Antenna and electronic equipment
By designing an antenna structure that integrates right-hand and left-hand circularly polarized feed networks, the problem that right-hand GNSS antennas cannot adapt to left-hand L-band satellite-based signals was solved, achieving integrated signal reception and reducing system complexity and cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511207423.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, right-hand GNSS antennas cannot be adapted to left-hand L-band satellite-based signal reception, resulting in high system complexity and cost.
Design an antenna structure comprising an antenna board and a receiving circuit board, employing right-hand and left-hand circularly polarized feed networks, and combining the feed networks and receiving circuit to achieve integrated reception of right-hand and left-hand L-band satellite-based signals, avoiding the use of two separate receiving antennas and receivers.
It achieves integrated reception of right-hand and left-hand rotary Lband satellite-based signals, reducing system complexity and cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN120933657A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of satellite positioning technology, and in particular relates to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] Receiving Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals requires an antenna. With the development of satellite positioning technology, GNSS receiving equipment is evolving towards greater functionality, portability, and miniaturization. The integration of multi-functional antennas is becoming increasingly important, yet also challenging, as the mutual coupling after antenna integration also affects the performance of GNSS antennas.
[0003] In related technologies, right-hand GNSS and right-hand L-band satellite-based signals are integrated into a single antenna to receive both. However, L-band communication satellite signals come in two types: right-hand L-band and left-hand L-band. A right-hand GNSS antenna cannot be adapted to receive left-hand L-band signals. The most direct way to receive both right-hand GNSS and left-hand L-band signals is to use two separate receiving antennas and receivers, each receiving the GNSS and L-band signals respectively. However, this results in higher system complexity and cost. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides an antenna and electronic device that can solve the problems of high system complexity and cost.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna, including: an antenna board, a connector, and an antenna receiving circuit board; the connector is used to connect the antenna board and the antenna receiving circuit board.
[0006] The first side of the antenna board is provided with a GNSS first band radiating element, and the second side of the antenna board is provided with four coupled feed elements, four feed points corresponding to the four coupled feed elements, and a GNSS second band radiating element; the GNSS first band radiating element and the GNSS second band radiating element are connected by metal vias;
[0007] The antenna receiving circuit board includes a feed network and a receiving circuit;
[0008] The power supply network includes right-hand circularly polarized power supply networks and left-hand circularly polarized power supply networks;
[0009] The receiving circuit includes a GNSS receiver sub-circuit, an L-band receiver sub-circuit, a power divider, a switch, a GNSS band filter, and a combiner sub-circuit.
[0010] The right-hand circularly polarized feeder network is connected to one end of the GNSS receiver sub-circuit;
[0011] The left-hand circularly polarized feeder network is connected to one end of the L-band receiver sub-circuit;
[0012] The other end of the GNSS receiver sub-circuit is connected to the first end of the power divider;
[0013] The other end of the L-band receiver sub-circuit is connected to the first moving end of the switch;
[0014] The second terminal of the power divider is connected to the second moving terminal of the switch;
[0015] The third terminal of the power divider is connected to the input terminal of the GNSS band filter;
[0016] The stationary terminal of the switch and the output terminal of the GNSS band filter are connected to the combiner circuit.
[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including:
[0018] The antenna provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0019] In this embodiment, the antenna includes an antenna board, a connector, and an antenna receiving circuit board. The connector is used to connect the antenna board and the antenna receiving circuit board. A first surface of the antenna board is provided with a GNSS first-band radiating element, and a second surface of the antenna board is provided with four coupled feed elements, four feed points corresponding to the four coupled feed elements, and a GNSS second-band radiating element. The GNSS first-band radiating element and the GNSS second-band radiating element are connected through metal vias. The antenna receiving circuit board includes a feed network and a receiving circuit. The feed network includes a right-hand circularly polarized feed network and a left-hand circularly polarized feed network. The circuit includes a GNSS receiver sub-circuit, an L-band receiver sub-circuit, a power divider, a switch, a GNSS dual-band filter, and a combiner sub-circuit. A right-hand circularly polarized feed network is connected to one end of the GNSS receiver sub-circuit; a left-hand circularly polarized feed network is connected to one end of the L-band receiver sub-circuit; the other end of the GNSS receiver sub-circuit is connected to the first end of the power divider; the other end of the L-band receiver sub-circuit is connected to the first moving end of the switch; the second end of the power divider is connected to the second moving end of the switch; the third end of the power divider is connected to the input end of the GNSS band filter; and the stationary end of the switch and the output end of the GNSS band filter are connected to the combiner sub-circuit. The antenna in this embodiment can receive both right-hand circularly polarized L-band satellite signals and left-hand circularly polarized L-band satellite signals, avoiding the need for two separate receiving antennas and receivers, thus reducing system complexity and cost. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the antenna structure provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first side of an antenna board provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second side of an antenna board provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna receiving circuit board provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna receiving circuit board provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will be described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain this application and not to limit it. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples.
[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0028] The antenna and electronic equipment provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.
[0029] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of antenna structures provided in some embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the antenna 10 may include: an antenna plate 101, a connector 102, and an antenna receiving circuit board 103; the connector 102 is used to connect the antenna plate 101 and the antenna receiving circuit board 103.
[0030] In some embodiments of this application, the antenna board 101 and the antenna receiving circuit board 103 may be arranged relative to each other.
[0031] In some embodiments of this application, the connector is a device for physically and electrically connecting two electronic components, devices or systems. Its main function is to provide a reliable electrical signal or data transmission channel and to facilitate plugging and unplugging operations.
[0032] In some embodiments of this application, the antenna board 101 may be a passive antenna board.
[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the antenna board 101 includes a double-sided printed circuit board (PCB).
[0034] The first side of the double-sided PCB is provided with a GNSS first band radiating unit, and the second side of the double-sided PCB is provided with four coupling feed units, four feed points corresponding to the four coupling feed units, and a GNSS second band radiating unit; the GNSS first band radiating unit and the GNSS second band radiating unit are connected by metal vias.
[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the first surface can be the top surface and the second surface can be the bottom surface.
[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the GNSS first band radiation unit in the embodiments of this application can be a GNSS high-frequency band radiation unit, and the GNSS second band radiation unit can be a GNSS low-frequency band radiation unit.
[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the GNSS first band radiating element is a circular structure.
[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the first side of the double-sided PCB is further provided with four antenna feed holes located in the GNSS first frequency band radiation unit, which correspond one-to-one with the four feed points. The four antenna feed holes are connected to the four feed points by metal connectors, wherein the metal connectors can be metal rivets.
[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first side of an antenna board provided in some embodiments of this application.
[0040] exist Figure 2 In the middle, the first surface 200 of the antenna plate is provided with a circular GNSS first frequency band radiating element 201, four antenna feed holes 202, four metal vias 203 and eight grounding vias 204.
[0041] The four antenna feed holes 202 are connected to the four feed points respectively through metal connectors. The metal via 203 connects the GNSS first band radiation element 201 and the GNSS second band radiation element. The grounding via 204 is connected to the grounding point.
[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the four coupled power supply units in the embodiments of this application can be mutually independent sector-shaped structures.
[0043] In some embodiments of this application, the GNSS second-band radiating element is a ring structure with the same center as the four coupled feed elements and surrounding the four coupled feed elements.
[0044] In some embodiments of this application, the circumference of the GNSS first band radiating element is located between the outer and inner circumferences of the GNSS second band radiating element with a ring structure.
[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second side of an antenna board provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 3 In the middle, the second surface 300 of the antenna board is provided with four fan-shaped coupling feed units 301, four feed points 302, a ring structure GNSS second band radiation unit 303 with the same center as the four coupling feed units 301 and surrounding the four coupling feed units 301, four metal vias 304 and eight grounding vias 305.
[0046] Four feed points 302 are connected to four antenna feed holes via metal connectors; metal vias 304 connect the GNSS first band radiating element and the GNSS second band radiating element 303; and grounding vias 305 are connected to the grounding point.
[0047] In some embodiments of this application, the second surface 300 of the antenna board may also be provided with a WiFi antenna, such as... Figure 3 The thick black lines in the text.
[0048] In some embodiments of this application, the circumference of the GNSS first band radiating element is located between the outer and inner circumferences of the GNSS second band radiating element with a ring structure.
[0049] In some embodiments of this application, the antenna receiving circuit board includes a feeding network and a receiving circuit; the feeding network includes a right-hand circularly polarized feeding network and a left-hand circularly polarized feeding network; the receiving circuit includes a GNSS receiving sub-circuit, an L-band receiving sub-circuit, a power divider, a switch, a GNSS band filter, and a combining sub-circuit; the right-hand circularly polarized feeding network is connected to one end of the GNSS receiving sub-circuit; the left-hand circularly polarized feeding network is connected to one end of the L-band receiving sub-circuit; the other end of the GNSS receiving sub-circuit is connected to the first end of the power divider; the other end of the L-band receiving sub-circuit is connected to the first moving end of the switch; the second end of the power divider is connected to the second moving end of the switch; the third end of the power divider is connected to the input end of the GNSS band filter; the stationary end of the switch and the output end of the GNSS band filter are connected to the combining sub-circuit.
[0050] Among them, the right-hand circularly polarized feed network can be a right-hand circularly polarized GNSS feed network, and the left-hand circularly polarized feed network can be a left-hand circularly polarized Lband feed network.
[0051] In some embodiments of this application, Lband refers to the radio spectrum with a frequency range between 1 GHz and 2 GHz. In Lband, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) means that the electric field vector rotates along the propagation direction according to the left-hand rule during the propagation of the electromagnetic wave; right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) means that the electric field vector rotates along the propagation direction according to the right-hand rule during the propagation of the electromagnetic wave.
[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the power divider in the embodiments of this application can be a 3dB bridge coupler. The 3dB bridge coupler is a device in the field of electronics or communications. Its function is to divide the input signal into two equal-amplitude signal outputs, and the two signals are 90° out of phase or combine the two signals into one output.
[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna receiving circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 4 In the antenna receiving circuit board 103, there are a feeding network 401 and a receiving circuit 402; the feeding network 401 includes a right-hand circularly polarized feeding network 4011 and a left-hand circularly polarized feeding network 4012; the receiving circuit 402 includes a GNSS receiving sub-circuit 4021, an Lband receiving sub-circuit 4022, a power divider 4023, a switch 4024, a GNSS band filter 4025, and a combiner sub-circuit 4026.
[0054] The right-hand circularly polarized feeder network 4011 is connected to one end of the GNSS receiver sub-circuit 4021; the left-hand circularly polarized feeder network 4012 is connected to one end of the L-band receiver sub-circuit 4022; the other end of the GNSS receiver sub-circuit 4021 is connected to the first end of the power divider 4023; the other end of the L-band receiver sub-circuit 4022 is connected to the first moving end of the switch 4024; the second end of the power divider 4023 is connected to the second moving end of the switch 4024; the third end of the power divider 4023 is connected to the input end of the GNSS band filter 4025; the stationary end of the switch 4024 and the output end of the GNSS band filter 4025 are connected to the combiner circuit 4026.
[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the switch in the embodiments of this application can be a single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) or a double-pole double-throw switch (DPDT).
[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the right-hand circularly polarized feed network includes a first coupler, a second coupler, and a third coupler; the left-hand circularly polarized feed network includes a first coupler, a second coupler, and a fourth coupler; the input terminal of the first coupler is connected to the coupling terminal of the fourth coupler; the isolation terminal of the first coupler is connected to the output terminal of the third coupler; the output terminal of the first coupler is connected to the third feed point; the coupling terminal of the first coupler is connected to the fourth feed point; the isolation terminal of the second coupler is connected to the output terminal of the fourth coupler; the input terminal of the second coupler is connected to the coupling terminal of the third coupler; the output terminal of the second coupler is connected to the first feed point; the coupling terminal of the second coupler is connected to the second feed point; the input terminal of the third coupler is connected to the GNSS receiver sub-circuit; the input terminal of the fourth coupler is connected to the Lband receiver sub-circuit; the isolation terminals of the third and fourth couplers are grounded.
[0057] In some embodiments of this application, the GNSS receiver sub-circuit and the Lband receiver sub-circuit include a filter and an amplifier. A filter is an electronic or signal processing device or system that selectively allows signals of a specific frequency range to pass through while suppressing signals of other frequencies.
[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the amplifier may be a low-noise amplifier (LNA). An LNA is an electronic amplifier that amplifies weak signals while minimizing noise.
[0059] The embodiments of this application do not limit the number of filters and amplifiers included in the GNSS receiver sub-circuit and the Lband receiver sub-circuit, and any available method can be applied to the embodiments of this application.
[0060] In some embodiments of this application, the combiner circuit may include a combiner and an amplifier.
[0061] In some embodiments of this application, the combiner in the embodiments of this application can be a 3dB bridge coupler.
[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of an antenna receiving circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 5 In the antenna receiving circuit board 103, there are a feeding network 401 and a receiving circuit 402; the feeding network 401 includes a right-hand circularly polarized feeding network 4011 and a left-hand circularly polarized feeding network 4012; the receiving circuit 402 includes a GNSS receiving sub-circuit 4021, an Lband receiving sub-circuit 4022, a power divider 4023, a switch 4024, a GNSS band filter 4025, and a combiner sub-circuit 4026.
[0063] The right-hand circularly polarized feed network 4011 includes a first coupler1, a second coupler2, and a third coupler3; the left-hand circularly polarized feed network 4012 includes a first coupler1, a second coupler2, and a fourth coupler4; the GNSS receiver sub-circuit 4021 includes two filters and two LNAs; the Lband receiver sub-circuit 4022 includes two filters and two LNAs; the power divider 4023 includes a 3dB bridge coupler; and the combiner sub-circuit 4026 includes a 3dB bridge coupler and an LNA. The receiver circuit 402 also includes an Lband surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter; and the GNSS band filter 4025 includes a low-band filter and a high-band filter.
[0064] The input terminal of coupler1 is connected to the coupling terminal of coupler4; the isolation terminal of coupler1 is connected to the output terminal of coupler3; the output terminal of coupler1 is connected to the third feed point P3; the coupling terminal of coupler1 is connected to the fourth feed point P4; the isolation terminal of coupler2 is connected to the output terminal of coupler4; the input terminal of coupler2 is connected to the coupling terminal of coupler3; the output terminal of coupler2 is connected to the first feed point P1; the coupling terminal of coupler2 is connected to the second feed point P2; the input terminal of coupler3 is connected to the GNSS receiver sub-circuit 4021; the input terminal of coupler4 is connected to the Lband receiver sub-circuit; a grounding resistor R is connected to the isolation terminals of coupler3 and coupler4 respectively, where the grounding resistor can be 50 ohms.
[0065] Among them, the first feed point P1, the second feed point P2, the third feed point P3, and the fourth feed point P4 are four feed points on the antenna board.
[0066] When power is supplied to the input of the third coupler 3, the signals at feed points P1, P2, P3, and P4 satisfy the conditions of equal amplitude and a phase decreasing by 90° sequentially, thus realizing the function of a GNSS right-hand circular polarization feed network. In other words, through multiple couplers, the phase of the feed signal increases sequentially along the direction of multiple feed points (e.g., counterclockwise), thereby forming a GNSS right-hand circular polarization feed network. The GNSS right-hand circular polarization signal is then filtered and amplified by the GNSS receiver sub-circuit 4021.
[0067] When power is supplied to the input of the fourth coupler 4, the signals at the supply points P1, P2, P3, and P4 satisfy equal amplitude and sequentially increase in phase by 90°, thus realizing the function of the Lband left-hand circular polarization feed network. In other words, through multiple couplers, the phase of the supply signal increases sequentially along the direction of multiple supply points (e.g., clockwise), thereby forming the Lband left-hand circular polarization feed network. The Lband left-hand circular polarization signal is then filtered and amplified by the Lband receiving sub-circuit 4022.
[0068] The GNSS right-hand circularly polarized signal is separated into two right-hand circularly polarized signals by a 3dB bridge coupler. The first right-hand circularly polarized signal and the left-hand circularly polarized signal are selected by switch 4024 and then pass through an L-band SAW filter to form an L-band narrowband signal. The second right-hand circularly polarized signal is passed through a GNSS band filter 4025 to form a GNSS dual-frequency signal. The GNSS dual-frequency signal and the L-band narrowband signal are combined and amplified by a 3dB bridge coupler and an LNA in a combiner circuit 4026. The combined and amplified RF signal contains both the GNSS signal and the satellite-based L-band signal, and the L-band signal can be switched between right-hand and left-hand circularly polarized signals via a switch.
[0069] This application also provides an electronic device including the antenna provided in this application embodiment.
[0070] In the embodiments of this application, it is possible to receive both right-handed L-band satellite-based signals and left-handed L-band satellite-based signals, avoiding the use of two separate receiving antennas and receivers, thereby reducing system complexity and cost.
[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, and those skilled in the art can clearly understand it. It should be understood that the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. An antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes: an antenna plate, a connector, and an antenna receiving circuit board; the connector is used to connect the antenna plate and the antenna receiving circuit board. The first side of the antenna board is provided with a GNSS first band radiating element, and the second side of the antenna board is provided with four coupling feed elements, four feed points corresponding to the four coupling feed elements, and a GNSS second band radiating element; the GNSS first band radiating element and the GNSS second band radiating element are connected by metal vias; The antenna receiving circuit board includes a power supply network and a receiving circuit. The power supply network includes a right-hand circularly polarized power supply network and a left-hand circularly polarized power supply network; The receiving circuit includes a GNSS receiver sub-circuit, an L-band receiver sub-circuit, a power divider, a switch, a GNSS band filter, and a combiner sub-circuit. The right-hand circularly polarized feeder network is connected to one end of the GNSS receiver sub-circuit; The left-hand circularly polarized feeder network is connected to one end of the L-band receiver sub-circuit. The other end of the GNSS receiver sub-circuit is connected to the first end of the power divider; The other end of the L-band receiver sub-circuit is connected to the first moving end of the switch; The second terminal of the power divider is connected to the second moving terminal of the switch; The third terminal of the power divider is connected to the input terminal of the GNSS band filter; The stationary terminal of the switch and the output terminal of the GNSS band filter are connected to the combiner circuit.
2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right-hand circularly polarized electron feed network includes a first coupler, a second coupler, and a third coupler; the left-hand circularly polarized electron feed network includes the first coupler, the second coupler, and a fourth coupler. The input terminal of the first coupler is connected to the coupling terminal of the fourth coupler; The isolation terminal of the first coupler is connected to the output terminal of the third coupler; The output of the first coupler is connected to the third feed point; The coupling end of the first coupler is connected to the fourth feed point; The isolation terminal of the second coupler is connected to the output terminal of the fourth coupler; The input terminal of the second coupler is connected to the coupling terminal of the third coupler; The output of the second coupler is connected to the first feed point; The coupling end of the second coupler is connected to the second feed point; The input terminal of the third coupler is connected to the GNSS receiver sub-circuit. The input terminal of the fourth coupler is connected to the L-band receiver sub-circuit. The isolation terminals of the third coupler and the fourth coupler are grounded.
3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four coupled power supply units are independent sector-shaped structures.
4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The GNSS second-band radiating element is a ring structure with the same center as the four coupled feed elements and surrounding the four coupled feed elements.
5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first frequency band radiating element of the GNSS has a circular structure.
6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The circumference of the first band radiating element of the GNSS is located between the outer and inner circumferences of the second band radiating element of the annular structure.
7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first side of the antenna plate is also provided with four antenna feed holes located within the GNSS first frequency band radiation unit, which correspond one-to-one with the four feed points. The four antenna feed holes are connected to the four feed points by metal connectors.
8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The GNSS receiver sub-circuit and the L-band receiver sub-circuit include: a filter and an amplifier.
9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna board is a passive antenna board.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.