Ice lake terrain estimation method, system and device and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an ice lake terrain estimation method, system and device and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of ice lake terrain measurement and estimation, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the basic data of an ice lake; extracting morphological parameters from the basic data; obtaining a volume-area fitting formula of the ice lake; obtaining the theoretical volume of the glacial lake; a volume-area fitting formula of the glacial lake and the theoretical volume of the glacial lake are combined, and the relation between the scaling factor and the maximum depth of the glacial lake and the area of the glacial lake is obtained; generating an ice lake isobath; and generating a glacial lake terrain. According to the method, the complex modeling process of the ice lake terrain is simplified, the terrain estimation efficiency is improved under the condition that high precision is reserved, and technical support is provided for regional ice lake risk management and monitoring system construction; the method fully considers the characteristics of long and short axes, center coordinates, volume and area relation and the like of the ice lake, is beneficial to revealing the spatial distribution rule of the terrain of the ice lake, reflects the terrain details, and provides support for regional ice lake risk management and monitoring system construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of glacial lake topography measurement and estimation technology, and particularly relates to glacial lake topography estimation methods, systems, equipment and storage media. Background Technology

[0002] Glacial lake topography is crucial foundational data in glaciology, hydrology, water resources, and disaster prevention and mitigation. Accurate estimation of glacial lake topography is essential for assessing lake stability, monitoring water volume changes, and providing early warnings of outburst risk. Traditional methods for estimating glacial lake topography primarily rely on field surveys or inversion from single remote sensing data. Field surveys are limited by terrain conditions and struggle to cover remote or hazardous glacial lake areas; methods based on single remote sensing data often ignore the nonlinear characteristics of glacial lake morphology, leading to insufficient accuracy in topography estimation, particularly in the simulation of isobath distribution and depth gradients. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, device, and storage medium for estimating the topography of glacial lakes, so as to solve the problems of insufficient accuracy and difficulty in reflecting topographic details in the prior art.

[0004] The embodiments of this application implement the glacial lake topography estimation method as follows: Obtain basic data on the glacial lake; Extract morphological parameters from the basic data; Obtain the fitted formula for the volume-area of ​​the glacial lake; To obtain the theoretical volume of the glacial lake; By combining the volume-area fitting formula of the glacial lake with the theoretical volume of the glacial lake, we can obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and its area. Based on the basic data, morphological parameters, scaling factors, and the relationship between the maximum depth and area of ​​the glacial lake, isobaths of the glacial lake are generated. Glacial lake topography is generated based on the isobaths of the glacial lake.

[0005] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the basic data includes the surface area, volume, maximum depth, and outline polygon of the glacial lake; and / or The fitted formula for the volume-area of ​​a glacial lake is: ; In the formula, The actual volume of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; and For fitting coefficients, units: dimensionless; and / or The theoretical volume of a glacial lake is obtained based on the similarity scaling assumption of isobaths. The formula for the theoretical volume of a glacial lake is: ; In the formula, The theoretical volume of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; The depth of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The maximum depth of the glacial lake, in units of: ; Scaling factor, unit: dimensionless.

[0006] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, morphological parameters are extracted from the outline polygon of the ice lake, including the length of the major axis, the length of the minor axis, the center coordinates, and the direction angle of the major axis of the ice lake.

[0007] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the method for extracting morphological parameters includes: Find the smallest rotated rectangle of the ice lake outline polygon; Calculate the lengths of each side of the minimum rotated rectangle, define the long side of the rectangle as the major axis, and the short side of the rectangle as the minor axis, and obtain the lengths of the major axis and minor axis respectively; Determine the vector direction of the major axis and calculate the direction angle of the major axis; The centroid of the smallest rotating rectangle is used as the center coordinate of the ice lake.

[0008] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, a fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​the glacial lake is used. Formula for the theoretical volume of a glacial lake ,make = This allows us to obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and its area, as shown in the following formula: ; In the formula, Scaling factor, unit: dimensionless; and These are the fitting coefficients, in dimensionless form. The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; The maximum depth of the glacial lake, in units of: .

[0009] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the method for generating ice lake contour lines includes: Obtain the isobath intervals of the glacial lake Based on the maximum depth of the glacial lake and contour intervals Determine the depth contour levels, that is, calculate the total number of depth contour levels. The outline polygon is layer 0, and its coordinates to the center are layer 1. n layer; According to scaling factor p The contour polygon is scaled proportionally towards the center coordinates to generate isobaths for each level of the glacial lake.

[0010] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the method for generating glacial lake topography includes: The grid coverage area is determined based on the isobath of the glacial lake, and uniformly distributed planar grid points are generated. Determine whether each grid point is inside the outline polygon; a value of 0 indicates that the grid point is not inside the outline polygon. If the grid point is inside the outline polygon, it depends on the contour level where the grid point is located. i Assign the depth value corresponding to the grid point. This continues until all grid points have been assigned depth values, meaning the initial terrain has been formed. Gaussian filtering is applied to the initial terrain to generate the ice lake terrain.

[0011] Accordingly, embodiments of this application also provide a glacial lake topography estimation system, including: The basic data module is used to obtain basic data about the glacial lake; The morphological parameter module is used to extract morphological parameters from the basic data. The volume-area fitting module is used to obtain the fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​glacial lakes. Theoretical Volume module, used to obtain the theoretical volume of glacial lakes; The simultaneous equation module is used to combine the fitted formula of volume-area of ​​a glacial lake with the theoretical volume of the glacial lake to obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and the area of ​​the glacial lake. The glacial lake contour module generates glacial lake contours based on basic data, morphological parameters, scaling factors, and the relationship between the maximum depth and area of ​​the glacial lake. The glacial lake terrain module generates glacial lake terrain based on glacial lake isobaths.

[0012] Accordingly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer device, including a storage device and a processor, wherein the storage device stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the method described above.

[0013] Accordingly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method described above.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This application, based on data such as the surface area, volume, and outline of glacial lakes, employs the similarity scaling assumption of isobaths and combines empirical formulas for volume and area fitting. Through steps including extracting glacial lake geometric parameters, simultaneously determining scaling factors, and generating isobaths and topography, the application estimates the topography of glacial lakes. By simplifying the complex modeling process of glacial lake topography, it improves the efficiency of topography estimation while maintaining high accuracy, providing technical support for the construction of regional glacial lake risk management and monitoring systems. This application fully considers the characteristics of glacial lakes, such as their major and minor axes, central coordinates, and the relationship between volume and area, which helps to reveal the spatial distribution patterns of glacial lake topography and reflects topographic details, providing technical support for the construction of regional glacial lake risk management and monitoring systems.

[0015] In the real world, the isobaths of glacial lakes from the shore to the center often exhibit a certain degree of geometric similarity. This application estimates the topography of glacial lakes by assuming similar scaling of isobaths, which can make the results closer to reality, avoid unreasonable depth distributions and topographic features, and thus improve the stability and reliability of the estimation.

[0016] This application combines empirical fitting and geometric similarity principles, and through systematic step-by-step calculations, can effectively estimate the topographic features of glacial lakes under different conditions, providing a scientific basis for glacial lake change monitoring, water resource assessment, and disaster prevention and mitigation.

[0017] Based on the proposed method for estimating the topography of glacial lakes, this application can obtain key parameters such as the scaling factor, depth-area relationship, isobaths, and topographic data of glacial lakes. Relevant departments can make advance preparations for resource management and disaster response measures related to glacial lakes based on the estimation results. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the ice lake topography estimation method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a graph of the empirical formula for the volume-area ratio of glacial lakes fitted as an application example of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an example of a color-filled contour plot used in the application of this invention. Figure 4 This is an application example of the present invention: a 3D lakebed topographic map; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the major axis of an application example of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a short-axis cross-sectional view of an application example of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] The technical solution of this application is as follows: Please see Figure 1 This application provides a method for estimating the topography of glacial lakes, including: S01. Obtain basic data about the ice lake; S02, Extract morphological parameters from basic data; S03. Obtain the fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​the glacial lake; S04. Obtain the theoretical volume of the glacial lake; S05. By combining the volume-area fitting formula of the glacial lake with the theoretical volume of the glacial lake, we can obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and the area of ​​the glacial lake. S06. Based on the basic data, morphological parameters, scaling factors, and the relationship between the maximum depth and area of ​​the glacial lake, generate the glacial lake contour lines. S07. Generate glacial lake topography based on glacial lake isobaths.

[0021] In S01: In some embodiments, the basic data includes the surface area, volume, maximum depth, and outline polygon of the ice lake.

[0022] In S02: Furthermore, morphological parameters are extracted from the outline polygon of the glacial lake, including the length of the major axis, the length of the minor axis, the center coordinates, and the direction angle of the major axis.

[0023] Furthermore, methods for extracting morphological parameters include: S021. Obtain the smallest rotated rectangle of the ice lake outline polygon; S022. Calculate the length of each side of the minimum rotating rectangle. Define the long side of the rectangle as the major axis and the short side of the rectangle as the minor axis. Obtain the length of the major axis and the length of the minor axis respectively. S023. Determine the vector direction of the major axis and calculate the direction angle of the major axis; S024. Use the centroid of the smallest rotating rectangle as the center coordinate of the ice lake.

[0024] In S03: It is understandable that by plotting a scatter plot of the volume and area of ​​a glacial lake, it is found that the volume and area of ​​the glacial lake follow a power function relationship, so the fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​a glacial lake adopts a power function.

[0025] Furthermore, the volume-area fitting formula for the glacial lake is: ; In the formula, The actual volume of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; and The fitting coefficients are dimensionless.

[0026] Understandable. and It was obtained by fitting using the least squares method.

[0027] In S04: Furthermore, based on the similarity scaling assumption of isobaths, the theoretical volume of the glacial lake is obtained. The formula for the theoretical volume of the glacial lake is: ; In the formula, The theoretical volume of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; The depth of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The maximum depth of the glacial lake, in units of: ; Scaling factor, unit: dimensionless.

[0028] In S05: Furthermore, the fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​the glacial lake is established. Formula for the theoretical volume of a glacial lake ,make = This allows us to obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and its area, as shown in the following formula: ; In the formula, Scaling factor, unit: dimensionless; and These are the fitting coefficients, in dimensionless form. The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; The maximum depth of the glacial lake, in units of: .

[0029] In S06: Furthermore, methods for generating isobaths of glacial lakes include: S061, Obtain the isobath intervals of the glacial lake. Based on the maximum depth of the glacial lake and contour intervals Determine the depth contour levels, that is, calculate the total number of depth contour levels. The outline polygon is layer 0, and its coordinates to the center are layer 1. n layer; S062, according to scaling factor p The contour polygon is scaled proportionally towards the center coordinates to generate isobaths for each level of the glacial lake.

[0030] For example, the isobath spacing It is 0.1m.

[0031] It can be understood that the contour polygon is the 0th layer of the isobath, with a depth of 0. For the 0th layer... i Layer, its depth is , i The range is 0, 1, 2, ..., n; up to the nth layer, the depth is... .

[0032] It is understandable that, for the first i Layer contour lines, their depth is ( ).

[0033] Understandable. and Given the data, through The scaling factor can be calculated directly. .

[0034] In S07: Furthermore, methods for generating glacial lake topography include: S071. Determine the grid coverage area based on the isobath of the glacial lake and generate uniformly distributed planar grid points; S072. Determine whether each grid point is inside the outline polygon. The value of a grid point that is not inside the outline polygon is 0. S073. If the grid points are within the outline polygon, determine the depth level based on the contour line where the grid points are located. i Assign the depth value corresponding to the grid point. This continues until all grid points have been assigned depth values, meaning the initial terrain has been formed. S074. Apply Gaussian filtering to the initial terrain to generate the ice lake terrain.

[0035] It's understandable that applying a Gaussian filter to the initial terrain makes the generated terrain smoother.

[0036] It is understandable that the grid coverage is determined by the polygonal boundaries of the isobaths of the glacial lake.

[0037] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a glacial lake topography estimation system, including: The basic data module is used to obtain basic data about the glacial lake; The morphological parameter module is used to extract morphological parameters from the basic data. The volume-area fitting module is used to obtain the fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​glacial lakes. Theoretical Volume module, used to obtain the theoretical volume of glacial lakes; The simultaneous equation module is used to combine the fitted formula of volume-area of ​​a glacial lake with the theoretical volume of the glacial lake to obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and the area of ​​the glacial lake. The glacial lake contour module generates glacial lake contours based on basic data, morphological parameters, scaling factors, and the relationship between the maximum depth and area of ​​the glacial lake. The glacial lake terrain module generates glacial lake terrain based on glacial lake isobaths.

[0038] In the basic data module: In some embodiments, the basic data includes the surface area, volume, maximum depth, and outline polygon of the ice lake.

[0039] In the morphological parameter module; Furthermore, morphological parameters are extracted from the outline polygon of the glacial lake, including the length of the major axis, the length of the minor axis, the center coordinates, and the direction angle of the major axis.

[0040] Furthermore, methods for extracting morphological parameters include: S021. Obtain the smallest rotated rectangle of the ice lake outline polygon; S022. Calculate the length of each side of the minimum rotating rectangle. Define the long side of the rectangle as the major axis and the short side of the rectangle as the minor axis. Obtain the length of the major axis and the length of the minor axis respectively. S023. Determine the vector direction of the major axis and calculate the direction angle of the major axis; S024. Use the centroid of the smallest rotating rectangle as the center coordinate of the ice lake.

[0041] In the volume-area fitting module: It is understandable that by plotting a scatter plot of the volume and area of ​​a glacial lake, it is found that the volume and area of ​​the glacial lake follow a power function relationship, so the fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​a glacial lake adopts a power function.

[0042] Furthermore, the volume-area fitting formula for the glacial lake is: ; In the formula, The actual volume of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; and The fitting coefficients are dimensionless.

[0043] Understandable. and It was obtained by fitting using the least squares method.

[0044] In the theoretical volume module: Furthermore, based on the similarity scaling assumption of isobaths, the theoretical volume of the glacial lake is obtained. The formula for the theoretical volume of the glacial lake is: ; In the formula, The theoretical volume of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; The depth of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The maximum depth of the glacial lake, in units of: ; Scaling factor, unit: dimensionless.

[0045] In the combined module: Furthermore, the fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​the glacial lake is established. Formula for the theoretical volume of a glacial lake ,make = This allows us to obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and its area, as shown in the following formula: ; In the formula, Scaling factor, unit: dimensionless; and These are the fitting coefficients, in dimensionless form. The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; The maximum depth of the glacial lake, in units of: .

[0046] In the glacial lake isobath module: Furthermore, methods for generating isobaths of glacial lakes include: S061, Obtain the isobath intervals of the glacial lake. Based on the maximum depth of the glacial lake and contour intervals Determine the depth contour levels, that is, calculate the total number of depth contour levels. The outline polygon is layer 0, and its coordinates to the center are layer 1. n layer; S062, according to scaling factor p The contour polygon is scaled proportionally towards the center coordinates to generate isobaths for each level of the glacial lake.

[0047] For example, the isobath spacing It is 0.1m.

[0048] It can be understood that the contour polygon is the 0th layer of the isobath, with a depth of 0. For the 0th layer... i Layer, its depth is , i The range is 0, 1, 2, ..., n; up to the nth layer, the depth is... .

[0049] It is understandable that, for the first i Layer contour lines, their depth is ( ).

[0050] Understandable. and Given the data, through The scaling factor can be calculated directly. .

[0051] In the ice lake terrain module: Furthermore, methods for generating glacial lake topography include: S071. Determine the grid coverage area based on the isobath of the glacial lake and generate uniformly distributed planar grid points; S072. Determine whether each grid point is inside the outline polygon. The value of a grid point that is not inside the outline polygon is 0. S073. If the grid points are within the outline polygon, determine the depth level based on the contour line where the grid points are located. iAssign the depth value corresponding to the grid point. This continues until all grid points have been assigned depth values, meaning the initial terrain has been formed. S074. Apply Gaussian filtering to the initial terrain to generate the ice lake terrain.

[0052] It's understandable that applying a Gaussian filter to the initial terrain makes the generated terrain smoother.

[0053] It is understandable that the grid coverage is determined by the polygonal boundaries of the isobaths of the glacial lake.

[0054] Thirdly, this application provides a computer device including a storage device and a processor, wherein the storage device stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the ice lake topography estimation method described above.

[0055] The computer device can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The computer device can interact with the user via a keyboard, mouse, remote control, touchpad, or voice control.

[0056] The memory includes at least one type of readable storage medium, including flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or D-interface display memory), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory may be an internal storage unit of the computer device, such as the hard disk or memory of the computer device. In other embodiments, the memory may also be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital card (SD), flash card, etc., equipped on the computer device. Of course, the memory may include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the computer device. In this embodiment, the memory is often used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the computer device, such as the program code of the ice lake topography estimation method. In addition, the memory can also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or will be output.

[0057] In some embodiments, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other data processing chip. The processor is typically used to control the overall operation of the computer device. In this embodiment, the processor is used to run program code stored in the memory or process data, for example, to run the program code for the ice lake topography estimation method.

[0058] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the ice lake topography estimation method described above.

[0059] The computer-readable storage medium stores an interface display program that can be executed by at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the steps of the glacial lake topography estimation method described above.

[0060] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the ice lake topography estimation method described in the embodiments of this application.

[0061] The invention will be further described below with reference to application examples.

[0062] Application examples In this application example, the data for a domestic glacial lake was acquired through remote sensing and field measurements. The data includes the lake's outline, maximum depth (8.07 m), area (7195.27 m²), and measured volume (27100 m³). When extracting parameters, the grid resolution was set to 150×150, and the isobath interval was 0.1 m. The isobaths were generated using the lake's geometric center as the scaling origin. An empirical formula was derived by fitting existing glacial lake area and volume data for the region: the volume-area empirical formula (a=0.0445, b=1.5). The fitted image is shown below. Figure 2 As shown in the figure. The scaling factor, calculated based on the fitted volume-area empirical formula and the isobath similarity scaling assumption, is p = 0.8781; a Gaussian filter with sigma=1 is used in terrain generation to eliminate discrete errors. Under the above parameter conditions, the estimation of the glacial lake topography was successfully achieved, and the terrain estimation results are shown in the figure. Figures 3 to 6As shown, Figure 3 To fill in the contour map, a blue gradient is used to visually represent the depth distribution (light blue represents shallow water areas, and dark blue represents deep water areas), with solid red lines marking the major axis and dashed orange lines marking the minor axis; Figure 4 It is a 3D lake bottom topographic map, clearly showing the undulating shape of the lake bottom; Figure 5 Major axis section and Figure 6 The short-axis cross-sectional views reflect the depth variation along the axis. The lake surface height is set to 0 m, and the negative depth value represents the corresponding vertical downward distance from the lake surface.

[0063] The calculated volume of the isobath was 26,798.34 m³, with a relative error of 1.11% compared to the measured volume, thus verifying the accuracy of the glacial lake topography estimation method proposed in this application.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the topography of glacial lakes, characterized in that, include: Obtain basic data on the glacial lake; Extract morphological parameters from the basic data; Obtain the fitted formula for the volume-area of ​​the glacial lake; To obtain the theoretical volume of the glacial lake; By combining the volume-area fitting formula of the glacial lake with the theoretical volume of the glacial lake, we can obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and its area. Based on the basic data, morphological parameters, scaling factors, and the relationship between the maximum depth and area of ​​the glacial lake, isobaths of the glacial lake are generated. Glacial lake topography is generated based on the isobaths of the glacial lake.

2. The method for estimating the topography of a glacial lake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic data includes the surface area, volume, maximum depth, and outline polygon of the glacial lake; and / or The fitted formula for the volume-area of ​​a glacial lake is: ； In the formula, The actual volume of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; and For fitting coefficients, units: dimensionless; and / or The theoretical volume of a glacial lake is obtained based on the similarity scaling assumption of isobaths. The formula for the theoretical volume of a glacial lake is: ； In the formula, The theoretical volume of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; The depth of the glacial lake, in units of: ; The maximum depth of the glacial lake, in units of: ; Scaling factor, unit: dimensionless.

3. The method for estimating the topography of a glacial lake according to claim 2, characterized in that, Morphological parameters are extracted from the outline polygon of the glacial lake, including the length of the major axis, the length of the minor axis, the center coordinates, and the direction angle of the major axis.

4. The method for estimating the topography of a glacial lake according to claim 3, characterized in that, Methods for extracting morphological parameters include: Find the smallest rotated rectangle of the ice lake outline polygon; Calculate the lengths of each side of the minimum rotated rectangle, define the long side of the rectangle as the major axis, and the short side of the rectangle as the minor axis, and obtain the lengths of the major axis and minor axis respectively; Determine the vector direction of the major axis and calculate the direction angle of the major axis; The centroid of the smallest rotating rectangle is used as the center coordinate of the ice lake.

5. The method for estimating the topography of a glacial lake according to claim 2, characterized in that, Fitting formulas for the volume and area of ​​glacial lakes Formula for the theoretical volume of a glacial lake ,make = This allows us to obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and its area, as shown in the following formula: ； In the formula, Scaling factor, unit: dimensionless; and These are the fitting coefficients, in dimensionless form. The area of ​​the glacial lake, in units of: ; The maximum depth of the glacial lake, in units of: .

6. The method for estimating the topography of a glacial lake according to claim 5, characterized in that, Methods for generating isobaths of glacial lakes include: Obtain the isobath intervals of the glacial lake Based on the maximum depth of the glacial lake and contour intervals Determine the depth contour levels, that is, calculate the total number of depth contour levels. The outline polygon is layer 0, and its coordinates to the center are layer 1. n layer; According to scaling factor p The contour polygon is scaled proportionally towards the center coordinates to generate isobaths for each level of the glacial lake.

7. The method for estimating the topography of a glacial lake according to claim 6, characterized in that, Methods for generating glacial lake terrain include: The grid coverage area is determined based on the isobath of the glacial lake, and uniformly distributed planar grid points are generated. Determine whether each grid point is inside the outline polygon; a value of 0 indicates that the grid point is not inside the outline polygon. If the grid point is inside the outline polygon, it depends on the contour level where the grid point is located. i Assign the depth value corresponding to the grid point. This continues until all grid points have been assigned depth values, meaning the initial terrain has been formed. Gaussian filtering is applied to the initial terrain to generate the ice lake terrain.

8. A glacial lake topography estimation system, characterized in that, include: The basic data module is used to obtain basic data about the glacial lake; The morphological parameter module is used to extract morphological parameters from the basic data. The volume-area fitting module is used to obtain the fitting formula for the volume-area of ​​glacial lakes. Theoretical Volume module, used to obtain the theoretical volume of glacial lakes; The simultaneous equation module is used to combine the fitted formula of volume-area of ​​a glacial lake with the theoretical volume of the glacial lake to obtain the scaling factor and the relationship between the maximum depth of the glacial lake and the area of ​​the glacial lake. The glacial lake contour module generates glacial lake contours based on basic data, morphological parameters, scaling factors, and the relationship between the maximum depth and area of ​​the glacial lake. The glacial lake terrain module generates glacial lake terrain based on glacial lake isobaths.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes a storage device and a processor, the storage device storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The device stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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