Magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of roadway surrounding rock monitoring, and discloses a magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system and method.The magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system comprises a magnetic linkage unit which is installed in a coal and rock mass drill hole and used for monitoring coal and rock mass deep displacement changes, the magnetic linkage unit comprises a hollow pipe structure, and the middle of the hollow pipe structure is provided with a magnet embedding groove for containing a permanent magnet; the outer part is connected with a rock stratum embedding claw through a spring, and the front end is provided with a coaxial guide ring opening; the anti-collapse hole protection tube is arranged between the flux linkage unit and the magnetostrictive waveguide data line in the drill hole; a magnetostrictive waveguide data line; and a pulse transmit-receive data collector. The system realizes displacement measurement through magnetic field coupling of a pulse signal and a flux linkage unit, the measurement precision reaches + / -1mm, and single-hole multi-point synchronous monitoring is supported. Through the magnetostrictive sensing technology and in combination with the synergistic effect of the flux linkage unit and the waveguide data line, the defects and problems in the prior art are effectively solved, and high-precision, anti-interference and multi-point synchronous real-time monitoring is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of roadway surrounding rock monitoring, and particularly relates to a magnetostrictive type roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing importance of mineral resources in economic development, the scale and depth of mining are increasing. In the complex geological environment of deep high pressure and strong mining, mining activities can easily cause gradual deformation or even sudden instability of surrounding rock, leading to large deformation of roadway, rock burst and other disasters, which seriously threatens personnel safety and restricts efficient mining. In deep coal mining, fine monitoring of deep displacement of surrounding rock is a key link to identify elastic-plastic zoning evolution and deep surrounding rock separation, and to warn of instability risks. It has decisive significance for optimizing support design and delineating key stress monitoring areas.

[0003] Currently, coal mine roadway displacement monitoring mainly relies on the following technologies, but all have significant defects: roadway surface displacement observation can only monitor shallow displacement and cannot obtain deep rock deformation data. It also requires regular manual reading and cannot achieve real-time transmission. The data is discrete and lagging.

[0004] The mechanical transmission structure of the tensioned wire separation meter is prone to wear and jam in a dusty and humid environment, requiring frequent maintenance. The single-point measurement mode makes it difficult to achieve dense point monitoring at different depths of surrounding rock. In addition, the tensioning and stretching error of the tensioned wire leads to poor long-term stability, and cannot capture non-continuous deformation.

[0005] The installation of optical fiber sensors requires pre-buried cores and complex coupling processes, and the cost of deep deployment is high. In a strong electromagnetic interference environment, the signal distortion rate is high, and the reliability of underground coal mine application is limited.

[0006] The loose circle acoustic testing method can only indirectly estimate the range of the loose circle, and cannot obtain continuous displacement quantitative data to reflect the dynamic deformation of the surrounding rock in real time. At the same time, manual operation has high dependence, data cannot be transmitted online, and it is difficult to build a time series database.

[0007] To address the aforementioned bottlenecks, this invention proposes a magnetostrictive real-time monitoring system and method for deep displacement of surrounding rock in roadways. It utilizes non-contact precision sensing: the magnetic rings and waveguide wires have no physical contact, eliminating mechanical wear errors and achieving an accuracy of ±1mm. Through dense deployment of multiple deep measuring points: a single waveguide wire can connect multiple magnetic rings in series, simultaneously monitoring continuous and discontinuous deformation of surrounding rock at different depths (0-20m) in the roadway. It also boasts strong anti-interference capabilities: the magnetostrictive signal is unaffected by humidity, dust, and electromagnetic interference, making it suitable for complex coal mine conditions. Furthermore, it relies on real-time online transmission: data is automatically uploaded to a cloud platform to construct a time-series database of surrounding rock deformation, significantly reducing the intensity of manual inspections. It enables precise identification of elastoplastic zones: by analyzing the gradient abrupt change points of the depth-displacement curve, the boundaries of the plastic zone are dynamically determined, guiding support optimization and the delineation of key stress monitoring areas, achieving a technological leap through innovative breakthroughs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention mainly addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a magnetostrictive real-time monitoring system and method for deep displacement of surrounding rock in roadways.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a magnetostrictive real-time monitoring system for deep displacement of surrounding rock in roadways, comprising:

[0010] A magnetic linkage unit is installed in a borehole in a coal and rock mass for monitoring deep displacement changes of the coal and rock mass using a multi-base point arrangement. The magnetic linkage unit includes a hollow tube structure, a magnet fitting groove in the middle to place a permanent magnet, a rock layer fixing claw connected to the outside by a spring, and a coaxial guide ring at the front end.

[0011] The magnetically expandable waveguide data cable is used to transmit and feedback pulse signals. It has a waveguide wire inside, an outer insulating protective layer, and a signal damping pad at the end.

[0012] The anti-collapse hole protector is installed between the magnetic flux unit and the magnetic expansion waveguide data line. The anti-collapse hole protector has a certain strength and rigidity to resist the squeezing and damage to the magnetic expansion waveguide data line by borehole collapse during the monitoring period, thereby meeting the long-term monitoring needs of the entire life cycle of the roadway and improving the test success rate.

[0013] A pulse transceiver data acquisition unit is used to transmit pulse signals and receive feedback signals. It includes a pulse transmitting module, a pulse receiver and a signal transmitting module, and is connected to a magnetically stretched waveguide data line through a data interface.

[0014] The system achieves displacement measurement by coupling pulse signals with the magnetic field of the magnetic flux unit, with a measurement accuracy of ±1mm, and supports single-hole multi-point synchronous monitoring.

[0015] As a further limitation of the above scheme, the rock stratum embedding claw of the magnetic chain unit is connected with the center shaft and the circumferential locking ring, and the spring compression makes the rock stratum embedding claw closely adhere to the borehole wall.

[0016] As a further limitation of the above scheme, the signal damping pad of the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line is used for suppressing signal reflection, and the waveguide wire is made of magnetostrictive material.

[0017] As a further limitation of the above scheme, the pulse receiver of the pulse transceiver data collector is arranged around the surface of the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line, and is used for capturing pulse signal feedback.

[0018] A kind of magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring method, including the above-mentioned one kind of magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system, specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: borehole is drilled at the design position of surrounding rock roadway, and the borehole diameter and depth meet the installation requirements of magnetic chain unit;

[0020] S2: multiple magnetic chain units are pushed into the borehole according to spacing requirements using a push rod, to ensure that the spring compression makes the rock stratum embedding claw adhere to the hole wall;

[0021] S3: the hole protection tube is sent to the hole bottom through the coaxial guide ring of each magnetic chain unit;

[0022] S4: the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line is sent to the hole bottom through the center hole of the hole protection tube;

[0023] S5: connect the pulse transceiver data collector, feedback displacement data through the coupling of pulse signal and magnetic field of magnetic chain unit, realize real-time monitoring and data transmission through signal emission module.

[0024] The application provides a kind of magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system and method. With the following beneficial effects:

[0025] High precision: magnetostrictive technology makes measurement accuracy reach ±1mm, far more than traditional mechanical equipment;

[0026] Anti-interference: insulation protection layer and damping pad design effectively suppress electromagnetic and reflected noise;

[0027] Real-time: pulse signal fast response, support continuous monitoring and data wireless transmission;

[0028] Multi-point synchronization: a single magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line can be connected with multiple magnetic chain units, to reduce the layout cost, and through depth multi-point-displacement curve gradient mutation point analysis, the plastic zone boundary can be dynamically and finely determined;

[0029] Long-time monitoring: a certain strength and rigidity of the hole protection pipe can be used to resist the extrusion damage of the magnetic reed waveguide data line caused by the hole collapse, thereby meeting the long-time monitoring demand of the whole life cycle of the roadway.

[0030] Convenient installation: the modular design simplifies the installation process in the hole and adapts to the harsh environment of coal mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The structure, proportion, size, etc. shown in the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and do not have technical substantive significance, so as not to define the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present application.

[0032] Figure 1 The flowchart of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0033] Figure 2 The magnetic chain unit of the system of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0034] Figure 3 The side view of the magnetic chain unit of the system of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0035] Figure 4 The magnetic reed waveguide data line of the system of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0036] LEGEND:

[0037] 1, pulse transceiver data collector; 2, magnetic chain unit; 3, magnetic reed waveguide data line; 4, signal transmitting module; 5, data interface; 6, pulse transmitting module; 7, permanent magnet; 8, magnet embedding groove; 9, spring; 10, center shaft; 11, circumferential locking ring; 12, rock stratum embedding claw; 13, coaxial guide ring mouth; 14, waveguide wire; 15, signal damping pad; 16 hole protection pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit the scope of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] In the following description, "some embodiments" are described, which describe a subset of all possible embodiments, but it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subset of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0040] Those skilled in the art can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art in the field of the embodiments of the present application. It should also be understood that the terms, such as those defined in a generally used dictionary, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1-4 As shown in the drawings, a magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system comprises:

[0042] A magnetic chain unit 2 is installed in a coal rock mass borehole and used for monitoring deep displacement changes of the coal rock mass with multiple base points. The magnetic chain unit 2 comprises a hollow tube structure, a magnet embedding groove 8 is arranged in the middle part to place a permanent magnet 7, and an outer part is connected with a rock stratum embedding claw 12 through a spring 9. A coaxial guide ring mouth 13 is arranged at the front end.

[0043] A magnetostrictive waveguide data line 3 is used for transmitting and feeding back pulse signals. A waveguide wire 14 is arranged inside the magnetostrictive waveguide data line 3, an outer layer is wrapped with an insulation protective layer, and a signal damping pad 15 is arranged at the end part.

[0044] A collapse hole protection pipe 16 is installed between the magnetic chain unit 2 and the magnetostrictive waveguide data line 3. The collapse hole protection pipe 16 has certain strength and rigidity and is used for resisting extrusion and damage of the magnetostrictive waveguide data line 3 caused by borehole collapse during the monitoring period, thereby meeting the long-time monitoring requirement of the whole life cycle of the roadway and improving the test success rate.

[0045] A pulse transceiving data collector 1 is used for transmitting pulse signals and receiving feedback signals. The pulse transceiving data collector 1 comprises a pulse transmitting module 6, a pulse receiver and a signal transmitting module 4, and is connected with the magnetostrictive waveguide data line 3 through a data interface 5.

[0046] The system realizes displacement measurement through the coupling of the pulse signals and the magnetic field of the magnetic chain unit 2. The measurement accuracy reaches ±1 mm, and single-hole multi-point synchronous monitoring is supported.

[0047] The rock stratum embedding claw 12 of the magnetic chain unit 2 is connected with a circumferential locking ring 11 through a central shaft 10. When the spring 9 is compressed, the rock stratum embedding claw 12 is tightly attached to the borehole wall.

[0048] The signal damping pad 15 of the magnetostrictive waveguide data line 3 is used for suppressing signal reflection. The waveguide wire 14 is made of magnetostrictive material.

[0049] The pulse receiver of the pulse transceiving data collector 1 is arranged around the surface of the magnetostrictive waveguide data line 3 and is used for capturing pulse signal feedback.

[0050] A magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring method, comprising a magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system, and specifically comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1: drilling a hole at a designed position of the surrounding rock roadway, the diameter and depth of the hole meeting the installation requirements of the magnetic chain unit;

[0052] S2: using a push rod to push multiple magnetic chain units into the hole according to the spacing requirements, and ensuring that the spring is compressed to make the rock layer embedding claw adhere to the hole wall;

[0053] S3: passing the hole collapse protection pipe through the coaxial guide ring of each magnetic chain unit to the bottom of the hole;

[0054] S4: passing the magnetostrictive waveguide data line through the center hole of the hole collapse protection pipe to the bottom of the hole;

[0055] S5: connecting the pulse transceiver data collector, feeding back displacement data through the coupling of the pulse signal and the magnetic field of the magnetic chain unit, and realizing real-time monitoring and data transmission through the signal transmission module.

[0056] The present application is at least applied to the following scenarios:

[0057] (1) In the process of coal mining, it is used to guide the deformation control of surrounding rock to reduce safety risks.

[0058] (2) In the support of mine roadway, it is used to evaluate the range of plastic zone and elastic zone of surrounding rock, and provide data support for underground engineering.

[0059] (3) In the design stage of mine, it is used to optimize the layout of roadway support, and improve the mining efficiency and safety of mine.

[0060] The specific working principle is:

[0061] Magnetic chain unit 2 fixation: the rock layer embedding claw 12 driven by the spring 9 is tightly adhered to the hole wall, and synchronously displaced with the deformation of the surrounding rock;

[0062] Signal coupling: the pulse transceiver data collector 1 transmits a pulse signal, which is conducted through the waveguide wire 14 of the magnetostrictive waveguide data line 3, and is coupled with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 7 of the magnetic chain unit 2 to generate a feedback pulse signal;

[0063] Displacement feedback: the feedback pulse signal returns to the pulse receiver along the waveguide wire 14, and the displacement is calculated through the time difference to realize synchronous monitoring of single-hole multi-point displacement.

[0064] The present application has the following potential advantages:

[0065] Improved accuracy: reliable real-time monitoring of deep displacement of surrounding rock helps to timely control the deformation of roadway.

[0066] Optimize resource allocation: through reliable surrounding rock deformation monitoring, more reasonable planning of roadway deformation prevention and anti-collision measures can be made, and resource utilization can be improved.

[0067] Reduce costs: reduce additional engineering and safety risks caused by unreliable surrounding rock support, thereby reducing economic costs.

[0068] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0069] It should be noted that: similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0070] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0071] The basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system, characterized in that, The system comprises a magnetic chain unit (2) installed in a coal rock body borehole for monitoring deep displacement changes of the coal rock body, the magnetic chain unit (2) comprising a hollow tube structure, a magnetic body embedding groove (8) arranged in the middle for placing a permanent magnet (7), a rock stratum embedding claw (12) connected to the outside through a spring (9), and a coaxial guide ring mouth (13) arranged at the front end; a magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line (3) for transmitting and feeding back pulse signals, the inside of the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line (3) being provided with a waveguide wire (14), the outside being wrapped with an insulation protective layer, and the end being provided with a signal damping pad (15); a collapse hole protection pipe (16) installed between the magnetic chain unit (2) and the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line (3) for resisting extrusion and damage of the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line (3) caused by borehole collapse during the monitoring period; and a pulse transceiving data collector (1) for transmitting pulse signals and receiving feedback signals, the pulse transceiving data collector (1) comprising a pulse transmitting module (6), a pulse receiver and a signal transmitting module (4), and being connected to the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line (3) through a data interface (5). The system realizes displacement measurement through the coupling of pulse signals and the magnetic field of the magnetic chain unit (2), the measurement accuracy reaches ±1 mm, and single-hole multi-point synchronous monitoring is supported. The rock stratum embedding claw (12) of the magnetic chain unit (2) is connected to a circumferential locking ring (11) through a central shaft (10), and the spring (9) is compressed to make the rock stratum embedding claw (12) tightly adhere to the borehole wall. The signal damping pad (15) of the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line (3) is used for suppressing signal reflection, and the waveguide wire (14) is made of magnetostrictive material. The pulse receiver of the pulse transceiving data collector (1) is arranged around the surface of the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line (3) for capturing pulse signal feedback. The system comprises the magnetic magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-4, and specifically comprises the following steps:

2. The magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1: drilling a borehole at a designed position of the surrounding rock roadway, the borehole diameter and depth meeting the installation requirements of the magnetic chain unit (2); 3. The magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2: pushing multiple magnetic chain units (2) into the borehole according to the spacing requirements by using a push rod, and ensuring that the spring (9) is compressed to make the rock stratum embedding claw (12) adhere to the hole wall; 4. The magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: S3: passing the collapse hole protection pipe (16) through the coaxial guide ring mouth (13) of each magnetic chain unit (2) to the bottom of the hole; 5. A magnetostrictive roadway surrounding rock deep displacement real-time monitoring method, characterized in that, S4: passing the magnetic magnetostrictive waveguide data line (3) through the center hole of the collapse hole protection pipe (16) to the bottom of the hole; S5: connecting the pulse transceiving data collector (1), coupling the pulse signals with the magnetic field of the magnetic chain unit (2) to feed back displacement data, and realizing real-time monitoring and data transmission through the signal transmitting module (4). ​ ​ ​ ​

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