Separating type double-head torpedo anchor device and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a separated type double-head torpedo anchor device and an operation method thereof. The device comprises an anchor rod, a first anchor head movably arranged in an inner cavity of the anchor rod, a second anchor head located below the first anchor head and an anchor chain connected between the first anchor head and the second anchor head. Wherein the second anchor head is detachably installed at the bottom of the anchor rod through a connecting limiting assembly and can be separated from the anchor rod under the reaction force of a seabed soil layer and the external upward pulling force effect after the torpedo anchor is inserted into the seabed soil layer. After the torpedo anchor penetrates into a soil body, the mooring anchor chain is vertically pulled to enable the anchor rod to be separated from the second anchor head, a gap generated in the middle can be covered with silt, and the vertical pulling resistance of the torpedo anchor is greatly improved; through the cooperation effect of the water flowing channel and the tail rotor assembly, water flow drives the tail rotor assembly to rotate in the falling process of the torpedo anchor, the torpedo anchor can be controlled to keep the vertical falling posture, the angle of the torpedo anchor penetrating into the seabed soil layer is close to be vertical, and the horizontal tensile moment of the torpedo anchor can be further increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deep-sea mooring, and particularly relates to a detachable double-headed torpedo anchor device and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] A torpedo anchor is a high-load-bearing mooring system for deep-sea floating structures (such as drilling platforms and floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels). Its design is inspired by the shape and high-speed penetration characteristics of a torpedo. It achieves rapid and reliable anchoring by impacting the seabed at high speed through free fall or a launching device, relying on kinetic energy to penetrate the soil layers.

[0003] Currently, the limitations imposed by the geological conditions at the ocean floor mean that torpedo anchors cannot achieve their expected mooring capabilities by relying solely on the potential energy gained during descent under their own weight.

[0004] To enhance the mooring capability of torpedo anchors, most existing technologies achieve this by modifying the anchor's basic structure. This includes designing blades or propellers at the anchor head or body, or adding expandable, piercing devices inside the anchor body to increase penetration depth. These added structures affect the original anchor's center of gravity and also increase the structural volume by adding external devices, reducing the anchor's hydrodynamic performance and increasing manufacturing costs. In summary, this method of achieving anchoring through structural deformation or sacrificing the original structure does not conform to the economic characteristics of gravity-penetrating anchors. Another technology uses electric motors for secondary anchoring, but in the complex deep-sea environment, the reliability of electric motors is difficult to guarantee, and the mooring capability remains to be investigated. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The first objective of this invention is to provide a detachable double-headed torpedo anchor device that does not damage the original structure and has strong mooring capabilities.

[0006] A second objective of this invention is to provide an operating method for a detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device.

[0007] Technical Solution: This invention discloses a detachable double-headed torpedo anchor device, comprising an anchor rod, a first anchor head movably disposed within the inner cavity of the anchor rod, a second anchor head located below the first anchor head, and an anchor chain connecting the first and second anchor heads. The second anchor head is detachably mounted at the bottom of the anchor rod via a connecting limiting component and can separate from the anchor rod after the torpedo anchor is inserted into the seabed soil due to the reaction force of the seabed soil and the upward external tension. The connecting limiting component includes a frustum-shaped limiting plate fixedly mounted on the top of the second anchor head for supporting the first anchor head, a supporting connector mounted on the anchor rod for supporting the limiting plate and locking the second anchor head onto the anchor rod, and a limiting component movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting column. Multiple second anchor wings, arranged in a ring array and located below the limiting component, are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the second anchor head. During the torpedo anchor insertion into the seabed soil, the limiting component moves above the supporting connector due to the reaction force of the seabed soil and the cooperation of the second anchor wings. Under the action of the external tension, the supporting connector and the limiting component cooperate to release the lock between the second anchor head and the anchor rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the anchor rod is provided with an installation hole for installing a support connector. The support connector includes a fixing plug disposed outside the anchor rod, a first return spring located inside the installation hole and fixedly connected at one end to the fixing plug, and an angled protrusion located inside the anchor rod cavity and fixedly connected to the other end of the first return spring. When the angled protrusion abuts against the bottom end of the limiting plate, it locks the second anchor head onto the anchor rod. When the angled protrusion slides above the limiting plate with the cooperation of the limiting member, it releases the lock between the second anchor head and the anchor rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a limiting ring that is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting column, a crossbeam fixedly installed on the limiting ring, a rotating shaft that is rotatably connected to the crossbeam, a lower folded plate that is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and can fit against the bottom of the crossbeam when the rotating shaft rotates counterclockwise, and an upper folded plate that is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and can fit against the inclined groove at the bottom of the limiting plate when the rotating shaft rotates clockwise.

[0010] Furthermore, the center portion of the limiting plate has a through hole for supporting the first anchor head and allowing the bottom tip of the first anchor head to pass through, and the top of the second anchor head has an anchor chain compartment for storing the anchor chain, and the two ends of the anchor chain are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first anchor head and the inner wall of the anchor chain compartment, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a crushing component disposed in the inner cavity of the anchor bolt and cooperating with the first anchor head to assist the torpedo anchor in inserting into the seabed soil layer; the crushing component includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the anchor bolt, a fixed sleeve fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed plate, a connecting frame fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed sleeve, a transmission gear rotatably installed on the connecting frame, a toothed groove disposed on the outer periphery of the first anchor head and meshing with the transmission gear, a sliding rod fixedly installed on the transmission gear, a sliding sleeve slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the sliding rod, a transmission rod with one end hinged to the sliding sleeve, a limiting slide fixedly connected to the inner wall of the anchor bolt, a slider hinged to the other end of the transmission rod and slidably installed on the limiting slide, and a crushing cone with one end fixedly connected to the slider and the other end extending to the outside of the limiting slide. The anchor bolt has a through hole for the crushing cone to pass through.

[0012] Furthermore, the first anchor head is provided with an auxiliary component to assist its up-and-down movement. The auxiliary component includes multiple telescopic rods arranged parallel to each other and hinged to the first anchor head, as well as a fixed folding plate hinged to the other end of the telescopic rod and fixedly installed on the anchor rod. The fixed sleeve is provided with a through groove for the telescopic rod to pass through.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a grouting assembly disposed within the inner cavity of the anchor bolt and cooperating with the first anchor head to spray high-strength concrete grout stored within the inner cavity of the anchor bolt onto the surrounding soil where the torpedo anchor is inserted; the grouting assembly includes a grout storage chamber disposed inside the anchor bolt for storing high-strength concrete grout, an extrusion plate disposed at the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the grout storage chamber, a guide post passing through the bottom of the grout storage chamber and fixedly installed between the extrusion plate and the first anchor head, and a second return spring surrounding the outer periphery of the guide post; the anchor bolt is provided with a grouting channel communicating with the top of the grout storage chamber for discharging high-strength concrete grout from the anchor bolt.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a tail rotor assembly located at the tail of the anchor bolt. The tail rotor assembly includes a protective shell, a fixing strip fixedly installed on the protective shell and fixedly connected to the anchor bolt at one end, a support frame fixedly installed inside the protective shell, a rotor shaft rotatably connected to the central part of the support frame via a bearing, a rotor blade fixedly installed on the rotor shaft, a hub cap fixedly installed on the end of the rotor shaft away from the anchor bolt, and a traction buckle fixedly installed on the fixing strip.

[0015] Furthermore, the anchor bolt is provided with multiple water flow channels through which water flows, the inlet of the water flow channel is set with a slanted cut to facilitate the entry of seawater, and the outlet of the water flow channel is located at the tail end of the anchor bolt and directly opposite the blade.

[0016] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also discloses an operation method for a detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: After transporting the entire vessel to the destination sea area, connect the first anchor head and the second anchor head with the anchor chain, install the second anchor head at the bottom of the anchor bolt by connecting the limiting component, install the mooring chain of the vessel to be fixed on the towing buckle, fix the towing rope of the ship crane on the towing buckle, and control the ship crane to move the torpedo anchor to the designated position.

[0018] S2: Control the ship's crane to release the torpedo anchor, so that the torpedo anchor falls vertically. During the descent of the torpedo anchor, seawater passes through the water channel and drives the propeller blades to rotate around the propeller shaft.

[0019] S3: During the process of the torpedo anchor being inserted into the seabed soil, the second anchor head moves upward due to the reaction force of the seabed soil. The second anchor wing is supported at the bottom of the limiting component, causing the limiting component to slide upward, so that the limiting component moves upward to squeeze and pass over the angled protrusion. At the same time as the second anchor head moves upward, it drives the first anchor head to move upward. The meshing relationship between the toothed teeth and the transmission gear causes the transmission gear to rotate. The sliding rod, sliding sleeve and transmission rod are linked to cause the slider to slide along the limiting component and move back and forth, so that the crushed stone cone impacts the biogenic rock layer around the torpedo anchor. When the first anchor head moves upward, it drives the guide column and the extrusion plate to move upward synchronously, so that the high-strength concrete slurry inside the slurry storage chamber is sprayed from the grouting channel to the area around the torpedo anchor.

[0020] S4: After the torpedo anchor stops moving after penetrating the seabed, wait for a designated time, then pull the ship's mooring chain upwards. As the anchor rod moves upwards with the beveled protrusion, when the beveled protrusion reaches below the limiting member, it abuts against the lower folding plate, causing the lower folding plate to rotate counterclockwise until it is against the bottom of the crossbeam. This causes the beveled protrusion to move upwards synchronously with the limiting member. When the upper folding plate contacts the limiting plate, the abutment of the groove on the inclined surface of the limiting plate causes both the upper and lower folding plates to rotate clockwise until the upper folding plate is against the groove on the inclined surface of the limiting plate. At this point, the lower folding plate is tilted. The anchor rod continues to move upwards with the beveled protrusion. The beveled protrusion slides along the lower folding plate, passes the pivot, and moves along the inclined surface of the limiting plate, releasing the lock between the second anchor head and the anchor rod. The anchor rod continues to move upwards, separating from the second anchor head and increasing the distance between them, allowing the surrounding soil to fill the space between the anchor rod and the second anchor head.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: After the torpedo anchor penetrates the soil, the vertical pull on the mooring chain causes the anchor rod to separate from the second anchor head. The gap created in the middle is covered by silt, greatly enhancing the vertical pull-out resistance of the torpedo anchor. Furthermore, the anchor wings on the anchor rod and the second anchor head also increase the horizontal tensile moment, which is beneficial to improving the overall mooring capacity. Through the combined action of the water flow channel and the tail rotor assembly, the present invention allows the water flow to drive the tail rotor assembly to rotate during the torpedo anchor's descent, controlling the torpedo anchor to maintain a vertical descent posture, thus ensuring the torpedo anchor... The near-vertical angle at which the torpedo anchor penetrates the seabed effectively increases the horizontal tensile moment of the torpedo anchor. The invention's inclusion of a crushing component allows the crushing cone to break up the surrounding biogenic rock layer as the torpedo anchor penetrates the seabed, reducing resistance and effectively increasing the penetration depth. Furthermore, the shotcrete component discharges high-strength concrete grout from inside the anchor bolt into the surrounding soil layer as the torpedo anchor penetrates, effectively solving the problem of insufficient pull-out bearing capacity caused by traditional torpedo anchors relying solely on their own weight. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the second anchor head of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective shell of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the anchor rod of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow channel and grouting channel of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting slide and slider of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, showing how the angled protrusion drives the limiting member to move upward.

[0032] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the upper folding plate abuts against the limiting plate;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a front view of the second anchor head when it separates from the anchor rod according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention penetrating the seabed soil layer. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] This invention discloses a detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the system includes an anchor bolt 1, a first anchor head 2, a connecting and limiting assembly 3, a second anchor head 4, an anchor chain 5, a limiting component, a breaking assembly, a shotcrete assembly, and a tail rotor assembly. The first anchor head 2 is movably disposed within the inner cavity of the anchor bolt 1. The second anchor head 4 is located below the first anchor head 2 and is detachably mounted on the bottom of the anchor bolt 1 via the connecting and limiting assembly 3. The anchor chain 5 connects the first anchor head 2 and the second anchor head 4. The connecting and limiting assembly 3 includes a limiting plate 7, a support connector, and a limiting component. The limiting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the second anchor head 4, and the top of the second anchor head 4 extends into the inner cavity of the anchor bolt 1. The limiting plate 7 supports the first anchor head 2. The support connector is mounted on the anchor bolt 1 and supports the limiting plate 7. The support connector locks the second anchor head 4 onto the anchor bolt 1. The limiting component is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second anchor head 4. Multiple second anchor wings, arranged in a circular array and located below the limiting component, are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the second anchor head 4. 40. The second anchor wing 40 is used to support the limiting member. The anchor rod 1 has a guide groove 42 that cooperates with the second anchor wing 40. The second anchor wing 40 and the supporting plug are not on the same vertical line. They are staggered to prevent movement interference. After the torpedo anchor is inserted into the seabed soil, the limiting member moves to the top of the supporting plug due to the reaction force of the seabed soil and the cooperation of the second anchor wing 40. Under the action of external tension, the supporting plug and the limiting member cooperate to release the lock between the second anchor head 4 and the anchor rod 1, so that the second anchor head 2 separates from the anchor rod 1. The fracturing component is installed inside the anchor bolt 1 and works with the first anchor head 2 to assist the torpedo anchor in inserting into the seabed soil layer. After the torpedo anchor is inserted into the seabed soil layer, the reaction force of the seabed soil layer causes the second anchor head 4 to drive the first anchor head 2 to move upward. The first anchor head 2 is linked with the fracturing component, which causes the fracturing component to break up hard objects such as rocks in the seabed soil layer, thereby assisting the second anchor head 4 in inserting into the seabed soil layer. The shotcrete component is installed inside the anchor bolt 1 and works with the first anchor head 2 to spray high-strength concrete grout stored in the anchor bolt 1 onto the soil layer where the torpedo anchor is inserted. During the upward movement of the first anchor head 2, the high-strength concrete grout is discharged to the outside of the anchor bolt 1.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the anchor bolt 1 has multiple water flow channels 31 through which water flows. The inlet of the water flow channel 31 is located on the outer periphery of the anchor bolt 1, and the inlet of the water flow channel 31 is set as a beveled opening to facilitate the entry of seawater. The outlet of the water flow channel 31 is located at the tail end of the anchor bolt 1 and is directly opposite the drive component of the tail rotor assembly. Preferably, the water flow channel 31 consists of an arc-shaped section near the inlet and a straight section near the outlet, and the diameter of the straight section is smaller than the diameter of the arc-shaped section. Seawater enters the arc-shaped section through the beveled inlet, and then enters the straight section. Because the pipe diameter is smaller, the speed at which seawater flows out of the straight section can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the water flow driving the tail rotor assembly. The tail rotor assembly includes a protective shell 32, fixing strips 33, a support frame 34, a rotor shaft 35, rotor blades 36, and a traction buckle 38. The fixing strips 33 are fixedly installed on the protective shell 32. Preferably, multiple fixing strips 33 are provided, and the multiple fixing strips 33 are arranged in a ring array. One end of the fixing strip 33 is fixedly connected to the anchor bolt 1. The traction buckle 38 is fixedly installed on the fixing strip 33 and is used to suspend the towing rope, mooring chain, etc. The support frame 34 is fixedly installed inside the protective shell 32. The rotor shaft 35 is rotatably connected to the central part of the support frame 34 through a bearing. The rotor blades 36 are fixedly installed on the rotor shaft 35. The hub cap 37 is fixedly installed on the end of the rotor shaft 35 away from the anchor bolt 1.

[0039] During the descent of a torpedo anchor under gravity penetration, the directional stability of the anchor body is one of the main factors affecting mooring capability. Optimal penetration should ensure the anchor remains as perpendicular to the seabed as possible. This invention, through the design of the water flow channel 31 and the tail rotor assembly, utilizes the water flow generated during descent to drive the rotor blade 36 to rotate. The centrifugal force generated by the rotor blade 36 ensures the stability of the anchor body during descent. During the descent, seawater enters the water flow channel 31 through the inlet. The water flowing out of the channel 31 impacts the rotor blade 36, driving it to rotate and controlling the torpedo anchor to maintain a vertical descent attitude. This ensures the torpedo anchor penetrates the seabed at a near-vertical angle, effectively increasing the horizontal tensile moment and strengthening the torpedo anchor's load-bearing capacity. The centrifugal force generated by the rotor blade 36 moves the torpedo anchor to the designated mooring position, inserting the lower end of the anchor into the designated area. This achieves stability control of the torpedo anchor installation and ensures the verticality of the subsequent penetration into the soil.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the outer periphery of the anchor bolt 1 is fixedly connected with multiple first anchor wings 39 arranged in a circular array. Preferably, the number of first anchor wings 39 is the same as the number of fixing strips 33, the width of the first anchor wings 39 is the same as the width of the fixing strips 33, and the installation positions of the first anchor wings 39 correspond to those of the fixing strips 33, with the installation positions of the first anchor wings 39 and the corresponding fixing strips 33 located on the same straight line. Preferably, the first anchor wings 39 are integrally cut from a steel plate.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second anchor head 4 is configured as a conical structure, and a connecting post 6 extending into the inner cavity of the anchor rod 1 is provided at the top of the second anchor head 4. The second anchor head 4 and the connecting post 6 are integrally formed, and the limiting plate 7 is fixedly installed at the top of the connecting post 6. The limiting plate 7 is configured as a frustum, and the diameter of the limiting plate 7 gradually increases from top to bottom. The diameter of the bottom surface of the limiting plate 7 is larger than the diameter of the connecting post 6. The bottom surface of the limiting plate 7 is provided with a sloping groove that matches the limiting component. The central part of the limiting plate 7 is provided with a through hole for the first anchor head 2, and the top of the second anchor head 4 is provided with an anchor chain compartment 12 for storing the anchor chain 5. The tip of the bottom of the first anchor head 2 extends through the through hole into the anchor chain compartment 12, and the two ends of the anchor chain 5 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first anchor head 2 and the inner wall of the anchor chain compartment 12, respectively. Preferably, the bottom of the first anchor head 2 and the inner wall of the anchor chain compartment 12 are both equipped with anchor shackles for connecting the anchor chain 5. Furthermore, the connecting support connector and the limiting plate 7 cooperate to lock the second anchor head 4 onto the anchor rod 1. During the insertion of the torpedo anchor into the seabed soil, the limiting plate moves above the support connector due to the seabed reaction force and the cooperation of the second anchor wing 40. Under the action of external tension, the support connector and the limiting plate cooperate to release the lock between the second anchor head 4 and the anchor rod 1. An anchor plate 41 with anchor holes is installed at the bottom end of the second anchor head 4. The anchor plate 41 with anchor holes facilitates the subsequent installation of anchor chains, mooring cables, etc. on the anchor plate 41, and facilitates the transportation and handling of the second anchor head 4. After the torpedo anchor penetrates into the soil, the mooring chain attached to the towing buckle 38 is pulled vertically upward to separate the anchor rod 1 from the second anchor head 4. The gap between them will be covered by silt, greatly enhancing the vertical pull-out resistance of the torpedo anchor. A schematic diagram of the separation of the anchor rod 1 and the second anchor head 4 is shown below. Figure 12 As shown; at the same time, the first anchor wing 39 on the anchor bolt 1 and the second anchor wing 40 on the second anchor head 4 increase the horizontal tensile moment of the torpedo anchor, making the torpedo anchor more mooring capable.

[0042] Anchor rod 1 has mounting holes for installing support connectors. The support connectors include a fixing plug 9, a first return spring 10, and an angled protrusion 11. The fixing plug 9 is located on the outside of anchor rod 1, the first return spring 10 is located in the mounting hole of anchor rod 1, and the angled protrusion 11 is located in the inner cavity of anchor rod 1. The two ends of the first return spring 10 are fixedly connected to the fixing plug 9 and the angled protrusion 11, respectively. The inclined surface of the angled protrusion 11 faces the second anchor head 4. When the angled protrusion 11 abuts against the bottom end of the limiting plate 7, it locks the second anchor head 4 onto anchor rod 1. At this time, neither pulling down nor the weight of the second anchor head 4 can separate the second anchor head 4 from anchor rod 1.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the limiting components include a limiting ring 8, a crossbeam 43, an upper folding plate 44, a lower folding plate 45, and a rotating shaft 46. The limiting ring 8 is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting column 6. The crossbeam 43 is fixedly installed on the limiting ring 8. The rotating shaft 46 is rotatably connected to the crossbeam. The upper folding plate 44 and the lower folding plate 45 are both fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 46. The upper folding plate 44 is located above the crossbeam 43, and the lower folding plate 45 is located below the crossbeam 43. When the rotating shaft 46 rotates counterclockwise, the lower folding plate 45 can fit against the bottom of the crossbeam 43. When the rotating shaft 46 rotates clockwise, the upper folding plate 44 can fit against the inclined groove of the limiting plate 7. Under no external force, the lower folding plate 45 and the lower folding plate 44 are symmetrically distributed about the crossbeam 43. During the insertion of the torpedo anchor into the seabed, the limiting member experiences an upward reaction force. Under this reaction force, the second anchor head 4 moves upward along with the second anchor wing 40. The second anchor wing 40 supports the limiting member's upward movement synchronously. Due to the arc-shaped surface of the rotating shaft 46 contacting the angled protrusion 11, the rotating shaft 46 moves along the oblique surface of the angled protrusion 11 and presses against it until the limiting member moves above the supporting connector. After the torpedo anchor inserts into the seabed and stops moving, the mooring cable attached to the towing buckle 38 pulls the anchor rod 1 upward. The supporting connector moves upward synchronously with the anchor rod 1. As the anchor rod 1 moves upward along with the angled protrusion 11, as... Figure 10 As shown, when the angled protrusion 11 moves to below the limiting member, the angled protrusion 11 abuts against the lower folding plate 45, causing the lower folding plate 45 to rotate counterclockwise until the lower folding plate 45 is attached to the bottom of the crossbeam 43, thereby causing the angled protrusion 11 to move upward synchronously with the limiting member; as Figure 11 As shown, when the upper folding plate 44 contacts the limiting plate 7, the upper folding plate 44 and the lower folding plate 45 rotate clockwise due to the abutting action of the inclined groove of the limiting plate 7 until the upper folding plate 44 fits against the inclined groove of the limiting plate 7. At this time, the lower folding plate 45 is tilted. The anchor rod 1 continues to move upward with the angled protrusion 11. The angled protrusion 11 slides along the lower folding plate 45, passes the rotating shaft 46, and moves along the inclined surface of the limiting plate 7, releasing the lock between the second anchor head 4 and the anchor rod 1. The anchor rod 1 continues to move upward, the anchor rod 1 separates from the second anchor head 4 and increases the distance between them, so that the surrounding soil fills the space between the anchor rod 1 and the second anchor head 4.

[0044] like Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the crushing assembly includes a fixed plate 13, a fixed sleeve 14, a connecting frame 15, a transmission gear 16, a sliding rod 47, a sliding sleeve 48, a transmission rod 18, a limiting slide 19, a slider 20, and a crushing cone 21. The fixed plate 13 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the anchor rod 1. The fixed sleeve 14 is located in the inner cavity of the anchor rod 1 and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first anchor rod 2, and the fixed sleeve 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate 13. The connecting frame 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed sleeve 14, and the transmission gear 16 is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame 15. The outer periphery of the first anchor rod 2 is provided with toothed grooves 1. 7. The transmission gear 16 is meshed with the toothed thread 17; the slide rod 47 is fixedly installed on the transmission gear 16, the slide sleeve 48 is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the slide rod 47, one end of the transmission rod 18 is hinged to the slide sleeve 48, the limiting slide 19 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the anchor rod 1, the slider 20 is slidably installed on the limiting slide 19, and the end of the transmission rod 18 away from the transmission gear 16 is hinged to the slider 20; one end of the crushing cone 21 is fixedly connected to the slider 20, and the other end extends to the outside of the limiting slide 19, and the anchor rod 1 has a through hole for the crushing cone 21 to pass through. During the process of the torpedo anchor being inserted into the seabed soil, the second anchor head 4 moves upward due to the reaction force of the seabed soil. The second anchor head 4 drives the first anchor rod 2 to move upward synchronously. During the upward movement of the first anchor rod 2, the toothed 17 drives the transmission gear 16 to rotate. Under the linkage of the transmission rod 18, the slider 20 moves back and forth along the limiting slide 19, which in turn causes the crushing cone 21 to move back and forth with the slider 20 and hammer the surrounding biological rock layer and other hard objects, reducing the resistance of the torpedo anchor to the surrounding soil layer, allowing the torpedo anchor to continue to be inserted into the soil and increasing the effective penetration depth of the torpedo anchor mooring.

[0045] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the shotcrete assembly includes a slurry storage chamber 22, an extrusion plate 23, a guide post 24, and a second return spring 25. The slurry storage chamber 22 is located inside the anchor bolt 1 and is used to store high-strength concrete slurry. The slurry storage chamber 22 is located above the fixing plate 13. The extrusion plate 23 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the slurry storage chamber 22. The bottom of the slurry storage chamber 22 has a through hole for the guide post 24 to pass through. The fixing plate 13 also has a through hole for the guide post 24 to pass through. The top of the guide post 24 is fixedly connected to the extrusion plate 23. After passing through the through holes of the slurry storage chamber 22 and the fixing plate 13, the anchor rod 1 is fixedly connected to the first anchor head 2. The second return spring 25 is arranged around the outer periphery of the guide post 24. The anchor rod 1 is provided with a grouting channel 26 that communicates with the top of the slurry storage chamber 22 and is used to discharge high-strength concrete slurry from the anchor rod 1. The preload of the second return spring 25 ensures that the extrusion plate 23 is at the bottom of the slurry storage chamber 22 when it is not subjected to an upward force, preventing the high-strength concrete slurry from being discharged prematurely when the torpedo anchor falls in the water. Preferably, a gasket 27 for enhancing sealing is installed at the through hole at the bottom of the slurry storage chamber 22. Preferably, the inlet end of the grouting channel 26 is connected to the slurry storage chamber 22, and the four outlet ends of the grouting channel 26 are respectively connected to four water flow channels 31. The high-strength concrete slurry in the slurry storage chamber 22 is discharged from the inlet of the water flow channel 31 after passing through the grouting channel 26. During the insertion of the torpedo anchor into the seabed soil, the second anchor head 4 moves upward due to the reaction force of the seabed soil. The second anchor head 4 drives the first anchor rod 2 to move upward synchronously. The first anchor rod 2 drives the guide column 24 and the extrusion plate 23 to move upward synchronously. This causes the extrusion plate 23 to extrude high-strength concrete slurry in the slurry storage chamber 22. The high-strength concrete slurry is then discharged from the inlet end of the water flow channel 31 through the grouting channel 26 into the soil outside the anchor body 1, increasing the pull-out bearing capacity of the torpedo anchor. During the discharge of the high-strength concrete slurry, the torpedo anchor is located in the seabed soil, and no seawater passes through the water flow channel 31, so it does not affect the normal discharge of the high-strength concrete slurry. During the descent of the torpedo anchor, a small amount of seawater enters the grouting channel 26 through the water flow channel 31, but it does not affect the normal discharge of the high-strength concrete slurry.

[0046] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the first anchor head 2 is provided with auxiliary components to assist its vertical movement. The auxiliary components help improve the stability of the first anchor head 2 during vertical movement and keep the first anchor head 2 in a straight line, preventing the first anchor head 2 from rotating during vertical movement. Preferably, two sets of auxiliary components are provided, and the two sets of auxiliary components are symmetrically distributed about the vertical axis of the first anchor head 2. The auxiliary components include multiple telescopic rods 28 arranged parallel to each other and hinged to the first anchor head 2, and a fixed folding plate 29 hinged to the other end of the telescopic rod 28 and fixedly installed on the anchor rod 1. The fixed sleeve 14 has a through groove 30 for the telescopic rod 28 to pass through.

[0047] During the descent of the torpedo anchor in the water, the water flow channel 31 and tail rotor assembly enhance the stability of the torpedo anchor's vertical descent. As the torpedo anchor penetrates the seabed, the second anchor head 4 is compressed by the soil, causing it to move upwards within the anchor bolt 1, which in turn drives the crushing and shotcreting components, further improving the anchoring capability of the torpedo anchor. After the torpedo anchor stops penetrating the soil, the mooring chain installed on the towing buckle 38 is tightened, separating the anchor bolt 1 from the second anchor head 4. The tightening distance depends on the length of the anchor chain 5 between the anchor bolt 1 and the second anchor head 4. Due to the complex seabed soil conditions, the length of the connecting anchor chain 5 needs to be appropriately adjusted according to the marine conditions and mooring requirements.

[0048] The torpedo anchor of the present invention does not incorporate blades or propellers in the anchor head or body, nor does it add expandable or piercing devices inside the anchor body. This enhances the mooring capability of the torpedo anchor. Because it lacks such structures, the external structure of the torpedo anchor is simple, the construction cost is low, and its pull-out resistance is strong. Furthermore, due to its simple external structure, the torpedo anchor can be easily retrieved using a mooring cable. After retrieval, the second anchor head 4 is inserted from the bottom of the anchor rod 1. The inclined surface of the limiting plate 7 presses against the angled protrusion 11, causing the angled protrusion 11 to slide downwards relative to the limiting plate 7 and abut against the bottom end of the limiting plate 7, thereby locking the second anchor head 4 onto the anchor rod 1.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This invention discloses an operation method for a detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device, such as... Figure 13 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0051] S1: After transporting the entire structure to the destination sea area, connect the first anchor head 2 and the second anchor head 4 via anchor chain 5. Install the second anchor head 4 at the bottom of the anchor rod 1 via the connecting limiting component 3. Install the mooring chain of the vessel to be secured onto the towing buckle 38. Secure the towing rope of the marine crane to the towing buckle 38 and control the marine crane to move the torpedo anchor to the designated position. When the second anchor head 4 is installed at the bottom of the anchor rod 1, the limiting component is supported on the top of the second anchor wing 40 due to its own weight. That is, there is a certain distance between the limiting plate 7 and the limiting component. Extend the connecting post 6 at the top of the second anchor head 4 into the inner cavity of the anchor rod 1 from the bottom of the anchor rod 1 and push the second anchor head 4 upward. Due to the setting of the beveled protrusion 11 and the beveled surface of the limiting plate 7, the limiting plate 7 squeezes the beveled protrusion 11 and moves upward until the beveled protrusion 11 abuts against the bottom of the limiting plate 7. At this time, the supporting connector supports the second anchor head 4 and locks the second anchor head 4 onto the anchor rod 1.

[0052] S2: Control the ship's crane to release the torpedo anchor, allowing it to fall vertically. During the descent, seawater flows through the water channel 31 and drives the propeller blades 36 to rotate around the propeller shaft 35. The water channel 31 guides the seawater, allowing it to enter through the inlet, exit through the outlet, and impact the propeller blades 36, thus driving them to rotate. This controls the torpedo anchor to maintain a vertical descent, ensuring it penetrates the seabed at a near-vertical angle. This effectively increases the horizontal tensile moment, strengthening the anchor's load-bearing capacity. The centrifugal force generated by the propeller blades 36 moves the anchor to the designated mooring position, inserting its lower end into the designated area. This achieves stability control of the torpedo anchor installation, ensuring the verticality of its subsequent penetration into the soil.

[0053] S3: During the process of the torpedo anchor being inserted into the seabed soil, the second anchor head 4 moves upward due to the reaction force of the seabed soil. The second anchor wing 40 is supported at the bottom of the limiting member, causing the limiting member to slide upward, so that the limiting member moves upward and squeezes and passes over the angled protrusion 11. At the same time as the second anchor head 4 moves upward, it drives the first anchor head 2 to move upward. The meshing relationship between the tooth 17 and the transmission gear 16 causes the transmission gear 16 to rotate. The sliding rod 47, the sliding sleeve 48 and the transmission rod 18 are linked to cause the slider 20 to slide back and forth along the limiting member with the crushed stone cone 21, so that the crushed stone cone 21 impacts the biological rock layer around the torpedo anchor. When the first anchor head 2 moves upward, it drives the guide column 24 and the extrusion plate 23 to move upward synchronously, so that the high-strength concrete slurry inside the slurry storage chamber 22 is sprayed from the grouting channel 26 to the area around the torpedo anchor. High-strength concrete grout is sprayed into the soil around the torpedo anchor. After a period of time, as the torpedo anchor continues to penetrate deeper into the soil, the soil above the torpedo anchor forms a more solid mixed soil layer under the solidification effect of the high-strength concrete grout, thus improving the anchoring effect of the entire mooring system.

[0054] During the insertion of the torpedo anchor into the seabed soil, the limiting member is subjected to an upward reaction force. Under the reaction force, the second anchor head 4 moves upward with the second anchor wing 40. The second anchor wing 40 supports the limiting member to move upward synchronously. Due to the arc-shaped surface of the rotating shaft 46 in contact with the angled protrusion 11, the rotating shaft 46 moves along the oblique surface of the angled protrusion 11 and squeezes the angled protrusion until the limiting member moves above the supporting connector.

[0055] During the process of the torpedo anchor being inserted into the seabed soil, the second anchor head 4 moves upward due to the reaction force of the seabed soil. The second anchor head 4 drives the first anchor rod 2 to move upward synchronously. During the upward movement of the first anchor rod 2, the toothed 17 drives the transmission gear 16 to rotate. Under the linkage of the transmission rod 18, the slider 20 moves back and forth along the limiting slide 19, which in turn causes the crushing cone 21 to move back and forth with the slider 20 and hammer the surrounding biological rock layer and other hard objects, reducing the resistance of the torpedo anchor to the surrounding soil layer, allowing the torpedo anchor to continue to be inserted into the soil and increasing the effective penetration depth of the torpedo anchor mooring.

[0056] During the process of the torpedo anchor being inserted into the seabed soil, the second anchor head 4 moves upward due to the reaction force of the seabed soil. The second anchor head 4 drives the first anchor rod 2 to move upward synchronously. The first anchor rod 2 drives the guide column 24 and the extrusion plate 23 to move upward synchronously. This causes the extrusion plate 23 to extrude the high-strength concrete grout in the grout storage chamber 22, allowing the high-strength concrete grout to be discharged from the grouting channel 26 into the soil outside the anchor body 1, thereby increasing the pull-out bearing capacity of the torpedo anchor.

[0057] S4: After the torpedo anchor stops moving after penetrating the seabed, it pulls the ship's mooring chain upwards. As the anchor bolt 1 moves upwards with the angled protrusion 11, when the angled protrusion 11 moves below the limiting member, it abuts against the lower folding plate 45, causing the lower folding plate 45 to rotate counterclockwise until it is against the bottom of the crossbeam 43. This causes the angled protrusion 11 to move upwards synchronously with the limiting member. When the upper folding plate 44 contacts the limiting plate 7, the abutting action of the inclined groove of the limiting plate 7 causes the upper folding plate 44 and the lower folding plate 45 to rotate clockwise until the upper folding plate 44 rotates counterclockwise. Plate 44 fits into the inclined groove at the bottom of the limiting plate 7, at which point the lower folding plate 45 is tilted. Anchor rod 1, carrying the angled protrusion 11, continues to move upwards. The angled protrusion 11 slides along the lower folding plate 45, passes the pivot 46, and moves along the inclined surface of the limiting plate 7, releasing the lock between the second anchor head 4 and anchor rod 1. During the sliding of the angled protrusion 11 along the lower folding plate 45, the first return spring 10 contracts. Anchor rod 1 continues to move upwards, separating from the second anchor head 4 and increasing the distance between them, allowing the surrounding soil to fill the space between anchor rod 1 and the second anchor head 4. The distance the mooring chain is pulled upwards depends on the length of the anchor chain 5 between anchor rod 1 and the second anchor head 4. Due to the complex seabed soil conditions, the length of the connecting anchor chain 5 needs to be appropriately adjusted according to the sea area conditions and mooring requirements.

Claims

1. A detachable double-headed torpedo anchor device, characterized in that: The system includes an anchor bolt (1), a first anchor head (2) movably disposed within the cavity of the anchor bolt (1), a second anchor head (4) located below the first anchor head (2), and an anchor chain (5) connecting the first anchor head (2) and the second anchor head (4). The second anchor head (4) is detachably installed at the bottom of the anchor bolt (1) via a connecting limiting component (3) and can separate from the anchor bolt (1) after the torpedo anchor is inserted into the seabed soil due to the reaction force of the seabed soil and the upward external tension. The connecting limiting component (3) includes a frustum-shaped limiting component fixedly installed on the top of the second anchor head (4) and used to support the first anchor head (2). The plate (7), the support plug installed on the anchor rod (1) to support the limiting plate (7) and lock the second anchor head (4) on the anchor rod (1), and the limiting member movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting column (6) are provided. The outer periphery of the second anchor head (4) is fixedly connected with multiple second anchor wings (40) distributed in a ring array and located below the limiting member. During the process of the torpedo anchor being inserted into the seabed soil layer, the limiting member moves to the top of the support plug due to the reaction force of the seabed soil and the cooperation of the second anchor wing (40). Under the action of external tension, the support plug and the limiting member cooperate to release the lock between the second anchor head (4) and the anchor rod (1).

2. The detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod (1) is provided with an installation hole for installing a support connector. The support connector includes a fixing plug (9) disposed outside the anchor rod (1), a first return spring (10) located inside the installation hole and fixedly connected to the fixing plug (9) at one end, and an angled protrusion (11) located inside the anchor rod (1) and fixedly connected to the other end of the first return spring (10). When the angled protrusion (11) abuts against the bottom end of the limiting plate (7), it locks the second anchor head (4) onto the anchor rod (1). When the angled protrusion (11) slides above the limiting plate (7) with the cooperation of the limiting member, it releases the lock between the second anchor head (4) and the anchor rod (1).

3. The detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a limiting ring (8) that is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting column (6), a crossbeam (43) fixedly installed on the limiting ring (8), a rotating shaft (46) rotatably connected to the crossbeam, a lower folding plate (45) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (46) and able to fit against the bottom of the crossbeam (43) when the rotating shaft (46) rotates counterclockwise, and an upper folding plate (44) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (46) and able to fit against the inclined groove at the bottom of the limiting plate (7) when the rotating shaft (46) rotates clockwise.

4. The detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center portion of the limiting plate (7) has a through hole for supporting the first anchor head (2) and allowing the bottom tip of the first anchor head (2) to pass through. The top of the second anchor head (4) has an anchor chain compartment (12) for storing the anchor chain (5). The two ends of the anchor chain (5) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first anchor head (2) and the inner wall of the anchor chain compartment (12), respectively.

5. The detachable double-headed torpedo anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a breaking assembly disposed in the inner cavity of the anchor bolt (1) and cooperating with the first anchor head (2) to assist the torpedo anchor in inserting into the seabed soil layer; the breaking assembly includes a fixing plate (13) fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the anchor bolt (1), a fixing sleeve (14) fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixing plate (13), a connecting frame (15) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing sleeve (14), a transmission gear (16) rotatably installed on the connecting frame (15), a tooth pattern (17) disposed on the outer periphery of the first anchor head (2) and meshing with the transmission gear (16), and a tooth pattern (17) fixedly installed on the transmission tooth pattern. The wheel (16) has a sliding rod (47), a sliding sleeve (48) that is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the sliding rod (47), a transmission rod (18) that is hinged to the sliding sleeve (48) at one end, a limiting slide (19) that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the anchor rod (1), a slider (20) that is hinged to the other end of the transmission rod (18) and slidably installed on the limiting slide (19), and a stone crushing cone (21) that is fixedly connected to the slider (20) at one end and extends to the outside of the limiting slide (19) at the other end. The anchor rod (1) has a through hole for the stone crushing cone (21) to pass through.

6. The detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first anchor head (2) is provided with an auxiliary component to assist its up and down movement. The auxiliary component includes multiple telescopic rods (28) that are arranged parallel to each other and hinged to the first anchor head (2) and a fixed folding plate (29) that is hinged to the other end of the telescopic rod (28) and fixedly installed on the anchor rod (1). The fixed sleeve (14) is provided with a through groove (30) for the telescopic rod (28) to pass through.

7. The detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a grouting assembly disposed in the inner cavity of the anchor rod (1) and cooperating with the first anchor head (2) to spray high-strength concrete slurry stored in the inner cavity of the anchor rod (1) onto the surrounding soil where the torpedo anchor is inserted; the grouting assembly includes a slurry storage chamber (22) disposed inside the anchor rod (1) for storing high-strength concrete slurry, an extrusion plate (23) disposed at the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the slurry storage chamber (22), a guide post (24) passing through the bottom of the slurry storage chamber (22) and fixedly installed between the extrusion plate (23) and the first anchor head (2), and a second return spring (25) surrounding the outer periphery of the guide post (24); the anchor rod (1) is provided with a grouting channel (26) communicating with the top of the slurry storage chamber (22) and used to discharge high-strength concrete slurry from the anchor rod (1).

8. The detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tail rotor assembly located at the tail of the anchor rod (1). The tail rotor assembly includes a protective shell (32), a fixing strip (33) fixedly installed on the protective shell (32) and fixedly connected at one end to the anchor rod (1), a support frame (34) fixedly installed inside the protective shell (32), a propeller shaft (35) rotatably connected to the center part of the support frame (34) via a bearing, a propeller blade (36) fixedly installed on the propeller shaft (35), a hub cap (37) fixedly installed on the end of the propeller shaft (35) away from the anchor rod (1), and a traction buckle (38) fixedly installed on the fixing strip (33).

9. The detachable dual-headed torpedo anchor device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anchor (1) is provided with multiple water channels (31) through which water flows. The inlet of the water channel (31) is set as a slanted cut to facilitate the entry of seawater, and the outlet of the water channel (31) is located at the tail end of the anchor (1) and directly opposite the blade (36).

10. A method for operating a detachable double-headed torpedo anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: After transporting the whole to the destination sea area, connect the first anchor head (2) and the second anchor head (4) through the anchor chain (5), install the second anchor head (4) at the bottom of the anchor bolt (1) through the connecting limit component (3), install the mooring chain of the ship that needs to be fixed on the towing buckle (38), fix the towing rope of the ship crane on the towing buckle (38), and control the ship crane to move the torpedo anchor to the designated position; S2: Control the ship's crane to release the torpedo anchor, so that the torpedo anchor falls vertically. During the fall of the torpedo anchor, seawater passes through the water channel (31) and drives the propeller blade (36) to rotate around the propeller shaft (35). S3: During the process of the torpedo anchor being inserted into the seabed soil, the second anchor head (4) moves upward due to the reaction force of the seabed soil. The second anchor wing (40) is supported at the bottom of the limiting member and drives the limiting member to slide upward, so that the limiting member moves upward and squeezes and passes over the angled protrusion (11). At the same time as the second anchor head (4) moves upward, it drives the first anchor head (2) to move upward. The meshing relationship between the tooth pattern (17) and the transmission gear (16) causes the transmission gear (16) to rotate. The sliding rod (47), the sliding sleeve (48) and the transmission rod (18) are linked accordingly, so that the slider (20) carries the crushed stone cone (21) to slide back and forth along the limiting, so that the crushed stone cone (21) impacts the biological rock layer around the torpedo anchor. When the first anchor head (2) moves upward, it drives the guide column (24) and the extrusion plate (23) to move upward synchronously, so that the high-strength concrete slurry inside the slurry storage chamber (22) is sprayed from the grouting channel (26) to the area around the torpedo anchor. S4: After the torpedo anchor stops moving after penetrating the seabed soil, wait for a designated time and pull the ship's mooring chain upwards. As the anchor bolt (1) moves upwards with the angled protrusion (11), when the angled protrusion (11) moves to below the limiting member, the angled protrusion (11) abuts against the lower folding plate (45), causing the lower folding plate (45) to rotate counterclockwise until the lower folding plate (45) is attached to the bottom of the crossbeam (43), thus causing the angled protrusion (11) to move upwards synchronously with the limiting member; when the upper folding plate (44) contacts the limiting plate (7), the abutting action of the inclined groove of the limiting plate (7) causes the upper folding plate (44) and The lower folding plate (45) rotates clockwise until the upper folding plate (44) fits against the inclined groove at the bottom of the limiting plate (7). At this time, the lower folding plate (45) is tilted. The anchor rod (1) continues to move upward with the angled protrusion (11). The angled protrusion (11) slides along the lower folding plate (45), passes the rotating shaft (46), and moves along the inclined surface of the limiting plate (7), releasing the lock between the second anchor head (4) and the anchor rod (1). The anchor rod (1) continues to move upward, and the anchor rod (1) separates from the second anchor head (4) and increases the distance between them, so that the surrounding soil fills the space between the anchor rod (1) and the second anchor head (4).

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