Energy-saving and environment-friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation area

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly irrigation device for a mine reclamation area, and belongs to the technical field of mine plant planting. Comprising an operation control box as well as an intelligent operation control system, an additive container and a transfer box which are arranged in the operation control box, and is used for irrigating plants planted in the mine reclamation area, and the influence of all adverse factors such as dust pollution, soil water shortage, nutrient deficiency and heavy metal stress in the plant growth process is comprehensively considered and eliminated; an irrigation scheme is customized in a targeted manner based on a plant species characteristic reference scientific basis, and starting parameter limits are set by referring to atmosphere and soil monitoring data in a plant growth environment, so that the irrigation mode, the irrigation amount, the irrigation time, the additive types and the like of the device are dynamically adjusted, and energy consumption and water consumption are saved; meanwhile, the adjusting effectiveness of the irrigation device on the soil environment most suitable for plant growth is guaranteed, a certain dust falling effect is achieved, and the device is suitable for large-area single plant planting in mine reclamation areas and plant growth areas where atmospheric dust pollution is serious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining plant cultivation technology, and specifically relates to an energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mining reclamation areas. Background Technology

[0002] Mine spoil heaps and other vegetation reclamation areas often feature fragmented terrain, steep slopes, damaged soil structure, and shallow, infertile soil layers, typically exhibiting poor water retention capacity. This exacerbates soil moisture loss and stress on plant growth. Furthermore, soil pollution, compaction, and dust issues left over from mining operations inhibit root growth and photosynthesis in reclaimed plants. These multiple factors contribute to difficulty in plant survival and slow growth. These combined unfavorable growing conditions impose certain technical requirements on plant cultivation in reclaimed areas, particularly regarding irrigation techniques. These techniques must be considered in conjunction with the specific characteristics of the mining environment and operations, taking into account technical effectiveness, economic rationality, and environmental and energy-saving benefits.

[0003] Existing irrigation technologies are poorly adapted to the complex terrain (steep slopes, fragmented landforms) of mine reclamation areas. Irrigation on slopes easily leads to uneven water distribution, localized erosion, or deep seepage. Traditional irrigation techniques rarely consider the root distribution height characteristics of plants, and fixed irrigation patterns result in water shortages or waterlogging for some plant species. Uniform fertilization types cannot achieve targeted adjustment of soil properties and easily lead to resource waste. Most irrigation devices do not have a soil property-meteorological data linkage monitoring system, making it difficult to achieve precise dynamic control of irrigation and fertilization amounts. To address the irrigation technology requirements of these specific applications, this invention proposes an energy-saving and environmentally friendly intelligent irrigation device suitable for reclamation areas such as mine spoil heaps. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the specific irrigation technology requirements of this application, the purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas. This device can dynamically adjust the amount of water and fertilizer applied to the reclaimed plants and the irrigation method according to changes in mine soil and meteorological conditions, thereby achieving energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and effective irrigation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: an energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas. Its key technical features include an operation control box, an intelligent operation control system, an additive container, and a transfer box housed within the control box. The additive container is connected to a water supply pipe via a water supply pipeline above it, and to the transfer box via another water supply pipeline below it. A first control water gate is connected to the connection point between the other water supply pipeline and the transfer box. A sprinkler irrigation pipe is connected above the transfer box, and a drip irrigation pipe is connected below it. The lengths of the sprinkler and drip irrigation pipes are adjusted by telescopic devices connected to them. A control water pump is connected to the connection point between the sprinkler irrigation pipe and the transfer box, and a second control water gate is connected to the connection point between the drip irrigation pipe and the transfer box. The control water pump and the second control water gate are respectively connected to the intelligent operation control system.

[0006] In the above scheme, telescopic devices are connected to the sprinkler irrigation pipe and the drip irrigation pipe respectively. The telescopic device includes a drive motor, a worm gear, a worm, a control ring, and a deformable structure. The deformable structure is welded to the sprinkler irrigation pipe. The control ring has a diameter slightly smaller than the deformable structure and is embedded in the deformable structure. The control ring is welded to one end of the worm. The worm meshes with the worm gear. The worm gear is controlled by a drive motor 81 connected to the worm gear mounting hole. The control sensor composed of the worm gear and the drive motor is fully enclosed in the housing.

[0007] In the above scheme, the additive container includes multiple containers arranged in parallel. A container handle for opening the container is provided on the side wall of the container near the surface of the operation control box. Each container is divided into upper and lower parts by a grid.

[0008] In the above scheme, one of the containers is a blank container for holding clean water.

[0009] A control method for an energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas, using the aforementioned energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas, includes the following steps: Monitoring the above-ground plant growth environment, including wind direction and speed, temperature and rainfall, and dust concentration; The soil environment for plant growth is tested, including soil moisture content, various nutrient indicators including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and other indicators including pH and heavy metal content. The device sets execution parameters for irrigation schemes for different plants, including start-up limits for wind direction and speed, temperature and rainfall, dust concentration, soil nutrient index, soil moisture content, other soil indicators, and environmental dust concentration. When the results of two environmental monitoring systems (above ground and below ground) reach one or more start-up limits, the device automatically starts the corresponding irrigation scheme and performs irrigation. The execution parameters for the irrigation scheme include the setting of operating parameters such as irrigation method, irrigation volume, irrigation duration, sprinkler height, drip irrigation depth, and additive type. Before setting the execution parameters, it is necessary to consult the growth data of the plant to clarify the optimal growth requirements, including the optimal absorption height of the plant roots, pH and humidity preferences, and to make precise adjustments.

[0010] In the above scheme, the irrigation methods include sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation; the sprinkler irrigation scheme is activated when the soil moisture content index or dust concentration limit exceeds the normal value, and the drip irrigation scheme is activated when the soil fertility index is difficult to maintain the normal growth of plants; the two irrigation methods can be activated in parallel.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention is used for irrigation of plants planted in mine reclamation areas. The proposed irrigation device and operation method comprehensively consider the elimination of adverse factors affecting all plant growth processes, such as dust pollution, soil water shortage, nutrient deficiency, and heavy metal stress. Based on the characteristics of plant species and referencing scientific evidence, the irrigation plan is customized accordingly. At the same time, the start-up parameter limits are set with reference to atmospheric and soil monitoring data in the plant growth environment, so as to dynamically adjust the irrigation method, irrigation volume, irrigation time, and types of additives, thereby saving energy and water consumption. At the same time, it ensures the effectiveness of the irrigation device in regulating the optimal soil environment for plant growth, and also has a certain dust reduction effect. It is suitable for large-scale monoculture planting in mine reclamation areas and plant growth areas with severe atmospheric dust pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic device in an embodiment of the present invention; The numbers in the diagram are explained as follows: 1. Operation control box; 11. Intelligent operation control system; 12. Signal transmission pipeline; 13. Additive container; 14. Container handle; 15. Water supply pipeline; 16. Control gate; 17. Control pump; 18. Transfer box; 19. Grid; 2. Atmospheric environment monitor; 3. Soil environment detector; 4. Sprinkler head; 5. Sprinkler pipeline; 6. Drip irrigation head; 7. Drip irrigation pipeline; 8. Telescopic device; 81. Drive motor; 82. Worm gear; 83. Worm; 84. Control ring; 85. Deformable structure; 9. Water supply pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the following description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The specific embodiments will be described in further detail below.

[0015] This embodiment provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas, including an operation control box 1. The operation control box 1 includes an intelligent operation control system 11, comprising four modules: a surface monitoring data display module, an underground monitoring data display module, a parameter setting module, and an operating system module. The intelligent operation control system 11 is connected to an atmospheric environment monitor 2, a soil environment detector 3, a control sluice gate 16, and a control water pump 17 via a signal transmission pipeline 12.

[0016] In this embodiment, the additive container 13 includes multiple containers arranged side by side. Each container has a grid 19 inside, which divides the container into upper and lower spaces. A container handle 14 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the container near the outer surface of the operation control box 1, and can be opened through the container handle 14 for direct placement of additives, facilitating operation and timely replacement of additives. The water supply pipe 9 is connected to the additive container 13 through the water delivery pipe 15. Each additive container 13 is connected to the transfer box 18 through another set of water delivery pipes. The control sluice gate 16 is located in the water delivery pipe 15 and the drip irrigation pipe 7, respectively. The control sluice gate 16 is connected to the intelligent operation control system 11 through the signal transmission pipe 12 and receives control signals from the intelligent operation control system 11. The control water pump 17 is located in the sprinkler irrigation pipe 5. The control water pump 17 is connected to the intelligent operation control system 11 through the signal transmission pipe 12 and receives control signals from the intelligent operation control system 11. The upper part of the transfer box 18 is connected to the sprinkler pipe 5, and the lower part of the transfer box 18 is connected to the drip irrigation pipe 7.

[0017] In this embodiment, the atmospheric environment monitor 2 is located above the operation control box 1 and is connected to the intelligent operation control system 11 via a signal transmission pipeline 12. It transmits environmental dust concentration data to the intelligent operation control system 11. The soil environment detector 3 is located below the operation control box 1 and is also connected to the intelligent operation control system 11 via a signal transmission pipeline 12. It transmits soil nutrient indicators, soil moisture content, and other soil indicators to the intelligent operation control system 11. When the set indicators are below the limit, the operating system initiates different irrigation schemes accordingly, controlling the sluice gates and water pumps in the water supply pipeline via signal transmission to ensure the correct implementation of the irrigation scheme.

[0018] Telescopic devices 8 are connected to both the drip irrigation pipe 7 and the sprinkler irrigation pipe 5. The telescopic devices 8 are made of high manganese alloy steel and have a ring-shaped pleated appearance. The two ends of the telescopic device 8 on the sprinkler irrigation pipe 5 are welded to the middle of the sprinkler irrigation pipe 5, and the two ends of the telescopic device 8 on the drip irrigation pipe 7 are welded to the middle of the drip irrigation pipe 7. They are used to adjust the downward extension length of the sprinkler irrigation pipe 5 and the drip irrigation pipe 7, respectively. The control sensor 86 on the sprinkler pipe 5 is located on the top of the outer side of the operation control box 1, and the control sensor 86 on the drip irrigation pipe 7 is located on the bottom of the outer side of the operation control box 1. The operation control box 1 is completely enclosed. Inside the control sensor 86, there is a drive motor 81 and a worm gear 82. One end of the worm gear 82 is meshed with the worm 83, and the other end of the worm 83 is vertically welded to the control ring 84. When the control sensor 86 receives a command, it sends a signal to the drive motor 81 to control the worm gear 82 to rotate and drive the worm 83 to move linearly along the axial direction. The diameter of the control ring 84 is slightly smaller than that of the deformable structure 85 and is embedded in the deformable structure 85. The worm 83 drives the control ring 84 to move in the deformation direction, guiding the deformable structure 85 to undergo elongation deformation to achieve the elongation distance set by the device.

[0019] A sprinkler head 4 is connected to the top of the sprinkler pipe 5, and a drip sprinkler head 6 is connected to the bottom of the drip irrigation pipe 7. A water supply pipe 9 is embedded in the side of the operation control box 1 and connected to the water supply pipe 15 above the additive container 13 to provide water to the additive container 13. A bracket 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the operation control box 1 to maintain a certain height of the operation control box 1.

[0020] The usage process of the irrigation device in this embodiment is as follows: The intelligent operation control system 11 comprises four modules: a surface monitoring module, an underground monitoring module, a parameter setting module, and an operating system module. The surface monitoring module measures wind direction and speed, temperature, rainfall, and dust concentration in the atmospheric environment in which plants grow, and transmits the results to the control system. The underground monitoring module measures water content, various nutrient indicators (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content), and other indicators (pH, heavy metal content, etc.) in the soil environment in which plants grow, and transmits the results to the control system. The parameter setting module is used to set the start-up parameter limits for different irrigation schemes. When the monitoring results from both the surface and underground modules reach one or more start-up limits, the device will automatically start the corresponding irrigation scheme and begin irrigation. The operating system module is used to set the specific operating parameters for different irrigation schemes, including controlling the types of additives, irrigation water volume, irrigation method selection (sprinkler or drip irrigation), and corresponding irrigation duration. If either soil moisture content or environmental dust concentration is detected to be below the limit, the sprinkler irrigation mode is activated to quickly replenish the water needed by the plants, flush away dust from the leaves, reduce environmental dust pollution, and provide favorable growth conditions for the plants. If soil nutrient index or other soil index is detected to be below the limit, the drip irrigation mode is activated and the optimal drip irrigation depth is set according to the plant root biological data, and specific fertilizers or regulators are added accordingly, including but not limited to nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, compound fertilizer, etc.

[0021] Before using the irrigation device of this embodiment, it is necessary to consult relevant data to determine the suitable growth conditions for plant species in the application area, including root length, soil pH range, soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, temperature and light intensity, and water requirements. It is also necessary to investigate and understand the dust pollution situation in the application area, and determine the type of additives after comprehensive analysis, including specific fertilizers or regulators. It should be noted that the additive container should have one blank space to meet the needs of pure water irrigation. The start-up parameter limits for different irrigation schemes should be set in the control system, including the minimum soil nutrient content, the minimum soil moisture content, and the soil pH value, as well as the specific operating parameters of the corresponding irrigation scheme, including irrigation method, irrigation water volume, irrigation duration, sprinkler height, drip irrigation depth, and additive type.

[0022] For example, this embodiment pre-sets four schemes based on local conditions: When the soil pH value is detected to be higher than 7, the device starts with scheme 1: irrigation water flows through the additive container containing the acid regulator to the drip irrigation head, while the drip irrigation head automatically descends to the corresponding set depth (e.g., 0.5m above the ground), with a drip irrigation volume of 2 liters / hour and a drip irrigation duration of 5 hours; when the atmospheric dust concentration is detected to be higher than 500 mg / m³ for more than 2 hours, the device starts with scheme 2: irrigation water flows through the blank additive container to the sprinkler head, while the sprinkler head automatically rises to the corresponding set height (e.g., 1.5m above the ground), with a sprinkler irrigation volume of 5 liters / hour and a sprinkler irrigation duration of 3 ...3: irrigation water flows through the blank additive container to the sprinkler head, while the sprinkler head automatically rises to the corresponding set height (e.g., 1.5m above the ground), with a sprinkler irrigation volume of 5 liters / hour and a sprinkler irrigation duration of 3 hours; when the atmospheric dust concentration is detected to be higher than 500 mg / m³ for more than 2 hours, the device starts with scheme 4: irrigation water flows through the additive container containing the acid regulator to the sprinkler head, while the sprinkler head automatically rises to the corresponding set height (e.g., 1.5m above the ground), with a sprinkler irrigation volume of 5 liters / hour and a sprinkler irrigation duration of When the potassium content exceeds 50 mg / m³ for more than 2 hours and the soil moisture content is below 5%, the device starts with scheme 3: the irrigation water flows through the blank additive container to the sprinkler head, and the sprinkler head automatically rises to the corresponding set height (e.g., 1.5m above the ground), the irrigation water volume is 8 liters / hour, and the irrigation duration is 5 hours; when the soil moisture content is detected to be below 5% and the soil potassium content is below 50 mg / kg, the device starts with scheme 4: the irrigation water flows through the blank additive container to the sprinkler head and simultaneously through the potassium fertilizer container to the drip irrigation head, the sprinkler head automatically rises to the corresponding set height (e.g., 1.5m above the ground), the irrigation water volume is 5 liters / hour, the irrigation duration is 3 hours, and the drip irrigation head automatically descends to the corresponding set depth (e.g., -0.5m above the ground), the drip irrigation water volume is 2 liters / hour, and the drip irrigation duration is 5 hours.

[0023] Sprinkler irrigation is used to address situations of extreme soil water shortage or severe dust pollution. Activating sprinkler mode quickly replenishes the water needed by plants, washes away dust from leaves, reduces environmental dust pollution, and provides favorable growth conditions for plants. Drip irrigation is used to regulate the soil environment to a level conducive to plant growth. When soil nutrient levels or other indicators are detected to be below limits, drip irrigation mode is activated and automatically adjusted to the optimal drip depth, supplementing with specific fertilizers or regulators, including but not limited to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and compound fertilizers (the four containers shown in the diagram can be added as needed). Before starting the device, specific fertilizers or regulators are placed in the additive containers according to the settings of different irrigation programs. Both irrigation methods can be activated in parallel. The irrigation volume and duration are regulated by a sluice gate in the water supply pipeline. Calculations based on the pipeline diameter determine the sluice gate opening / closing levels (25%, 50%, and 100%) corresponding to different water volumes.

[0024] The intelligent operation control system 11 completes control operations through a combination of code and signal transmission. After the device is started, the dust concentration monitoring results are transmitted to the intelligent operation control system 11 through the atmospheric environment monitor 2, and the soil nutrient index, soil moisture content and other index monitoring results are transmitted to the intelligent operation control system 11 through the soil environment detector 3. When the monitoring results are lower than the set limit and the start-up conditions are met, the intelligent operation control system 11 starts different irrigation schemes accordingly, and controls the sluice gates and water pumps in the water supply pipeline through signal transmission to ensure the correct implementation of the irrigation scheme.

[0025] The irrigation scheme used in this embodiment can be dynamically adjusted at any time, making it more suitable for the application conditions of large-scale planting of the same type of plant in mine reclamation areas.

[0026] The additives are not limited to one type; multiple single-efficiency fertilizers or other types of regulators can be set. They can be applied individually or together through the control gate 16 of the water supply pipe 9, which can more effectively improve soil properties to provide a soil environment that is beneficial to plant growth, while saving fertilizer resources.

[0027] Linked with atmospheric and soil environmental monitoring, meteorological parameters, dust concentration, and soil parameters are incorporated into the device's irrigation plan and automatic start-up condition settings.

[0028] The system provides both drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, and controls the water volume by controlling the sluice gate 16 and the water pump 17 to achieve a more environmentally friendly and efficient water supply for plants.

[0029] The drip irrigation depth is determined by referring to plant root biological data to ensure the best improvement effect of the added substances / water on the plant growth environment. Different depths can be achieved through the retractable device of the drip irrigation pipe 7.

[0030] The irrigation height and water volume are determined by referring to environmental dust concentration monitoring data to remove dust deposited on plant leaves and reduce dust pollution in the atmosphere. This method is more suitable for plant growth conditions in reclamation areas where dust pollution is severe due to mining operations. Different rising heights can be achieved through the telescopic device of the irrigation pipe.

[0031] Environmental monitoring results, parameter settings, and operating system settings are integrated into the intelligent operation and control system and displayed uniformly, making it convenient to view monitoring data in a timely manner when setting irrigation plans.

[0032] The additive container is divided into upper and lower parts by a middle grid. Additives can be placed directly above the grid by opening the side container handle, which is convenient for operation and timely replacement of additives.

[0033] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas, characterized in that, The system includes an operation control box, an intelligent operation control system, an additive container, and a transfer box, all housed within the control box. The additive container is connected to a water supply pipe via a water supply line above it, and to the transfer box via another water supply line below it. A first control valve is connected to the connection point between the other water supply line and the transfer box. A sprinkler irrigation pipe is connected above the transfer box, and a drip irrigation pipe is connected below it. The lengths of the sprinkler and drip irrigation pipes are adjustable by telescopic devices connected to them. A control water pump is connected to the connection point between the sprinkler irrigation pipe and the transfer box, and a second control valve is connected to the connection point between the drip irrigation pipe and the transfer box. The control water pump and the second control valve are respectively connected to the intelligent operation control system.

2. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sprinkler and drip irrigation pipes are respectively connected to telescopic devices. The telescopic device includes a drive motor, a worm gear, a worm, a control ring, and a deformable structure. The deformable structure is welded to the sprinkler pipe. The control ring has a diameter slightly smaller than the deformable structure and is embedded in the deformable structure. The control ring is welded to one end of the worm. The worm meshes with the worm gear. The worm gear is controlled by a drive motor 81 connected to the worm gear mounting hole. The control sensor, consisting of the worm gear and the drive motor, is fully enclosed in the housing.

3. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The additive container includes multiple containers arranged in parallel. A container handle for opening the container is provided on the side wall of the container near the surface of the operation control box. Each container is divided into upper and lower parts by a grid.

4. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One of the containers is a blank container for holding clean water.

5. A control method for an energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas, implemented using the energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for mine reclamation areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Monitoring the above-ground plant growth environment, including wind direction and speed, temperature and rainfall, and dust concentration; The soil environment for plant growth is tested, including soil moisture content, various nutrient indicators including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and other indicators including pH and heavy metal content. The device sets execution parameters for irrigation schemes for different plants, including start-up limits for wind direction and speed, temperature and rainfall, dust concentration, soil nutrient index, soil moisture content, other soil indicators, and environmental dust concentration. When the results of two environmental monitoring systems (above ground and below ground) reach one or more start-up limits, the device automatically starts the corresponding irrigation scheme and performs irrigation. The execution parameters for the irrigation scheme include the setting of operating parameters such as irrigation method, irrigation volume, irrigation duration, sprinkler height, drip irrigation depth, and additive type. Before setting the execution parameters, it is necessary to consult the growth data of the plant to clarify the optimal growth requirements, including the optimal absorption height of the plant roots, pH and humidity preferences, and to make precise adjustments.

6. The control method for an energy-saving and environmentally friendly irrigation device for a mine reclamation area as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation methods include sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. The sprinkler irrigation scheme is activated when the soil moisture content or dust concentration exceeds the normal value, and the drip irrigation scheme is activated when the soil fertility index is insufficient to maintain normal plant growth. The two irrigation methods can be activated in parallel.

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