Smoke tube accumulated ash removing device of biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of cleaning in a pipe, discloses a smoke pipe accumulated ash removing device of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler, and aims to solve the key problem that stubborn accumulated ash in a smoke pipe is difficult to remove only by adopting a single ash blowing mode. A plurality of protruding ash removal teeth are arranged on the periphery of the outer side of the descaling base, so that when the descaling base rotates and moves along the guide rod piece, stubborn accumulated ash on the inner side of the smoke pipe can be mechanically ground firstly, and finally the effect of mechanically grinding and removing ash in the pipe is achieved. In addition, after the descaling seat removes all stubborn accumulated dust in the smoke pipe, shock waves are used for intermittently blowing air into the smoke pipe, power is provided for resetting of the descaling seat, broken accumulated dust in the pipe is blown out according to shock wave blowing, cleanliness of the interior of the smoke pipe is guaranteed, and the shock wave dust removing effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipe cleaning technology, and in particular to a device for removing ash buildup in the flue pipes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued and robust growth in global demand for clean energy, the limitations of traditional fossil fuels are becoming increasingly apparent. Their non-renewable nature and severe environmental pollution have drawn greater attention to the development and utilization of clean energy. Against this backdrop, biomass fuels, with their unique renewability and significant environmental benefits, have distinguished themselves in the energy sector and gained widespread application. Among numerous biomass fuel-based applications, the WNS-type biomass fuel semi-gasification boiler, as a highly efficient and environmentally friendly biomass energy conversion device, has attracted considerable attention. Through advanced technological design, it can efficiently convert the energy in biomass fuels into heat energy, providing a stable and reliable heat source for businesses and various locations. Thanks to its outstanding performance and environmental advantages, this boiler has been widely adopted by numerous industrial enterprises, heating institutions, and commercial establishments, becoming one of the key pieces of equipment driving energy transformation and green development.

[0003] However, in the actual operation of biomass semi-gasification boilers, due to the unique characteristics of biomass fuel, such as the presence of a certain proportion of minerals in its composition, a large amount of ash is generated during combustion. This ash flows with the flue gas inside the boiler and easily accumulates in the flue tubes. As a key component for flue gas flow and heat transfer in the boiler, ash accumulation in the flue tubes causes many serious problems. From the perspective of heat transfer efficiency, ash accumulation in the flue tubes forms a heat insulation layer on the inner wall of the tubes, greatly hindering heat transfer. Heat that could have been transferred efficiently cannot be smoothly transferred from the flue gas to the working medium of the boiler due to this ash layer, resulting in a significant reduction in the heat transfer efficiency of the flue tubes. This forces the boiler to consume more fuel to maintain the same heat output, increasing energy consumption and raising operating costs.

[0004] Currently, the common methods for cleaning flue gas pipes are shock wave or sonic cleaning technologies. Shock wave cleaning uses a strong, high-pressure shock wave to impact the accumulated ash on the inner wall of the flue gas pipe; sonic cleaning uses the vibration of sound waves to loosen and remove the ash. However, the composition of flue gas is extremely complex, containing not only ash but also sticky substances and compounds formed through chemical reactions at high temperatures. These substances easily adhere to the inside of the pipes, gradually forming hardened coke deposits over time. Relying solely on external shock wave or sonic cleaning methods is often insufficient to completely clean the inside of the pipes, leaving coke deposits that continue to affect the boiler's heat transfer efficiency and safe operation, causing disruptions to normal production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes a device for removing ash from the flue tubes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler. It has the advantages of combining mechanical soot blowing and shock wave soot blowing, and aims to effectively solve the key problem mentioned in the background section that it is difficult to remove stubborn ash from the flue tubes by using only a single soot blowing method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for removing ash from the flue tubes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler, comprising: a boiler, with a drive frame installed on the inner side of the boiler and a guide rod arranged coaxially with the flue tube at the end of the drive frame using a fork; an ash removal assembly, including a descaling seat, which is movably installed on the outer side of the guide rod and can move axially along the guide rod and rotate with it, and the outer side of the descaling seat is provided with ash-removing teeth for breaking up the ash accumulation on the inner side of the flue tube; an adjustment assembly, disposed on the boiler, for realizing the rotation of the guide rod; and a traction assembly, disposed on the drive frame, for realizing the movement of the descaling seat along the guide rod; while the descaling seat moves axially along the inside of the flue tube, the adjustment assembly drives the guide rod to rotate, thereby realizing the descaling seat breaking up the ash accumulation in the flue tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment motor, an adjustment gear, and a driven gear. The driven gear is fixedly installed on the outer side of the drive frame, the adjustment motor is installed on the outer side of the boiler, and the adjustment gear installed on the output shaft of the adjustment motor meshes with the external teeth of the driven gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the traction assembly includes: a central shaft, movably mounted on the side of the drive frame, with a rope control gear mounted at the top and a rope drum mounted in the middle; a wire rope for connecting the rope drum and the descaling seat; and a gear ring, mounted inside the boiler and meshing with the rope control gear for transmission.

[0009] Furthermore, the boiler is equipped with a shock wave soot blowing assembly facing the flue. The high-pressure shock wave airflow generated by the shock wave soot blowing assembly blows out the broken ash inside the flue. The descaling seat is blown by the high-pressure shock wave airflow and moves away from the drive frame along the guide rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the gear ring is movably mounted on the boiler using a guide rod, and a tension spring connects the metal ring block on the guide rod to the boiler.

[0011] Furthermore, a damping shell is fastened to the boiler, and a damping piston is installed inside the damping shell in a sealed manner. The damping piston is fixedly connected to the fork, and a spring is provided between the damping piston and the inner side of the damping shell. A detection component is fixedly installed at the end of the damping shell. The detection component is electrically connected to an electromagnet. The electromagnet is fixed on the outer side of the boiler and arranged coaxially with the guide rod on the gear ring.

[0012] Furthermore, a one-way air supply valve is fixedly installed on the damping shell to enable one-way flow of external airflow into the inner cavity of the damping shell. A pressure relief hole is opened on the damping piston. A buffer wheel is movably installed at the bottom end of the central shaft, and there is one-way transmission between the buffer wheel and the central shaft. An arc-shaped protrusion is provided on the outer side of the buffer wheel, and the buffer wheel is located on one side of the damping piston. A cleaning pipe is fixedly installed at the end of the descaling seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the shock wave soot blowing assembly includes: a first shock wave soot blowing device located on one side of the flue; a mixing device with a mixing chamber for gas mixing; an ignition device for igniting the mixed compressed air and acetylene; a gas distribution control cabinet for controlling the ignition device and its related compressed air electric valve and acetylene electric valve; and a mixing explosion gas pipe for delivering the mixed gas to the first shock wave soot blowing device.

[0014] Furthermore, the compressed air source device includes a compressed air source, a pneumatic triplet, a pressure gauge, and a pressure regulating valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the acetylene gas source device includes an acetylene cylinder group, an acetylene header, a flashback device, an acetylene pressure gauge, and an acetylene pressure regulating valve.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention provides a flue gas ash removal device for a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler, which features a unique ash removal structure and operating mode. Specifically, a conical descaling seat is provided inside the flue gas pipe, and multiple raised ash-removing teeth are evenly and regularly arranged around the outer perimeter of the descaling seat. These ash-removing teeth can effectively break up stubborn ash deposits.

[0018] In actual operation, when the device is started, the descaling seat rotates under the drive of the power source and moves linearly along the guide rod. During this combined rotation and movement, the cleaning teeth on the outside of the descaling seat mechanically grind away the stubborn, firmly attached ash that is difficult to remove from the inside of the flue. Through this mechanical grinding, the bond between the ash and the inner wall of the flue is gradually broken, and the ash layer is peeled off little by little, ultimately achieving the effect of mechanical grinding and cleaning of the inside of the flue, solving the problem of traditional cleaning methods being unable to handle stubborn ash.

[0019] Furthermore, the device also features shockwave cleaning. After the descaling unit has worked for a period of time to remove all the stubborn ash inside the flue, the system activates the shockwave generator to intermittently blow air into the flue. This intermittent blowing method has unique advantages. On the one hand, the powerful force generated by the shockwave provides the necessary power to reset the descaling unit, allowing it to smoothly return to its initial position and prepare for the next cleaning cycle. On the other hand, the high-speed airflow generated by the shockwave blows out the ash that has been mechanically abraded and broken up inside the pipe, ensuring that no ash residue remains inside the flue. This comprehensive cleaning of the flue achieves the desired shockwave cleaning effect and further enhances the reliability and practicality of the entire cleaning device. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0021] The invention will be more clearly understood with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of all components and the control system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mechanical dust removal system in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the location and assembly structure of the dust removal component in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the adjusted components and their assembly structure in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of the area at point E in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and three-dimensional structure of each component on the drive frame of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and three-dimensional structure of each component on the central axis of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the damping shell of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Boiler; 2. Corrugated furnace shell; 3. Flue; 4. First shock wave soot blowing; 5. Soot cleaning assembly; 501. Descaling seat; 502. Cleaning pipe; 6. Second shock wave soot blowing; 7. Adjustment assembly; 700. Adjustment motor; 701. Adjusting gear; 702. Driven gear; 8. Mixing device; 9. Guide rod; 10. Shock wave soot blowing programmable controller; 11. Soot cleaning system; 12. Pneumatic triplet; 13. Pressure gauge; 14. Steel wire rope; 15. Rope drum; 16. Drive frame; 17. Compressed air pipe; 18. Acetylene manifold; 19. Forklift; 20. Mixed explosive gas pipe; 21. Central shaft; 211. Control rope gear; 212. Buffer wheel; 22. Damping housing; 221. Damping piston; 222. One-way gas supply valve; 223. Pressure relief hole; 23. Flashback device; 24. Acetylene pipe; 25. Gas distribution control cabinet; 26. Detection component; 27. Gear ring; 28. Mixing chamber; 29. ​​Ignition device; 30. Electromagnet; 31. Solenoid valve; 32. Touch screen human-machine interface. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] As an embodiment of this application, a technical solution for ash removal is provided for a WNS type (horizontal internal combustion chamber boiler, abbreviated as WNS) biomass fuel semi-gasification boiler. This solution addresses the problem of low efficiency in existing biomass fuel semi-gasification boiler flue ash removal methods, thereby improving the boiler's thermal efficiency and ensuring its safe and stable operation.

[0033] To achieve this objective, this application proposes a mechanical cleaning method for flue pipes. To better understand this solution, [further details are needed]. Figure 1 For example, the current operating steps of the WNS type steam boiler biomass fuel semi-gasification boiler are as follows:

[0034] The first step involves feeding the biomass fuel semi-gasification furnace into boiler 1, where it undergoes complete combustion within the corrugated furnace 2 of the first pass, producing high-temperature flue gas. The first pass referred to here is the attached... Figure 1 Similarly, S1 in the appendix... Figure 1 S2 and S3 in the diagram represent the second and third return trips, respectively.

[0035] The second step involves the production of high-temperature flue gas containing ash after complete combustion in the first pass. This flue gas passes through the combustion chamber and enters the flue pipe 3 in the second pass. The heat from the flue gas inside the flue pipe 3 exchanges heat with the boiler water outside, causing the boiler water temperature to rise.

[0036] In the third step, the ash-containing flue gas continues to enter the third pass flue tube 3. The internal and external heat exchange in the third pass flue tube 3 once again heats the external boiler water, further increasing the temperature of the boiler water.

[0037] The above steps clearly demonstrate that, due to the characteristics of biomass fuel, a large amount of ash is produced during combustion, which easily accumulates inside the flue. Ash accumulation in the flue causes numerous problems. On the one hand, it reduces the heat transfer efficiency of the flue, leading to a decrease in the boiler's thermal efficiency and increased energy consumption. On the other hand, excessive ash accumulation can clog the flue, affecting the normal flow of flue gas and even causing safety accidents.

[0038] In order to achieve ash removal inside the flue, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 It can be seen that inside the boiler 1, there is a drive frame 16 that is movably mounted via a bearing and located on one side of the end of the flue pipe 3. A fork 19 is movably mounted at the end of the drive frame 16. Figure 6 As shown, a guide rod 9 is bolted to the middle of the fork 19, and the guide rod 9 is inserted into the middle of the smoke pipe 3 and arranged coaxially with it. Furthermore, as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the guide rod 9 is a cylindrical rod with a rectangular groove on its outer side along the axial direction. A cleaning assembly 5 for cleaning the inside of the flue pipe 3 is movably fitted on the outer side of the guide rod 9. The cleaning assembly 5 includes a descaling seat 501, which is constrained by the rectangular groove on the outer side of the guide rod 9. The descaling seat 501 can not only rotate with the guide rod 9 but also reciprocate left and right along the axial direction of the guide rod 9. The descaling seat 501 is frustum-shaped, and cleaning teeth are provided on its outer side. When these cleaning teeth move left and right and rotate within the inner cavity of the flue pipe 3, they can break up the accumulated ash inside the flue pipe 3, thereby making the flue gas flow more smoothly inside the flue pipe 3.

[0039] The rotation of guide rod 9 is primarily driven by adjusting assembly 7. For details, see... Figure 4 and Figure 6As can be seen, the adjustment assembly 7 includes an adjustment motor 700, an adjustment gear 701, and a driven gear 702. The driven gear 702 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the drive frame 16 and arranged coaxially with it. The adjustment motor 700 is firmly installed on the outer side of the boiler 1 using a motor bracket. The adjustment gear 701, which meshes with the external teeth of the driven gear 702, is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the adjustment motor 700. When the adjustment motor 700 starts, it drives the adjustment gear 701 to rotate, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the driven gear 702.

[0040] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a steel wire rope 14 is fixedly connected to the end of the descaling seat 501. A central shaft 21 is movably mounted on the side of the drive frame 16. A rope drum 15 for winding / unwinding the steel wire rope 14 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the central shaft 21. A rope control gear 211 is fixedly mounted at the top of the central shaft 21. Correspondingly, a gear ring 27 that meshes with the central shaft 21 is movably mounted inside the boiler 1. When the drive frame 16 drives the central shaft 21 to rotate, the meshing between the rope control gear 211 and the gear ring 27 causes the central shaft 21 to drive the rope drum 15 to rotate, and the rope drum 15 to wind the steel wire rope 14.

[0041] In practical applications, under normal conditions, the descaling seat 501 is relatively far from the drive frame 16 and is located on the outer side of the left end of the flue pipe 3. In the initial state, the descaling seat 501 does not enter the interior of the flue pipe 3, therefore, it will not obstruct the flow of flue gas inside the flue pipe 3.

[0042] When there is accumulated ash inside the flue pipe 3 that needs cleaning, the adjusting motor 700 is started. Under the meshing transmission of the adjusting gear 701 and the driven gear 702, the drive frame 16 drives the guide rod 9 to rotate synchronously via the fork 19. The descaling seat 501 rotates synchronously with the guide rod 9. The cleaning teeth on the outer side of the descaling seat 501 can grind and break up the accumulated ash inside the flue pipe 3. At the same time, the rotation of the drive frame 16 causes the rope control gear 211 to move along the gear ring 27. Due to the meshing action of the two, the rope control gear 211 drives the rope drum 15 to rotate via the central shaft 21. The rotating rope drum 15 winds up the wire rope 14. Then, the wire rope 14 pulls the descaling seat 501 closer to the drive frame 16, causing the descaling seat 501 to move along the guide rod 9 and the inner side of the flue pipe 3. During the movement, the cleaning teeth on the outer side of the descaling seat 501 can thoroughly clean the accumulated ash inside the flue pipe 3. Finally, when the descaling seat 501 moves from the left end of the flue pipe 3 to its right end, the cleaning of the ash inside the flue pipe 3 is completed. However, it should be noted that when the descaling seat 501 moves to the right end of the flue pipe 3, it will not extend from the right end of the flue pipe 3, so that the descaling seat 501 can be reset to the left along the guide rod 9 and the flue pipe 3 due to the shock wave blowing.

[0043] As can be seen from the above, when dust removal is required, the dust removal component 5 first performs mechanical dust removal on the inside of the flue pipe 3, which breaks up the stubborn dust accumulation on the inner side of the flue pipe 3, thereby preventing blockage inside the flue pipe 3. Based on this, from... Figure 1 As can be seen, in the second pass, a first shock wave soot blower 4 is installed in the boiler 1 and located on one side of the adjusting assembly 7, facing the flue tube 3. The high-pressure shock wave airflow generated by the first shock wave soot blower 4 blows out the broken ash inside the flue tube 3, ensuring the interior of the flue tube 3 is relatively clean. On the other hand, when the first shock wave soot blower 4 is working, the adjusting motor 700 stops working, and the descaling seat 501, blown by the high-pressure shock wave airflow, moves to the left along the guide rod 9 and moves relatively away from the drive frame 16. The wire rope 14 is released from the rope drum 15 until the descaling seat 501 moves to the left end of the flue tube 3, i.e., the aforementioned normal position, thus completing the cleaning of the inside of the flue tube 3. Similarly, for the cleaning of ash accumulation in the flue tube 3 in the third pass, the second shock wave soot blower 6 installed on the boiler 1 is used for soot blowing, ensuring the interior of the flue tube 3 is relatively clean in the third pass. The mechanical cleaning and shock wave soot blowing methods of the flue tube 3 in the third pass are the same as those in the second pass, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] In summary, it can be seen that in the process of cleaning the inside of the flue pipe 3 in this embodiment, the stubborn dust inside the flue pipe 3 is ground and broken by mechanical cleaning. Secondly, the high-pressure shock wave airflow generated by shock wave blowing ensures that the dust inside the flue pipe 3 is blown out. At the same time, the high-pressure airflow pushes the descaling seat 501 to reset and wait for the next mechanical cleaning inside the pipe.

[0045] Example 2 is a further improvement on Example 1. Please refer to Example 1. Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the end of the gear ring 27 is movably mounted in the boiler 1 using two or more guide rods, and a tension spring connects the metal ring block on the guide rod to the boiler 1. Under normal conditions, the tension spring keeps the gear ring 27 in engagement with the rope control gear 211. In this embodiment, the external teeth of the rope control gear 211 are trapezoidal. Therefore, when the rotational resistance of the rope control gear 211 is large, the gear ring 27, influenced by the inclined plane, will move relatively away from the rope control gear 211 and stretch the tension spring. The rotational resistance of the rope control gear 211 mainly comes from the winding force of the rope drum 15 on the wire rope 14. According to... Figure 2It is easy to see that when the descaling seat 501 moves to the right along the inner side of the flue pipe 3, stubborn ash accumulates on the inner side of the flue pipe 3. This causes the descaling seat 501 to be obstructed from moving to the right, increasing the resistance of the rope drum 15 in winding the wire rope 14. Ultimately, this resistance acts between the rope control gear 211 and the gear ring 27, forcing them to disengage. Using this method, it is ensured that when stubborn ash accumulates on the inner side of the flue pipe 3, the resistance of the rope drum 15 in winding increases, and the rope control gear 211 and the gear ring 27 disengage. Because the tension spring constantly pulls the guide rod to move the gear ring 27 towards the rope control gear 211, the rope control gear 211 always has a tendency to drive the rope drum 15 to wind the wire rope 14, and the descaling seat 501 always has a tendency to move to the right. In this state, since the drive frame 16 continuously drives the descaling seat 501 to rotate through the guide rod 9, the descaling seat 501 can grind stubborn dust for a long time until it is removed.

[0046] Example 3, as a supplement to Example 2, also addresses the issue of dust accumulation on the outer side of the guide rod 9, as the guide rod 9 remains inside the flue pipe 3. If stubborn dust accumulates on the outer side of the guide rod 9, it will obviously create resistance to the rightward movement of the descaling seat 501. However, because the descaling seat 501 and the guide rod 9 rotate synchronously, the descaling seat 501 cannot perform rotary grinding of the dust accumulation on the outer side of the guide rod 9. To avoid dust accumulation on the guide rod 9 hindering the rightward movement of the descaling seat 501, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the boiler 1 has a damping shell 22 fastened by a flange, and a damping piston 221 is sealed and movable inside the damping shell 22. The damping piston 221 is fixedly connected to the fork 19 by bolts. At the same time, a spring is provided between the damping piston 221 and the inner side of the damping shell 22. The damping piston 221 is pushed by the spring, so that it always tends to push the fork 19 to the left. A detection component 26 is fixedly installed at the end of the damping shell 22, on the side relatively away from the damping piston 221. When the damping piston 221 is pushed by the spring, it will also move relatively away from the detection component 26. The detection component 26 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 30, which is fixed on the outer side of the boiler 1 and arranged coaxially with the guide rod on the gear ring 27. The metal ring block provided on the guide rod can be connected to the tension spring on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can be attracted by the magnetism generated by the electromagnet 30, forcing the gear ring 27 to always mesh with the control rope gear 211 and not disengage.

[0047] As can be seen from the above, when the descaling seat 501 comes into contact with the stubborn ash inside the flue 3, according to the description in Embodiment 2, the descaling seat 501 can achieve long-term grinding and crushing cleaning of the stubborn ash. If ash accumulates on the outer side of the guide rod 9, the rope drum 15 will wind up the wire rope 14, causing the descaling seat 501 to come into contact with the ash accumulation on the guide rod 9. The guide rod 9 will push the damping piston 221 to compress the spring through the fork 19 until the damping piston 221 comes into contact with the detection component 26. After the detection component 26 is compressed, the electromagnet 30 will be activated, ultimately keeping the gear ring 27 and the rope control gear 211 in a meshed state. Since the rope control gear 211 has sufficient power to drive the rope drum 15 to wind up the wire rope 14, the wire rope 14, based on the traction on the descaling seat 501, increases the strength of the descaling seat 501 in contact with the ash until the ash is cleaned.

[0048] Finally, after the dust on the guide rod 9 is cleaned, the damping piston 221 pushes the fork 19 to move the guide rod 9 to the left, and the damping piston 221 will also release the pressure on the detection component 26, and the electromagnet 30 will stop working.

[0049] Based on this, according to Figure 4 and Figure 8 It is evident that a one-way air supply valve 222 is fixedly installed on the damping shell 22 to allow unidirectional airflow into the inner cavity of the damping shell 22. This ensures that when the damping piston 221 is moved away from the detection component 26 by the spring, external air can quickly replenish the damping shell 22. A pressure relief hole 223 is provided on the damping piston 221. When the damping piston 221 moves towards the detection component 26, the increased air pressure in the damping shell 22 relatively hinders the speed at which the damping piston 221 moves towards the detection component 26. This makes the speed at which the descaling seat 501 pushes the guide rod 9 to the right controllable and relatively slow, reducing the problem of the damping piston 221 rapidly contacting the detection component 26 and causing frequent false starts of the electromagnet 30 when the descaling seat 501 pushes the guide rod 9 to the right.

[0050] Moreover, according to Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7It can be seen that a buffer wheel 212 is movably mounted at the bottom of the central shaft 21, and the buffer wheel 212 and the central shaft 21 can only perform unidirectional transmission. Specifically, the buffer wheel 212 is mounted on the bottom of the central shaft 21 via bearings, and the inner side of the top of the buffer wheel 212 is provided with internal teeth arranged at equal angles, the teeth being right-angled triangles. Correspondingly, a spring push rod is mounted on the side of the central shaft 21, which abuts against the internal teeth of the buffer wheel 212, ensuring that the central shaft 21 can only perform unidirectional transmission to the buffer wheel 212. The buffer wheel 212 has an arc-shaped protrusion on its outer side and is located on one side of the damping piston 221. Under normal conditions, the adjusting motor 700 drives the drive frame 16 to rotate and the rope drum 15 winds up the wire rope 14. There is no transmission between the central shaft 21 and the buffer wheel 212. When the first shock wave soot blowing 4 / second shock wave soot blowing 6 blows the descaling seat 501 according to the high-pressure shock wave airflow, the wire rope 14 will be released from the rope drum 15. Correspondingly, the central shaft 21 rotates in the opposite direction and makes the buffer wheel 212 rotate synchronously. When the buffer wheel 212 rotates, its outer arc-shaped protrusion will abut against the damping piston 221, forcing the damping piston 221 to squeeze the inner cavity of the damping shell 22. Finally, the damping hole 223 slows down the movement speed of the damping piston 221. The movement resistance of the buffer wheel 212 increases, and the resistance of the central shaft 21 rotating in the opposite direction also increases. In practical applications, during the resetting of the descaling seat 501 by the high-pressure shockwave airflow (first shockwave blowing 4 / second shockwave blowing 6), the wire rope 14 pulls the rope drum 15 to rotate in the opposite direction. Simultaneously, the central shaft 21 drives the buffer wheel 212 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the buffer wheel 212 to press against the damping piston 221 and tend to compress towards the spring. As the descaling seat 501 continues to be pulled in the opposite direction by the wire rope 14, the rope drum 15 rotates until the buffer wheel 212 passes the damping piston 221. After the buffer wheel 212 passes the damping piston 221, it is pushed by the spring to reset the damping piston 221 again. During this process, when the descaling seat 501 moves to the left under the influence of the high-pressure shockwave airflow, there will be intermittent pauses. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen, a cleaning pipe 502 is bolted to the end of the descaling seat 501. The cleaning pipe 502 is also arranged coaxially with the flue pipe 3. Since there is a gap between the cleaning pipe 502 and the flue pipe 3, when the first shock wave soot blower 4 / second shock wave soot blower 6 blows high-pressure shock wave airflow into the flue pipe 3, the flow velocity intensity on the outer side of the cleaning pipe 502 will increase due to the necking of the area between the cleaning pipe 502 and the flue pipe 3, which will further enhance the soot blowing and cleaning of the inner side of the flue pipe 3.

[0051] It should be noted that since the first shock wave soot blowing 4 / second shock wave soot blowing 6 does not work continuously, during one operation of the first shock wave soot blowing 4 / second shock wave soot blowing 6, the buffer wheel 212 can pass the damping piston 221 at least once, ensuring that the descaling seat 501 always has an intermittent tendency to move to the left during the shock wave soot blowing period, until the descaling seat 501 moves to the left end of the flue pipe 3 and returns to its normal position.

[0052] Example 4 is a disclosure regarding high-pressure shock wave soot blowing control in Examples 1 to 3. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 As shown, in practical applications, the number of first shock wave soot blowers 4 and second shock wave soot blowers 6 is determined according to the load of boiler 1. In this application, two sets of each of the first shock wave soot blowers 4 and second shock wave soot blowers 6 are used as an example, but the actual number is not limited to this. Shock wave soot blowing ensures the cleanliness of the inside of the flue pipe, thereby achieving normal flue gas circulation and safe boiler operation.

[0053] The shock wave soot blowing components include not only the first shock wave soot blowing 4 and the second shock wave soot blowing 6 mentioned in the previous embodiments, but also a mixing device 8. The mixing device 8 has a mixing chamber 28 for gas mixing, allowing compressed air and acetylene to fully contact and mix. An ignition device 29 is used to ignite the mixed compressed air and acetylene. A gas distribution control cabinet 25 controls the ignition device 29 and its associated compressed air and acetylene electric valves. The compressed air electric valve ensures that compressed air enters the housing of the mixing device 8, and the acetylene electric valve ensures that acetylene enters the housing of the mixing device 8, achieving full mixing of the two gases within the mixing device 8. The mixed gas is then transported to the corresponding first shock wave soot blowing 4 and second shock wave soot blowing 6 via a mixing explosion gas pipe 20.

[0054] The compressed air source device includes a compressed air source, a pneumatic triplet 12 (mainly used to filter impurities and moisture from the air), a pressure gauge 13 (to measure the pressure inside the pipe), and a pressure regulating valve (to adjust the pressure to a suitable range to ensure the normal operation of the gas mixing device). During the dust removal process, the normal operating pressure of the compressed air is 0.4 MPa. Compressed air at a suitable pressure can be delivered into the mixing device 8 via the compressed air pipe 17.

[0055] The acetylene gas source device includes an acetylene cylinder group, an acetylene header 18 (to ensure normal operation of acetylene), a flashback arrestor 23 (to prevent flashback and propagation of explosion waves), an acetylene pressure gauge, an acetylene pressure regulating valve, etc. The normal operating pressure of acetylene gas is 0.11 MPa, and the gas flow is sent into the mixing device 8 through the acetylene pipe 24.

[0056] The programmable controller primarily employs a shockwave sootblowing programmable controller 10, specifically a Siemens S7-1200 series PLC, as its core controller. This controller boasts powerful logic control capabilities and abundant communication interfaces, meeting the complex control requirements of the system. The shockwave sootblowing programmable controller 10 sends signals to the ignition device 29 via the gas distribution control cabinet 25, activating it to complete the shockwave sootblowing process. A touchscreen human-machine interface 32 is also provided for controlling the shockwave sootblowing programmable controller 10. This interface primarily uses a Kunlun Tongtai TPC7062KX touchscreen, facilitating operators in setting sootblowing parameters, viewing operating status, and troubleshooting information. It connects to the PLC via an RS485 communication interface for data interaction. Furthermore, the touchscreen features an intuitive and user-friendly interface displaying parameters such as sootblowing time, frequency, and pressure; information on the sootblower's operating status, gas pressure, and position; and alarm messages displayed when a system fault occurs, prompting operators to take appropriate action. It also includes a dust removal system 11, which can automatically control the operation of the shock wave soot blower using a preset program. During the soot blowing process, the shock wave energy is always in a suitable state. Parameters such as the time interval of soot blowing, the duration of each soot blowing, and the frequency of soot blowing can all be set in the control system.

[0057] In terms of programming, the STEP7-Micro / WIN programming software is used to write PLC programs, which mainly include the following parts:

[0058] Initialization program: Initializes and sets up the PLC's input / output points, timers, counters, etc.

[0059] Data acquisition program: periodically acquires signals from the pressure and position sensors of the boiler system and stores the data in the PLC's memory.

[0060] Control algorithm program: Based on the preset soot blowing time and feedback signal, determine whether the soot blower needs to be started and send a control command to the pneumatic solenoid valve 31.

[0061] Output control program: Based on the results of the control algorithm, control the on / off state of the pneumatic solenoid valve 31 to achieve control of the shock wave soot blower.

[0062] Fault diagnosis procedure: The boiler monitoring system operates in real time. When a fault occurs, an alarm signal is issued in a timely manner and the fault information is recorded.

Claims

1. A device for removing ash buildup in the flue of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler, characterized in that, include: The boiler (1) has a drive frame (16) installed on the inner side of the end of the flue (3), and the end of the drive frame (16) is equipped with a guide rod (9) arranged coaxially with the flue (3) by means of a fork (19); The cleaning assembly (5) includes a descaling seat (501), which is movably installed on the outer side of the guide rod (9) and can move along the axial direction of the guide rod (9) and rotate with it. The outer side of the descaling seat (501) is provided with cleaning teeth to break up the ash accumulation on the inner side of the flue (3). Adjustment component (7) is set on boiler (1) to realize the rotation of guide rod (9); A traction assembly, mounted on the drive frame (16), is used to enable the descaling seat (501) to move along the guide rod (9); While the descaling seat (501) moves axially along the inside of the flue (3), the adjusting component (7) drives the guide rod (9) to rotate, so that the descaling seat (501) breaks up the ash inside the flue (3).

2. The ash removal device for the flue gas tubes of the biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (7) includes an adjustment motor (700), an adjustment gear (701), and a driven gear (702). The driven gear (702) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the drive frame (16). The adjustment motor (700) is installed on the outer side of the boiler (1), and the adjustment gear (701) installed on the output shaft of the adjustment motor (700) meshes with the external teeth of the driven gear (702).

3. The ash removal device for the flue gas tubes of the biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction components include: The central shaft (21) is movably mounted on the side of the drive frame (16), with a rope control gear (211) mounted at the top and a rope drum (15) mounted in the middle; Wire rope (14) is used to connect the rope drum (15) and the descaling seat (501); The gear ring (27) is installed inside the boiler (1) and meshes with the control rope gear (211) for transmission.

4. The ash removal device for the flue tubes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boiler (1) is equipped with a shock wave soot blowing assembly arranged towards the flue (3). The high-pressure shock wave airflow generated by the shock wave soot blowing assembly blows out the ash that has been broken up inside the flue (3). The descaling seat (501) is blown by the high-pressure shock wave airflow and moves along the guide rod (9) away from the drive frame (16).

5. The ash removal device for the flue tubes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the gear ring (27) is movably mounted on the boiler (1) using a guide rod, and a tension spring is connected between the metal ring block on the guide rod and the boiler (1).

6. The ash removal device for the flue tubes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that, A damping shell (22) is fastened to the boiler (1), and a damping piston (221) is installed inside the damping shell (22) in a sealed manner. The damping piston (221) is fixedly connected to the fork (19), and a spring is provided between the damping piston (221) and the inner side of the damping shell (22). A detection component (26) is fixedly installed at the end of the damping shell (22). The detection component (26) is electrically connected to the electromagnet (30). The electromagnet (30) is fixed on the outer side of the boiler (1) and arranged coaxially with the guide rod on the gear ring (27).

7. The ash removal device for the flue gas tubes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that, A one-way air supply valve (222) for realizing one-way flow of external airflow into the inner cavity of the damping shell (22) is fixedly installed on the damping shell (22). A pressure relief hole (223) is opened on the damping piston (221). A buffer wheel (212) is movably installed at the bottom end of the central shaft (21), and there is one-way transmission between the buffer wheel (212) and the central shaft (21). The outer side of the buffer wheel (212) is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion, and the buffer wheel (212) is located on one side of the damping piston (221); A cleaning tube (502) is fixedly installed at the end of the descaling base (501).

8. The ash removal device for the flue gas tubes of the biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shockwave soot blowing assembly includes: The first shock wave soot blowing (4) is located on one side of the smoke pipe (3); The mixing device (8) has a mixing chamber (28) inside for gas mixing; The ignition device (29) mainly ignites the mixed compressed air and acetylene; Gas distribution control cabinet (25) for controlling ignition device (29) and its associated compressed air electric valve and acetylene electric valve; The mixed explosive gas pipe (20) delivers the mixed gas to the first shock wave soot blowing (4).

9. The ash removal device for the flue tubes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 8, characterized in that, The compressed air source device includes a compressed air source, a pneumatic triplet (12), a pressure gauge (13), and a pressure regulating valve.

10. The ash removal device for the flue tubes of a biomass fuel semi-gasification steam boiler according to claim 8, characterized in that, The acetylene gas source device includes an acetylene cylinder group, an acetylene manifold (18), a flashback device (23), an acetylene pressure gauge, and an acetylene pressure regulating valve.

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