Drilling machine reaming mechanism and method and drilling machine

Abstract

The invention provides a drilling machine chambering mechanism and method and drilling machine.The drilling machine chambering mechanism comprises a chambering device, the chambering device comprises a hollow base, a hydraulic oil cylinder arranged in the base, a hinge assembly and a tool bit assembly, the tool bit assembly comprises a tool bit mounting base and a tool bit, and the tool bit is fixedly arranged on the tool bit mounting base; the tool bit mounting seat is hinged to the base; the first end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the base, the second end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the hinge assembly, and the hinge assembly is hinged to the tool bit installation base. When the hydraulic oil cylinder stretches out and draws back, the tool bit assembly can be driven by the hinge assembly to rotate outwards to be opened or rotate inwards to be retracted back. According to the drilling machine reaming mechanism, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the tool bit assembly to rotate outwards to be opened or rotate inwards to be retracted, on the basis that the reaming efficiency is guaranteed, the risk that the tool bit is damaged is reduced, and meanwhile drill jamming accidents are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a drilling machine reaming mechanism and method and a drilling machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] A rotary drilling rig is a common engineering machinery. When adopting a full casing process for construction, after the rotary drilling rig encounters a rock layer during drilling, a reaming bit is usually used to core and ream the rock layer, so that the casing can be subsequently followed up for construction to the design depth.

[0003] The current mechanical reaming bit generally includes a connecting rod mechanism and a cutter head assembly, and the connecting rod mechanism is hinged with the cutter head assembly. During reaming operation, the connecting rod mechanism is driven to rotate outward by the drill rod, and the bottom of the connecting rod mechanism is grounded under force, so that the connecting rod mechanism drives the cutter head assembly to rotate outward and expand, and then the outer diameter of the cutter head is increased to facilitate reaming operation; after the reaming operation is completed, the connecting rod mechanism is driven upward by the drill rod, and the connecting rod mechanism naturally droops under the gravity of the bottom structure, so that the connecting rod mechanism drives the cutter head assembly to rotate inward and retract, so as to pull out the reaming bit to the outside of the hole (the structure of such a reaming bit can be referred to in detail in CN117307037A and other patents).

[0004] However, the above-mentioned reaming bit has the following problems. The expansion pressure of the cutter head assembly is applied by the drill rod, and the expansion pressure applied by the drill rod is uncontrollable. If the expansion pressure applied by the drill rod is too small, the expansion angle of the cutter head assembly is too small, so that the cutter head cannot be in close contact with the rock wall, affecting the reaming efficiency; if the expansion pressure applied by the drill rod is too large, a large extrusion force is formed between the cutter head and the rock wall, which is easy to damage the cutter head. At the same time, after the reaming operation is completed, the cutter head assembly is retracted by relying on the gravity of the bottom structure of the connecting rod mechanism, and this process is uncontrollable, which is easy to cause a stuck drill. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a drilling machine reaming mechanism, which drives the cutter head assembly to rotate outward and expand or rotate inward and retract by a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder can provide stable and controllable driving force, so as to reduce the risk of cutter head damage and reduce the occurrence of stuck drill accidents on the basis of ensuring the reaming efficiency.

[0006] The application provides a drilling machine reaming mechanism, which comprises a reaming device, the reaming device comprises a hollow base, a hydraulic cylinder arranged in the base, a hinge assembly and a cutter head assembly, the cutter head assembly comprises a cutter head mounting seat and a cutter head, the cutter head is fixedly arranged on the cutter head mounting seat, and the cutter head mounting seat is hinged to the base; the first end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the base, the second end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the hinge assembly, and the hinge assembly is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat; when the hydraulic cylinder is in telescopic motion, the cutter head assembly can be driven to rotate outward and open or rotate inward and retract through the hinge assembly.

[0007] Further, the base comprises a hollow barrel and a drill rod connecting seat, the drill rod connecting seat is fixedly connected with the top of the barrel, and the drill rod connecting seat is used for connecting a drill rod; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the barrel, the hinge assembly and the cutter head assembly are arranged at the bottom of the barrel, and the cutter head mounting seat is hinged to the bottom of the barrel.

[0008] Further, the base further comprises a top plate and a reinforcing plate, the top plate is arranged in the barrel, and the top plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the barrel; the hydraulic cylinder is located below the top plate, the first end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the top plate; the drill rod connecting seat is located above the top plate, and the drill rod connecting seat is fixedly connected with the top plate; the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected with the drill rod connecting seat, the top plate and the inner wall of the barrel respectively; and the top plate and the reinforcing plate are both provided with a mud hole.

[0009] Further, an opening is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the barrel, a wing plate is arranged at the opening, the wing plate is fixedly connected with the barrel, the wing plate does not protrude from the outer surface of the barrel, and the cutter head mounting seat is hinged to the wing plate. And / or, an annular guide portion is fixedly arranged at the top of the barrel, and the guide portion has a structure in which the outer diameter gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0010] Further, the hinge assembly comprises a bottom plate and a connecting rod, the second end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the bottom plate, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat.

[0011] Further, the number of cutter head assemblies is multiple, the multiple cutter head assemblies are uniformly and interval arranged around the periphery of the bottom plate, and the cutter head mounting seat of each cutter head assembly is hinged to the bottom plate through the connecting rod. And / or, the first end of the cutter head mounting seat is hinged to the base, the second end of the cutter head mounting seat is hinged to the connecting rod, and the cutter head is arranged at least at the second end of the cutter head mounting seat. And / or, the bottom plate is provided with a counterweight mounting seat, and the counterweight mounting seat is used for mounting a counterweight.

[0012] Further, the drilling rig reaming mechanism further comprises a rotary member and a hydraulic oil pipe, the rotary member comprises a power head connecting seat, a rotary joint and a drum seat arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the power head connecting seat is used for fixedly connecting with a power head of a drilling machine, rotating parts of the rotary joint are fixedly connected with the power head connecting seat and the drum seat respectively, and the power head connecting seat, the rotating parts of the rotary joint and the drum seat can rotate along with the power head; The drum seat is provided with an oil pipe winding and unwinding device, one end of the hydraulic oil pipe is wound on the oil pipe winding and unwinding device and connected with an oil port on the rotary joint, so as to connect a hydraulic system of the drilling machine through the rotary joint, and the other end of the hydraulic oil pipe is connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder.

[0013] Further, the rotary member further comprises an upper rotary support and a lower rotary support, the upper rotary support is located between the power head connecting seat and the rotary joint, and the rotating parts of the rotary joint are fixedly connected with the power head connecting seat through the upper rotary support; the lower rotary support is located between the drum seat and the rotary joint, and the rotating parts of the rotary joint are fixedly connected with the drum seat through the lower rotary support. And / or, the rotary joint is provided with a fixed support, and the fixed support is used for fixedly connecting with a stationary part of the power head. And / or, the drilling rig reaming mechanism further comprises a hole detecting device and a wireless transmitter, the hole detecting device is used for detecting a hole diameter of a drilled hole, the wireless transmitter is arranged on the drum seat, and the hole detecting device and the wireless transmitter are electrically connected through a cable; the drum seat is provided with a cable winding and unwinding device, one end of the cable is wound on the cable winding and unwinding device and electrically connected with the wireless transmitter, and the other end of the cable is electrically connected with the hole detecting device.

[0014] The application further provides a drilling rig reaming method based on the drilling rig reaming mechanism. When the reaming operation is performed, one of the extending action and the retracting action of the hydraulic oil cylinder is controlled, the hinge assembly drives the cutter head assembly to rotate outward and expand, so as to increase the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head; the power head of the drilling machine drives the reaming device to rotate through a drill rod, so as to perform the reaming operation. After the reaming operation is completed, the other of the extending action and the retracting action of the hydraulic oil cylinder is controlled, the hinge assembly drives the cutter head assembly to rotate inward and retract, so as to reduce the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head.

[0015] The drilling machine reaming mechanism provided by the present application also provides a drilling machine.

[0016] The drilling machine reaming mechanism provided by the present application also provides a drilling machine.

[0017] Meanwhile, the hydraulic cylinder can be directly provided with hydraulic power by the hydraulic system of the drilling machine, and no additional power source needs to be configured for the hydraulic cylinder, thereby saving cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. 6 is a connection structure diagram of the drilling machine reaming mechanism, the power head and the drill rod in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 FIG. 7 is a structure diagram of a rotary member in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 FIG. 8 is a structure diagram of the reaming device in another direction. Figure 2

[0021] Figure 4 FIG. 9 is a structure diagram of the reaming device in another direction.

[0022] Figure 5 FIG. 10 is a structure diagram of the reaming device in another direction. Figure 4

[0023] Figure 6 FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional diagram of the reaming device when the cutter assembly is in a retracted state.

[0024] Figure 7 FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional diagram of the reaming device when the cutter assembly is in an expanded state.

[0025] Figure 8 FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional diagram of the reaming device in another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application.​​

[0027] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like in the description and claims of the application (if any) are used for distinguishing between similar objects talking about the technical scheme and do not necessarily have to follow a specific order or sequence.

[0028] The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like (if any) in the description and claims of the application are defined with reference to the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, only to express the technical scheme clearly and conveniently. It should be understood that the use of the terms should not limit the scope of the application claimed.

[0029] As shown in Figures 1 to 7 The drill rig reaming mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is used for reaming operation of a drilling machine. The drill rig reaming mechanism comprises a reaming device 1, which is used for transmission connection with a power head 5 of the drilling machine through a drill rod 4, that is, the power head 5 can drive the reaming device 1 to rotate and move up and down through the drill rod 4 when the power head 5 rotates and moves up and down, thereby realizing reaming operation and pulling out the drill rod and the like. The reaming device 1 comprises a hollow base 11, a hydraulic cylinder 12 arranged in the base 11, a hinge assembly 13 and a cutter head assembly 14. The cutter head assembly 14 comprises a cutter head mounting seat 141 and a cutter head 142. The cutter head 142 performs reaming operation when rotating. The cutter head 142 is fixedly arranged on the cutter head mounting seat 141. The cutter head mounting seat 141 is hinged to the base 11. A first end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected with the base 11. A second end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected with the hinge assembly 13. The hinge assembly 13 is hinged to the cutter head mounting seat 141. The cutter head 142 is arranged on the cutter head mounting seat 141 at least at a position close to the hinge assembly 13. When the hydraulic cylinder 12 extends and retracts, the cutter head assembly 14 can be driven by the hinge assembly 13 to rotate outwardly and open or rotate inwardly and retract (wherein the outward rotation and opening of the cutter head assembly 14 refers to rotation of the cutter head assembly 14 toward a side away from the center of the base 11, and the inward rotation and retraction of the cutter head assembly 14 refers to rotation of the cutter head assembly 14 toward a side close to the center of the base 11), so as to increase or decrease the outer circumferential diameter of the cutter head 142 (the outer circumferential diameter of the cutter head 142 refers to the maximum diameter of a circle formed by the cutter head 142 when rotating). Specifically, when the hydraulic cylinder 12 extends and retracts, the cutter head mounting seat 141 can be driven by the hinge assembly 13 to rotate outwardly and open or rotate inwardly and retract, so as to extend outwardly or retract inwardly.

[0030] In the embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is vertically arranged in the base 11, the hinge assembly 13 is located below the hydraulic cylinder 12, the top end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected with the base 11, and the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected with the hinge assembly 13. When the hydraulic cylinder 12 extends downward, the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inwardly and retract through the hinge assembly 13, so that the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 is reduced, and finally the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 is less than or equal to the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the base 11, that is, the cutter head 142 does not protrude outwardly compared with the base 11, so as to facilitate the subsequent lifting of the reaming device 1 out of the hole; when the hydraulic cylinder 12 retracts upwardly, the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outwardly and open through the hinge assembly 13, so that the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 is increased, and finally the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 is greater than the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the base 11, that is, the cutter head 142 protrudes outwardly compared with the base 11, so as to facilitate the reaming operation of the cutter head 142. Of course, in other embodiments, the hydraulic cylinder 12 can drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outwardly and open through the hinge assembly 13 when the hydraulic cylinder 12 extends downwardly, and the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inwardly and retract through the hinge assembly 13 when the hydraulic cylinder 12 retracts upwardly.

[0031] The reaming mechanism of the drilling machine provided in the embodiment can drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outwardly and open or rotate inwardly and retract through the hydraulic cylinder 12. Since the hydraulic cylinder 12 can provide stable and controllable driving force, when the reaming operation is performed, the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outwardly and open through the hinge assembly 13, the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 is increased, the cutter head 142 is in close contact with the rock wall, and the extrusion force between the cutter head 142 and the rock wall is avoided from being too large, so that the risk of damage of the cutter head 142 is reduced on the basis of ensuring the reaming efficiency; meanwhile, after the reaming operation is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inwardly and retract through the hinge assembly 13, the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 is reduced, so as to facilitate the lifting of the reaming device 1 out of the hole, and the process is stable and controllable, which can reduce the occurrence of the sticking accident (for the existing mechanical reaming drill bit, the cutter head assembly relies on the gravity of the bottom structure of the connecting rod mechanism to retract after the reaming operation is completed, and since the process is uncontrollable, the cutter head assembly may not be retracted in some working conditions, so that the reaming drill bit is stuck with the hole wall or the casing when the reaming drill bit is lifted out of the hole, which results in the failure of lifting of the reaming drill bit and the sticking accident).

[0032] Meanwhile, the hydraulic cylinder 12 can be directly provided with hydraulic power by the hydraulic system (not shown in the figure) of the drilling machine, and the hydraulic cylinder 12 does not need to be additionally configured with a power source, so that the cost is saved.

[0033] Further, as shown in FIG. 1, Figure 1 、 Figures 4 to 7As shown, in the embodiment, the base 11 comprises a hollow barrel 111 and a drill rod connecting seat 112, the barrel 111 is a cylindrical structure with both upper and lower ends open. The drill rod connecting seat 112 is arranged at the top of the barrel 111, and the drill rod connecting seat 112 is fixedly connected with the top of the barrel 111, and the drill rod connecting seat 112 is used for connecting the drill rod 4; specifically, the drill rod connecting seat 112 is connected with the square head at the lower end of the drill rod 4 through a bidirectional pin shaft. The hydraulic oil cylinder 12 is arranged in the barrel 111, and the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 is located at the center position in the barrel 111; the hinge assembly 13 and the tool head assembly 14 are both arranged at the bottom of the barrel 111, the hinge assembly 13 is located below the barrel 111, and the tool head mounting seat 141 is hinged with the bottom of the barrel 111.

[0034] Further, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in the embodiment, the base 11 further comprises a top plate 113 and a reinforcing plate 114, the top plate 113 is arranged at the top of the barrel 111, the top plate 113 is arranged in the barrel 111, i.e. the top plate 113 is located at the upper end opening of the barrel 111, and the top plate 113 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the barrel 111. The hydraulic oil cylinder 12 is located below the top plate 113, and the first end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 is fixedly connected with the top plate 113. The drill rod connecting seat 112 is located above the top plate 113, and the drill rod connecting seat 112 is fixedly connected with the top plate 113. The reinforcing plate 114 is located above the top plate 113, and the reinforcing plate 114 is located between the drill rod connecting seat 112 and the inner wall of the barrel 111, and the reinforcing plate 114 is fixedly connected with the drill rod connecting seat 112, the top plate 113 and the inner wall of the barrel 111 respectively.

[0035] Specifically, in the embodiment, the top plate 113 is a circular plate, the outer diameter of the top plate 113 is matched with the inner diameter of the barrel 111, and the top plate 113 is fixed with the inner wall of the barrel 111 by welding. The base 11 further comprises a cylinder connecting seat 117 located in the barrel 111, the cylinder connecting seat 117 is located below the top plate 113, the cylinder connecting seat 117 is fixed with the top plate 113 by welding, and the top end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected with the cylinder connecting seat 117; specifically, the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected with the cylinder connecting seat 117 by bolts. Meanwhile, the bottom surface of the top plate 113 is welded with cross staggered reinforcing ribs 1131 to prevent the top plate 113 from being deformed under stress. The drill rod connecting seat 112 is fixed with the top plate 113 by welding, and the reinforcing plate 114 is fixed with the drill rod connecting seat 112, the top plate 113 and the inner wall of the barrel 111 by welding, so that the base 11 has good structural strength. Meanwhile, the top plate 113 and the reinforcing plate 114 are both designed as hollow, that is, the top plate 113 and the reinforcing plate 114 are both provided with a mud passing hole 110, which not only reduces the weight of the top plate 113 and the reinforcing plate 114, but also enables the mud and rock debris to be discharged upward through the mud passing hole 110 during drilling, so as to prevent the occurrence of the phenomenon of sediment jamming.

[0036] Further, as shown in Figures 4 to 7 In the embodiment, the top of the barrel 111 is fixedly provided with an annular guide portion 116, the guide portion 116 is specifically a circular ring structure, the guide portion 116 is a structure with a gradually reduced outer diameter from bottom to top, that is, the guide portion 116 is a conical structure; the guide portion 116 can be fixed with the top of the barrel 111 by welding. The reinforcing plate 114 is fixed with the inner wall of the guide portion 116 by welding. By arranging the guide portion 116, when the reaming device 1 is used in combination with casing wall construction, after the reaming operation is completed, the guide portion 116 can make the reaming device 1 more easily enter the casing when the reaming device 1 needs to be pulled out to the outside of the hole, thereby facilitating the drilling pulling operation.

[0037] Further, in the embodiment, a spiral slag discharge wear-resistant strip (not shown in the figure) is welded on the outer surface of the barrel 111, which can reduce the direct contact between the rock debris and the outer wall of the barrel 111, thereby reducing the wear of the barrel 111 and improving its service life. Meanwhile, the height of the barrel 111 in the embodiment is greater than that of the conventional drill bit barrel (for example, the height of the barrel 111 in the embodiment is not less than 2 meters or not less than 2.5 meters, while the height of the conventional drill bit barrel is generally 1 meter to 1.8 meters), which is on the one hand to facilitate the arrangement of the hydraulic cylinder 12, and on the other hand to improve the guiding property of the barrel 111.

[0038] Further, as shown in Figures 4 to 7As shown, in the embodiment, the bottom side wall of the barrel 111 is provided with a long strip-shaped opening 111A extending along the height direction of the barrel 111, the opening 111A penetrates the lower end surface of the barrel 111, and the opening 111A does not penetrate the upper end surface of the barrel 111. A wing plate 115 is arranged at the opening 111A, and the wing plate 115 is fixedly connected with the barrel 111, and specifically, the wing plate 115 is fixed with the barrel 111 by welding. The wing plate 115 does not protrude from the outer surface of the barrel 111, so as to avoid affecting the drilling operation and the running and tripping operations. Specifically, one side of the wing plate 115 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the opening 111A by welding, and the other side of the wing plate 115 extends into the barrel 111. The upper end of the cutter head mounting seat 141 is located in the opening 111A, and the upper end of the cutter head mounting seat 141 is hingedly connected with the wing plate 115 by a pin shaft, and the lower end of the cutter head mounting seat 141 is located below the barrel 111. When the power head 5 rotates the reaming device 1 through the drill pipe 4, the rotary torque of the power head 5 is mainly transmitted to the cutter head assembly 14 through the barrel 111 and the wing plate 115, so as to drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate.

[0039] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figures 4 to 7 In the embodiment, the hinge assembly 13 includes a bottom plate 131 and a connecting rod 132, the second end (i.e. the lower end) of the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 is connected with the bottom plate 131, one end of the connecting rod 132 is hingedly connected with the bottom plate 131, and the other end of the connecting rod 132 is hingedly connected with the cutter head mounting seat 141. In the embodiment, the number of the cutter head assemblies 14 is multiple, the number of the connecting rods 132 is multiple, and the multiple cutter head assemblies 14 are uniformly and spacedly arranged around the periphery of the bottom plate 131, and the cutter head mounting seat 141 of each cutter head assembly 14 is hingedly connected with the bottom plate 131 through the connecting rod 132. Meanwhile, the barrel 111 is provided with the opening 111A and the wing plate 115 corresponding to the position of each cutter head assembly 14. In the embodiment, the number of the cutter head assemblies 14 is four; of course, in other embodiments, the number of the cutter head assemblies 14 can also be two, three or more. By uniformly arranging multiple cutter head assemblies 14, the efficiency of the reaming construction can be improved, and the reaming construction is more stable.

[0040] Specifically, in the embodiment, the bottom plate 131 is a circular plate, the center of the bottom plate 131 is provided with an oil cylinder mounting seat 133, the oil cylinder mounting seat 133 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 131 by welding, and the lower end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 (specifically, the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder 12) is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder mounting seat 133 by a mounting pin 136. The edge of the bottom plate 131 is provided with a connecting rod mounting seat 134 corresponding to the position of each cutter head assembly 14, one end of the connecting rod 132 is hingedly connected with the connecting rod mounting seat 134 through a pin shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod 132 is hingedly connected with the lower end of the cutter head mounting seat 141 through a pin shaft.

[0041] In the embodiment, the cutter head mounting seat 141 is a U-shaped plate structure, and the cutter head 142 is arranged in the U-shaped groove of the cutter head mounting seat 141, so that the cutter head mounting seat 141 has good structural strength and the cutter head 142 is convenient to install. The cutter head 142 can be welded and fixed on the cutter head mounting seat 141. The inner walls on the opposite sides of the opening 111A of the barrel 111 are each provided with a wing plate 115, and the opposite two side walls of the cutter head mounting seat 141 are respectively hinged to the wing plates 115 on the opposite sides of the opening 111A, so as to improve the connection strength between the cutter head mounting seat 141 and the barrel 111.

[0042] In the embodiment, the bottom plate 131 is located below the barrel 111, and the outer diameter of the bottom plate 131 is smaller than the inner diameter of the barrel 111, so that the bottom plate 131 does not protrude outwardly compared with the barrel 111; the bottom plate 131 has a gap with the bottom end of the barrel 111, and in the drilling process, the mud and the cuttings can enter the barrel 111 through the gap between the bottom plate 131 and the bottom end of the barrel 111, and then be discharged upwardly through the mud holes 110 on the top plate 113 and the reinforcing plate 114.

[0043] In the embodiment, the first end (i.e. the upper end) of the cutter head mounting seat 141 is hinged to the base 11, the second end (i.e. the lower end) of the cutter head mounting seat 141 is hinged to the connecting rod 132, and the cutter head 142 is arranged at least at the second end of the cutter head mounting seat 141, i.e. the cutter head 142 is arranged at least at the lower end of the cutter head mounting seat 141, so that the cutter head 142 can be more easily stretched outwardly or retracted inwardly when the cutter head assembly 14 rotates.

[0044] Further, as shown in Figures 4 to 7 In the embodiment, the bottom plate 131 is located below the lower end of the cutter head mounting seat 141, i.e. the hinged part of the connecting rod 132 and the bottom plate 131 is located below the hinged part of the connecting rod 132 and the cutter head mounting seat 141. When the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 stretches downwardly, the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 drives the bottom plate 131 to move downwardly, the cutter head assembly 14 rotates and retracts inwardly, so that the outer diameter of the cutter head 142 in rotation is reduced (i.e. the state shown in Figure 6 When the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 retracts upwardly, the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 drives the bottom plate 131 to move upwardly, the cutter head assembly 14 rotates and opens outwardly, so that the outer diameter of the cutter head 142 in rotation is increased (i.e. the state shown in Figure 7 ).

[0045] Of course, in other embodiments, the base plate 131 can also be located above the lower end of the cutter head mounting base 141, that is, the hinge portion of the connecting rod 132 and the base plate 131 is located above the hinge portion of the connecting rod 132 and the cutter head mounting base 141. In this case, when the hydraulic cylinder 12 extends downward, the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the base plate 131 to move downward, and the cutter head assembly 14 rotates outward to open; when the hydraulic cylinder 12 retracts upward, the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the base plate 131 to move upward, and the cutter head assembly 14 rotates inward to retract.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the cutter head 142 is an alloy cutter head. The type of alloy cutter head can be selected according to the formation conditions, for example, a roller cone cutter head can be selected in hard rock. Each cutter head mounting base 141 is provided with multiple cutter heads 142, arranged in multiple rows along the height direction of the cylinder 111. This improves the service life of the cutter heads 142 and increases the hole-reaming efficiency. In this embodiment, each cutter head mounting base 141 is provided with four cutter heads 142, arranged in two rows along the height direction of the cylinder 111, with two cutter heads 142 in each row.

[0047] like Figure 8 As shown, in another embodiment, a counterweight mounting seat 135 is provided on the base plate 131. The counterweight mounting seat 135 can be fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 131 by welding. The counterweight mounting seat 135 is used to install a counterweight (not shown). By reserving installation space for adding the counterweight on the base plate 131 and the counterweight mounting seat 135, during the hole reaming process, when the hydraulic cylinder 12 malfunctions and cannot drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inward and retract, the gravity of the counterweight, combined with the pressure relief of the hydraulic cylinder 12, can cause the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inward and retract, thereby ensuring that the hole reaming device 1 can be smoothly pulled out of the hole. This design can realize the automatic retraction of the hole reaming device 1 when the hydraulic cylinder 12 malfunctions, realizing a safe construction redundancy design and ensuring the safety of construction.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the drilling rig's reaming mechanism further includes a rotating component 2 and a hydraulic oil pipe 3. The rotating component 2 is used to be mounted on the power head 5 of the drilling machine. The rotating component 2 includes a power head connecting seat 21, a rotary joint 23, and a drum seat 25 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The power head connecting seat 21 is used to be fixedly connected to the power head 5 of the drilling machine. Specifically, the power head connecting seat 21 can be fixedly connected to the power head 5 via a pin. The rotating component 231 of the rotary joint 23 is fixedly connected to the power head connecting seat 21 and the drum seat 25 respectively. The power head connecting seat 21, the rotating component 231 of the rotary joint 23, and the drum seat 25 can rotate with the power head 5.

[0049] The oil pipe winding and unwinding device 26 is arranged on the reel seat 25 and is used for winding and unwinding the hydraulic oil pipe 3. One end of the hydraulic oil pipe 3 is arranged on the oil pipe winding and unwinding device 26 and is connected with the oil port on the swivel joint 23, so as to be connected with the hydraulic system of the drilling machine through the swivel joint 23. The other end of the hydraulic oil pipe 3 is connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder 12, and the hydraulic oil pipe 3 can rotate with the reel seat 25 and the reaming device 1. Since the hydraulic system of the drilling machine needs to be connected with the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 through two hydraulic oil pipes 3 respectively, so as to realize oil inlet and oil return, two oil pipe winding and unwinding devices 26 are arranged on the reel seat 25, so as to wind and unwind the two hydraulic oil pipes 3 respectively. Meanwhile, the control element (such as a hydraulic handle or a related hydraulic control valve, etc.) can be arranged in the cab of the drilling machine or other positions, and the control element is connected with the hydraulic system, so that the control element can realize the pressurization and pressure relief of the hydraulic system to the hydraulic oil cylinder 12, and then control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic oil cylinder 12.

[0050] Specifically, since the hydraulic system of the drilling machine is used to provide hydraulic power for the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 in the embodiment, the hydraulic system of the drilling machine needs to be connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 through the oil pipe. Since the reaming device 1 rotates during the drilling process, if the hydraulic oil pipe 3 is directly connected with the hydraulic system of the drilling machine, the reaming device 1 will cause the hydraulic oil pipe 3 to be entangled during the rotation. Therefore, the swivel member 2 is arranged in the embodiment, the swivel joint 23 is used to connect the hydraulic oil pipe 3 and the hydraulic system of the drilling machine, so that the hydraulic oil pipe 3 can rotate with the reaming device 1. Meanwhile, the oil pipe winding and unwinding device 26 is used to wind and unwind the hydraulic oil pipe 3, so that the hydraulic oil pipe 3 can be wound and unwound synchronously when the drill pipe 4 and the reaming device 1 move up and down.

[0051] Specifically, the rotary joint 23 is a sealing device that connects a rotating component to a fixed pipeline to achieve media transmission, and it is frequently used in engineering machinery. The rotary joint 23 includes a rotating component 231 and a stationary component 232 (i.e., a housing). The stationary component 232 is sleeved outside the rotating component 231, and the rotating component 231 can rotate relative to the stationary component 232. The stationary component 232 is used to fix a stationary part on the drilling machinery to provide counter-torque and prevent the stationary component 232 from rotating. The stationary component 232 is provided with a first oil port 234, and the rotating component 231 is provided with a second oil port (not shown). The first oil port 234 is used to connect to the hydraulic system of the drilling machinery (specifically, through an oil pipe), and the second oil port is connected to the hydraulic oil pipe 3. The stationary component 232 and the rotating component 231 are provided with interconnected hydraulic channels (not shown), which connect the first oil port 234 and the second oil port. Thus, during the rotation of the rotating component 231 of the rotary joint 23, the hydraulic system of the drilling machinery can always be connected to the hydraulic oil pipe 3 through the rotary joint 23. In this embodiment, a fixed support 233 is provided on the stationary part 232 of the rotary joint 23. The fixed support 233 is specifically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stationary part 232. The fixed support 233 is used to fixally connect to the stationary part of the power head 5 (i.e., the part of the power head 5 that will not rotate), thereby preventing the stationary part 232 of the rotary joint 23 from rotating. Of course, in other embodiments, the fixed support 233 can also be connected to other fixing components. For the specific structure and working principle of the rotary joint 23, please refer to the prior art, such as patents like CN216307044U, which will not be elaborated here.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the slewing component 2 further includes an upper slewing support 22 and a lower slewing support 24. The upper slewing support 22 is located between the power head connecting seat 21 and the slewing joint 23, and the rotating component 231 of the slewing joint 23 is fixedly connected to the power head connecting seat 21 through the upper slewing support 22. The lower slewing support 24 is located between the drum seat 25 and the slewing joint 23, and the rotating component 231 of the slewing joint 23 is fixedly connected to the drum seat 25 through the lower slewing support 24.

[0053] Specifically, the upper slewing bearing 22 and the lower slewing bearing 24 each include an inner ring and an outer ring (not shown in the figure), the outer ring of the upper slewing bearing 22 is fixedly connected with the static part 232 of the rotary joint 23, and the inner ring of the upper slewing bearing 22 is fixedly connected with the rotary part 231 of the rotary joint 23 and the power head connecting seat 21 respectively. The outer ring of the lower slewing bearing 24 is fixedly connected with the static part 232 of the rotary joint 23, and the inner ring of the lower slewing bearing 24 is fixedly connected with the rotary part 231 of the rotary joint 23 and the drum seat 25 respectively. When the power head 5 rotates, the power head connecting seat 21, the inner ring of the upper slewing bearing 22, the rotary part 231 of the rotary joint 23, the inner ring of the lower slewing bearing 24 and the drum seat 25 can be driven to rotate together, and the drill rod 4, the hydraulic oil pipe 3 and the reaming device 1 also rotate together.

[0054] Further, as shown in the figure, Figures 1 to 3 in the embodiment, the power head connecting seat 21, the upper slewing bearing 22, the rotary joint 23, the lower slewing bearing 24 and the drum seat 25 are all hollow structures, and the upper end of the drill rod 4 is drivingly connected with the power head 5 after passing through the rotary member 2. Therefore, the normal work of the drill rod 4 will not be affected after the rotary member 2 is arranged.

[0055] Further, as shown in the figure, Figures 1 to 3 in the embodiment, the drilling rig reaming mechanism further includes a hole detecting device (not shown in the figure) and a wireless transmitter (not shown in the figure), the hole detecting device is used to be lowered into the hole, and the hole detecting device is used to detect the hole diameter of the drill hole. Generally, the hole detecting device is an ultrasonic hole detecting device, which can detect the hole diameter of the drill hole by emitting and receiving ultrasonic waves. The wireless transmitter can send signals to wirelessly transmit the hole diameter value detected by the hole detecting device to the cab or other positions to realize the hole detecting function. The wireless transmitter is arranged on the drum seat 25, and the hole detecting device is arranged on the reaming device 1 (specifically, can be arranged on the bottom plate 131). Of course, in other embodiments, the hole detecting device can not be installed on the reaming device 1, but can be hung in the hole by a cable. The hole detecting device and the wireless transmitter are electrically connected through a cable (not shown in the figure). The drum seat 25 is provided with a cable winding and unwinding device 27, which is used to wind and unwind the cable; one end of the cable is wound on the cable winding and unwinding device 27 and is electrically connected with the wireless transmitter, and the other end of the cable is electrically connected with the hole detecting device to realize the electrical signal transmission between the hole detecting device and the wireless transmitter. Similar to the arrangement form of the above-mentioned hydraulic oil pipe 3, the cable can rotate synchronously with the drill rod 4 and the reaming device 1, and can realize winding and unwinding synchronously when the drill rod 4 and the reaming device 1 move up and down.

[0056] Specifically, in the embodiment, the tubing reel device 26 and the cable reel device 27 each include a driving motor, a reel and a cover, the hydraulic tubing 3 / cable is wound on the reel, the driving motor is connected with the reel, the driving motor is used to drive the reel to rotate, so as to realize the winding and unwinding of the hydraulic tubing 3 / cable; the cover covers the driving motor and the reel, so as to play a waterproof and dustproof and protection role. In order to realize the control of the driving motor, a wireless communication module (the wireless communication module and the wireless transmitter described above can be the same device) can also be arranged on the reel seat 25, the wireless communication module is electrically connected with the driving motor, the wireless communication module can remotely communicate with the controller in the cab, so as to control the operation of the driving motor. At the same time, a power supply can also be arranged on the reel seat 25, the power supply is used to supply power for the driving motor, the wireless transmitter and the wireless communication module.

[0057] Further, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 the embodiment, the reel seat 25 includes a connecting cylinder 251 and a mounting plate 252, the connecting cylinder 251 is a cylinder, the upper end of the connecting cylinder 251 is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the lower rotary support 24, and the lower end of the connecting cylinder 251 is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 252. The tubing reel device 26 and the cable reel device 27 are arranged on the mounting plate 252.

[0058] The embodiment of the present application also provides a drilling rig reaming method based on the drilling rig reaming mechanism. When the reaming operation is performed, as shown in Figure 7 the embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to perform one of the extending action or the retracting action (in the embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is retracted upward), so that the hinge assembly 13 drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outward to open, thereby increasing the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142, and finally making the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 greater than the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the base 11, that is, the cutter head 142 protrudes outward compared with the base 11; the power head 5 of the drilling machine drives the reaming device 1 to rotate through the drill rod 4, so as to perform the reaming operation; wherein the sequence of the two actions of the power head 5 driving the reaming device 1 to rotate and the hydraulic cylinder 12 extending and retracting can not be distinguished, that is, the power head 5 can first drive the reaming device 1 to rotate, and then the hydraulic cylinder 12 extends and retracts, or the hydraulic cylinder 12 can first extend and retract, and then the power head 5 drives the reaming device 1 to rotate, or the hydraulic cylinder 12 extends and retracts on one side, and the power head 5 drives the reaming device 1 to rotate on the other side; After the reaming operation is completed, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the control hydraulic cylinder 12 performs the other one of the extension action or the retraction action (the hydraulic cylinder 12 is extended downward in this embodiment), drives the hinge assembly 13 to rotate inwardly and retract the cutter head assembly 14, thereby reducing the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142, and finally making the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 less than or equal to the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the base 11, i.e. the cutter head 142 does not protrude outwardly compared with the base 11, so as to facilitate subsequent lifting of the reaming device 1 out of the hole.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application also provides a drilling machine comprising the drilling reaming mechanism as described above. The drilling machine includes but is not limited to a rotary drilling rig and the like.

[0060] In this embodiment, the working steps of the drilling reaming mechanism are as follows: Before work, the lower end of the drill rod 4 is connected with the drill rod connecting seat 112 of the reaming device 1, and the hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected with the hydraulic oil pipe 3. The control hydraulic cylinder 12 is extended downward to drive the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inwardly and retract, to reach the state as shown in Figure 6 Then the reaming device 1 is lowered to the working surface in the hole through the drill rod 4. During the reaming operation, the rotation of the power head 5 is started, the power head 5 drives the reaming device 1 to rotate through the drill rod 4, and at the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is gradually pressurized to retract upward, thereby driving the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate outwardly and open, the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head 142 gradually increases, i.e. reaches the state as shown in Figure 7 The cutter head 142 is in close contact with the rock wall by controlling the hydraulic pressure applied to the hydraulic cylinder 12, and the extrusion force between the cutter head 142 and the rock wall is avoided from being too large, so as to avoid damage of the cutter head 142 caused by brute force construction on the basis of ensuring the reaming efficiency.

[0061] After the reaming operation is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is depressurized to extend downward, drives the cutter head assembly 14 to rotate inwardly and retract, to reach the state as shown in Figure 6 Then the reaming device 1 is lifted out of the hole through the drill rod 4, the drill bit is replaced, and the reaming sediment is cleaned, and the whole reaming construction is completed.

[0062] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drilling rig reaming mechanism, characterized by, The application relates to a reamer device (1) which comprises a hollow base (11), a hydraulic cylinder (12) arranged in the base (11), a hinge assembly (13) and a cutter head assembly (14), the cutter head assembly (14) comprising a cutter head mounting seat (141) and a cutter head (142), the cutter head (142) being fixedly arranged on the cutter head mounting seat (141), and the cutter head mounting seat (141) being hingedly connected with the base (11); the first end of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is connected with the base (11), the second end of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is connected with the hinge assembly (13), and the hinge assembly (13) is hingedly connected with the cutter head mounting seat (141); when the hydraulic cylinder (12) is in an extension and retraction movement, the cutter head assembly (14) can be driven by the hinge assembly (13) to rotate outward and expand or rotate inward and retract.

2. The drilling rig reaming mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The base (11) comprises a hollow cylinder body (111) and a drill rod connecting seat (112), the drill rod connecting seat (112) is fixedly connected with the top of the cylinder body (111), and the drill rod connecting seat (112) is used for connecting a drill rod (4); the hydraulic cylinder (12) is arranged in the cylinder body (111), and the hinge assembly (13) and the cutter head assembly (14) are arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body (111), and the cutter head mounting seat (141) is hingedly connected with the bottom of the cylinder body (111).

3. The drilling rig reaming mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The base (11) further comprises a top plate (113) and a reinforcing plate (114), the top plate (113) is arranged in the cylinder body (111), and the top plate (113) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body (111); the hydraulic cylinder (12) is located below the top plate (113), and the first end of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is fixedly connected with the top plate (113); the drill rod connecting seat (112) is located above the top plate (113), and the drill rod connecting seat (112) is fixedly connected with the top plate (113); the reinforcing plate (114) is fixedly connected with the drill rod connecting seat (112), the top plate (113) and the inner wall of the cylinder body (111) respectively; and the top plate (113) and the reinforcing plate (114) are both provided with a mud hole (110).

4. The drilling rig reaming mechanism of claim 2, wherein, An opening (111A) is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the cylinder body (111), a wing plate (115) is arranged at the opening (111A), the wing plate (115) is fixedly connected with the cylinder body (111), and the wing plate (115) does not protrude from the outer surface of the cylinder body (111), and the cutter head mounting seat (141) is hingedly connected with the wing plate (115); And / or, an annular guide part (116) is fixedly arranged at the top of the cylinder body (111), and the guide part (116) is a structure with a gradually reduced outer diameter from bottom to top.

5. The drilling rig reaming mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The hinge assembly (13) comprises a bottom plate (131) and a connecting rod (132), the second end of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is connected with the bottom plate (131), one end of the connecting rod (132) is hinged with the bottom plate (131), and the other end of the connecting rod (132) is hinged with the tool bit mounting seat (141).

6. The drilling rig reaming mechanism of claim 5, wherein, The number of the tool bit assemblies (14) is multiple, multiple tool bit assemblies (14) are uniformly arranged around the periphery of the bottom plate (131), and the tool bit mounting seat (141) of each tool bit assembly (14) is hinged with the bottom plate (131) through the connecting rod (132); And / or, the first end of the tool bit mounting seat (141) is hinged with the base (11), the second end of the tool bit mounting seat (141) is hinged with the connecting rod (132), and the tool bit (142) is arranged at least at the second end of the tool bit mounting seat (141); And / or, the bottom plate (131) is provided with a counterweight mounting seat (135), and the counterweight mounting seat (135) is used for mounting a counterweight.

7. A drilling rig reaming mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein, The drilling machine reaming mechanism further comprises a rotary member (2) and a hydraulic oil pipe (3), the rotary member (2) comprises a power head connecting seat (21), a rotary joint (23) and a drum seat (25) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the power head connecting seat (21) is used for fixedly connecting with a power head (5) of a drilling machine, a rotating part (231) of the rotary joint (23) is fixedly connected with the power head connecting seat (21) and the drum seat (25) respectively, and the power head connecting seat (21), the rotating part (231) of the rotary joint (23) and the drum seat (25) can rotate with the power head (5); The drum seat (25) is provided with an oil pipe winding and unwinding device (26), one end of the hydraulic oil pipe (3) is wound on the oil pipe winding and unwinding device (26) and connected with an oil port on the rotary joint (23), so as to connect a hydraulic system of the drilling machine through the rotary joint (23); the other end of the hydraulic oil pipe (3) is connected with the hydraulic cylinder (12).

8. The drilling rig reaming mechanism of claim 7, wherein, The rotary member (2) further comprises an upper rotary bearing (22) and a lower rotary bearing (24), the upper rotary bearing (22) is located between the power head connecting seat (21) and the rotary joint (23), and the rotating part (231) of the rotary joint (23) is fixedly connected with the power head connecting seat (21) through the upper rotary bearing (22); the lower rotary bearing (24) is located between the drum seat (25) and the rotary joint (23), and the rotating part (231) of the rotary joint (23) is fixedly connected with the drum seat (25) through the lower rotary bearing (24); And / or, a fixed support (233) is arranged on a stationary part (232) of the rotary joint (23), and the fixed support (233) is used for fixedly connecting with a stationary part of the power head (5). And / or, the drilling reaming mechanism further comprises a hole-detecting device for detecting the hole diameter of the drilling hole, and a wireless transmitter arranged on the drum seat (25), and the hole-detecting device and the wireless transmitter are electrically connected through a cable; the drum seat (25) is provided with a cable winding and unwinding device (27), one end of the cable is wound on the cable winding and unwinding device (27) and electrically connected with the wireless transmitter, and the other end of the cable is electrically connected with the hole-detecting device.

9. A method of reaming with a drill reamer according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The drilling reaming method comprises: When the reaming operation is performed, one of the extension action and the retraction action of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is controlled to make the hinge assembly (13) drive the cutter head assembly (14) to rotate outward to expand, thereby increasing the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head (142); the power head (5) of the drilling machine drives the reaming device (1) to rotate through the drill rod (4) to perform the reaming operation; After the reaming operation is completed, the other of the extension action and the retraction action of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is controlled to make the hinge assembly (13) drive the cutter head assembly (14) to rotate inward to retract, thereby reducing the rotating circumferential outer diameter of the cutter head (142).

10. A boring machine characterized by The drilling reaming mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1-8. The drilling reaming method as claimed in any one of claims 9-17.

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