic, flame-retardant, heat-insulating and photothermal properties.

2. A process for the preparation of a hydrophobic, fire-retardant, thermally insulating and photothermal properties coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the binder is one or more of water-based epoxy resin, water-based acrylic resin and water-based polyurethane.

3. A process for the preparation of a hydrophobic, fire-retardant, thermally insulating and photothermal properties coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the water accounts for 2-5 parts by mass, and the binder accounts for 4-7 parts by mass in slurry A.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating is hydrophobic, flame- retardant, thermally insulating, and photothermal in nature. In step S2, the cement accounts for 2-4 parts by mass.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating is hydrophobic, flame- retardant, thermally insulating, and photothermal in nature. In step S3, the polymethylhydrogen siloxane accounts for 0.5-2 parts by mass.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating is hydrophobic, flame- retardant, thermally insulating, and photothermal in nature. In step S4, the flame retardant is one or more of alumina particles, graphene, carbon black, molybdenum sulfide particles, carbon powder and refractory fiber.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating is hydrophobic, flame- retardant, thermally insulating, and photothermal in nature. In step S4, the flame retardant accounts for 4.5-7 parts by mass, and the expanded graphite accounts for 1.5-3.5 parts by mass.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating is hydrophobic, flame- retardant, thermally insulating, and photothermal in nature. In step S5, the brushing thickness of slurry D is 0.8-2.5 mm.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating is hydrophobic, flame- retardant, thermally insulating, and photothermal in nature. In step S6, the sandpaper used for sanding has a mesh number of 400-1800 mesh, a friction pressure of 500-2000 Pa and a friction time of 0.5-2 minutes.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating is hydrophobic, flame- retardant, thermally insulating, and photothermal in nature. In step S7, the amine compound is one of ammonia and hexamethylenetetramine.

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