A gas chromatograph

Abstract

The application discloses a gas chromatograph and belongs to the field of chromatographs. The gas chromatograph comprises a detection box and further comprises a detection assembly arranged at the top of the detection box, the end of the detection assembly extends to the inside of the detection box, the side wall of the detection box is provided with a gas supply bottle, the gas outlet end of the gas supply bottle is connected with the detection assembly in communication through a pipeline, and a sampling mechanism is arranged at the top of the detection box, wherein the sampling mechanism comprises a sampling bucket arranged at the top of the detection box, and the top of the sampling bucket is fixedly connected with a sampling hopper. The sampling amount can be controlled according to requirements during sampling, so that if the sample amount is too large, the chromatographic column can be prevented from being overloaded, the peak shape is prevented from being widened, the separation degree is prevented from being reduced, and even the tailing problem is prevented, which can affect the accuracy of quantitative analysis. On the contrary, if the sampling amount is too small, the low-concentration components can not be detected, and the sensitivity is insufficient, and the sampling amount can be further ensured to optimize the separation effect and the detection sensitivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chromatography technology, and more particularly to a gas chromatograph. Background Technology

[0002] The working principle of a gas chromatograph is based on chromatographic separation and detection technologies. When a sample is "injected" into the injector by a microsyringe, it is carried by the carrier gas into a packed or capillary column. Due to the differences in the distribution or adsorption coefficients of the components in the sample between the mobile phases in the column, the components are repeatedly distributed between the two phases under the flushing of the carrier gas, thus separating the components in the column. Subsequently, the detector connected to the column detects the components in sequence according to their physicochemical properties.

[0003] Current gas chromatographs typically insert a sampling needle directly into the sampling vial for sampling, then automatically extract the gas from the vial for detection. However, this method cannot control the sample volume as needed. If the sample volume is too large, the column may be overloaded, leading to peak broadening, decreased resolution, or even tailing, which affects the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Conversely, if the sample volume is too small, low-concentration components may not be detected, resulting in insufficient sensitivity. This further complicates the process of optimizing separation and detection sensitivity based on the sample volume. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art by providing a gas chromatograph.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A gas chromatograph includes a detection chamber and further comprises: a detection assembly disposed on the top of the detection chamber, the end of the detection assembly extending into the interior of the detection chamber; a gas supply cylinder disposed on the side wall of the detection chamber, the outlet of the gas supply cylinder being connected to the detection assembly via a pipe; a sampling mechanism disposed on the top of the detection chamber, wherein the sampling mechanism includes a sampling barrel disposed on the top of the detection chamber, a sampling hopper fixedly connected to the top of the sampling barrel, a sampling needle fixedly connected inside the sampling hopper, the end of the sampling needle communicating with the interior of the sampling barrel, a delivery pipe fixedly connected to one side of the sampling barrel, the end of the delivery pipe penetrating into the detection assembly; a sampling component slidably connected inside the sampling barrel, a negative pressure zone being formed between the sampling component and the sampling barrel, the capacity of the negative pressure zone depending on the sample delivery volume; and a control mechanism disposed on the side wall of the sampling barrel for precisely controlling the displacement of the sampling component.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the detection box is provided with a processing mechanism, which includes a collection box fixed to the bottom of the sampling barrel. A one-way component is rotatably connected inside the collection box. A collection groove is provided between the sampling barrel and the collection box. The collection groove is located directly above the one-way component. A filter plate is provided above the collection groove. The opening of the collection groove is opposite to the inlet of the delivery pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the sampling component includes a movable rod that slides inside the sampling barrel, a piston block is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod, a guide groove and a slot are respectively opened on the surface of the movable rod, the slot is located on the side wall of the guide groove and communicates with it, and a return spring is sleeved on the surface of the movable rod, the two ends of the return spring abut against the sampling barrel and the piston block respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the control mechanism includes a collar sleeved on the surface of the movable rod, a locking block fixedly connected inside the collar, the locking block sliding inside the guide groove and matching the size of the groove, a fixing ring sleeved on the surface of the collar, a moving block fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring, a threaded rod threadedly connected inside the fixing ring, the threaded rod being rotatably connected to the side wall of the sampling bucket via a bearing, and a lever fixedly connected to the front of the collection box.

[0010] Preferably, the control mechanism further includes a guide rod fixed to the side wall of the sampling bucket, and the moving block is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod.

[0011] Preferably, the one-way component includes a rotating shaft that rotates inside the collection box, a rotating plate fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft, a sealing gasket fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating plate, one end of the rotating shaft passing through the collection box and extending to the outside of the collection box and fixedly connected to a gear, and a torsion spring sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft, the torsion spring being disposed inside the collection box.

[0012] Preferably, the processing mechanism further includes an L-connecting rod fixed to the end of the movable rod, and a rack is fixedly connected to the end of the L-connecting rod, the rack being able to mesh with a gear.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the filter plate is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft via a bearing, the surface of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a cleaning rod, and the surface of the cleaning rod is fixedly connected to a blade.

[0014] Preferably, the detection assembly includes an air inlet cylinder disposed at the top of the detection chamber, a splitter tube fixedly connected to the bottom of the air inlet cylinder, an injection cap disposed inside the air inlet cylinder, a liner detachably installed at the top of the air inlet cylinder, the end of the delivery tube penetrating to the inner wall of the liner tube, an air inlet pipe fixedly connected to the side wall of the air inlet cylinder, the air inlet pipe and the air inlet cylinder being connected by a pipeline, the end of the splitter tube penetrating to the detection chamber and fixedly connected to a capillary chromatography column, the end of the capillary chromatography column being fixedly connected to a detector, and the detector being fixed inside the detection chamber.

[0015] Preferably, a constant temperature chamber is fitted over the surface of the capillary column, and the constant temperature chamber is fixed to the inner wall of the detection chamber.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a gas chromatograph with the following advantages:

[0017] 1. By coordinating the sampling bucket, sampling hopper, sampling needle, delivery tube, and sampling components, the capacity of the negative pressure zone can be altered. The sampling process allows for precise control of the sample volume as needed, preventing issues such as column overload due to excessive sample volume, which can lead to peak broadening, decreased resolution, or even tailing, thus affecting the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Conversely, insufficient sample volume may result in the inability to detect low-concentration components, leading to insufficient sensitivity. Appropriate sampling volume ensures optimized separation and detection sensitivity.

[0018] 2. This gas chromatograph, through the cooperation of the collection box, one-way component, collection tank and filter plate, can process impurities contained in the sample gas. This design purifies the sample gas, prevents impurities from affecting stability during sample gas transport, and further ensures accurate analytical results and stable instrument operation.

[0019] 3. This gas chromatograph, through the cooperation of the collar, locking block, fixed ring moving block and threaded rod, allows the sampling mechanism to switch operating modes. This operating mode directly replaces the problem of the inability to control the pulling stroke of the sampling component, realizing precise control of the pulling stroke of the moving rod, thereby enabling quantitative gas extraction.

[0020] All parts of this device not described herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. During sampling, the present invention can control the amount of sample taken according to the needs, avoiding the problem that if the sample amount is too large, the chromatographic column may be overloaded, resulting in peak broadening, decreased resolution, or even tailing, which would affect the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Conversely, if the sample amount is too small, low concentrations of components may not be detected, leading to insufficient sensitivity. This further ensures that the sample amount can optimize the separation effect and detection sensitivity. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling mechanism of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling component structure of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional component structure of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the filter plate structure of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the detection component of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the capillary column and detector structure of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature control chamber structure of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a gas chromatograph proposed in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Detection box; 2. Gas supply cylinder; 3. Detection assembly; 31. Gas inlet; 32. Split tube; 33. Sample cap; 34. Liner; 35. Gas inlet pipe; 321. Capillary column; 322. Detector; 4. Sampling mechanism; 41. Sampling bucket; 42. Sampling hopper; 43. Sampling needle; 44. Delivery tube; 45. Sampling component; 451. Movable rod; 452. Piston block; 453. Guide groove; 454. Slot; 455. Return spring; 5. Control mechanism; 1. Collar; 52. Locking block; 53. Fixing ring; 54. Moving block; 55. Threaded rod; 56. Guide rod; 57. Paddle; 6. Processing mechanism; 61. Collection box; 62. One-way component; 621. Rotating shaft; 622. Rotating plate; 623. Sealing gasket; 624. Gear; 625. L-shaped connecting rod; 626. Rack; 627. Torsion spring; 63. Collection trough; 64. Filter plate; 641. Rotating shaft; 642. Cleaning rod; 643. Blade; 8. Constant temperature chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0034] In one implementation, refer to Figures 1-10 A gas chromatograph includes a detection chamber 1 and a detection component 3 disposed on the top of the detection chamber 1, the end of the detection component 3 extending into the interior of the detection chamber 1. A gas supply cylinder 2 is disposed on the side wall of the detection chamber 1, and the outlet of the gas supply cylinder 2 is connected to the detection component 3 via a pipe. A sampling mechanism 4 is disposed on the top of the detection chamber 1, wherein the sampling mechanism 4 includes a sampling barrel 41 disposed on the top of the detection chamber 1, a sampling hopper 42 fixedly connected to the top of the sampling barrel 41, a sampling needle 43 fixedly connected inside the sampling hopper 42, the end of the sampling needle 43 communicating with the interior of the sampling barrel 41, a delivery pipe 44 fixedly connected to one side of the sampling barrel 41, and the end of the delivery pipe 44 penetrating into the detection component 3. A sampling component 45 is slidably connected inside the sampling barrel 41. A negative pressure zone is formed between the sampling component 45 and the sampling barrel 41. The capacity of the negative pressure zone depends on the sample delivery volume. A control mechanism 5 is set on the side wall of the sampling barrel 41 to precisely control the displacement of the sampling component 45. The sampling component 45 includes a movable rod 451 that slides inside the sampling barrel 41. A piston block 452 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod 451. A guide groove 453 and a slot 454 are respectively opened on the surface of the movable rod 451. The slot 454 is located on the side wall of the guide groove 453 and communicates with it. A return spring 455 is sleeved on the surface of the movable rod 451. The two ends of the return spring 455 abut against the sampling barrel 41 and the piston block 452 respectively.

[0035] With this approach, the capacity of the negative pressure zone can be changed by the sampling component 45 inside the sampling tank 41. The sampling process allows for control of the sample quantity as needed, avoiding the risk of column overload due to excessive sample volume, which could lead to peak broadening, decreased resolution, or even tailing, thus affecting the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Conversely, insufficient sample volume may result in the failure to detect low-concentration components, leading to insufficient sensitivity. Appropriate sample volume ensures optimized separation and detection sensitivity.

[0036] In practice, the sample plastic bottle to be tested is first inserted into the sampling mechanism 4. The sampling bucket 42 at the top of the sampling bucket 41 is designed to better align with the sample plastic bottle. The sampling needle 43 inside the sampling bucket 42 is inserted into the sample plastic bottle. Then, the capacity of the negative pressure zone can be changed by pulling the sampling component 45 inside the sampling bucket 41. When the sampling component 45 is pulled backward, the capacity of the negative pressure zone increases, thereby extracting the gas inside the sample plastic bottle. The gas enters the negative pressure zone through the channel connected to the sampling needle 43 and the sampling bucket 41. When the pulling of the sampling component 45 is stopped, the sampling component 45 will automatically reset. The sampling component 45 will squeeze the gas collected in the negative pressure zone. The squeezed gas will enter the detection component 3 through the delivery pipe 44 for detection. Nitrogen gas is injected into the detection component 3 through the gas supply bottle 2. The nitrogen gas is used to move the sample gas inside the detection component 3 to complete the overall separation and detection.

[0037] The movable rod 451 included in the sampling component 45 allows the operator to easily pull the movable rod 451 to move it backward. The movable rod 451 moves backward synchronously, driving the piston block 452 to move, thereby increasing the capacity of the negative pressure zone. By changing the capacity of the negative pressure zone, the volume of the sampled gas is guaranteed. The guide groove 453 and the slot 454 on the surface of the movable rod 451 facilitate the switching operation of the control mechanism 5. Furthermore, the spring force of the return spring 455 on the surface of the movable rod 451 applies a pressure reaction force between the piston block 452 and the sampling barrel 41, thereby automatically resetting the piston block 452.

[0038] It should be noted that there is a one-way valve at the connection channel between the sampling barrel 41 and the sampling needle 43 to control the on / off of the sampling needle 43, thereby ensuring the sealing of the sample plastic bottle port. The delivery pipe 44 is also equipped with a one-way valve to prevent the delivery pipe 44 from drawing gas from the detection component 3 in the reverse direction.

[0039] In addition, in the initial state, the piston block 452 is located inside the leftmost part of the sampling barrel 41, and under the reaction force of the return spring 455, it applies a thrust to the piston block 452 to maintain the stability of the piston block 452. When the movable rod 451 drives the piston block 452 to move to the right, it will compress the return spring 455.

[0040] In one implementation, refer to Figure 2 The bottom of the detection box 1 is provided with a processing mechanism 6. The processing mechanism 6 includes a collection box 61 fixed to the bottom of the sampling barrel 41. A one-way component 62 is rotatably connected inside the collection box 61. A collection groove 63 is provided between the sampling barrel 41 and the collection box 61. The collection groove 63 is located directly above the one-way component 62. A filter plate 64 is provided above the collection groove 63. The opening of the collection groove 63 is opposite to the inlet of the conveying pipe 44.

[0041] By adopting this scheme, the processing mechanism 6 is used to process the sampled gas inside the sampling container 41, so that impurities contained in the sampled gas can be removed. Through this setting, the sampled gas can be purified, and impurities are prevented from affecting the stability during the transport of the sampled gas, thereby further ensuring the accuracy of the analysis results and the stable operation of the instrument.

[0042] In specific operation, the collection box 61 included in the processing mechanism 6 provides stable support for the sampling barrel 41. Then, by rotating the one-way component 62 inside the collection box 61, the bottom of the collection groove 63 between the collection box 61 and the sampling barrel 41 can be sealed to prevent leakage during sampling inside the sampling barrel 41. Furthermore, the filter plate 64 filters the transported sampling gas to prevent impurities in the gas from affecting the subsequent detection quality.

[0043] In one implementation, refer to Figure 4 The control mechanism 5 includes a collar 51 sleeved on the surface of the movable rod 451. A locking block 52 is fixedly connected inside the collar 51. The locking block 52 slides inside the guide groove 453 and is adapted to the size of the groove 454. A fixing ring 53 is sleeved on the surface of the collar 51. A moving block 54 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring 53. A threaded rod 55 is threadedly connected inside the fixing ring 53. The threaded rod 55 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the sampling bucket 41 through a bearing. A lever 57 is fixedly connected to the front of the collection box 61. The control mechanism 5 also includes a guide rod 56 fixed to the side wall of the sampling bucket 41. The moving block 54 is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod 56.

[0044] By adopting this scheme, the operation mode of the sampling mechanism 4 can be switched through the setting of the control mechanism 5. This operation mode directly replaces the problem of the inability to control the pulling stroke of the sampling component 45, and realizes precise control of the pulling stroke of the movable rod 451, thereby enabling quantitative gas extraction.

[0045] In actual operation, the collar 51 is moved on the surface of the movable rod 451, and the collar 51 simultaneously drives the locking block 52 to engage with the connecting slot 454 on the side wall of the guide groove 453. Then, the rotation of the threaded rod 55 causes the moving block 54 threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 55 to move. Since the end of the moving block 54 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 53, it simultaneously drives the fixed ring 53 inside the collar 51 to move. Since the fixed ring 53 is fitted inside the collar 51, the collar 51 and the locking block 52 are simultaneously engaged. 2. The movable rod 451 is displaced and pulled. This operation method directly replaces the problem of the inability to control the pulling amount and stroke of the sampling component 45, and realizes precise control of the pulling amount and stroke of the movable rod 451. This enables quantitative gas extraction. The guide rod 56 is set to guide and limit the movement of the moving block 54, thereby ensuring the stability of the displacement of the moving block 54. Furthermore, the paddle 57 on the surface of the collar 51 makes it easier for the operator to control the collar 51 to move.

[0046] In one implementation, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 The one-way component 62 includes a rotating shaft 621 that rotates inside the collection box 61. A rotating plate 622 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 621. A sealing gasket 623 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating plate 622. One end of the rotating shaft 621 passes through the collection box 61 and extends to the outside of the collection box 61 and is fixedly connected to a gear 624. A torsion spring 627 is sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft 621 and is located inside the collection box 61. The processing mechanism 6 also includes an L-connecting rod 625 fixed to the end of the movable rod 451. A rack 626 is fixedly connected to the end of the L-connecting rod 625. The rack 626 and the gear 624 can mesh with each other. A rotating shaft 641 is rotatably connected to the surface of the filter plate 64 through a bearing. A cleaning rod 642 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 641. A blade 643 is fixedly connected to the surface of the cleaning rod 642.

[0047] This design uses a one-way component 62 to seal the collection tank 63, preventing leakage during sample gas delivery. Once the gas delivery is complete, the tank can automatically open to automatically clean the impurities collected in the collection tank 63 under gravity. When gas extraction is required again, the tank can be reset to ensure continuous operation and avoid interference.

[0048] In actual operation, the rotation of the rotating shaft 621 can drive the rotating plate 622 to rotate. With the rotation of the rotating plate 622, it can fit directly below the collection tank 63 to seal the bottom of the collection tank 63. Furthermore, the sealing gasket 623 on the surface of the rotating plate 622 can further improve the sealing between it and the collection tank 63 and prevent the collection tank 63 from leaking air. Under the elastic force of the torsion spring 627 sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft 621, the rotating plate 622 can always be kept in a horizontal state.

[0049] It should be noted that the torque of the torsion spring 627 is greater than the pressure of the sampling gas to prevent the rotating plate 622 from being automatically pushed open by excessive sampling gas pressure.

[0050] When gear 624 rotates, it can cause the rotating plate 622 and sealing gasket 623 fixed to the rotating shaft 621 to shift at an angle. As a result, the sealing gasket 623 and the collection tank 63 are misaligned at an angle and cannot be sealed again. At this time, the impurities filtered by the filter plate 64 can be collected in a concentrated manner, avoiding the accumulation of impurities inside the sampling barrel 41 for a long time, which would affect the efficiency of gas flow. During the pushing process of the movable rod 451, the L connecting rod 625 is moved synchronously. After the movable rod 451 has completely delivered the gas inside the sampling barrel 41, the rack 626 at the bottom of the L connecting rod 625 will mesh with the gear 624 and drive the gear 624 to shift at an angle greater than 30 degrees. When the rotating plate 622 is at a 30-degree angle shift, the impurities collected inside the collection tank 63 can automatically slide into the collection box 61 with the tilt angle, realizing automatic centralized collection.

[0051] The rotating shaft 641 on the surface of the filter plate 64 is designed so that when the sampling gas passes through the area of ​​the rotating shaft 641, the gas will drive the cleaning rod 642 on the surface of the rotating shaft 641 to rotate. The rotation of the cleaning rod 642 can clean the filter plate 64 and prevent the filter holes inside the filter plate 64 from becoming blocked. Furthermore, the blades 643 on the surface of the cleaning rod 642 can ensure that the sampling gas can maximize the rotation of the rotating shaft 641.

[0052] As a supplementary note, the side wall of the collection box 61 is equipped with a cabinet door, which facilitates the cleaning of impurities collected inside the collection box 61.

[0053] In addition, refer to Figure 2The movable rod 451 and the piston block 452 are designed to be telescopic. This telescopic structure adopts the working principle of a telescopic rod. When the movable rod 451 pushes the piston block 452 to squeeze out all the gas inside the sampling barrel 41, the rack 626 will mesh with the gear 624. Since the movable rod 451 is a telescopic structure, the movable rod 451 can continue to move to the left by a certain amount. This displacement depends on the circumference that the gear 624 needs to rotate. At this time, the movable rod 451 will drive the L connecting rod 625 and the rack 626 to move in sequence. The rack 626 will rotate the meshing gear 624 by a 30-degree angle.

[0054] In one implementation, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The detection assembly 3 includes an air inlet cylinder 31 located at the top of the detection chamber 1. A split pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air inlet cylinder 31. An injection cap 33 is installed inside the air inlet cylinder 31. A liner 34 is detachably installed at the top of the air inlet cylinder 31. The end of the delivery pipe 44 extends through the inner wall of the liner 34. An air inlet pipe 35 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the air inlet cylinder 31. The air inlet pipe 35 and the air inlet cylinder 31 are connected by a pipe. The end of the split pipe 32 extends through the detection chamber 1 and is fixedly connected to a capillary chromatography column 321. A detector 322 is fixedly connected to the end of the capillary chromatography column 321. The detector 322 is fixed inside the detection chamber 1. A constant temperature chamber 8 is fitted on the surface of the capillary chromatography column 321 and is fixed to the inner wall of the detection chamber 1.

[0055] In actual operation, when the gas delivered by the delivery pipe 44 enters the gas inlet cylinder 31 through the sample inlet cap 33, the nitrogen continuously delivered by the gas supply cylinder 2 enters the gas inlet cylinder 31 through the gas inlet pipe 35. The sample gas stored in the liner tube 34 is propelled by this nitrogen pressure. The sample gas will pass through the split pipe 32 and the capillary column 321 in sequence under continuous nitrogen pressure to the detector 322 for detection. Through the setting of the constant temperature chamber 8, liquid at a preset temperature can be continuously injected into the constant temperature chamber 8, so that the constant temperature chamber 8 reaches the preset range, which can ensure that the capillary column 321 is in a constant temperature state.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas chromatograph, comprising a detection chamber (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A detection component (3) is set on the top of the detection box (1), the end of the detection component (3) extends into the interior of the detection box (1), and a gas supply cylinder (2) is provided on the side wall of the detection box (1). The gas outlet of the gas supply cylinder (2) is connected to the detection component (3) through a pipe. A sampling mechanism (4) is set on the top of the detection box (1), wherein the sampling mechanism (4) includes a sampling bucket (41) set on the top of the detection box (1), a sampling hopper (42) is fixedly connected to the top of the sampling bucket (41), a sampling needle (43) is fixedly connected inside the sampling hopper (42), the end of the sampling needle (43) is connected to the inside of the sampling bucket (41), a delivery pipe (44) is fixedly connected to one side of the sampling bucket (41), the end of the delivery pipe (44) penetrates into the detection component (3), a sampling component (45) is slidably connected inside the sampling bucket (41), and a negative pressure zone is formed between the sampling component (45) and the sampling bucket (41), the capacity of the negative pressure zone depends on the sample delivery volume; The control mechanism (5) is set on the side wall of the sampling barrel (41) to precisely control the displacement of the sampling component (45); The bottom of the detection box (1) is provided with a processing mechanism (6), which includes a collection box (61) fixed to the bottom of the sampling bucket (41). The collection box (61) is rotatably connected to a one-way component (62). A collection groove (63) is provided between the sampling bucket (41) and the collection box (61). The collection groove (63) is located directly above the one-way component (62). A filter plate (64) is provided above the collection groove (63). The opening of the collection groove (63) is opposite to the inlet of the conveying pipe (44). The control mechanism (5) includes a collar (51) sleeved on the surface of the movable rod (451), a locking block (52) fixedly connected inside the collar (51), the locking block (52) sliding inside the guide groove (453) and matching the size of the groove (454), a fixing ring (53) sleeved on the surface of the collar (51), a moving block (54) fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring (53), a threaded rod (55) threadedly connected inside the fixing ring (53), the threaded rod (55) rotatably connected to the side wall of the sampling bucket (41) through a bearing, and a lever (57) fixedly connected to the front of the collection box (61). The detection component (3) is set on the air inlet (31) at the top of the detection box (1). The bottom of the air inlet (31) is fixedly connected to the split pipe (32). The inside of the air inlet (31) is provided with the sample cap (33). The top of the air inlet (31) is detachably installed with the liner (34). The end of the delivery pipe (44) passes through the inner wall of the liner (34). The side wall of the air inlet (31) is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe (35). The air inlet pipe (35) and the air inlet (31) are connected by a pipe. The end of the split pipe (32) passes through the detection box (1) and is fixedly connected to the capillary chromatography column (321). The end of the capillary chromatography column (321) is fixedly connected to the detector (322). The detector (322) is fixed inside the detection box (1).

2. A gas chromatograph according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling component (45) includes a movable rod (451) that slides inside the sampling barrel (41). A piston block (452) is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod (451). A guide groove (453) and a slot (454) are respectively opened on the surface of the movable rod (451). The slot (454) is located on the side wall of the guide groove (453) and communicates with it. A return spring (455) is sleeved on the surface of the movable rod (451). The two ends of the return spring (455) abut against the sampling barrel (41) and the piston block (452) respectively.

3. A gas chromatograph according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control mechanism (5) also includes a guide rod (56) fixed to the side wall of the sampling bucket (41), and the moving block (54) is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod (56).

4. A gas chromatograph according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way component (62) includes a rotating shaft (621) that rotates inside the collection box (61). A rotating plate (622) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (621). A sealing gasket (623) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating plate (622). One end of the rotating shaft (621) passes through the collection box (61) and extends to the outside of the collection box (61) and is fixedly connected to a gear (624). A torsion spring (627) is sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft (621). The torsion spring (627) is located inside the collection box (61).

5. A gas chromatograph according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing mechanism (6) also includes an L-connecting rod (625) fixed to the end of the movable rod (451), and a rack (626) is fixedly connected to the end of the L-connecting rod (625). The rack (626) and the gear (624) can mesh with each other.

6. A gas chromatograph according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the filter plate (64) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (641) via a bearing. A cleaning rod (642) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (641), and a blade (643) is fixedly connected to the surface of the cleaning rod (642).

7. A gas chromatograph according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the capillary column (321) is fitted with a constant temperature chamber (8), which is fixed to the inner wall of the detection chamber (1).

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