Photovoltaic direct drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump system accessories, in particular to a photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery, which comprises a shell, a waste heat exchanger and a circulating pump are mounted on the inner side of the shell, two groups of photovoltaic modules are mounted on the outer side of the shell, and metal heat collecting pieces are mounted at the bottoms of the photovoltaic modules through bolts. The bottom of the metal heat collection sheet is provided with an integrally-formed heat conduction protrusion, and the bottom of the photovoltaic module is fixedly connected with a sealing shell. The invention provides a photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery, which is provided with a metal heat collecting sheet, a heat conducting bulge and a circulating system, can collect waste heat generated when a photovoltaic module works, preheats a working medium at an inlet of an evaporator of a heat pump system through a waste heat exchanger, and adopts a double-layer structure and a protective flow channel of a glass module. The photovoltaic module protection device can only provide physical protection for the photovoltaic module, and can prevent the surface of the photovoltaic module from icing through circulation of a heat transfer working medium or auxiliary heating of a heating wire in a low-temperature environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat pump system accessories, in particular to a photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery. BACKGROUND

[0002] As we all know, the heat pump system is a kind of energy device that can efficiently utilize low-grade heat energy, which can transfer heat from low-temperature environment to high-temperature environment by consuming a small amount of electric energy or mechanical energy, so as to realize functions such as heating, hot water supply or refrigeration, etc. In the current situation of energy shortage and environmental problems becoming increasingly serious, the efficient use of energy and the development of renewable energy have become the key.

[0003] The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump system can utilize solar energy for heating, which is clean and renewable, but in the process of operation, a large amount of waste heat will be generated by the photovoltaic panel, which not only affects the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, but also causes waste of energy. At the same time, in many industrial production, agricultural breeding and domestic hot water supply scenes, it is necessary to preheat cold water or cold air, and the traditional preheating method often consumes a large amount of conventional energy. Based on the above-mentioned problems, we find that the existing photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump system has a large expansion space in functionality, so we recycle the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel to assist the system preheating, improve the energy utilization efficiency, and at the same time, the waste heat can be reused to protect the equipment in a certain environment. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery, which has the advantages of recycling the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel to assist the system preheating, improving the energy utilization efficiency, and at the same time, the waste heat can be reused to protect the equipment in a certain environment.

[0005] The above technical purpose of the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery, comprising an outer shell, a waste heat exchanger and a circulating pump are installed on the inner side of the outer shell, two groups of photovoltaic assemblies are installed on the outer side of the outer shell, a metal heat collecting fin is installed on the bottom of the photovoltaic assembly through bolts, a heat-conducting protrusion is integrally formed on the bottom of the metal heat collecting fin, a sealing shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic assembly, the sealing shell is arranged on the outer side of the metal heat collecting fin, a glass assembly is arranged on the top of the photovoltaic assembly, a first working medium pipe and a second working medium pipe are installed on the outer side of the sealing shell, and a protection shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic assembly, the protection shell is arranged on the outer side of the sealing shell. The first working medium pipe is fixedly connected with the input end of a circulating pump through a hose, the output end of the circulating pump is connected with the low-temperature side input end flow channel of the waste heat exchanger, the high-temperature side flow channel of the waste heat exchanger is fixedly connected with a preheating pipe, the preheating pipe is connected with the evaporator inlet of the heat pump system, and the output end flow channel of the low-temperature side of the waste heat exchanger is connected with the second working medium pipe through a hose.

[0006] The above technical scheme is adopted, the internal heat exchange circulating device is arranged on the shell, and the photovoltaic module is arranged, the glass module at the top of the photovoltaic module is used for protecting the structure of the photovoltaic module, the metal heat collecting piece absorbs waste heat generated by the photovoltaic module through heat conduction, the metal heat collecting piece and the sealing shell form a flow channel of heat transfer medium, the heat transfer medium increases the contact area with the metal heat collecting piece through the heat conduction protrusion and carries away the surface heat, and the first working medium pipe is connected with the inlet of the circulating pump, the outlet of the circulating pump is connected with the low-temperature side flow channel of the waste heat exchanger, the heat transfer medium carrying waste heat of the photovoltaic panel is introduced, the high-temperature heat transfer medium absorbing waste heat of the photovoltaic panel is led out from the metal heat collecting piece, the waste heat exchanger is connected with the evaporator inlet of the heat pump system through the preheating pipe, and the required heat for preheating is provided, so that a complete heat transfer path is formed, and the outlet of the low-temperature side of the waste heat exchanger is connected with the liquid inlet position of the sealing shell through the second working medium pipe, so that the low-temperature heat transfer medium is transported to the heat collector inside to continuously circulate.

[0007] The output end of the circulating pump is fixedly connected with a switching tee valve, the top of the switching tee valve is fixedly connected with the low-temperature side input end of the waste heat exchanger, the output end flow channel of the low-temperature side of the waste heat exchanger is fixedly connected with a backflow tee valve, and the bottom of the backflow tee valve is fixedly connected with the second working medium pipe through a hose.

[0008] The above technical scheme is adopted, the switching tee valve and the backflow tee valve are arranged, the circulating pump, the waste heat exchanger and the sealing shell are connected, and the heat transfer medium is led out through switching.

[0009] The glass assembly comprises a top photovoltaic glass and a bottom photovoltaic glass, the top of the bottom photovoltaic glass is fixedly connected with a protection flow channel, both ends of the protection flow channel are annular, a flow-through hole is arranged in the position of the top photovoltaic glass relative to the protection flow channel, the inner side of the protection flow channel is hollow, and the inner wall of the protection flow channel is provided with a heating wire.

[0010] The technical scheme is adopted, the double-layer interlayer is formed by the top photovoltaic glass and the bottom photovoltaic glass, the protection flow channel is arranged to have a certain space between the top photovoltaic glass and the bottom photovoltaic glass, and the heat-conducting working medium can flow in the space; the protection flow channel has a narrow width, so that the light of the direct photovoltaic module is not excessively shielded; when the ambient temperature is low, the photovoltaic panel surface is easy to freeze, which not only affects the absorption of light, but also may cause damage to the photovoltaic panel due to the expansion of ice; the heat-conducting working medium with a certain heat is transported to the protection flow channel through the pipeline, and the heat-conducting working medium is heated under the heat conduction of the heat-conducting working medium, so that the heat is transmitted to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel is maintained above the freezing point; when the ice layer is formed and the ambient temperature is low, the photovoltaic panel can work, but the performance is significantly affected; at the same time, a small amount of waste heat can be collected; due to the decrease of power generation, the waste heat generated in the process of photoelectric conversion of the photovoltaic panel is also reduced; the ice layer reflects and scatters sunlight, reduces the effective light reaching the photovoltaic panel, and causes the power generation to decrease; although the total amount of waste heat is reduced, the small amount of waste heat collected can still provide heat for the edges and surface of the photovoltaic panel through the heating belt or the coil when the ambient temperature is slightly lower than the freezing point, so as to delay the formation of the ice layer or melt the thin ice, and the basic working conditions of the photovoltaic panel can be maintained to a certain extent to protect the photovoltaic panel.

[0011] The application further provides that the inner sides of the two flow-through holes are fixedly connected with a heat flow pipeline and a return flow pipeline respectively, one side of the heat flow pipeline close to the switching three-way valve is fixedly connected with the switching three-way valve, and one side of the return flow pipeline close to the return flow three-way valve is fixedly connected with the return flow three-way valve.

[0012] The technical scheme is adopted, the double-layer interlayer is formed by the top photovoltaic glass and the bottom photovoltaic glass, the protection flow channel is arranged to have a certain space between the top photovoltaic glass and the bottom photovoltaic glass, and the heat-conducting working medium can flow in the space; the protection flow channel has a narrow width, so that the light of the direct photovoltaic module is not excessively shielded; when the ambient temperature is low, the photovoltaic panel surface is easy to freeze, which not only affects the absorption of light, but also may cause damage to the photovoltaic panel due to the expansion of ice; the heat-conducting working medium with a certain heat is transported to the protection flow channel through the pipeline, and the heat-conducting working medium is heated under the heat conduction of the heat-conducting working medium, so that the heat is transmitted to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel is maintained above the freezing point; when the ice layer is formed and the ambient temperature is low, the photovoltaic panel can work, but the performance is significantly affected; at the same time, a small amount of waste heat can be collected; due to the decrease of power generation, the waste heat generated in the process of photoelectric conversion of the photovoltaic panel is also reduced; the ice layer reflects and scatters sunlight, reduces the effective light reaching the photovoltaic panel, and causes the power generation to decrease; although the total amount of waste heat is reduced, the small amount of waste heat collected can still provide heat for the edges and surface of the photovoltaic panel through the heating belt or the coil when the ambient temperature is slightly lower than the freezing point, so as to delay the formation of the ice layer or melt the thin ice, and the basic working conditions of the photovoltaic panel can be maintained to a certain extent to protect the photovoltaic panel.

[0013] The application further provides that the inner sides of the two flow-through holes are fixedly connected with a heat flow pipeline and a return flow pipeline respectively, one side of the heat flow pipeline close to the switching three-way valve is fixedly connected with the switching three-way valve, and one side of the return flow pipeline close to the return flow three-way valve is fixedly connected with the return flow three-way valve.

[0014] The technical scheme is adopted, the plug-in frame is arranged, the glass assembly can be quickly mounted and dismounted during maintenance and repair, the outer sealing edge can be directly inserted into the plug-in frame or drawn out based on the fixing of the top photovoltaic glass and the bottom photovoltaic glass.

[0015] The photovoltaic assembly is further provided with a short seat fixedly connected to the top, a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the inner side of the short seat, and a connecting card rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting shaft.

[0016] The technical scheme is adopted, the short seat is arranged in cooperation with the connecting shaft, the connecting card is mounted, and the connecting card can be rotated along the connecting shaft to open or close the plug-in frame, so that the glass assembly can be taken out or placed.

[0017] The connecting shaft is further provided with two torsional springs on the outer side, the two ends of the torsional springs are fixedly connected to the connecting card and the short seat respectively, and the inner side of the connecting card is fixedly connected to a sealing gasket.

[0018] The technical scheme is adopted, the torsional spring is arranged, the connecting card can be kept from sliding out from the inner side of the plug-in frame, the connecting card is rotated when the glass assembly is taken out by the personnel, the torsional spring is deformed and stores energy at this time, and the connecting card is driven to reset when the personnel stop operating the connecting card.

[0019] The front side of the outer shell is further provided with a maintenance door rotatably connected to the left side, a buckle and a hook are respectively arranged on the front side of the maintenance door and the front side of the outer shell, and the buckle and the hook are connected.

[0020] The technical scheme is adopted, the maintenance door is arranged, the outer shell can be opened to operate the internal structure, the buckle and the hook are arranged in cooperation, the maintenance door can be locked when the maintenance door is closed or unlocked when the maintenance door is opened.

[0021] The outer side of the outer shell is further provided with an adjusting telescopic cylinder rotatably connected to the outer side, the telescopic end of the adjusting telescopic cylinder is rotatably connected to the protective shell, and the outer side of the outer shell is rotatably connected to the protective shell.

[0022] The technical scheme is adopted, the adjusting telescopic cylinder is arranged, the angle of the photovoltaic assembly can be adjusted to control the photovoltaic assembly to be in a position suitable for light, the protective shell is pushed or pulled to rotate along the top of the outer side of the outer shell when the adjusting telescopic cylinder is elongated or shortened, and the angle of the photovoltaic assembly connected to the protective shell is adjusted.

[0023] The photovoltaic module comprises a frame, a back plate and a photovoltaic wafer, the bottom of the shell is fixedly connected with a mounting leg, and the top of the shell is provided with a top cover which is connected with the shell through a support and is provided with a gap.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, the mounting leg is arranged to mount the structure and lift the structure to a height convenient for use, the top cover is arranged to shield and protect the top of the shell, and the gap can facilitate the ventilation efficiency and avoid excessive heat accumulation of the internal equipment during operation.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery has the following beneficial effects: The internal heat exchange circulating equipment is mounted in the shell, and the photovoltaic module is mounted, the glass assembly on the top of the photovoltaic module is used to protect the structure of the photovoltaic module with little influence on the normal work of the photovoltaic module, the metal heat collecting fin absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic module through heat conduction, the metal heat collecting fin and the sealed shell form a flow space of heat transfer working medium, the heat transfer working medium increases the contact area with the metal heat collecting fin through the heat conduction protrusion and carries away the surface heat, and the first working medium pipe is connected with the inlet of the circulating pump, the outlet of the circulating pump is connected with the low-temperature side flow channel of the waste heat heat exchanger, the heat transfer working medium carrying the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel is introduced, the high-temperature heat transfer working medium absorbing the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel is led out from the metal heat collecting fin, the waste heat heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump system through the preheating pipe, and the heat required for preheating is provided, so that a complete heat transfer path is formed, and the outlet of the low-temperature side of the waste heat heat exchanger is connected with the liquid inlet position of the sealed shell through the second working medium pipe, so as to continuously circulate the low-temperature heat transfer working medium to the heat collector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the structure in the application; Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the internal structure of the subject structure in the application; Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the structure of the glass assembly in the application; Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the structure of the photovoltaic module in the application; Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the bottom of the photovoltaic module in the application; Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the structure of the metal heat collecting fin in the application; Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the structure of the glass assembly in the application; Figure 8 It is a schematic view of the rear part of the main structure in the application; Figure 9 For the invention Figure 4 A local enlarged view at B in the invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1, the shell; 2, the waste heat exchanger; 3, the circulating pump; 4, the photovoltaic assembly; 5, the metal heat collecting sheet; 6, the heat-conducting protrusion; 7, the sealing shell; 8, the glass assembly; 81, the top photovoltaic glass; 82, the bottom photovoltaic glass; 83, the protection flow channel; 84, the flow-through hole; 9, the first working medium pipe; 10, the second working medium pipe; 11, the preheating pipe; 12, the protection shell; 13, the switching tee valve; 14, the backflow tee valve; 15, the hot stream pipeline; 16, the backflow pipeline; 17, the outer sealing edge; 18, the short seat; 19, the connecting shaft; 20, the connecting clamp; 21, the torsional spring; 22, the maintenance door; 23, the adjusting telescopic cylinder; 24, the mounting leg; 25, the plug-in frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0029] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1-8 A photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery, comprising a shell 1, a waste heat exchanger 2 and a circulating pump 3 are installed on the inner side of the shell 1, two groups of photovoltaic assemblies 4 are installed on the outer side of the shell 1, a metal heat collecting sheet 5 is installed on the bottom of the photovoltaic assembly 4 through bolts, an integrally formed heat-conducting protrusion 6 is arranged at the bottom of the metal heat collecting sheet 5, a sealing shell 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic assembly 4, the sealing shell 7 is arranged on the outer side of the metal heat collecting sheet 5, a glass assembly 8 is arranged on the top of the photovoltaic assembly 4, a first working medium pipe 9 and a second working medium pipe 10 are installed on the outer side of the sealing shell 7, and a protection shell 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic assembly 4, the protection shell 12 is arranged on the outer side of the sealing shell 7. The first working medium pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the input end of the circulating pump 3 through a hose, the output end of the circulating pump 3 is connected to the low-temperature side input end flow channel of the waste heat exchanger 2, the high-temperature side flow channel of the waste heat exchanger 2 is fixedly connected with a preheating pipe 11, the preheating pipe 11 is connected to the evaporator inlet of a heat pump system, and the output end flow channel of the low-temperature side of the waste heat exchanger 2 is connected to the second working medium pipe 10 through a hose. The internal heat exchange circulating device is installed by setting the shell 1, and the photovoltaic assembly 4 is installed, the glass assembly 8 at the top of the photovoltaic assembly 4 is used to protect the structure of the photovoltaic assembly 4 on the basis of ensuring that the normal work of the photovoltaic assembly 4 is less affected, the metal heat collecting fin 5 will absorb the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic assembly 4 through heat conduction, the metal heat collecting fin 5 and the sealed shell 7 form the flow space of the heat transfer working medium, and the heat conducting working medium increases the contact area with the metal heat collecting fin 5 which absorbs waste heat and carries away the surface heat through the heat conducting convex 6, and is connected with the inlet of the circulating pump 3 through the first working medium pipe 9, the outlet of the circulating pump 3 is connected with the low temperature side flow channel of the waste heat heat exchanger 2, so as to input the heat transfer working medium carrying the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel, the high temperature heat transfer working medium absorbing the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel is led out from the metal heat collecting fin 5, the waste heat heat exchanger 2 is connected with the evaporator inlet of the heat pump system through the preheating pipe 11, and provides the heat required for preheating, forms a complete heat transfer path, and the outlet of the low temperature side of the waste heat heat exchanger 2 is connected with the liquid inlet position of the sealed shell 7 through the second working medium pipe 10, which is used to transport the low temperature heat transfer working medium to the heat collector inside to continue circulating.

[0030] The output end of the circulating pump 3 is fixedly connected with a switching three-way valve 13, the top of the switching three-way valve 13 is fixedly connected with the low-temperature side input end of the waste heat exchanger 2, the output end flow channel of the low-temperature side of the waste heat exchanger 2 is fixedly connected with a backflow three-way valve 14, the bottom of the backflow three-way valve 14 is fixedly connected with the second working medium pipe 10 through a hose, by arranging the switching three-way valve 13 and the backflow three-way valve 14, the connection between the circulating pump 3, the waste heat exchanger 2 and the sealed shell 7 is realized, and the heat transfer working medium is conveniently discharged by switching, the left side of the front side of the shell 1 is rotatably connected with a maintenance door 22, the front side of the maintenance door 22 and the front side of the shell 1 are respectively provided with a buckle and a clasp, the buckle and the clasp are clamped, by arranging the maintenance door 22, the shell 1 can be conveniently opened to operate the internal structure, the buckle and the clasp are arranged in cooperation, the maintenance door 22 can be conveniently locked when being closed or unlocked when being opened, the adjusting telescopic cylinder 23 is further arranged on the outside of the shell 1, the telescopic end of the adjusting telescopic cylinder 23 is rotatably connected with the protective shell 12, the outside of the shell 1 is rotatably connected with the protective shell 12, by arranging the adjusting telescopic cylinder 23, the angle of the photovoltaic module 4 can be conveniently adjusted, so that the photovoltaic module 4 is controlled to be in a position convenient for light, when the adjusting telescopic cylinder 23 is lengthened or shortened, the protective shell 12 is pushed or pulled to rotate along the top of the outside of the shell 1, so that the angle of the photovoltaic module 4 connected with the protective shell 12 is adjusted, the photovoltaic module 4 further comprises a frame, a back plate and a photovoltaic wafer, the bottom of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a mounting leg 24, the top of the shell 1 is provided with a top cover, the top cover and the shell 1 are connected through a support and are provided with a gap, the mounting leg 24 is arranged to mount the structure and lift it to a height convenient for use, the top cover is arranged to shield the top of the shell 1, and the gap can conveniently improve the ventilation efficiency and avoid excessive heat accumulation of the internal equipment during operation.

[0031] The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the shell 1 bears the core components such as the waste heat exchanger 2 and the circulating pump 3, the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic module 4 during operation is absorbed by the metal heat collecting sheet 5 at the bottom, the heat conducting protrusion 6 at the bottom of the metal heat collecting sheet 5 increases the contact area with the heat transfer medium in the sealed shell 7, efficiently takes away the heat, the heat transfer medium enters the circulating pump 3 through the first working medium pipe 9, and is driven by the circulating pump 3 to enter the low-temperature side flow channel of the waste heat exchanger 2 through the switching three-way valve 13, the high-temperature side flow channel of the waste heat exchanger 2 is connected with the evaporator inlet of the heat pump system through the preheating pipe 11, the heat pump working medium is preheated by the recovered photovoltaic waste heat, after the heat transfer, the heat transfer medium at the low-temperature side returns to the sealed shell 7 through the backflow three-way valve 14 and the second working medium pipe 10, forming a continuous waste heat recovery and preheating cycle, the switching three-way valve 13 and the backflow three-way valve 14 can change the flow direction of the heat transfer medium, realize the conversion of different working modes, the adjusting telescopic cylinder 23 outside the shell 1 is telescoped to push the protective shell 12 to drive the photovoltaic module 4 to rotate, adjust the angle to facilitate receiving light, and improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency, the mounting leg 24 at the bottom of the shell 1 lifts the device to an appropriate height to avoid the influence of the ground environment, the top cover at the top of the shell 1 is connected with the shell 1 through the support and leaves a gap, improves the ventilation efficiency, prevents the heat accumulation of the internal equipment, the maintenance door 22 at the front side of the shell 1 is conveniently opened and closed through the buckle and the hook, facilitates the staff to overhaul, maintain or replace the internal components, and guarantees the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0032] Embodiment 2: reference Figures 1-9The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery further comprises a glass assembly 8, wherein the glass assembly 8 comprises a top photovoltaic glass 81 and a bottom photovoltaic glass 82, the top of the bottom photovoltaic glass 82 is fixedly connected with a protective flow channel 83, both ends of the protective flow channel 83 are annular, the top photovoltaic glass 81 is provided with a flow hole 84 relative to the position of the protective flow channel 83, the inner side of the protective flow channel 83 is hollow, the inner wall of the protective flow channel 83 is provided with a heating wire, the top photovoltaic glass 81 and the bottom photovoltaic glass 82 form a double-layer sandwich, and the protective flow channel 83 has a certain space between the top photovoltaic glass 82 and the bottom photovoltaic glass 82, which can be used for the flow of the heat-conducting working medium, and since the width of the protective flow channel 83 is relatively narrow, the light of the direct photovoltaic assembly 4 is not excessively shielded, when the ambient temperature is relatively low, the surface of the photovoltaic panel is easy to freeze, which not only affects the absorption of light, but also may cause damage to the photovoltaic panel due to ice expansion, the heat-conducting working medium with a certain amount of heat is transported to the protective flow channel 83 through a pipeline, which can be heated under the heat conduction of the heat-conducting working medium, and the heat is transferred to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, so that the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel is maintained above the freezing point, when the ice layer and the external environment temperature are low, the photovoltaic panel can work but the performance will be significantly affected, and a small amount of waste heat can still be collected, since the power generation capacity is reduced, the waste heat generated in the process of photoelectric conversion of the photovoltaic panel also decreases accordingly, the ice layer reflects and scatters sunlight, reduces the effective light reaching the photovoltaic panel, and causes the power generation capacity to decrease, although the total amount of waste heat decreases, when the ambient temperature is slightly lower than the freezing point, the small amount of waste heat collected can still provide heat for the edges and surface of the photovoltaic panel through the heating belt or the coil, delay the formation of the ice layer or melt the thin ice, and can maintain the basic working conditions of the photovoltaic panel to a certain extent to protect the photovoltaic panel.

[0033] Two flow holes 84 are fixedly connected with the hot flow pipeline 15 and the return flow pipeline 16 on the inner side respectively, the hot flow pipeline 15 is fixedly connected with the switching three-way valve 13 on the side close to the switching three-way valve 13, the return flow pipeline 16 is fixedly connected with the return flow three-way valve 14 on the side close to the return flow three-way valve 14, by setting the hot flow pipeline 15 and the return flow pipeline 16, when the heat pump system does not need to be preheated or needs to protect the photovoltaic module 4 from heat, the switching three-way valve 13 and the return flow three-way valve 14 can be switched to change the flow direction of the heat transfer medium, the circulating pump 3 will directly introduce the heat transfer medium with waste heat into the hot flow pipeline 15 after receiving it, and input it between the glass modules 8 to protect the photovoltaic module 4 from overheating, and after flowing along the protection flow channel 83, it is directly introduced into the return flow three-way valve 14 through the return flow pipeline 16 to be introduced into the second working medium pipeline 10 again to participate in the cycle of waste heat absorption, and when the temperature is too low to normally protect the photovoltaic module 4, the power supply can be switched to appropriately assist heating through the heating wire in the protection flow channel 83, the top of the photovoltaic module 4 is fixedly connected with the plug-in frame 25, the outer side of the top photovoltaic glass 81 is fixedly connected with the outer sealing edge 17, the bottom of the bottom photovoltaic glass 82 is fixedly connected with the outer sealing edge 17, the inner side of the plug-in frame 25 is plugged with the outer sealing edge 17, by setting the plug-in frame 25, the glass module 8 can be quickly assembled and disassembled during maintenance and repair, the outer sealing edge 17 can be directly inserted into the plug-in frame 25 or pulled out on the basis of fixing the top photovoltaic glass 81 and the bottom photovoltaic glass 82, the top of the photovoltaic module 4 is fixedly connected with the short seat 18, the inner side of the short seat 18 is rotatably connected with the connecting shaft 19, the outer side of the connecting shaft 19 is rotatably connected with the connecting card 20, by setting the short seat 18 cooperating with the connecting shaft 19, the connecting card 20 is installed, and the connecting card 20 can rotate along the connecting shaft 19 to open or close the plug-in frame 25, which can facilitate the taking and placing of the glass module 8, the outer side of the connecting shaft 19 is sleeved with two torsional springs 21, the two ends of the torsional spring 21 are fixedly connected with the connecting card 20 and the short seat 18 respectively, the inner side of the connecting card 20 is fixedly connected with a sealing gasket, by setting the torsional spring 21, the connecting card 20 can always be blocked so that the glass module 8 will not slide out of the inner side of the plug-in frame 25, when the connecting card 20 is rotated during the operation of taking out the glass module 8, the torsional spring 21 is deformed and stores energy, and when the person stops the action of the connecting card 20, it is driven to reset.

[0034] Working principle of this embodiment: The glass assembly 8 consists of a double-layer sandwich structure composed of a top photovoltaic glass 81 and a bottom photovoltaic glass 82. The protective flow channel 83 at the top of the bottom photovoltaic glass 82 is hollow, with heating wires on the inner wall and annular ends, which reduces light shading of the photovoltaic assembly 4 and forms a flow channel for the heat transfer medium. The flow holes 84 of the top photovoltaic glass 81 are connected to the heat flow pipe 15 and the return pipe 16 respectively. Through linkage with the switching three-way valve 13 and the return three-way valve 14, the directional delivery of the heat transfer medium is realized. In terms of anti-icing protection, when the ambient temperature is low or preheating of the heat pump system is not required, the flow channel is changed by switching the three-way valve 13 and the return three-way valve 14, and the heat transfer medium driven by the circulating pump 3 enters the protective flow channel through the heat flow pipe 15. The protective channel 83 utilizes waste heat to heat the surface of the photovoltaic module 4, maintaining the temperature above freezing point, delaying ice formation or melting thin ice. Even in the frozen state, a small amount of recovered waste heat can still provide heat to the edges and surface of the photovoltaic panel through this path, ensuring basic working conditions. In extreme low temperatures, the heating wire in the protective channel 83 can switch to electric power for auxiliary heating, further enhancing protection. In terms of structural design, the plug-in frame 25 on the top of the photovoltaic module 4 and the outer sealing edge 17 of the glass module 8 form a plug-in fit. With the help of the short seat 18, connecting shaft 19 and connecting card 20, quick installation and removal are achieved. The connecting card 20 is always locked under the action of the torsion spring 21 to prevent the glass module from slipping. During operation, the glass module can be pulled out or inserted by rotating the connecting card 20, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0035] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step after reading this specification. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: The inner side of the shell (1) is provided with a waste heat exchanger (2) and a circulating pump (3), the outer side of the shell (1) is provided with two groups of photovoltaic components (4), the bottom of the photovoltaic component (4) is provided with a metal heat collecting fin (5) through bolt installation, the bottom of the metal heat collecting fin (5) is provided with an integrally formed heat conducting protrusion (6), the bottom of the photovoltaic component (4) is fixedly connected with a sealed shell (7), the sealed shell (7) is arranged on the outer side of the metal heat collecting fin (5), the top of the photovoltaic component (4) is provided with a glass component (8), the outer side of the sealed shell (7) is provided with a first working medium pipe (9) and a second working medium pipe (10), the bottom of the photovoltaic component (4) is fixedly connected with a protection shell (12), and the protection shell (12) is arranged on the outer side of the sealed shell (7). The first working medium pipe (9) is fixedly connected with the input end of the circulating pump (3) through a hose, the output end of the circulating pump (3) is connected with the low-temperature side input end flow channel of the waste heat exchanger (2), the high-temperature side flow channel of the waste heat exchanger (2) is fixedly connected with a preheating pipe (11), the preheating pipe (11) is connected with the evaporator inlet of a heat pump system, and the output end flow channel of the low-temperature side of the waste heat exchanger (2) is connected with the second working medium pipe (10) through a hose.

2. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the circulating pump (3) is fixedly connected with a switching three-way valve (13), the top of the switching three-way valve (13) is fixedly connected with the low-temperature side input end of the waste heat exchanger (2), and the output end flow channel of the low-temperature side of the waste heat exchanger (2) is fixedly connected with a backflow three-way valve (14). The bottom of the backflow three-way valve (14) is fixedly connected with the second working medium pipe (10) through a hose.

3. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The glass component (8) comprises a top photovoltaic glass (81) and a bottom photovoltaic glass (82), the top of the bottom photovoltaic glass (82) is fixedly connected with a protection flow channel (83), both ends of the protection flow channel (83) are annular, the top photovoltaic glass (81) is provided with a flow-through hole (84) relative to the position of the protection flow channel (83), the inner side of the protection flow channel (83) is hollow, and the inner wall of the protection flow channel (83) is provided with a heating wire.

4. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner sides of the two flow-through holes (84) are respectively fixedly connected with a heat flow pipe (15) and a backflow pipe (16), one side of the heat flow pipe (15) close to the switching three-way valve (13) is fixedly connected with the switching three-way valve (13), and one side of the backflow pipe (16) close to the backflow three-way valve (14) is fixedly connected with the backflow three-way valve (14).

5. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the photovoltaic component (4) is fixedly connected with a plug-in frame (25), the outer side of the top photovoltaic glass (81) is fixedly connected with an outer sealing edge (17), the bottom of the bottom photovoltaic glass (82) is fixedly connected with the outer sealing edge (17), and the inner side of the plug-in frame (25) is plugged with the outer sealing edge (17).

6. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the photovoltaic component (4) is fixedly connected with a short seat (18), the inner side of the short seat (18) is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft (19), and the outer side of the connecting shaft (19) is rotatably connected with a connecting card (20).

7. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer side of the connecting shaft (19) is sleeved with two torsional springs (21), the two ends of the torsional springs (21) are fixedly connected with a connecting card (20) and a short seat (18) respectively, and the inner side of the connecting card (20) is fixedly connected with a sealing gasket.

8. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side of the front side of the shell (1) is rotatably connected with a maintenance door (22), the front side of the maintenance door (22) and the front side of the shell (1) are respectively provided with a buckle and a clasp hook, and the buckle and the clasp hook are clamped.

9. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the shell (1) is rotatably connected with an adjusting telescopic cylinder (23), the telescopic end of the adjusting telescopic cylinder (23) is rotatably connected with a protective shell (12), and the outer side of the shell (1) is rotatably connected with the protective shell (12).

10. The photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump preheating device based on waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly (4) comprises a frame, a back plate and a photovoltaic wafer, the bottom of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a mounting leg (24), the top of the shell (1) is provided with a top cover, the top cover and the shell (1) are connected through a support and are provided with a gap.

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