Rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis materials, and belongs to the technical field of waste lithium battery recycling. The rotary furnace for recycling the waste lithium battery pyrolysis material comprises an inner furnace tube, an inner cooling tube, a separator and a joint, the inner cooling pipe is arranged in the inner furnace pipe; one end of the separator is connected with the inner wall of the inner furnace tube, the other end of the separator is connected with the outer wall of the inner cooling tube, and the separator is used for dividing the space between the inner furnace tube and the inner cooling tube into at least two cooling cavities. Due to the design of the multiple cooling cavities, the contact area of materials and cooling faces is increased, multi-face synchronous cooling is achieved, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste lithium battery recycling, in particular to a rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the lithium battery recycling pretreatment process, a rotary furnace is usually used to pyrolyze the torn lithium battery, and the pyrolysis temperature is about 400-500℃, and the temperature of the pyrolyzed material is about 400℃. The temperature is too high and is dangerous. Before entering the subsequent crushing and sorting process, the material needs to be cooled to below 70℃.

[0003] At present, the industry usually uses a rotary furnace to cool the pyrolysis material, and the disclosed rotary furnace cooling methods for cooling the material mainly include the following:

[0004] 1. Furnace tube outer wall spray cooling method

[0005] For example, a spray type carbon cooling machine disclosed in patent CN201920682077.X: a spray pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace tube of the rotary furnace, the spray pipe sprays cooling water to the outer wall of the furnace tube, the cooling water cools the furnace tube, and the cooled furnace tube wall cools the material in the furnace tube. The cooling water flowing down the outer wall of the furnace tube is collected at the bottom of the rotary furnace and returned to the circulating cooling water pool. For the furnace tube outer wall spray cooling method, the material in the furnace tube mainly relies on heat conduction between the material and the inner surface of the furnace tube to cool down. The material needs to have enough residence time in the furnace tube to be fully cooled, resulting in low cooling efficiency.

[0006] 2. Furnace tube outer wall jacket cooling method

[0007] For example, a waste lithium battery pyrolysis cooling device disclosed in patent CN201921279147.3: a cooling jacket is added to the outer wall of the furnace tube of the rotary furnace cooling section, and an inlet water rotary joint and a return water rotary joint are arranged on the cooling jacket. The rotary joints are in communication with the circulating water pool, and the cooling water flowing through the jacket is used to cool the outer wall of the furnace tube, thereby cooling the material in the furnace tube. This furnace tube outer wall jacket cooling method has higher efficiency than the furnace tube outer wall spray cooling method because the entire circumference of the furnace tube outer wall is uniformly distributed with a cooling water layer. However, the interior of the furnace tube is not directly cooled, and the cooling efficiency needs to be further improved.

[0008] 3. Furnace tube internal cooling method

[0009] A kind of powdered activated carbon cooling machine as patent CN202223262410.2 discloses: multiple spiral material pipes are arranged in furnace tube, spiral material pipe is immersed in the cold water cavity of both ends sealing in furnace tube, material passes from spiral material pipe, is cooled by spiral material pipe wall.The internal cooling of furnace tube is realized, and the cooling efficiency is improved;But the material flow area of the internal furnace tube is lost greatly, and the production capacity is affected.

[0010] 4, internal and external cooling mode of furnace tube

[0011] A kind of activated carbon cooling machine of internal and external cooling as patent CN202111463882.1 discloses: spiral coil pipe is arranged in furnace tube, cooling water is introduced into coil pipe, coil pipe contacts with material, and material is cooled from the inside of furnace tube;Water inlet end of coil pipe is rotary joint, water outlet end of coil pipe penetrates furnace tube, cooling water flows into water tank below furnace tube, a part of the bottom of furnace tube is immersed in water tank, and water in water tank cools the outer wall of furnace tube, to realize internal and external cooling of furnace tube.The cooling efficiency of this internal and external cooling mode of furnace tube is higher than that of the external wall spray cooling mode, but only a small part of the bottom of the outer wall is immersed in water tank, and the outer wall is not cooled enough;In addition, water of water outlet end of coil pipe is easy to be thrown out, and additional overall sealing is needed, and the setting of water tank also makes the equipment not compact enough, which affects the production capacity.

[0012] In summary, the existing rotary furnace cooling technology either has low cooling efficiency or affects production capacity.Therefore, developing a rotary furnace for cooling that can improve cooling efficiency without affecting production capacity has become the direction of technological progress in the industry.

[0013] How to realize high cooling efficiency and large processing capacity is a technical problem to be solved in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0014] The present application aims to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provide a rotary furnace for recycling pyrolysis material of waste lithium batteries to solve the technical problem of how to realize high cooling efficiency and large processing capacity in the prior art.

[0015] To achieve the above technical purpose, the technical scheme of the present application provides a rotary furnace for recycling pyrolysis material of waste lithium batteries, which comprises an outer furnace tube, an inner furnace tube, an inner cooling pipe, a partition and a joint.The inner cooling pipe is arranged inside the inner furnace tube;The inner furnace tube is arranged in the outer furnace tube;A cooling jacket is formed between the inner furnace tube and the outer furnace tube;The joint is connected to one end of the inner cooling pipe;

[0016] One end of the partition is connected to the inner wall of the inner furnace tube, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the inner cooling pipe, and the partition is used to divide the space between the inner furnace tube and the inner cooling pipe into at least two cooling cavities;

[0017] The cooling jacket and the inner cooling pipe are based on the same joint to realize multi-surface synchronous cooling.

[0018] In any embodiment, the ratio r / R between the radius r of the inner cooling pipe and the radius R of the inner furnace pipe is 0.2-0.5.

[0019] In any embodiment, the partition is a partition plate.

[0020] In any embodiment, a joint and a water distribution pipe are further included; the joint is connected with one end of the inner cooling pipe, the other end of the inner cooling pipe is connected with one end of the water distribution pipe, and the other end of the water distribution pipe penetrates the inner furnace pipe to enter the cooling jacket between the inner furnace pipe and the outer furnace pipe.

[0021] In any embodiment, a water collecting pipe is further included; the cooling jacket and the joint are communicated through the water collecting pipe.

[0022] In any embodiment, the joint is a rotary joint.

[0023] In any embodiment, a feeding mechanism is further included; the feeding mechanism is connected with one end of the inner furnace pipe, and the material enters the cavity of the inner furnace pipe through the feeding mechanism.

[0024] In any embodiment, a discharging mechanism is further included; the discharging mechanism is connected with the other end of the inner furnace pipe, and the material is discharged from the inner furnace pipe through the discharging mechanism.

[0025] In any embodiment, a driving mechanism and a supporting roller mechanism are further included; the driving mechanism drives the outer furnace pipe to rotate, the supporting roller mechanism supports the outer furnace pipe, and the outer furnace pipe drives the inner furnace pipe and the inner cooling pipe to rotate synchronously.

[0026] In any embodiment, a rack is further included; the rack supports the feeding mechanism, the driving mechanism, the supporting roller mechanism and the discharging mechanism.

[0027] In any embodiment, the height of the leg of the rack is adjustable to adjust the inclination angle of the rotary furnace, so that the feeding port is higher than the discharging port.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application include: high-temperature material enters from one end of the inner furnace pipe, rolls in the cooling cavity and is in contact with the inner cooling pipe, the inner furnace pipe and the partition plate for cooling, and finally is discharged from the other end of the inner furnace pipe, the cooling jacket is communicated with the inner cooling pipe; cooling water flows out from the joint and enters the cooling jacket from the inner cooling pipe, the inner cooling pipe, the inner furnace pipe and the partition plate can all contact the cooling material, the multi-cooling cavity design increases the contact area between the material and the cooling surface, the same joint is used to realize multi-surface synchronous cooling, and the cooling efficiency is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the inner cooling pipe of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0031] Legend: 1, feeding mechanism; 2, outer furnace pipe; 3, inner furnace pipe; 4, inner cooling pipe; 5, driving mechanism; 6, rack; 7, supporting wheel mechanism; 8, discharging mechanism; 9, joint; 10, partition plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] In combination with Figures 1-2 , the present embodiment proposes a rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material, which comprises an outer furnace pipe 2, an inner furnace pipe 3, an inner cooling pipe 4 and a partition member; the inner cooling pipe 4 is arranged inside the inner furnace pipe 3; the inner furnace pipe 3 is arranged inside the outer furnace pipe 2, and a cooling jacket is formed between the inner furnace pipe 3 and the outer furnace pipe 2; the cooling jacket is in communication with the inner cooling pipe 3;

[0035] One end of the partition member is connected with the inner wall of the inner furnace pipe 3, and the other end is connected with the outer wall of the inner cooling pipe 4; the partition member is used to divide the space between the inner furnace pipe 3 and the inner cooling pipe 4 into at least two cooling cavities.

[0036] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the ratio r / R between the radius r of the inner cooling pipe 4 and the radius R of the inner furnace pipe 3 in the present embodiment is 0.2-0.5. At this time, the cooling efficiency is high, and the production capacity is large; if the r / R ratio is too small, the cooling area of the inner cooling pipe 4 will be too small, thereby reducing the cooling efficiency; if the r / R ratio is too large, the volume of the cooling cavity will be too small, thereby reducing the production capacity.

[0037] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the partition member of the present embodiment is a partition plate 10; the partition plate 10 is arranged between the inner cooling pipe 4 and the inner furnace pipe 3, and divides the space between the inner furnace pipe 3 and the inner cooling pipe 4 into multiple cavities, and at the same time serves as a connecting member between the inner cooling pipe 4 and the inner furnace pipe 3 to realize the fixed installation of the inner cooling pipe 4, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the inner cooling pipe 4 with the inner furnace pipe 3.

[0038] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the number of the partition plates 10 in the present embodiment is four, and they are uniformly distributed in the inner furnace pipe 3.

[0039] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes a connector 9 and a water distribution pipe (not shown in the figure but easily understood); the connector 9 is connected to one end of the inner cooling pipe 4, and the other end of the inner cooling pipe 4 is connected to one end of the water distribution pipe. The other end of the water distribution pipe passes through the inner furnace tube 3 and enters the cooling jacket between the inner furnace tube 3 and the outer furnace tube 2. Cooling water enters from the connector 9 into one end of the inner cooling pipe 4, flows from the other end of the inner cooling pipe 4 through the water distribution pipe into the cooling jacket, and finally flows back to the connector 9 for discharge. In this embodiment, the connector 9 is a rotary connector.

[0040] In this embodiment, four evenly distributed flat partition plates 10 are provided between the inner furnace tube 3 and the inner cooling tube 4, forming four cooling chambers. Cooling water flows into the inner cooling tube 4 from the water inlet of the rotary joint 9, combined with... Figure 1 After flowing from the right end to the left end, the material enters the cooling jacket between the outer furnace tube 2 and the inner furnace tube 3 through the water distribution pipe, then flows from the left end of the cooling jacket to the right end, and returns to the outlet of the rotary joint 9 through the water collection pipe. During the cooling process, the inner cooling tube 4, the inner furnace tube 3, and the partition plate 10 are all cooled by cooling water. When the material tumbles in the cooling chamber, it comes into full contact with the aforementioned cooling surfaces, achieving efficient cooling. The cooled material flows out from the bottom of the discharge mechanism 8.

[0041] In addition, the partition plate 10 can be replaced with a curved plate, finned plate, etc.; the cooling water can also flow in reverse (inflow from the cooling jacket and outflow from the inner cooling pipe 4).

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also includes a water collection pipe (not shown in the figure but easily understood), through which the cooling jacket and the connector 9 are connected. Cooling water enters the inner cooling pipe 4 through the rotary connector 9, flows through the water distribution pipe into the cooling jacket, and then flows back to the rotary connector 9 through the water collection pipe to form a circulation.

[0043] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also includes a feeding mechanism 1, which is connected to one end of the inner furnace tube 3, and the material enters the cavity of the inner furnace tube 3 through the feeding mechanism 1.

[0044] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also includes a discharge mechanism 8, which is connected to the other end of the inner furnace tube 3, and the material is discharged from the inner furnace tube 3 through the discharge mechanism 8.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also includes a drive mechanism 5 and a support roller mechanism 7. The drive mechanism 5 drives the outer furnace tube 2 to rotate, and the support roller mechanism 7 supports the outer furnace tube 2. The outer furnace tube 2 drives the inner furnace tube 3 and the inner cooling tube 4 to rotate synchronously.

[0046] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the present embodiment further comprises a rack 6 supporting the feeding mechanism 1, the driving mechanism 5, the supporting wheel mechanism 7 and the discharging mechanism 8 (it should be noted that the feeding mechanism 1, the driving mechanism 5, the supporting wheel mechanism 7 and the discharging mechanism 8 are all from the prior art), the height of the supporting legs of the rack 6 is adjustable to adjust the inclination angle of the rotary furnace, so that the feeding port is higher than the discharging port, and the axial flow of the material is ensured. The driving mechanism 5 adopts chain wheel and chain transmission (gear transmission can also be selected), drives the outer furnace tube 2 to rotate, the supporting wheel mechanism 7 supports the outer furnace tube 2, and the outer furnace tube 2 drives the inner furnace tube 3 and the inner cooling tube 4 to rotate at the same time, so that the material continuously tumbles in the cooling cavity. The rotary furnace has a feeding port higher than the discharging port, and when the rotary furnace rotates, the material is affected by the axial component force of gravity and smoothly passes through the rotary furnace.

[0047] The "multi-cavity, multi-surface cooling" rotary furnace provided by the present application can not only be used for cooling waste lithium battery recovery pyrolysis material, but also can be used for cooling lithium battery positive electrode powder, negative electrode powder, mixed black powder and other high-temperature materials such as activated carbon.

[0048] In summary, the "multi-cavity, multi-surface cooling" rotary furnace of the present application divides the material into multiple cooling streams by constructing multiple cooling cavities between the inner cooling tube and the inner furnace tube, and forms four cooling surfaces by the inner cooling tube, the inner furnace tube and the two partition plates in a single cooling cavity, so as to realize efficient and high-capacity cooling of high-temperature materials.

[0049] The outer furnace tube and the inner furnace tube form a cooling jacket, the inner cooling tube and the cooling jacket are communicated through a water distribution pipe, the jacket and the rotary joint are communicated through a water collecting pipe, the cooling water flows into the inner cooling tube and flows out of the cooling jacket, and a cooling water circulation pipeline is formed; and the cooling water circulation pipeline only needs one rotary joint, so that the structure is simple and the cost is low.

[0050] The specific embodiments of the present application described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Any various other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A rotary furnace for recycling spent lithium battery pyrolysis material, characterized in that, The rotary kiln comprises an outer kiln tube, an inner kiln tube, an inner cooling tube, a partition and a joint; the inner cooling tube is arranged inside the inner kiln tube; the inner kiln tube is arranged inside the outer kiln tube; a cooling jacket is formed between the inner kiln tube and the outer kiln tube; the cooling jacket is in communication with the inner cooling tube; and the joint is connected to one end of the inner cooling tube. One end of the partition is connected to the inner wall of the inner kiln tube, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the inner cooling tube; the partition is used to divide the space between the inner kiln tube and the inner cooling tube into at least two cooling cavities. The cooling jacket and the inner cooling tube are based on the same joint to realize multi-surface synchronous cooling.

2. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio r / R between the radius r of the inner cooling tube and the radius R of the inner kiln tube is 0.2-0.

5.

3. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partition is a partition plate.

4. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary kiln further comprises a water distribution pipe; the other end of the inner cooling tube is connected to one end of the water distribution pipe, and the other end of the water distribution pipe penetrates the inner kiln tube to enter the cooling jacket between the inner kiln tube and the outer kiln tube.

5. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary kiln further comprises a water collecting pipe, and the cooling jacket is in communication with the joint through the water collecting pipe; and / or the joint is a rotary joint.

6. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary kiln further comprises a feeding mechanism; the feeding mechanism is connected to one end of the inner kiln tube, and materials enter the cavity of the inner kiln tube through the feeding mechanism.

7. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotary kiln further comprises a discharging mechanism; the discharging mechanism is connected to the other end of the inner kiln tube, and materials are discharged from the inner kiln tube through the discharging mechanism.

8. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary kiln further comprises a driving mechanism and a supporting roller mechanism; the driving mechanism drives the outer kiln tube to rotate, and the supporting roller mechanism supports the outer kiln tube; the outer kiln tube drives the inner kiln tube and the inner cooling tube to rotate synchronously.

9. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotary kiln further comprises a frame; the frame supports the feeding mechanism, the driving mechanism, the supporting roller mechanism and the discharging mechanism.

10. The rotary furnace for recycling waste lithium battery pyrolysis material according to claim 9, characterized in that, The height of the supporting legs of the frame can be adjusted to adjust the inclination angle of the rotary kiln, so that the feeding port is higher than the discharging port.

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