Wind turbine digital-physical simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a wind turbine digital-physical simulation method and device, equipment and storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of wind turbine simulation. The method comprises the following steps: simulating an external wind field; calculating aerodynamic loads borne by each blade of a wind driven generator based on the external wind field and an aerodynamic characteristic model of the wind driven generator; determining mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component in the wind driven generator based on the aerodynamic loads borne by each blade; calculating electrical parameters of the wind driven generator according to the mechanical transmission parameters; determining a simulation result based on the aerodynamic loads borne by each blade, the mechanical transmission parameters and the electrical parameters, and sending the simulation result to a signal conversion cabinet, so that the signal conversion cabinet converts the simulation result into an action instruction, and sends the action instruction to a wind turbine control cabinet; and the action instruction is used to trigger the wind turbine control cabinet to execute an action carried in the action instruction. The application can provide a wind turbine simulation method combining digital and physical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wind turbine simulation technology, and more specifically, it relates to a digital physical simulation method, device, equipment, and storage medium for wind turbines. Background Technology

[0002] There are two main types of existing wind turbine simulation systems:

[0003] There are two main types of wind turbine simulation: fully digital 3D wind turbine simulation and fully physical wind turbine simulation. The disadvantage of fully digital 3D wind turbine simulation is that the human-machine interface is computer-generated, which cannot represent realistic scenarios and therefore cannot effectively train maintenance personnel's hands-on skills. On the other hand, fully physical wind turbine simulation typically uses a scaled-down physical model of the turbine. Its main drawback is that, due to its entirely hardware-based structure, this method has poor scalability and cannot easily change training conditions, thus affecting the training effectiveness.

[0004] Therefore, a simulation method for wind turbines that combines digital and physical methods is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a digital physical simulation method, device, equipment, and storage medium for wind turbine generators, so as to provide a simulation method for wind turbine generators that combines digital and physical methods.

[0006] A first aspect of this application provides a digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators, applied to a digital physical simulation system for wind turbine generators. The digital physical simulation system includes: a simulation server, a signal conversion cabinet, and a wind turbine generator control cabinet; the simulation server transmits data to the wind turbine generator control cabinet through the signal conversion cabinet; the digital physical simulation method is executed by the simulation server; the digital physical simulation method includes:

[0007] Simulate external wind field;

[0008] Based on the external wind field and the aerodynamic characteristic model of the wind turbine in the wind turbine unit, the aerodynamic load on each blade of the wind turbine is calculated; the aerodynamic characteristic model is used to characterize the aerodynamic law of the interaction between the wind turbine blade and the external wind field.

[0009] The mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component in the wind turbine are determined based on the aerodynamic load on each blade.

[0010] Calculate the electrical parameters of the wind turbine generator based on the mechanical transmission parameters;

[0011] The simulation results are determined based on the aerodynamic loads, mechanical transmission parameters, and electrical parameters of each blade, and then sent to the signal conversion cabinet. The signal conversion cabinet converts the simulation results into action commands and sends the action commands to the wind turbine control cabinet. The action commands are used to trigger the wind turbine control cabinet to execute the actions carried in the action commands, so as to realize the digital physical simulation of the wind turbine.

[0012] A second aspect of this application provides a digital physical simulation device for wind turbines, applied to a simulation server in a digital physical simulation system for wind turbines. The digital physical simulation system further includes: a signal conversion cabinet and a wind turbine control cabinet; the simulation server transmits data to the wind turbine control cabinet through the signal conversion cabinet; the digital physical simulation method is executed by the simulation server; the digital physical simulation device includes:

[0013] The wind field simulation module is used to simulate external wind fields;

[0014] The aerodynamic load determination module is used to calculate the aerodynamic loads on each blade of the wind turbine based on the external wind field and the aerodynamic characteristic model of the wind turbine in the wind turbine unit; the aerodynamic characteristic model is used to characterize the aerodynamic laws of the interaction between the wind turbine blades and the external wind field.

[0015] The mechanical transmission parameter determination module is used to determine the mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component in the wind turbine based on the aerodynamic load on each blade.

[0016] The electrical parameter determination module is used to calculate the electrical parameters of the wind turbine generator based on the mechanical transmission parameters.

[0017] The simulation result output module is used to determine the simulation results based on the aerodynamic loads, mechanical transmission parameters and electrical parameters of each blade, and send the simulation results to the signal conversion cabinet so that the signal conversion cabinet can convert the simulation results into action commands and send action commands to the wind turbine control cabinet. The action commands are used to trigger the wind turbine control cabinet to execute the actions carried in the action commands, so as to realize the digital physical simulation of the wind turbine.

[0018] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a simulation server, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the simulation server. When the simulation server executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the above-described digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators.

[0019] In a fourth aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a simulation server, implements the steps of the above-described digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the wind turbine digital physical simulation method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium provided in this application embodiment are as follows:

[0021] Existing fully digital 3D wind turbine simulations, due to their computer-generated human-machine interface, cannot represent realistic scenarios, making it difficult to train maintenance personnel in practical skills. Fully physical wind turbine simulations use scaled-down physical turbine models, which have poor scalability and cannot easily change training conditions, thus affecting training effectiveness.

[0022] The digital physical simulation method for wind turbines adopted in this application combines the advantages of digital and physical simulation. By simulating the external wind field, it calculates the aerodynamic load on the blades based on an aerodynamic characteristic model, thereby determining the mechanical transmission parameters and electrical parameters, ultimately achieving simulation. This method can provide a relatively realistic scenario through the wind turbine control cabinet, and can also realize various operating condition changes through flexible digital simulation. It effectively makes up for the lack of realism in existing all-digital simulations and the poor scalability of all-physical simulations, improving the training effect for wind turbine operation and maintenance personnel. The digital physical simulation system mainly consists of a simulation server, a signal conversion cabinet, and a wind turbine control cabinet. Based on digital simulation, it realizes the simulation of the external wind field and the calculation of aerodynamic loads through software algorithms. The simulation parameters can be easily changed and simulated operating conditions can be added according to actual needs without large-scale hardware modifications. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart illustrating the process of determining the power of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 A graph showing the relationship between the wind energy conversion coefficient and the tip speed ratio of a wind turbine generator provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a digital physical simulation device for wind turbine generators provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0030] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, data such as user information are involved. When the embodiments of this application are applied to specific products or technologies, user permission or consent is required, and the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] In one embodiment of this application, a digital physical simulation method for wind turbines is applied to a digital physical simulation system for wind turbines. The digital physical simulation system includes a simulation server, a signal conversion cabinet, and a wind turbine control cabinet. The simulation server transmits data to the wind turbine control cabinet through the signal conversion cabinet. Please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators provided in an embodiment of this application. The method can be executed by an electronic device, such as a simulation server, and may include steps S101-S105.

[0034] S101: Simulates the external wind field.

[0035] In this embodiment, the external wind field includes external wind speed and external wind direction; the external wind speed of the external wind field can be simulated by using at least one of the basic wind, gust, gradual wind and random wind as component winds.

[0036] Specifically, it can be used as follows: ,in, The basic wind speed (m / s); A is the scale parameter of the Weibull distribution; KLet be the shape parameter of the Weibull distribution; This is the gamma function.

[0037] gust: ,in, Indicates gust wind speed. Indicates the preset period. Indicates the start time of the gust. , Indicates gusts of wind. The wind speed variation exhibits a cosine characteristic, where t represents time and G represents the wind turbine. This indicates the maximum value of the gust.

[0038] Gradient style: ,in, Indicates the wind speed of the gradual change. This indicates the maximum wind speed of the gradually changing wind. Indicates the start time of the gradual wind change. Indicates the time when the gradual wind ends. Indicates the duration of the gradual wind change. .

[0039] Random wind: ,in, This represents the maximum value of random wind. These are random numbers uniformly distributed between -1 and 1. The average interval of wind speed fluctuations is generally taken as... rad / s, This is the initial phase.

[0040] In this embodiment, the external wind speed of the external wind field can be determined based on the above method. Since the wind directions of each component wind are consistent, the external wind speed of the external wind field can be the sum of the wind speeds of each component wind, and the external wind direction can be a random direction.

[0041] S102: Based on the external wind field and the aerodynamic characteristic model of the wind turbine in the wind turbine unit, calculate the aerodynamic load on each blade of the wind turbine; the aerodynamic characteristic model is used to characterize the aerodynamic law of the interaction between the wind turbine blade and the external wind field.

[0042] In this embodiment, the aerodynamic characteristic model refers to a mathematical model that describes the interaction between the wind turbine blades and the airflow (external wind field). For example, this model can be used to calculate the lift and drag generation patterns of different blade cross-sections under different airflow angles. Aerodynamic load refers to the total aerodynamic forces and torques exerted on the wind turbine blades by the external wind field. It is a direct result of the interaction between the wind and the blades, and aerodynamic loads may include lift, drag, or aerodynamic torque, etc.

[0043] S103: Determine the mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component in the wind turbine based on the aerodynamic load on each blade.

[0044] In this embodiment, a wind turbine contains multiple blades, each corresponding to an aerodynamic load. Since the blades are positioned differently during rotation, the aerodynamic load on each blade may vary, thus requiring separate calculations. The mechanical transmission components in a wind turbine refer to the mechanical structural components that transmit the rotational motion of the blades to the generator and achieve speed / torque conversion. These may include, for example, components such as the main shaft, gearbox, coupling, and bearings. Mechanical transmission parameters refer to the physical quantities representing the working state of the mechanical transmission components; they are the quantitative results of the transmission and conversion of aerodynamic loads within the mechanical system. These may include, for example, the torsional torque transmitted by each component, the rotational speed or power of each rotating component, etc.

[0045] In this embodiment, the mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component can be obtained based on an empirical model or a trained first neural network model. The training dataset of the neural network model contains multiple sets of data, each set containing: the aerodynamic load on each blade and the corresponding standard mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component.

[0046] S104: Calculate the electrical parameters of the wind turbine generator based on the mechanical transmission parameters.

[0047] In this embodiment, the electrical parameters of the wind turbine refer to parameters such as the voltage, current and power output by the wind turbine. In this embodiment, they can be calculated based on empirical formulas or a trained second neural network model. The training dataset of the second neural network model contains multiple sets of samples, each set of samples containing: samples of various mechanical transmission parameters and corresponding samples of electrical parameters of the wind turbine.

[0048] In this embodiment, in addition to obtaining power parameters through calculation using a trained second neural network, as described above, a lookup table method can also be used to obtain the power curve and ultimately determine the power parameters of the wind turbine. (Reference) Figure 2 The tip speed ratio can be determined by wind speed and rotational speed, and then based on the lookup table method and blade pitch angle (…). Figure 2 The pitch angle (abbreviated as pitch angle) is determined. Then, the output power of the wind turbine is determined based on air density and rotor radius. Specifically, ,in For the tip speed ratio, The blade rotational angular velocity, For the blade length, This refers to the outside wind speed at the height of the wheel hub. This represents the wind energy conversion coefficient of a wind turbine. Speed ​​ratio with leaf tip and blade pitch angle Related, when the blade pitch angle At a certain time, Curves Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 middle, This indicates the blade pitch angle.

[0049] In this embodiment, the power of the wind turbine determined based on the lookup table method can be expressed as:

[0050]

[0051] in, This refers to the power output of the wind turbine. air density; It is the impeller radius, which is also the blade length; It is the outside wind speed; To cut into wind speed, Cut off the wind speed. Rated wind speed; Rated power of wind turbine; For the tip speed ratio, This refers to the blade pitch angle. The cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed, rated wind speed, and rated power of the wind turbine are all preset values.

[0052] S105: Based on the aerodynamic loads, mechanical transmission parameters, and electrical parameters of each blade, the simulation results are determined and sent to the signal conversion cabinet, so that the signal conversion cabinet converts the simulation results into action commands and sends action commands to the wind turbine control cabinet; the action commands are used to trigger the wind turbine control cabinet to execute the actions carried in the action commands, so as to realize the digital physical simulation of the wind turbine.

[0053] In this embodiment, the signal conversion cabinet is an intermediate adapter connecting the simulation server (digital) and the wind turbine control cabinet (physical). The simulation results output by the simulation server are digital signals, while the wind turbine control cabinet typically requires a specific format of physical signals for recognition. Therefore, the signal conversion cabinet converts the digital signals of the simulation results into a physical signal format that the control cabinet can receive, generating action commands. Action commands refer to the specific operation commands output by the signal conversion cabinet that can be directly executed by the control cabinet. They are the physical expression of the simulation results. For example: pitch command: adjust the pitch angle of blade 1 from 10° to 15°; yaw command: yaw 5° to the right in the wind; stop command: trigger the mechanical brake to reduce the speed to 0 within 3 seconds. It can also be a fault command, for example, if the rotational speed of a certain rotating component in the mechanical transmission parameters exceeds a preset standard threshold, the corresponding action command is to display a transmission fault, etc.

[0054] In this embodiment, the simulation results are determined based on the aerodynamic loads, mechanical transmission parameters, and electrical parameters experienced by each blade, including:

[0055] The aerodynamic load simulation results are determined based on the aerodynamic loads experienced by each blade.

[0056] The simulation results of mechanical transmission are determined based on the mechanical transmission parameters;

[0057] Determine electrical simulation results based on electrical parameters;

[0058] The simulation results are determined based on the simulation results of aerodynamic loads, mechanical transmission, and electrical systems.

[0059] In this embodiment, for a wind turbine, the structure of each blade is usually consistent. Therefore, each blade should correspond to the same standard aerodynamic load. That is, if the starting load of any blade exceeds the standard aerodynamic load, the aerodynamic load simulation result can be determined as a blade anomaly. Similarly, each mechanical transmission component of the wind turbine should correspond to different standard mechanical transmission parameters. Therefore, if the mechanical transmission parameter of any mechanical transmission component exceeds its corresponding standard mechanical transmission parameter, the mechanical transmission simulation result is determined as a transmission anomaly. The wind turbine should correspond to the maximum wind power generation, current, and voltage, etc. If any electrical parameter exceeds its corresponding maximum value, the electrical simulation result is determined as an electrical anomaly; otherwise, it is determined as a normal simulation. The final determined simulation result is the integration of the aforementioned aerodynamic load simulation results, mechanical transmission simulation results, and electrical simulation results.

[0060] In this embodiment, trainees can adjust certain parameters or actions of the wind turbine through a simulation server. For example, they can adjust the control threshold of the yaw system or adjust the blade torsion angle via the pitch motor. After the execution sequence of S101-S104, they can see the changes their actions cause on-site from the wind turbine control cabinet – a visualized simulation result. It should be noted that the wind turbine control cabinet in this embodiment is not connected to the wind turbine itself. The control cabinet can only execute corresponding actions via action commands sent from the signal conversion cabinet, such as displaying a blade abnormality on the screen and illuminating a red light. This does not affect the actual impact on the external wind turbine. This method allows trainees to more intuitively understand the effectiveness of their simulated actions.

[0061] As can be seen from the above, the digital physical simulation method for wind turbines adopted in this application combines the advantages of digital and physical simulation. By simulating the external wind field, the aerodynamic load on the blades is calculated based on the aerodynamic characteristic model, thereby determining the mechanical transmission parameters and electrical parameters, and finally realizing the simulation. It can provide a relatively realistic scenario through the wind turbine control cabinet, and can realize various operating condition changes through flexible digital simulation, effectively making up for the unrealistic problems of existing all-digital simulation and the poor scalability of all-physical simulation, and improving the training effect for wind turbine operation and maintenance personnel. The digital physical simulation system mainly consists of a simulation server, a signal conversion cabinet, and a wind turbine control cabinet. Based on digital simulation, it realizes the simulation of external wind field and aerodynamic load calculation through software algorithms. The simulation parameters can be easily changed and the simulation conditions can be added according to actual needs without large-scale hardware modifications.

[0062] In one embodiment of this application, the external wind speed is the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine; the aerodynamic characteristic model includes a wind shear effect model and a tower shadow effect model; wherein, the wind shear effect model is used to characterize the variation law of wind speed with height, and the tower shadow effect model is used to characterize the blocking effect of the wind turbine tower on the airflow.

[0063] Based on the external wind field and the aerodynamic characteristic model of the wind turbine in the wind turbine unit, the aerodynamic loads on each blade of the wind turbine are calculated, including:

[0064] Obtain the structural parameters and operating parameters of the wind turbine blades;

[0065] Based on the external wind direction, and combined with the wind shear effect model and the tower shadow effect model, the external wind speed is corrected to obtain the effective wind speed at different heights of the blade.

[0066] The aerodynamic loads on each blade of a wind turbine are calculated based on the structural parameters, operating parameters, and effective wind speed of the wind turbine blades.

[0067] In this embodiment, the structural parameters of the wind turbine blade refer to the blade's own physical properties, which determine its fundamental characteristics in interacting with airflow. These parameters may include blade profile distribution (blade shape at different locations), chord length distribution (cross-sectional width at different locations), twist angle distribution (cross-sectional twist angle at different locations), and blade length. The blade's operating parameters refer to its dynamic state parameters during operation, such as rotational angular velocity or current pitch angle. In this embodiment, since it is a simulation system, the structural and operating parameters of the wind turbine blade are determined based on data stored in the current simulation server.

[0068] In this embodiment, the external wind speed refers to the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine, and the wind shear effect model characterizes the variation of wind speed with altitude. In reality, wind speed is not uniform across all altitudes. Due to ground friction, wind speed is generally higher at higher altitudes; for example, wind speed is low near the ground and high at high altitudes, a phenomenon known as wind shear. The tower shadow effect model characterizes the obstruction of airflow by the wind turbine tower. The tower (the columnar structure supporting the nacelle and blades) blocks some airflow, causing a reduction in wind speed within a certain range behind the tower. When the blades rotate past the vicinity of the tower, they enter this low-speed zone, resulting in a sharp drop in wind speed. The tower shadow effect model quantifies the impact of this localized wind speed reduction by calculating the tower's obstruction range and the wind speed attenuation coefficient.

[0069] In this embodiment, the effective wind speed refers to the actual wind speed experienced at different heights of the blade after correction. Due to wind shearing and tower shadow effects, the actual wind speed at different locations on the blade differs from the external wind speed at the hub height, thus requiring correction to obtain the effective wind speed.

[0070] In this embodiment, after knowing the effective wind speed at each position of the blade, the load needs to be calculated in combination with the characteristics of the blade itself: the structural parameters determine how the blade interacts with the airflow at that position; the operating parameters determine the relative speed between the blade motion and the airflow; by combining the two, the lift and drag of each section of the blade can be calculated, and then the aerodynamic load of the entire blade can be obtained by integration.

[0071] As can be seen from the above, the aerodynamic characteristic model of this application includes a wind shear effect model and a tower shadow effect model. The wind shear effect model can accurately characterize the variation of wind speed with height. In reality, due to the influence of ground friction, the wind speed varies at different heights, and this model can accurately reflect this variation. The tower shadow effect model can characterize the blocking effect of the wind turbine tower on the airflow. The tower will block part of the airflow, reducing the wind speed in a certain range behind it. This model can quantify the impact of this local wind speed reduction. By combining the above two models to correct the external wind speed, the effective wind speed at different blade heights is obtained. Then, based on the effective wind speed, the aerodynamic load on each blade of the wind turbine is calculated, improving the accuracy of the aerodynamic load calculation and making the simulation results closer to the actual operation of the wind turbine.

[0072] In one embodiment of this application, the structural parameters of the wind turbine blades include the blade profile distribution, chord length distribution, twist angle distribution, and blade length; all blades of the wind turbine have the same blade profile distribution, the same chord length distribution, the same twist angle distribution, and the same blade length.

[0073] For each blade, the aerodynamic load on that blade is calculated based on the structural parameters of the wind turbine blade and the effective wind speed, including:

[0074] Multiple cross sections are obtained by selecting a cross section at several different lengths of the blade based on the blade length;

[0075] For each cross section, the blade profile is determined based on the length and blade shape distribution of the cross section within the corresponding blade; the chord length is determined based on the length and chord length distribution of the cross section within the corresponding blade; the twist angle is determined based on the length and twist angle distribution of the cross section within the corresponding blade; and the effective wind speed corresponding to the cross section is determined based on the relative height of the cross section; where relative height refers to the height difference between the location of the cross section and the location of the hub of the wind turbine.

[0076] The aerodynamic load on the blade is calculated based on the blade profile, chord length, twist angle, effective wind speed, and blade operating parameters of each section.

[0077] In this embodiment, blade profile distribution refers to the variation of the blade's shape at different positions along its length. The blade profile is the outline of the blade's cross-section, directly determining the aerodynamic characteristics at that position, such as the lift / drag coefficient. Chord length is the straight-line distance from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the blade profile. Chord length distribution refers to the variation of the cross-sectional width of the blade at different positions along its length. Typically, the chord length is larger at the blade root to withstand greater loads, gradually decreasing towards the blade tip to reduce weight. Twist angle distribution refers to the variation of the cross-sectional torsion angle of the blade at different positions along its length. The twist angle is the angle between the blade profile chord and the blade's plane of rotation, used to compensate for differences in the angle of attack of the airflow at different positions. The blade tip has a high linear velocity, requiring a larger twist angle to avoid stall. Blade length refers to the total length of the blade from the blade root to the blade tip, determining the blade's coverage area and the number of segments.

[0078] In this embodiment, a cross section refers to a surface taken along the length of the blade. Since the blade is a slender structure, the structural parameters and wind conditions at different locations vary, making it impossible to describe the overall characteristics with a single parameter. Therefore, the blade is divided into multiple cross sections along its length, with each section considered as a locally uniform unit. By analyzing the forces acting on each section, the load on the entire blade is obtained by integrating the analyses.

[0079] In this embodiment, the length of the cross-section refers to the distance from the cross-section to the blade root. The blade profile, chord length, and twist angle of the cross-section are specific values ​​obtained from the blade profile distribution, chord length distribution, and twist angle distribution based on the length of the cross-section. The relative height refers to the vertical difference between the cross-section position and the hub height. The hub height is the reference; a value above the hub is positive, and a value below is negative. This is used to calculate the effective wind speed of the cross-section in conjunction with the wind shear effect model. The effective wind speed of the cross-section refers to the actual wind speed experienced by the cross-section, obtained based on the relative height and the previously modified wind speed model.

[0080] In this embodiment, for each cross-section, the forces acting on that cross-section are calculated based on its blade profile, chord length, twist angle, and effective wind speed, combined with the blade's operating parameters: the blade profile determines the lift / drag coefficient of that cross-section at different airflow angles; the chord length, effective wind speed, and rotational angular velocity determine the relative velocity and angle of attack between the airflow and the blade; based on the relative velocity, angle of attack, and lift / drag coefficient, the lift, drag, and local torque of that cross-section are calculated. Finally, the lift, drag, and torque of all cross-sections of the blade are integrated along the length direction to obtain the total aerodynamic load on the entire blade.

[0081] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment divides the blade into multiple sections according to its length, with each section considered as a locally uniform unit. Sections are selected from multiple different lengths based on the blade length. For each section, the blade shape, chord length, and twist angle are accurately determined from the blade shape distribution, chord length distribution, and twist angle distribution, based on its length within the blade. Simultaneously, the effective wind speed corresponding to the section is calculated by combining the relative height. This meticulous sectioning method fully considers the uniqueness of each position on the blade, accurately reflecting the actual structural characteristics and wind conditions of each section. Therefore, the force calculated for each section based on these accurate parameters is closer to the actual situation, and the total aerodynamic load on the entire blade obtained by integration is also more consistent with the actual force on the blade. This embodiment simplifies the complex three-dimensional blade into multiple two-dimensional sections through sectioning. First, the structural characteristics and wind conditions of each section are determined, then the local force of each section is calculated by combining the blade's dynamic operating parameters, and finally, the aerodynamic load of the entire blade is obtained by integration. This method considers the parameter changes along the blade's length direction and reduces the computational difficulty through segmentation.

[0082] In one embodiment of this application, the blade operating parameters include the blade's rotational angular velocity; the aerodynamic load on the blade is calculated based on the airfoil, chord length, twist angle, effective wind speed, and the blade operating parameters of the blade at each cross-section, including:

[0083] For each cross section, the relative velocity of the airflow and the target angle of attack at that cross section are calculated based on the effective wind speed, the rotational angular velocity of the blade, and the twist angle. Based on the blade profile of that cross section, the pre-stored blade profile aerodynamic parameter database in the aerodynamic characteristic model is called, and the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the corresponding cross section are obtained from the blade profile aerodynamic parameter database based on the target angle of attack. The blade profile aerodynamic parameter database contains the lift coefficient and drag coefficient corresponding to different angles of attack for various blade profiles.

[0084] Calculate the lift and drag force on each section based on the relative velocity, chord length, lift coefficient, and drag coefficient corresponding to each section.

[0085] The aerodynamic torque generated by each section is calculated by combining the lift, drag, and lever arm; the lever arm of each section is determined based on the length of that section in the corresponding blade.

[0086] By integrating the lift, drag, and aerodynamic torque at each cross section of the blade, the aerodynamic load on the blade can be obtained.

[0087] In this embodiment, the angular velocity of the blade refers to the speed at which the blade rotates around its main axis. Relative velocity refers to the velocity of the airflow relative to the blade cross-section. Since the blade is rotating, the effective wind speed of the airflow and the blade's own linear velocity of rotation need to be combined to obtain the relative velocity. Twist angle refers to the angle between the chord line of the blade cross-section and the plane of rotation. Target angle of attack refers to the angle between the direction of the relative velocity of the airflow and the chord line of the blade cross-section. A too small angle of attack results in insufficient lift; a too large angle of attack leads to stall.

[0088] In this embodiment, the aerodynamic parameter database is used to quantify the interaction between the blades and the airflow. Essentially, it can be a lookup table established through wind tunnel experiments or numerical simulations, which stores the aerodynamic coefficients of different blade types at different angles of attack. The core components include: lift coefficient: a dimensionless coefficient that represents the proportional relationship between the magnitude of lift and the airflow velocity and blade area; drag coefficient: a dimensionless coefficient that represents the proportional relationship between the magnitude of drag and the airflow velocity and blade area.

[0089] In this embodiment, the relative velocity of the airflow at the cross-section and the target angle of attack can be calculated based on the following method.

[0090] Establish a rectangular coordinate system with the blade rotation center (hub) as the origin. The x-axis is horizontal, the y-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis and along the tangent of the blade rotation. Counterclockwise rotation is the positive direction, and the blade rotates around the z-axis.

[0091] ;in, This represents the magnitude of relative velocity, expressed in m / s. This indicates the effective wind speed, expressed in m / s. This represents the linear velocity of rotation, with units of m / s. , The rotational angular velocity is expressed in rad / s. This is the distance from the cross section to the center of rotation, which is also the length of the cross section, in meters.

[0092] The direction angle of relative velocity refers to the angle between the relative velocity and the x-axis. .

[0093] In this embodiment, without considering blade deformation, the angle of attack of the blade can be determined as follows: The target angle of attack is the angle between the relative velocity direction and the chord direction of the blade section, and the calculation formula is: ,in, To disregard the target angle of attack when blade deformation occurs, The direction of the chord line of the blade section is the section twist angle.

[0094] In this embodiment, the lift and drag forces acting on each cross section can be calculated based on the following method:

[0095] ,in, This represents the lift force per unit span of the cross-section. The chord length of the cross section is represented by... Indicates the lift coefficient. This indicates air density.

[0096] ,in, This represents the drag force per unit length of the cross-section. This represents the drag coefficient. In this embodiment, the default span of each cross section is 1 meter.

[0097] Both lift and drag are proportional to the square of the relative velocity. The higher the wind speed, the greater the kinetic energy of the airflow, and the more significant the force on the blades. The greater the chord length, the larger the interaction area between the blades and the airflow, and the greater the lift and drag.

[0098] In this embodiment, the aerodynamic torque generated at each cross-section can be calculated based on the following method:

[0099] Aerodynamic torque is the moment of force about the center of rotation. Torque is generated only when there is a component of force perpendicular to the lever arm, that is, a component of force in the direction of rotational tangency. The lever arm is the distance from the cross section to the center of rotation, that is, the length of the cross section, and the direction is along the x-axis. The direction of rotational tangency refers to the y-axis direction, and counterclockwise rotation is the positive direction. Only the force component along the y-axis can generate torque. Therefore, lift and drag need to be decomposed into tangential (y-axis) components before calculating torque.

[0100] The directions of lift and drag are determined by the direction of relative velocity, and the relative velocity direction angle has been defined previously. The direction of resistance is exactly the same as the direction of relative velocity; therefore, the angle of resistance direction is equal to... Lift direction: perpendicular to the relative velocity direction, therefore the lift direction angle is equal to ( ).

[0101] Decompose lift and drag along the tangential direction (y-axis), retaining the component that generates torque, and the tangential component of lift. , ; Tangential component of resistance , Total aerodynamic torque is the algebraic sum of lift torque and drag torque. Torque magnitude = tangential component × lever arm.

[0102] In this embodiment, by integrating the lift, drag, and aerodynamic torque calculated for each section of a blade, the aerodynamic load on the blade can be obtained. In other words, the aerodynamic load on a single blade can include the total lift, total drag, and total aerodynamic torque on the blade.

[0103] As can be seen from the above, previous calculations of aerodynamic loads on wind turbine blades lacked precision in assessing relative airflow velocity and angle of attack, often employing simplified models that failed to accurately reflect the complex aerodynamic characteristics of the blades during actual operation, leading to significant discrepancies between the calculated results and actual conditions. This embodiment, for each cross-section, comprehensively considers the corresponding effective wind speed, blade rotational angular velocity, and torsion angle to accurately calculate the relative airflow velocity and target angle of attack at that cross-section. The effective wind speed takes into account factors such as wind shearing and tower shadow effects, the rotational angular velocity reflects the dynamic rotational characteristics of the blade, and the torsion angle is used to compensate for differences in airflow angle of attack at different locations. This embodiment, through a comprehensive and accurate calculation method, yields relative velocities and target angles of attack that better reflect the actual operating state of the blades, laying a solid foundation for subsequent accurate calculations of lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and aerodynamic loads, making the calculation results closer to the actual stress conditions on the blades.

[0104] In one embodiment of this application, the relative velocity of the airflow and the target angle of attack at the cross-section are calculated based on the effective wind speed, the blade rotational angular velocity, and the twist angle corresponding to the cross-section, including:

[0105] Based on the effective wind speed, blade rotational angular velocity, and twist angle corresponding to the cross section, calculate the relative velocity and static angle of attack of the airflow at the cross section.

[0106] The compensation angle of attack is determined based on the relative velocity of the airflow at the cross section, the length of the cross section in the corresponding blade, and the blade rotation angular velocity; the compensation angle of attack is the additional angle of attack caused by blade deformation.

[0107] The target angle of attack is determined based on the static angle of attack and the compensated angle of attack.

[0108] In this embodiment, considering that the blades will deform under the influence of rotation and external wind, this embodiment provides another process for determining the target angle of attack:

[0109] ;in, This indicates the target angle of attack considering blade deformation. This represents the static angle of attack, which is the difference between the relative velocity direction angle and the chord direction angle.

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] in, To compensate for the angle of attack, This is a proportionality coefficient, determined by testing of blade materials and structure, and is an empirical value. The elastic modulus of the blade material characterizes the material's ability to resist deformation. Let be the moment of inertia of the cross section, which characterizes the cross section's ability to resist bending. Before the calculation process, each parameter needs to be standardized to eliminate the influence of dimensions.

[0113] As can be seen from the above, the embodiments of this application take into account that in the actual operation of wind turbines, the blades are not in an ideal rigid state, but are affected by various factors such as centrifugal force generated by rotation and aerodynamic forces from the external wind field, resulting in deformation. Traditional methods for calculating the target angle of attack often ignore blade deformation and calculate the static angle of attack based only on the relative velocity direction and chord direction under ideal conditions. This leads to deviations between the calculation results and the actual stress on the blade. Therefore, in calculating the target angle of attack, this embodiment first calculates the static angle of attack based on the effective wind speed, rotational angular velocity, and torsion angle. Then, it determines the compensation angle of attack based on the relative velocity, cross-sectional length, and blade rotational angular velocity. Finally, it combines the static angle of attack and the compensation angle of attack to obtain the target angle of attack that takes into account blade deformation. This calculation method can more accurately simulate the complex state of the blade in actual operation, making the calculated target angle of attack more consistent with the actual stress on the blade, thereby improving the accuracy of aerodynamic load calculation.

[0114] Corresponding to the digital physical simulation method for wind turbines in the above embodiments, Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a wind turbine digital physical simulation device provided in one embodiment of this application. The wind turbine digital physical simulation device is used as a simulation server in a wind turbine digital physical simulation system. The digital physical simulation system also includes a signal conversion cabinet and a wind turbine control cabinet. The simulation server transmits data to the wind turbine control cabinet through the signal conversion cabinet. The digital physical simulation method is executed by the simulation server. For ease of explanation, only the parts relevant to the embodiment of this application are shown. References Figure 4 The wind turbine digital physical simulation device 20 includes: a wind field simulation module 21, an aerodynamic load determination module 22, a mechanical transmission parameter determination module 23, an electrical parameter determination module 24, and a simulation result output module 25.

[0115] Among them, the wind field simulation module 21 is used to simulate the external wind field;

[0116] The aerodynamic load determination module 22 is used to calculate the aerodynamic load on each blade of the wind turbine based on the external wind field and the aerodynamic characteristic model of the wind turbine in the wind turbine group; the aerodynamic characteristic model is used to characterize the aerodynamic law of the interaction between the wind turbine blade and the external wind field.

[0117] The mechanical transmission parameter determination module 23 is used to determine the mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component in the wind turbine based on the aerodynamic load on each blade.

[0118] Electrical parameter determination module 24 is used to calculate the electrical parameters of the wind turbine generator based on the mechanical transmission parameters;

[0119] The simulation result output module 25 is used to determine the simulation results based on the aerodynamic load, mechanical transmission parameters and electrical parameters of each blade, and send the simulation results to the signal conversion cabinet so that the signal conversion cabinet can convert the simulation results into action commands and send action commands to the wind turbine control cabinet. The action commands are used to trigger the wind turbine control cabinet to execute the actions carried in the action commands, so as to realize the digital physical simulation of the wind turbine.

[0120] In one embodiment of this application, the external wind field includes external wind speed and external wind direction; the external wind speed is the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine; the aerodynamic characteristic model includes a wind shear effect model and a tower shadow effect model; wherein, the wind shear effect model is used to characterize the variation law of wind speed with height, and the tower shadow effect model is used to characterize the blocking effect of the wind turbine tower on the airflow.

[0121] The aerodynamic load determination module 22 is specifically used to obtain the structural parameters and operating parameters of the wind turbine blades;

[0122] Based on the external wind direction, and combined with the wind shear effect model and the tower shadow effect model, the external wind speed is corrected to obtain the effective wind speed at different heights of the blade.

[0123] The aerodynamic loads on each blade of a wind turbine are calculated based on the structural parameters, operating parameters, and effective wind speed of the wind turbine blades.

[0124] In one embodiment of this application, the structural parameters of the wind turbine blades include the blade profile distribution, chord length distribution, twist angle distribution, and blade length; all blades of the wind turbine have the same blade profile distribution, the same chord length distribution, the same twist angle distribution, and the same blade length.

[0125] For each blade, the aerodynamic load determination module 22 is further used to select a cross section from multiple different lengths of the blade based on the blade length, thereby obtaining multiple cross sections;

[0126] For each cross section, the blade profile is determined based on the length and blade shape distribution of the cross section within the corresponding blade; the chord length is determined based on the length and chord length distribution of the cross section within the corresponding blade; the twist angle is determined based on the length and twist angle distribution of the cross section within the corresponding blade; and the effective wind speed corresponding to the cross section is determined based on the relative height of the cross section; where relative height refers to the height difference between the location of the cross section and the location of the hub of the wind turbine.

[0127] The aerodynamic load on the blade is calculated based on the blade profile, chord length, twist angle, effective wind speed, and blade operating parameters of each section.

[0128] In one embodiment of this application, the blade operating parameters include the blade's rotational angular velocity;

[0129] The aerodynamic load determination module 22 is specifically used to calculate the relative velocity and target angle of attack of the airflow at each cross section based on the effective wind speed, blade rotational angular velocity and twist angle corresponding to that cross section; it calls the pre-stored blade profile aerodynamic parameter database in the aerodynamic characteristic model based on the blade profile of that cross section, and retrieves the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the corresponding cross section from the blade profile aerodynamic parameter database based on the target angle of attack. The blade profile aerodynamic parameter database contains the lift coefficient and drag coefficient corresponding to different angles of attack for various blade profiles.

[0130] Calculate the lift and drag force on each section based on the relative velocity, chord length, lift coefficient, and drag coefficient corresponding to each section.

[0131] The aerodynamic torque generated by each section is calculated by combining the lift, drag, and lever arm; the lever arm of each section is determined based on the length of that section in the corresponding blade.

[0132] By integrating the lift, drag, and aerodynamic torque at each cross section of the blade, the aerodynamic load on the blade can be obtained.

[0133] In one embodiment of this application, the aerodynamic load determination module 22 is further configured to calculate the relative velocity and static angle of attack of the airflow at the cross section based on the effective wind speed, the rotational angular velocity and the torsion angle of the blades corresponding to the cross section.

[0134] The compensation angle of attack is determined based on the relative velocity of the airflow at the cross section, the length of the cross section in the corresponding blade, and the blade rotation angular velocity; the compensation angle of attack is the additional angle of attack caused by blade deformation.

[0135] The target angle of attack is determined based on the static angle of attack and the compensated angle of attack.

[0136] In one embodiment of this application, the wind field simulation module 21 is specifically used to simulate the external wind field by taking at least one of the basic wind, gust wind, gradual wind and random wind as component wind.

[0137] In one embodiment of this application, the simulation result output module 25 is specifically used to determine the aerodynamic load simulation result based on the aerodynamic load on each blade.

[0138] The simulation results of mechanical transmission are determined based on the mechanical transmission parameters;

[0139] Determine electrical simulation results based on electrical parameters;

[0140] The simulation results are determined based on the simulation results of aerodynamic loads, mechanical transmission, and electrical systems.

[0141] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 The electronic device 300 in this embodiment may include one or more simulation servers 301, one or more input devices 302, one or more output devices 303, and one or more memories 304. The simulation servers 301, input devices 302, output devices 303, and memories 304 communicate with each other via a communication bus 305. The memories 304 store computer programs, including program instructions. The simulation servers 301 execute the program instructions stored in the memories 304. Specifically, the simulation servers 301 are configured to invoke the program instructions to perform the functions of each module / unit in the above-described device embodiments, for example... Figure 4 The functions of the wind field simulation module 21, aerodynamic load determination module 22, mechanical transmission parameter determination module 23, electrical parameter determination module 24, and simulation result output module 25 are shown.

[0142] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the simulation server 301 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose simulation servers, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose simulation server may be a micro-simulation server, or it may be any conventional simulation server.

[0143] Input device 302 may include a touchpad, a fingerprint sensor (for collecting the user's fingerprint information and fingerprint orientation information), a microphone, etc., and output device 303 may include a display (LCD, etc.), a speaker, etc.

[0144] The memory 304 may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the simulation server 301. A portion of the memory 304 may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory 304 may also store device type information.

[0145] In specific implementations, the simulation server 301, input device 302, and output device 303 described in this application embodiment can execute the implementation method described in the wind turbine digital physical simulation method provided in this application embodiment, or they can execute the implementation method of the electronic device described in this application embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0146] In another embodiment of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. This computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. When executed by a simulation server, the program instructions implement all or part of the processes in the methods described above. Alternatively, the computer program can instruct related hardware to complete the process. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a simulation server, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0147] The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device in any of the foregoing embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital card (SD), flash card, etc., provided on the electronic device. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium can include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules / units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0149] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the electronic devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0150] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed electronic devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules / units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules, units, or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces or modules / units, or it may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.

[0151] The modules / units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. Similarly, the components shown as modules / units may or may not be physical modules / units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules / units. Some or all of the modules / units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this application, depending on actual needs.

[0152] Furthermore, the functional modules / units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module / unit, or each module / unit can exist physically separately, or two or more modules / units can be integrated into one module / unit. The integrated modules / units described above can be implemented in hardware or in the form of software functional modules / units.

[0153] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators, characterized in that, A digital physical simulation system for wind turbines is provided, comprising: a simulation server, a signal conversion cabinet, and a wind turbine control cabinet; the simulation server transmits data to the wind turbine control cabinet through the signal conversion cabinet; the digital physical simulation method is executed by the simulation server; the digital physical simulation method includes: Simulate external wind field; Based on the external wind field and the aerodynamic characteristic model of the wind turbine in the wind turbine unit, the aerodynamic load on each blade of the wind turbine is calculated; the aerodynamic characteristic model is used to characterize the aerodynamic law of the interaction between the wind turbine blade and the external wind field. The mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component in the wind turbine are determined based on the aerodynamic load on each blade. Calculate the electrical parameters of the wind turbine generator based on the mechanical transmission parameters; The simulation results are determined based on the aerodynamic loads on each blade, the mechanical transmission parameters, and the electrical parameters. The simulation results are then sent to a signal conversion cabinet, which converts the simulation results into action commands and sends the action commands to the wind turbine control cabinet. The action commands are used to trigger the wind turbine control cabinet to execute the actions carried in the action commands, thereby realizing the digital physical simulation of the wind turbine. The calculation of the aerodynamic loads on each blade of the wind turbine includes: For each cross section of each blade, the relative velocity and static angle of attack of the airflow at that cross section are calculated based on the effective wind speed, the blade's rotational angular velocity, and the twist angle. The compensation angle of attack is determined based on the relative velocity of the airflow at the cross-section, the length of the cross-section in the corresponding blade, and the blade rotation angular velocity; the compensation angle of attack is the additional angle of attack caused by blade deformation. The target angle of attack is determined based on the static angle of attack and the compensated angle of attack; Based on the airfoil of the cross section, the pre-stored airfoil aerodynamic parameter database in the aerodynamic characteristic model is called, and the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the corresponding cross section are obtained from the airfoil aerodynamic parameter database based on the target angle of attack. The airfoil aerodynamic parameter database contains the lift coefficient and drag coefficient corresponding to different angles of attack for various airfoils. Calculate the lift and drag force on each section based on the relative velocity, chord length, lift coefficient, and drag coefficient corresponding to each section. The aerodynamic torque generated by each section is calculated by combining the lift, drag, and lever arm of each section; the lever arm of each section is determined based on the length of that section in the corresponding blade. By integrating the lift, drag, and aerodynamic torque of each section of the blade, the aerodynamic load on the blade can be obtained. The determination of the target angle of attack based on the static angle of attack and the compensated angle of attack is achieved using the following formula: , This indicates the target angle of attack considering blade deformation. This refers to the static angle of attack, which is the difference between the relative velocity direction angle and the chord direction angle. , , To compensate for the angle of attack, This is the proportionality coefficient. The elastic modulus of the blade material. Let be the moment of inertia of the cross section. The relative velocity direction angle, The chord direction angle of the blade section. Indicates the magnitude of relative velocity; , Angular velocity of rotation The distance from the cross section to the center of rotation. Indicates the effective wind speed.

2. The digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The external wind field includes external wind speed and external wind direction; the external wind speed is the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine; the aerodynamic characteristic model includes a wind shear effect model and a tower shadow effect model; wherein, the wind shear effect model is used to characterize the variation law of wind speed with height, and the tower shadow effect model is used to characterize the blocking effect of the wind turbine tower on the airflow. The step of calculating the relative velocity and static angle of attack of the airflow at the cross-section based on the effective wind speed, blade rotational angular velocity, and twist angle corresponding to the cross-section also includes: Obtain the structural parameters and operating parameters of the wind turbine blades. The structural parameters of the wind turbine blades include the blade profile distribution, chord length distribution, twist angle distribution, and blade length. All blades of the wind turbine have the same blade profile distribution, the same chord length distribution, the same twist angle distribution, and the same blade length. Multiple cross sections are obtained by selecting a cross section at several different lengths of the blade based on the blade length; For each cross section, the blade profile is determined based on the length of the cross section within the corresponding blade and the blade profile distribution; the chord length is determined based on the length of the cross section within the corresponding blade and the chord length distribution; the twist angle is determined based on the length of the cross section within the corresponding blade and the twist angle distribution; and the effective wind speed corresponding to the cross section is determined based on the relative height of the cross section; wherein, the relative height refers to the height difference between the location of the cross section and the location of the hub of the wind turbine.

3. The digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated external wind field includes: At least one of the basic wind, gust wind, gradual wind, and random wind is used as a component wind to simulate the external wind field.

4. The digital physical simulation method for wind turbine generators as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of simulation results based on the aerodynamic loads on each blade, the mechanical transmission parameters, and the electrical parameters includes: The aerodynamic load simulation results are determined based on the aerodynamic loads experienced by each blade. The simulation results of the mechanical transmission are determined based on the aforementioned mechanical transmission parameters; The electrical simulation results are determined based on the electrical parameters; The simulation results are determined based on the aerodynamic load simulation results, the mechanical transmission simulation results, and the electrical simulation results.

5. A digital physical simulation device for wind turbine generators, characterized in that, A simulation server is used in a digital physical simulation system for wind turbine generators. The digital physical simulation system further includes a signal conversion cabinet and a wind turbine generator control cabinet. The simulation server transmits data to the wind turbine generator control cabinet through the signal conversion cabinet. The digital physical simulation method is executed by the simulation server. The digital physical simulation device includes: The wind field simulation module is used to simulate external wind fields; The aerodynamic load determination module is used to calculate the aerodynamic load on each blade of the wind turbine based on the external wind field and the aerodynamic characteristic model of the wind turbine in the wind turbine group; the aerodynamic characteristic model is used to characterize the aerodynamic law of the interaction between the wind turbine blade and the external wind field. The mechanical transmission parameter determination module is used to determine the mechanical transmission parameters of each mechanical transmission component in the wind turbine based on the aerodynamic load on each blade. An electrical parameter determination module is used to calculate the electrical parameters of the wind turbine generator based on the mechanical transmission parameters; The simulation result output module is used to determine the simulation results based on the aerodynamic loads on each blade, the mechanical transmission parameters, and the electrical parameters, and send the simulation results to the signal conversion cabinet, so that the signal conversion cabinet converts the simulation results into action commands and sends the action commands to the wind turbine control cabinet; the action commands are used to trigger the wind turbine control cabinet to execute the actions carried in the action commands, so as to realize the digital physical simulation of the wind turbine. Specifically, the aerodynamic load determination module is used to calculate the relative velocity and static angle of attack of the airflow at each section of each blade, based on the effective wind speed, the blade's rotational angular velocity, and the twist angle corresponding to that section. The compensation angle of attack is determined based on the relative velocity of the airflow at the cross-section, the length of the cross-section in the corresponding blade, and the blade rotation angular velocity; the compensation angle of attack is the additional angle of attack caused by blade deformation. The target angle of attack is determined based on the static angle of attack and the compensated angle of attack; Based on the airfoil of the cross section, the pre-stored airfoil aerodynamic parameter database in the aerodynamic characteristic model is called, and the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the corresponding cross section are obtained from the airfoil aerodynamic parameter database based on the target angle of attack. The airfoil aerodynamic parameter database contains the lift coefficient and drag coefficient corresponding to different angles of attack for various airfoils. Calculate the lift and drag force on each section based on the relative velocity, chord length, lift coefficient, and drag coefficient corresponding to each section. The aerodynamic torque generated by each section is calculated by combining the lift, drag, and lever arm of each section; the lever arm of each section is determined based on the length of that section in the corresponding blade. By integrating the lift, drag, and aerodynamic torque of each section of the blade, the aerodynamic load on the blade can be obtained. The determination of the target angle of attack based on the static angle of attack and the compensated angle of attack is achieved using the following formula: , This indicates the target angle of attack considering blade deformation. This refers to the static angle of attack, which is the difference between the relative velocity direction angle and the chord direction angle. , , To compensate for the angle of attack, This is the proportionality coefficient. The elastic modulus of the blade material. Let be the moment of inertia of the cross section. The relative velocity direction angle, The chord direction angle of the blade section. Indicates the magnitude of relative velocity; , Angular velocity of rotation The distance from the cross section to the center of rotation. Indicates the effective wind speed.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a simulation server, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the simulation server, characterized in that, When the simulation server executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the simulation server, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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