Radar antenna lifting arm bearing test equipment and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of radar antenna lifting tests, in particular to equipment for a radar antenna lifting arm bearing test and a test method of the equipment. According to the working condition of the lifting arm, bearing tests under two working conditions, namely working wind load and static load during lifting instantaneous starting, are simulated. An electronic hoist scale is connected with a bearing device through a steel wire rope, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to a pull ring, an antenna simulation device is connected with a main lifting arm and an auxiliary lifting arm through third supporting lugs, and the lower portion of the main lifting arm and the lower portion of the auxiliary lifting arm are connected with a first supporting lug and a second supporting lug of a lifting arm fixing base. According to the method, the strength and rigidity of the lifting arm are confirmed through test research verification, and the safety and reliability of the radar under various working conditions are fully guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radar antenna lifting tests, and particularly to equipment and testing methods for radar antenna lifting arm load-bearing tests. Background Technology

[0002] When a radar is in operation, its antenna array needs to be raised, typically using a lifting arm to elevate the antenna mount and antenna. The lifting arm mainly consists of a main lifting arm, an auxiliary lifting arm, and connecting rods, forming a parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage mechanism. This mechanism lifts the radar antenna mount, turntable, and antenna, ensuring the radar can operate normally. The lifting arm not only bears the weight of the antenna and antenna mount but also wind loads, thus requiring high strength and rigidity. In summary, the lifting arm significantly impacts the safety and reliability of the entire equipment and must be strictly controlled during the design, manufacturing, and assembly stages to ensure safety and reliability.

[0003] Although simulated stress analysis was conducted during the initial design of the lifting arm, and the simulation results were controllable, further physical load-bearing tests are necessary to verify its structural strength and stiffness, considering assembly errors and actual working conditions, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of the entire equipment. Currently, there are no universally applicable testing methods, tooling, or equipment for lifting arm load-bearing verification tests. Therefore, it is necessary to design a method capable of conducting load-bearing tests to achieve the verification objective, and simultaneously validate and promote its application in radar batch production, strictly controlling product quality and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides equipment and a testing method for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms. Based on the working conditions of the lifting arm, this invention primarily simulates load-bearing tests under two conditions: operating wind load and static load during the instantaneous start-up of the lifting mechanism. To simulate the corresponding loads and meet the test conditions, the device of this invention is used as a test subject for testing the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm, and corresponding testing methods have been developed.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: an equipment for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms, comprising a lifting arm fixing base, an antenna simulation device, a diagonal brace, and a load-bearing device. The lifting arm fixing base includes a base, a side plate, a first lug, and a second lug. The side plate is connected to the rear side of the base, the first lug is welded to the front side of the base, and the second lug is welded to the middle of the base. The antenna simulation device includes a bracket, a third lug, and a pull ring. The third lug is welded to the bracket and hinged to the upper end lug of the lifting arm. The pull ring is welded and fixed to the bracket. The diagonal brace includes a truss, a base, a lower support, and an upper support. The lower support is welded to the bottom of the truss and hinged to the base. The upper support is fixed to the top of the truss and is installed and fixed to the hoisting shaft and the conversion shaft, where the hoisting shaft is the hoisting point of the diagonal brace. During the instantaneous start-up test of the lifting operation, the load-bearing device is placed on the antenna simulation device. The antenna simulation device is connected to the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm through a third lug. The lower parts of the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm are connected to the first lug and the second lug of the lifting arm fixed base. During the working wind load test, the diagonal brace is fixed to the base or the ground and connected to the load-bearing device via a steel wire rope connected to an electronic crane scale. The other end of the steel wire rope is connected to a pull ring. The antenna simulation device is connected to the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm through a third lug. The lower parts of the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm are connected to the first lug and the second lug of the lifting arm fixed base.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are: First, by designing equipment such as a lifting arm fixed base, antenna simulation device, inclined struts, and load-bearing device, the actual working conditions of the lifting arm are simulated, thereby ensuring that the experiment matches reality and making the experimental results true and effective; Second, for the test under two working conditions, a novel method for measuring the stiffness of a large lifting arm is proposed, which can be further referenced and promoted; Third, through experimental verification, the strength and stiffness of the lifting arm are further confirmed, providing a full guarantee for the safety and reliability of the radar under various working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the base for fixing the lifting arm.

[0008] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna simulation device.

[0009] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a diagonal brace.

[0010] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support device.

[0011] Figure 5 This is a layout diagram for the static load test during the instantaneous start-up of the lifting operation.

[0012] Figure 6 This is the layout diagram for the working wind load test.

[0013] Figure 7 A partial view of the setup for the working wind load test (lifting arm section).

[0014] Figure 8 A partial view of the setup for the working wind load test (diagonal bracing section).

[0015] Figure descriptions: Lifting arm fixed base 1, base 11, side plate 12, first lug 13, second lug 14, antenna simulation device 2, bracket 21, third lug 22, pull ring 23, diagonal brace 3, first truss 31, second truss 32, third truss 33, base 34, lower support 35, upper support 36, lifting shaft 37, conversion shaft 38, bearing device 4, square plate 41, lifting ring 42, counterweight 5, main lifting arm 6, auxiliary lifting arm 7, hydraulic cylinder 8.

[0016] The test items include the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7, while the accompanying test items include the lifting arm fixed base 1, the antenna simulation device 2, the inclined strut 3, the bearing device 4, the counterweight block 5, and the hydraulic cylinder 8. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Further explanation is provided for the test subject lifting arm fixed base 1, antenna simulation device 2, inclined strut 3, and bearing device 4.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the lifting arm fixing base 1 includes a base 11, a side plate 12, a first lug 13, and a second lug 14. The base 11 is welded from steel pipes, possessing high strength and rigidity, and mainly serves to hinge and fix the lifting arm. The side plate 12 is a triangular truss structure, welded from square steel pipes, and is connected to the rear side of the base 11, mainly providing safety protection against overturning during wind load simulation experiments. The first lug 13 is welded to the front side of the base 11, mainly for fixing the lifting cylinder. The second lug 14 is welded to the middle of the base 11, mainly for hinged connection with the lower end lug of the lifting arm.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna simulation device 2 includes a bracket 21, a third lug 22, and a pull ring 23. The bracket 21 is made of welded steel pipe and has high strength and rigidity. It is mainly used to replace the antenna mount and is hinged to the lifting arm. The third lug 22 is welded to the bracket 21 and is hinged to the upper lug of the lifting arm. The pull ring 23 is welded to the bracket 21 and is mainly used to fix the steel wire rope for wind load testing.

[0021] like Figure 3As shown, the diagonal brace 3 includes a truss, a base 34, a lower support 35, and an upper support 36. Multiple trusses may be included, such as the first truss 31, second truss 32, and third truss 33 in this invention, to ensure it is higher than and compatible with the testing device. The first truss 31, second truss 32, and third truss 33 are welded from round steel pipes, with flanges welded to both ends. The trusses are connected by welding. The base 34 is integrally machined from thick steel plates and is used to fix the base 34 to the base (or the ground). The lower support 35 is integrally machined from thick steel plates and is welded to the bottom of the truss. The lower support 35 is hinged to the base 34, allowing the diagonal brace 3 to swing 180°, facilitating the conversion of horizontal force into vertical downward tension, thus facilitating wind load testing of the main lifting boom 6 and auxiliary lifting boom 7. The upper support 36 is integrally machined from thick steel plates after welding. It is fixed to the top of the truss and is bolted to the lifting shaft 37 and the conversion shaft 38. The lifting shaft 37 serves as the lifting point for the diagonal brace 3, facilitating the lifting of the diagonal brace by a gantry crane. The conversion shaft 38 can also be a fixed pulley. During testing, the conversion shaft 38 converts the horizontal force into a vertical tension, which can be directly measured using an electronic crane scale. This allows the device of the present invention to conveniently simulate various working conditions.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, the supporting device 4 includes a square plate 41 and lifting rings 42. The square plate 41 is cut from a single thick steel plate, and four lifting rings 42 are welded and fixed at the four corners to facilitate test lifting.

[0023] This invention discloses equipment for radar antenna lifting arm load-bearing tests. During the instantaneous start-up test, the load-bearing device 4 is placed on the antenna simulation device 2 to simulate the weight of the radar antenna, turntable, etc. The antenna simulation device 2 is connected to the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 via a third lug 22. The lower parts of the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 are connected to the first lug 13 and the second lug 14 of the lifting arm fixing base 1, thereby achieving instantaneous start-up testing. During the working wind load test, the inclined support rod 3 is fixed to the base (or the ground) and connected to the load-bearing device 4 via a steel wire rope connected to an electronic crane scale. The other end of the steel wire rope is connected to a pull ring 23. Different wind loads are simulated by placing counterweights 5 on the load-bearing device 4. The antenna simulation device 2 is connected to the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 via a third lug 22. The lower parts of the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 are connected to the first lug 13 and the second lug 14 of the lifting arm fixing base 1, thereby achieving working wind load testing. Thus, the device of the present invention can test two different working conditions, reducing the number of types of testing equipment, saving costs, and by cleverly converting horizontal wind load into vertical downward tension, the magnitude of the loading force can be intuitively observed through an electronic crane scale, making testing more convenient, faster, and easier to operate.

[0024] This invention also discloses a test method for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms, including steps for static load testing during the instantaneous start-up of the lifting arm and working wind load testing.

[0025] The working steps for static load testing during instantaneous start-up of the lifting operation are as follows:

[0026] S1, according to Figure 5 For assembly, first connect the lifting arm fixing base 1 to the foundation base (or ground) to ensure it is firmly fixed. Then, hinge the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 to the second lug 14 on the lifting arm fixing base 1. Next, hinge the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 8 to the lifting arm fixing base 1 and the main lifting arm 6 respectively. Finally, hinge the third lug 22 on the antenna simulation device 2 to the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 respectively.

[0027] S2, according to Figure 5 Fourteen detection target points (measurement points 1 to 14) were affixed to the positions. Five detection target points (measurement points 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, evenly distributed on the arm) were affixed to the main lifting arm 6, and five detection target points (measurement points 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, evenly distributed on the arm) were affixed to the auxiliary lifting arm 7. Two detection target points (measurement points 1 and 14) were affixed to the antenna simulation device 2. One detection target point (measurement point 2 and 13) was affixed to the hinge position of the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 with the antenna simulation device 2, respectively. The coordinate values ​​(X0, Y0, Z0) of the 14 detection points were observed and recorded sequentially using a theodolite. This measurement was the initial state value.

[0028] S4. Use a gantry crane to hoist the support device 4 onto the antenna simulation device 2, and then observe and record the coordinate values ​​(X, Y, Z) of the detection points in sequence. i ,Y i Z i This measurement represents the loading status value.

[0029] S5. Next, place the 12 counterweights 5 onto the bearing device 4 in sequence, hoisting 2 counterweights 5 each time, and record the coordinates (X) of the detection point once. i ,Y i Z i During the loading process, carefully observe the lifting structure and test fixture welds for cracks or other abnormalities. If any of these phenomena occur, the test must be stopped. Record the loading state value for each loading cycle, and compare each loading state value with the initial state value to obtain the absolute offset λ for each loading cycle. j Alternatively, it can be compared with the state value of each load to obtain the single offset λ for each load. d If the absolute offset λ j、 Single offset λ dIf the value exceeds the set threshold, the test is terminated and the result is deemed unqualified. This avoids safety risks such as lifting arm breakage during the test.

[0030] S6. The computer automatically records data using the theodolite system, and exports the data after the test. The simulation test at the moment of start-up of the lifting hydraulic cylinder recorded the coordinates of 14 detection points under no-load and different load conditions. Multiple data sets, such as 9 sets, can be collected as required. The single offset λ of each measurement point is calculated for each measurement. d and absolute offset λ j The single offset λ d This refers to the displacement of the test points between two adjacent tests, the absolute offset λ. j This refers to the displacement of the measured coordinate point relative to the measured coordinate point under no-load conditions. The maximum offset (the maximum value among the absolute offsets λj) is compared with the theoretically permissible offset to draw corresponding conclusions.

[0031] The steps of working wind load testing include

[0032] B1, according to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 For assembly, first connect and fix the lifting arm fixing base 1 to the foundation base (or ground), and connect and fix the diagonal brace 3 to the foundation base (or ground), ensuring that both are firmly fixed. Then, hinge and fix the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 to the second lug 14 on the lifting arm fixing base 1. Next, hinge the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 8 to the lifting arm fixing base 1 and the main lifting arm 6 respectively. Finally, hinge the third lug 22 on the antenna simulation device 2 to the main lifting arm 6 and the auxiliary lifting arm 7 respectively.

[0033] B2, according to Figure 7 Eight detection target points (measurement points 1 to 8) are affixed to the location, with four detection target points (measurement points 1, 2, 3, and 4, evenly distributed on the arm) affixed to the main lifting arm 6, and four detection target points (measurement points 5, 6, 7, and 8, evenly distributed on the arm) affixed to the auxiliary lifting arm 7.

[0034] B3, such as Figure 6 As shown, one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the pull ring 23 of the antenna simulation device 2, and the other end is as shown. Figure 8 As shown, it passes through the top of the diagonal brace 3 and is connected and fixed to the electronic crane scale.

[0035] B4, such as Figure 7As shown, the lifting arm fixed base 1 is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 8 until the antenna is in the working state position. Then, the counterweights 5 are hoisted one by one onto the antenna simulation device 2 by the gantry crane until their weights are equivalent to the weights of the antenna base, antenna array, array cylinder, etc. The coordinate values ​​(X0, Y0, Z0) of the 8 detection points are observed and recorded in sequence by theodolite. This measurement is the initial state value.

[0036] B5, such as Figure 8 As shown, another gantry crane is used to lift the diagonal brace 3. Moving the gantry crane back and forth ensures that the horizontal section of the wire rope remains horizontal, thus more accurately simulating horizontal wind force. Then, the load-bearing device 4 is connected to the electronic crane scale via a lifting rope, allowing the weight of the load-bearing device 4 and the counterweight 5 to be converted into a lateral tension F through the pulleys of the diagonal brace 3. This lateral tension F is used to simulate the force exerted by the wind from the rear of the vehicle on the lifting mechanism. This step, using the diagonal brace 3, allows the wire rope to be kept horizontal relatively easily, ensuring the experiment closely resembles real-world working conditions and guarantees the reliability of the test methods and data. This effectively guides the design, processing, and equipment stages.

[0037] B6. Place the seven square boxes sequentially onto the bearing device 4. During the loading process, carefully observe the lifting structure and the welds of the test fixtures for any cracks or other abnormalities. If any of these phenomena occur, the test must be stopped, and the coordinate values ​​(X, Y, Z) of each test point must be recorded. i ,Y i Z i ); Calculate the single offset λ of each measurement point for each measurement. d and absolute offset λ j The single offset λ d This refers to the displacement of the test points between two adjacent tests, the absolute offset λ. j This refers to the displacement of the measured coordinate point relative to the measured coordinate point under no-load conditions. The maximum offset (absolute offset λ) is used. j The maximum value (in the mean) is compared with the theoretically allowed offset to draw corresponding conclusions. If the absolute offset λ j、 Single offset λ d If the value exceeds the set threshold, the test is terminated and the result is deemed unqualified. This avoids safety risks such as lifting arm breakage during the test.

[0038] Single offset λ d and absolute offset λ j The calculation formula is as follows:

[0039] ………Single offset λ d .

[0040] ...absolute offset λ j .

[0041] Here are the X coordinates of the measurement points. This is the X-coordinate value of the last measurement point. The measurement points for this project Coordinate values For the last measurement point Coordinate values The measurement points for this project Coordinate values For the last measurement point Coordinate values.

[0042] Here are the X coordinates of the measurement points. This is the X-coordinate value of the last measurement point. The initial state value of the X coordinate of the measurement point. The measurement points for this project Coordinate values For the last measurement point Coordinate values The initial state value of the Y coordinate of the measurement point. The measurement points for this project Coordinate values For the last measurement point Coordinate values The initial state value is the Z-coordinate of the measurement point.

[0043] To further confirm the strength and rigidity of the lifting arm, corresponding preliminary verification tests were conducted. Following the above test methods and procedures, the antenna lifting arm of the test subject was verified. The test results were reliable and effective, thus providing a full guarantee for the safety and reliability of the radar under various operating conditions.

[0044] First, this invention simulates the actual working conditions of the lifting arm by designing equipment such as a fixed base for the lifting arm, an antenna simulation device, a diagonal brace, and a load-bearing device, thereby ensuring that the experiment matches reality and that the experimental results are authentic and valid. Second, it creatively proposes a method for measuring the stiffness of a large lifting arm for testing under two different working conditions, which can be further referenced and promoted. Third, through experimental verification, the strength and stiffness of the lifting arm are further confirmed, providing a full guarantee for the safety and reliability of the radar under various working conditions.

Claims

1. An apparatus for load-bearing tests of a radar antenna lifting arm, comprising a lifting arm fixing base, an antenna simulation device, a diagonal brace, and a load-bearing device; the lifting arm fixing base includes a base, a side plate, a first lug, and a second lug; the side plate is connected to the rear side of the base, the first lug is welded to the front side of the base, and the second lug is welded to the middle of the base; characterized in that: The antenna simulation device includes a support frame, a third lug, and a pull ring. The third lug is welded to the support frame and hinged to the upper lug of the lifting arm. The pull ring is welded and fixed to the support frame. The diagonal brace includes a truss, a base, a lower support, and an upper support. The lower support is welded to the bottom of the truss and hinged to the base. The upper support is fixed to the top of the truss and is installed and fixed to the hoisting shaft and the conversion shaft, where the hoisting shaft is the hoisting point of the diagonal brace. During the instantaneous start-up test of the lifting operation, the load-bearing device is placed on the antenna simulation device. The antenna simulation device is connected to the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm through a third lug. The lower parts of the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm are connected to the first lug and the second lug of the lifting arm fixed base. During the working wind load test, the diagonal brace is fixed to the base or the ground and connected to the load-bearing device via a steel wire rope connected to an electronic crane scale. The other end of the steel wire rope is connected to a pull ring. The antenna simulation device is connected to the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm through a third lug. The lower parts of the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm are connected to the first lug and the second lug of the lifting arm fixed base.

2. The equipment for radar antenna lifting arm load-bearing test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is made of welded steel pipe.

3. The equipment for radar antenna lifting arm load-bearing test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side panels are triangular truss structures.

4. The equipment for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is made by welding steel pipes.

5. The equipment for radar antenna lifting arm load-bearing test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The truss includes a first truss, a second truss, and a third truss. The first truss, the second truss, and the third truss are made of round steel pipes welded together, with flange joint surfaces welded to both ends. The trusses are connected by welding.

6. The equipment for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is made of thick steel plate welded together and then machined as a whole, and is used to fix the base to the base or the ground.

7. The equipment for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower support is made of thick steel plate welded together and then machined as a whole; the upper support is made of thick steel plate welded together and then machined as a whole.

8. The equipment for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion shaft can also be a fixed pulley.

9. The equipment for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing device includes a square plate and lifting rings. The square plate is cut from a single thick steel plate, and four lifting rings are welded and fixed at the four corners.

10. A test method for load-bearing tests of radar antenna lifting arms, comprising the steps of static load testing during instantaneous lifting start-up and working wind load testing, characterized in that: The working steps for static load testing during instantaneous start-up of the lifting operation are as follows: S1. First, connect the lifting arm fixing base to the foundation or ground. Then, hinge the main lifting arm, auxiliary lifting arm and the second lug on the lifting arm fixing base. Hinge the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder to the lifting arm fixing base and the main lifting arm respectively. Hinge the third lug on the antenna simulation device to the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm respectively. S2. Attach detection target points, including 5 detection target points on the main lifting arm, 5 detection target points on the auxiliary lifting arm, 2 detection target points on the antenna simulation device, and 1 detection target point at the hinge position between the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm and the antenna simulation device. Use a theodolite to observe and record the coordinate values ​​(X0, Y0, Z0) of the detection points in sequence. This measurement is the initial state value. S4. Use a gantry crane to hoist the support device onto the antenna simulation device, and observe and record the coordinate values ​​(X, Y) of the detection points in sequence. i ,Y i Z i This measurement represents the loading status value. S5. Next, place the counterweights on the bearing device one by one and record the coordinates (X, Y, Z) of each detection point. i ,Y i Z i Each load requires recording the load status value; if the absolute offset λ j、 Single offset λ d If the value exceeds the set threshold, the test is terminated and the test is deemed unqualified. S6. Simulation test at the moment of start-up of the lifting hydraulic cylinder recorded the coordinates of the detection points under no-load and different load conditions, and calculated the single offset λ of each measurement point for each time. d and absolute offset λ j ; The steps of working wind load testing include B1. Connect and fix the lifting arm fixed base to the foundation or ground, connect and fix the diagonal brace to the foundation or ground, hinge and fix the main lifting arm and auxiliary lifting arm to the second lug on the lifting arm fixed base, hinge the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder to the lifting arm fixed base and the main lifting arm respectively, and hinge the third lug on the antenna simulation device to the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm respectively. B2. Affix detection target points, with 4 detection target points affixed to the main lifting arm and 4 detection target points affixed to the auxiliary lifting arm; B3. Connect one end of the steel wire rope to the pull ring of the antenna simulation device, and pass the other end through the top of the inclined brace to connect and fix it to the electronic crane scale. B4. Lift the fixed base of the lifting arm using a hydraulic cylinder until the antenna is in working position. Then, use a gantry crane to lift the counterweights one by one onto the antenna simulation device until the weight is equivalent to the weight of the antenna mount, antenna array, array cylinder, etc. Use a theodolite to observe and record the coordinate values ​​(X0, Y0, Z0) of the detection points in sequence. This measurement is the initial state value. B5. Use another overhead crane to lift the diagonal bracing rod, connect the load-bearing device to the electronic crane scale with a lifting rope, and convert the weight of the load-bearing device and the counterweight into a lateral tension F through the pulley of the diagonal bracing rod; B6. Place the square boxes onto the support device one by one, and record the coordinate values ​​(X) of each detection point. i ,Y i Z i ); Calculate the single offset λ of each measurement point for each measurement. d and absolute offset λ j If the absolute offset λ j、 Single offset λ d If the value exceeds the set threshold, the test will be terminated and the test will be deemed unqualified. Single offset λ d and absolute offset λ j The calculation formula is as follows: ………Single offset λ d ; ...absolute offset λ j ; Here are the X coordinates of the measurement points. This is the X-coordinate value of the last measurement point. The initial state value of the X coordinate of the measurement point. The measurement points for this project Coordinate values For the last measurement point Coordinate values The initial state value of the Y coordinate of the measurement point. The measurement points for this project Coordinate values For the last measurement point Coordinate values The initial state value is the Z-coordinate of the measurement point.

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