Automatic coal mining device and mining method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining equipment, and discloses an automatic coal mining device and a mining method thereof.The automatic coal mining device comprises a mining vehicle body, a walking mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the mining vehicle body, a layer breaking mechanism is arranged at one end of the upper side of the mining vehicle body, and a collecting mechanism and a crushing mechanism are arranged on the lower portion of the mining vehicle body; the crushing mechanism is in driving connection with the collecting mechanism and the crushing mechanism through a cooperation mechanism, a conveying mechanism is arranged at the end, opposite to the layer breaking mechanism, of the mining vehicle body, and the power source and control system is arranged on the mining vehicle body. The coal mining robot has the beneficial effects that the functions of walking, rock breaking, collecting, crushing and conveying are integrated, the coal mining robot is controlled by a unified control system and a power source, whole-course automatic operation of coal mining is achieved, manual intervention is reduced, and the coal mining robot is particularly suitable for the severe underground environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of coal mining equipment, specifically to an automated coal mining apparatus and its mining method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, underground coal mining mainly uses fully mechanized mining equipment. This equipment is typically large, complex in structure, and has high investment costs, and it also has certain requirements regarding the mining environment. Large fully mechanized mining equipment is not suitable for some small and medium-sized coal mines, special geological conditions, or situations requiring tunnel excavation and recovery of marginal coal.

[0003] In existing technologies, there are some small mining or tunneling machines that typically have crushing and collection functions. However, these devices are often single-function, with poor coordination between crushing, collection, and conveying processes, resulting in low efficiency. For example, large pieces of coal and rock broken by the rock-breaking mechanism may require additional crushing steps; otherwise, blockages can easily occur during collection or conveying, affecting the efficiency of continuous mining operations. Furthermore, multiple mechanisms are driven by independent power sources, leading to high energy consumption, complex control systems, and an increased number of potential failure points.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an integrated mining device that is compact, highly automated, and capable of coordinating rock breaking, collection, crushing, and conveying operations to improve the efficiency and adaptability of coal mining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a coal mining device and method with a high degree of automation, coordinated operation of various mechanisms, effective crushing of large coal and rock blocks, and prevention of blockage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application adopts the following technical solution: An automated coal mining device includes a mining vehicle body, a traveling mechanism at the lower part of the mining vehicle body, a layer-breaking mechanism at one end of the upper side of the mining vehicle body, a collecting mechanism and a crushing mechanism at the lower part of the mining vehicle body, the crushing mechanism being driven and connected to the collecting mechanism and the crushing mechanism through a coordinating mechanism, a conveying mechanism at one end of the mining vehicle body opposite to the layer-breaking mechanism, and a power supply and control system installed on the mining vehicle body.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution: the mining vehicle body serves as the loading body, which is used to install the various mechanisms mentioned above. The layer-breaking mechanism is used to drill through the coal seam. At the same time, the layer-breaking mechanism can drive the collecting mechanism to extend synchronously through the cooperating mechanism to collect coal blocks. It can also drive the crushing mechanism to reciprocate and crush the coal blocks. Then, the coal blocks are transferred to the coal car through the conveying mechanism. This application integrates the functions of walking, rock breaking, collecting, crushing and conveying into one, controlled by a unified control system and power supply, realizing the fully automated operation of coal mining, reducing manual intervention, and is particularly suitable for harsh underground environments.

[0008] Furthermore, the traveling mechanism includes a bridge frame disposed at the lower part of the mining vehicle body, and a drive assembly is provided at the bottom of the bridge frame, the drive assembly driving and connecting to the traveling wheels disposed at the lower end of the bridge frame.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive component can drive the wheels to rotate, thereby moving the entire mining vehicle body, which facilitates the mining of coal seams.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a bridge housing mounted on the bridge frame and a drive motor. The bridge housing is driven and connected to the walking wheels, and the drive motor is electrically connected to the power supply and the control system.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the power supply provides power to the drive motor and the layer-breaking mechanism, wherein both the drive motor and the layer-breaking mechanism are electrically connected to the control system, which facilitates unified control.

[0012] Furthermore, the layer-breaking mechanism includes a positioning plate mounted on the mining vehicle body and a mounting plate slidably mounted on the mining vehicle body. An active layer-breaking drill rod and multiple driven layer-breaking drill rods are rotatably connected to the mounting plate. The active layer-breaking drill rod and the multiple driven layer-breaking drill rods pass through the positioning plate, and each end is provided with a drilling tip. The active layer-breaking drill rod is driven by a motor on the other side of the mounting plate. The multiple driven layer-breaking drill rods are connected to the active layer-breaking drill rod through a synchronous belt. The mechanism also includes a pusher that pushes the mounting plate to slide along the mining vehicle body.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the pusher is electrically connected to the power supply and control system. An electric push rod can be used. By pushing the pusher, the mounting plate can be gradually moved closer to the positioning plate, thereby pushing the active and passive layer-breaking drill rods to continuously drill into the coal seam. At the same time, the active layer-breaking drill rod is driven to rotate by the motor. The active layer-breaking drill rod drives multiple passive layer-breaking drill rods to rotate through the synchronous belt, which facilitates drilling into the coal seam for layer breaking and improves mining efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the collecting mechanism includes a coal collecting hopper, the bottom wall of which gradually slopes down from one side of the positioning plate to the other side of the mining vehicle body. A sliding plate is provided at the bottom of the coal collecting hopper, a support plate is provided on the bridge frame, and a groove is provided on the support plate. The lower end of the sliding plate is slidably disposed in the groove. The conveying mechanism includes a belt conveyor assembly or a screw conveyor assembly connected to the lower end of the coal collecting hopper.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution: during the process of the active and driven drilling rods gradually drilling into the coal seam, the coal collection bucket also gradually approaches the coal seam through the drive of the coordinating mechanism, facilitating the falling of the broken coal blocks into the coal collection bucket. Through the cooperation of the sliding plate and the chute, the coal collection bucket can reciprocate under the drive of the coordinating mechanism. Driven by the coordinating mechanism, the crushing mechanism also reciprocates, crushing the coal blocks inside the coal collection bucket. Afterwards, the coal is transferred to a coal car via a conveying mechanism. Through the ingenious design of the coordinating mechanism, only the reciprocating motion of the breaking mechanism is used as a single power source to simultaneously drive the swinging motion of the collection mechanism and the hammering action of the crushing mechanism. This achieves multi-purpose functionality, greatly simplifies the mechanical structure and hydraulic / electrical system, reduces manufacturing costs and failure rates, and improves energy utilization efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes a retaining cover disposed at the lower end of the mining vehicle body. The retaining cover is provided with multiple springs. One end of each spring is fixed to the lower side of the mining vehicle body, and the other end is connected to a connecting block. The lower part of the connecting block is connected to a crushing block. The connecting block is connected to a cooperating mechanism through a guide rod. The side wall of the retaining cover is provided with a groove, and the guide rod is slidably disposed inside the groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the coordinating mechanism includes a pushing component that drives the coal collecting hopper to move synchronously with the mounting plate, and a triggering component that actuates the movement of the crushed blocks.

[0018] Furthermore, the pushing assembly includes a pushing rod connected to the mounting plate, the mining vehicle body is provided with a limiting groove, the upper end of the pushing rod passes through the limiting groove and is connected to the mounting plate, and the lower end of the pushing rod is connected to the bottom of the coal collecting hopper.

[0019] Furthermore, the actuation assembly includes an actuating block disposed on the push rod and a driven block connected to the guide rod. The actuating block has an upward actuating inclined surface, and the driven block has a driven inclined surface that cooperates with the actuating inclined surface.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution: when the mounting plate moves on the mining vehicle, the push rod can drive the coal collection bucket to move back and forth, moving synchronously with the active and driven layer-breaking drill rods, which facilitates the collection of coal blocks. At the same time, when the push rod returns to its original position, the contact block pushes the driven block upward, and the connecting block follows upward, compressing multiple springs to store energy. Afterward, the push rod can quickly return to its original position, the contact block and the driven block disengage, and under the elastic force of the spring, the crushing block descends rapidly, hammering the coal block and thus crushing it.

[0021] A second aspect of this application provides an automated coal mining method, utilizing the aforementioned automated coal mining apparatus, comprising the following steps: The control system drives the mining vehicle to approach the coal strata to be mined. The control system controls the breaking mechanism to reciprocate to drill through the strata, breaking them and allowing them to enter the collection mechanism. The reciprocating breaking mechanism drives the crushing mechanism to repeatedly hammer the coal blocks, breaking them up. The coal blocks in the collection mechanism are then transported to the coal transport vehicle by the conveying mechanism.

[0022] The working principle and beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. The mining vehicle body serves as the loading body, used to install the aforementioned mechanisms. The layer-breaking mechanism is used to drill through the coal seam. Simultaneously, the layer-breaking mechanism can drive the collecting mechanism to extend synchronously through a cooperating mechanism to collect coal blocks. It can also drive the crushing mechanism to reciprocate and crush the coal blocks. Afterward, the coal blocks are transferred to the coal car through the conveying mechanism. This application integrates the functions of walking, rock breaking, collecting, crushing, and conveying into one unit, controlled by a unified control system and power supply, realizing fully automated operation of coal mining, reducing manual intervention, and is particularly suitable for harsh underground environments.

[0023] 2. During the process of the active and driven drilling rods gradually penetrating the coal seam, the coal collection bucket, driven by the coordinating mechanism, also gradually approaches the coal seam, facilitating the falling of the broken coal blocks into the collection bucket. Through the cooperation of the sliding plate and the chute, the coal collection bucket can reciprocate under the drive of the coordinating mechanism. Driven by the coordinating mechanism, the crushing mechanism also reciprocates, crushing the coal blocks inside the collection bucket. The coal is then transferred to a coal car via a conveying mechanism. Through the ingenious design of the coordinating mechanism, the single power source—the reciprocating motion of the breaking mechanism—simultaneously drives the swinging motion of the collection mechanism and the hammering action of the crushing mechanism. This achieves multi-functionality, greatly simplifying the mechanical structure and hydraulic / electrical system, reducing manufacturing costs and failure rates, and improving energy utilization efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 Examples of embodiments of this application Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a side view of the crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a top view of the mining vehicle body according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] The features in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: 100. Mining vehicle body; 110. Limiting channel; 200. Traveling mechanism; 210. Bridge frame; 220. Drive assembly; 230. Traveling wheels; 300. Layer-breaking mechanism; 310. Positioning plate; 320. Mounting plate; 330. Active layer-breaking drill rod; 340. Driven layer-breaking drill rod; 350. Drill tip; 360. Motor; 370. Pushing component; 380. Vertical plate; 390. Transmission frame; 400. Collection mechanism; 410. Coal 420. Carbon collection hopper; 430. Sliding plate; 440. Support plate; 500. Slide chute; 510. Crushing mechanism; 520. Holding cover; 530. Spring; 540. Connecting block; 550. Crushing block; 560. Guide rod; 600. Groove; 610. Coordinating mechanism; 620. Push rod; 630. Actuating block; 640. Actuating inclined surface; 650. Actuating inclined surface; 700. Conveying mechanism; 800. Power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figures 1-4 The first aspect of this embodiment provides an automated coal mining device, including a mining vehicle body 100. The lower part of the mining vehicle body 100 is provided with a traveling mechanism 200. One upper end of the mining vehicle body 100 is provided with a layer-breaking mechanism 300. The lower part of the mining vehicle body 100 is provided with a collecting mechanism 400 and a crushing mechanism 500. The crushing mechanism 500 is driven and connected to the collecting mechanism 400 and the crushing mechanism 500 through a coordinating mechanism 600. One end of the mining vehicle body 100 opposite to the layer-breaking mechanism 300 is provided with a conveying mechanism 700. The device also includes a power supply 800 and a control system installed on the mining vehicle body 100.

[0029] The basic principle of this embodiment is as follows: the mining vehicle body 100 serves as the loading body for installing the aforementioned mechanisms. The layer-breaking mechanism 300 is used to drill through the coal seam. At the same time, the layer-breaking mechanism 300 can drive the collecting mechanism 400 to extend synchronously through the cooperating mechanism 600 to collect coal blocks. It can also drive the crushing mechanism 500 to reciprocate and crush the coal blocks. Then, the coal blocks are transferred to the coal car through the conveying mechanism 700. This application integrates the functions of walking, rock breaking, collecting, crushing, and conveying into one unit, controlled by a unified control system and power supply 800. This realizes the fully automated operation of coal mining, reduces manual intervention, and is particularly suitable for harsh underground environments.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment, the traveling mechanism 200 includes a bridge frame 210 disposed at the lower part of the mining vehicle body 100. A drive assembly 220 is provided at the bottom of the bridge frame 210, and the drive assembly 220 drives and connects to the traveling wheels 230 disposed at the lower end of the bridge frame 210. The drive assembly 220 drives the traveling wheels 230 to rotate, thereby moving the entire mining vehicle body 100 to facilitate the mining of coal seams.

[0031] In this embodiment, the drive assembly 220 includes a bridge housing mounted on the bridge frame 210 and a drive motor 360. The bridge housing drives and connects to the traveling wheels 230, and the drive motor 360 is electrically connected to the power supply 800 and the control system. The power supply 800 provides power to the drive motor 360 and the layer-breaking mechanism 300, both of which are electrically connected to the control system for unified control.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment, the layer-breaking mechanism 300 includes a positioning plate 310 disposed on the mining vehicle body 100 and an mounting plate 320 slidably disposed on the mining vehicle body 100. An active layer-breaking drill rod 330 and a plurality of driven layer-breaking drill rods 340 are rotatably connected to the mounting plate 320. The active layer-breaking drill rod 330 and the plurality of driven layer-breaking drill rods 340 pass through the positioning plate 310, and each end is provided with a drilling tip 350. The active layer-breaking drill rod 330 is driven and connected to a motor 360 on the other side of the mounting plate 320. The plurality of driven layer-breaking drill rods 340 are connected to the active layer-breaking drill rod 330 through a synchronous belt. The mechanism also includes a pusher 370 that pushes the mounting plate 320 to slide along the mining vehicle body 100. A vertical plate 380 is disposed on the mining vehicle body 100 near the side wall of the power supply 800. The pusher 370 is mounted on the vertical plate 380. The output rod of the pusher 370 is connected to the mounting plate 320 through a transmission frame 390.

[0033] The pusher 370 is electrically connected to the power supply 800 and the control system. It can be an electric push rod or the like. By pushing the pusher 370, the mounting plate 320 can be gradually moved closer to the positioning plate 310, thereby pushing the active layer-breaking drill rod 330 and the driven layer-breaking drill rod 340 to continuously drill into the coal seam. At the same time, the motor 360 drives the active layer-breaking drill rod 330 to rotate. The active layer-breaking drill rod 330 drives multiple driven layer-breaking drill rods 340 to rotate through the synchronous belt, which facilitates drilling into the coal seam for layer breaking and improves mining efficiency.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment, the collecting mechanism 400 includes a coal collecting hopper 410. The bottom wall of the coal collecting hopper 410 gradually decreases from one side of the positioning plate 310 to the other side of the mining vehicle body 100. A sliding plate 420 is provided at the bottom of the coal collecting hopper 410. A support plate 430 is provided on the bridge frame 210. A groove 440 is provided on the support plate 430. The lower end of the sliding plate 420 is slidably disposed in the groove 440. The conveying mechanism 700 includes a belt conveyor assembly or a screw conveyor assembly connected to the lower end of the coal collecting hopper 410.

[0035] As the active and driven drilling rods 330 and 340 gradually penetrate the coal seam, the coal collecting hopper 410, driven by the coordinating mechanism 600, also gradually approaches the coal seam. This facilitates the falling of coal chunks after the seam is broken into the coal collecting hopper 410. Through the cooperation of the sliding plate 420 and the chute 440, the coal collecting hopper 410 can reciprocate under the drive of the coordinating mechanism 600. Driven by the coordinating mechanism 600, the crushing mechanism 500 also reciprocates, crushing the coal chunks inside the coal collecting hopper 410. The coal is then transferred to a coal car via the conveying mechanism 700. Through the ingenious design of the coordinating mechanism 600, the single power source of the reciprocating motion of the seam breaking mechanism 300 simultaneously drives the swinging motion of the collecting mechanism 400 and the hammering action of the crushing mechanism 500. This achieves multi-functionality, greatly simplifies the mechanical structure and hydraulic / electrical system, reduces manufacturing costs and failure rates, and improves energy utilization efficiency.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism 500 includes a retaining cover 510 disposed at the lower end of the mining vehicle body 100. The retaining cover 510 is provided with a plurality of springs 520. One end of each spring 520 is fixed to the lower side of the mining vehicle body 100, and the other end is connected to a connecting block 530. The lower part of the connecting block 530 is connected to a crushing block 540. The connecting block 530 is connected to the cooperating mechanism 600 through a guide rod 550. The side wall of the retaining cover 510 is provided with a groove 560, and the guide rod 550 is slidably disposed inside the groove 560.

[0037] Reference Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the coordinating mechanism 600 includes a pushing component that drives the coal collecting hopper 410 to move synchronously with the mounting plate 320, and a triggering component that triggers the movement of the crushed block 540.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pushing component includes a pushing rod 610 connected to the mounting plate 320. The mining vehicle body 100 is provided with a limiting groove 110. The upper end of the pushing rod 610 passes through the limiting groove 110 and is connected to the mounting plate 320. The lower end of the pushing rod 610 is connected to the bottom of the coal collection hopper 410.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, the triggering component includes a triggering block 620 disposed on the push rod 610 and a driven block 630 connected to the guide rod 550. The triggering block 620 is provided with an upward triggering inclined surface 640, and the driven block 630 is provided with a driven inclined surface 650 that cooperates with the triggering inclined surface 640.

[0040] When the mounting plate 320 moves on the mining vehicle body 100, the push rod 610 can drive the coal collection bucket 410 to move back and forth, moving synchronously with the active layer-breaking drill rod 330 and the driven layer-breaking drill rod 340, which facilitates the collection of coal blocks. At the same time, when the push rod 610 returns to its original position, the actuating block 620 pushes the driven block 630 to move upward, and the connecting block 530 moves upward as well, compressing multiple springs 520 to store energy. After that, the push rod 610 can quickly return to its original position, and the actuating block 620 and the driven block 630 disengage. Under the elastic force of the spring 520, the crushing block 540 descends rapidly and hammers the coal blocks, thereby crushing the coal blocks.

[0041] A second aspect of this application provides an automated coal mining method, utilizing the aforementioned automated coal mining apparatus, comprising the following steps: The control system drives the mining vehicle 100 to approach the coal strata to be mined. The control system controls the layer-breaking mechanism 300 to reciprocate and drill through the strata, so that the strata are broken and enter the collection mechanism 400. The reciprocating layer-breaking mechanism 300 drives the crushing mechanism 500 to reciprocate and hammer the coal blocks, breaking the coal blocks in the collection mechanism 400. Then, the coal blocks are transferred to the coal transport vehicle by the conveying mechanism 700.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated coal mining device, characterized in that, The device includes a mining vehicle body (100), a walking mechanism (200) at the lower part of the mining vehicle body (100), a layer-breaking mechanism (300) at one end of the upper side of the mining vehicle body (100), a collecting mechanism (400) and a crushing mechanism (500) at the lower part of the mining vehicle body (100), the crushing mechanism (500) being driven and connected to the collecting mechanism (400) and the crushing mechanism (500) through a coordinating mechanism (600), a conveying mechanism (700) at one end of the mining vehicle body (100) relative to the layer-breaking mechanism (300), and a power supply (800) and a control system installed on the mining vehicle body (100).

2. The automated coal mining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The walking mechanism (200) includes a bridge (210) located at the lower part of the mining vehicle body (100), and a drive assembly (220) is provided at the bottom of the bridge (210). The drive assembly (220) drives the walking wheels (230) located at the lower end of the bridge (210).

3. The automated coal mining device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly (220) includes a bridge box mounted on a bridge frame (210) and a drive motor (360). The bridge box drives and connects to the walking wheels (230), and the drive motor (360) is electrically connected to a power supply (800) and a control system.

4. An automated coal mining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layer-breaking mechanism (300) includes a positioning plate (310) mounted on the mining vehicle body (100) and an mounting plate (320) slidably mounted on the mining vehicle body (100). An active layer-breaking drill rod (330) and a plurality of driven layer-breaking drill rods (340) are rotatably connected to the mounting plate (320). The active layer-breaking drill rod (330) and the plurality of driven layer-breaking drill rods (340) are inserted into the positioning plate (310), and each end is provided with a drilling tip (350). The active layer-breaking drill rod (330) is driven and connected to a motor (360) on the other side of the mounting plate (320). The plurality of driven layer-breaking drill rods (340) are connected to the active layer-breaking drill rod (330) through a synchronous belt. The mechanism also includes a pusher (370) that pushes the mounting plate (320) to slide along the mining vehicle body (100).

5. An automated coal mining apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collecting mechanism (400) includes a coal collecting hopper (410), the bottom wall of which gradually slopes down from one side of the positioning plate (310) to the other side of the mining vehicle body (100). A sliding plate (420) is provided at the bottom of the coal collecting hopper (410), a support plate (430) is provided on the bridge frame (210), and a groove (440) is provided on the support plate (430). The lower end of the sliding plate (420) is slidably disposed in the groove (440). The conveying mechanism (700) includes a belt conveyor assembly or a screw conveyor assembly connected to the lower end of the coal collecting hopper (410).

6. An automated coal mining apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism (500) includes a retaining cover (510) disposed at the lower end of the mining vehicle body (100). The retaining cover (510) is provided with multiple springs (520). One end of each spring (520) is fixed to the lower side of the mining vehicle body (100), and the other end is connected to a connecting block (530). The lower part of the connecting block (530) is connected to a crushing block (540). The connecting block (530) is connected to the cooperating mechanism (600) through a guide rod (550). The side wall of the retaining cover (510) is provided with a groove (560), and the guide rod (550) is slidably disposed inside the groove (560).

7. An automated coal mining apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The coordinating mechanism (600) includes a pushing component that drives the coal collecting hopper (410) to move synchronously with the mounting plate (320) and a triggering component that triggers the movement of the crushed block (540).

8. An automated coal mining apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pushing assembly includes a pushing rod (610) connected to the mounting plate (320). The mining vehicle body (100) is provided with a limiting groove (110). The upper end of the pushing rod (610) passes through the limiting groove (110) and is connected to the mounting plate (320). The lower end of the pushing rod (610) is connected to the bottom of the coal collection hopper (410).

9. An automated coal mining apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The actuation assembly includes an actuation block (620) disposed on a push rod (610) and a driven block (630) connected to a guide rod (550). The actuation block (620) has an upward actuation slope (640), and the driven block (630) has a driven slope (650) that cooperates with the actuation slope (640).

10. An automated coal mining method, characterized in that, The automated coal mining apparatus of claim 1 comprises the following steps: The control system drives the mining vehicle (100) to approach the coal strata to be mined. The control system controls the layer breaking mechanism (300) to reciprocate to drill the strata, so that the strata are broken and enter the collection mechanism (400). The reciprocating layer breaking mechanism (300) drives the crushing mechanism (500) to reciprocate to hammer the coal blocks, crushing the coal blocks in the collection mechanism (400). Then, the coal blocks are transferred to the coal transport vehicle through the conveying mechanism (700).

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