A high-voltage direct-current power supply system and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a high-voltage direct-current power supply system and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of power supply, which comprises a high-voltage direct-current main copper bar and a high-voltage direct-current backup copper bar connected in parallel to a high-voltage direct-current power supply, forms a redundant power supply path in the physical layer, monitors electrical parameters of the high-voltage direct-current main copper bar through a state monitoring module, and controls a module to quickly determine a fault based on monitoring data and generate a first switching control signal, so that a driving power supply path switching module automatically switches a load power supply path from the high-voltage direct-current main copper bar to the high-voltage direct-current backup copper bar, solves the problem of power supply interruption caused by copper bar failure in the high-voltage direct-current system, and achieves the beneficial effects of improving the continuity and reliability of the high-voltage direct-current power supply system and ensuring uninterrupted operation of the data center in the high-voltage power supply environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a high-voltage DC power supply system and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As data center computing density continues to increase, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power supply systems are gradually becoming the mainstream choice due to their high efficiency and high power density. However, in HVDC environments, if the power supply copper busbar fails due to insulation aging, loose connections, or external impacts, the consequences are far more severe than in low-voltage systems. The fault point is highly susceptible to arcing, generating high-temperature arcs that can burn out equipment in a very short time and may trigger a cascading effect, causing a power outage for the entire rack or area, affecting the continuous operation of the data center.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above-mentioned technical problems is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a high-voltage DC power supply system and electronic equipment to at least solve the problem of power outage caused by copper busbar failure in high-voltage DC systems.

[0005] This application provides a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power supply system, comprising: a HVDC main copper busbar and a HVDC backup copper busbar, both of which are connected in parallel to a HVDC power source; a status monitoring module configured to monitor the electrical parameters of the HVDC main copper busbar; a control module communicatively connected to the status monitoring module, configured to receive the electrical parameters and generate a first switching control signal when a fault is detected in the HVDC main copper busbar; and a power path switching module connected to the HVDC main copper busbar, the HVDC backup copper busbar, and the control module, configured to switch the load power supply path of the HVDC power supply system from the HVDC main copper busbar to the HVDC backup copper busbar in response to the first switching control signal.

[0006] This application also provides an electronic device, including a power supply cabinet, a high-voltage DC power supply system as described above disposed within the power supply cabinet, and a load connected to the high-voltage DC power supply system.

[0007] This application utilizes a parallel connection between a high-voltage DC main copper busbar and a high-voltage DC backup copper busbar to form a physical redundant power supply path. A status monitoring module monitors the electrical parameters of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar, and a control module quickly identifies faults based on the monitoring data and generates a first switching control signal. This enables the drive power path switching module to automatically switch the load power supply path from the high-voltage DC main copper busbar to the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar. This solves the problem of power outages caused by copper busbar faults in the high-voltage DC system, achieving the beneficial effects of improving the continuity and reliability of the high-voltage DC power supply system and ensuring uninterrupted operation of the data center in a high-voltage power supply environment. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage DC power supply system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another high-voltage DC power supply system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a load power supply path switching system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another load power supply path switching system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0014] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0015] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power supply system, including: a HVDC main copper busbar 11 and a HVDC backup copper busbar 12, both of which are connected in parallel to a HVDC power source; a status monitoring module 2 configured to monitor the electrical parameters of the HVDC main copper busbar 11; a control module 3 communicatively connected to the status monitoring module 2, configured to receive electrical parameters and generate a first switching control signal when a fault is detected in the HVDC main copper busbar 11; and a power path switching module 4 connected to the HVDC main copper busbar 11, the HVDC backup copper busbar 12, and the control module 3, configured to switch the load power supply path of the HVDC power supply system from the HVDC main copper busbar 11 to the HVDC backup copper busbar 12 in response to the first switching control signal.

[0017] The high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power supply system in this embodiment is applied to a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) cabinet. A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) cabinet is an integrated power distribution unit specifically designed to handle higher voltage levels of direct current (typically above 60V DC; the specific voltage range depends on the application scenario, and this embodiment uses...). (Example scenario). This type of cabinet contains various electrical components, such as circuit breakers, fuses, power distribution modules, and monitoring systems, to ensure safe and stable power distribution and provide necessary protection. In data center applications, it primarily provides stable DC power to servers, storage devices, etc., reducing energy loss during AC-to-DC conversion. This high-voltage DC power supply system deploys two high-voltage DC copper busbars: a main high-voltage DC copper busbar 11 and a backup high-voltage DC copper busbar 12. High-voltage DC busbars (HVDCBusbar) are conductive components used to transmit high currents, made of high-purity copper, and possess excellent conductivity and mechanical strength. This embodiment uses... High-voltage DC three-wire configuration, including the positive terminal ( ),negative electrode( It has three conductors: 1) and 2) and 3) ground (PE), with a maximum current carrying capacity of 1200A, and is suitable for high-power DC power supply scenarios such as data centers.

[0018] In this embodiment, the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 is used for normal power transmission. It is designed to withstand ±400V DC voltage, carry a current of 1200A, support power of over 1MW, and has an IP2X protection rating. It features a capacitor-compatible design and a multilayer structure, with a parasitic inductance of <10nH / cm. The high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 is covered with a 2mm thick epoxy resin powder coating (withstanding voltage 10KV / mm), and then covered with a polyester film (or a nano-ceramicized polyester film, 0.125mm thick) for double insulation. The high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12 is in a hot backup state with a switching delay of <20ms. Its current carrying capacity and other specifications are the same as those of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11.

[0019] It is understandable that both the main high-voltage DC busbar 11 and the backup high-voltage DC busbar 12 are connected in parallel to the same high-voltage DC power supply system. The main busbar undertakes the normal power supply task, while the backup busbar is in a hot backup state. The two have symmetrical structures and consistent performance. When the system is normal, the load is powered by the main busbar. When the main high-voltage DC busbar 11 fails, the system switches to the backup high-voltage DC busbar 12 for power supply. The switching process is completed within 20ms, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the load. The dual-busbar redundancy structure significantly improves system reliability, and the double insulation design and high protection level (IP2X) ensure operational safety. The multilayer structure and low parasitic inductance (<10nH / cm) facilitate the suppression of high-frequency noise and improve electromagnetic compatibility.

[0020] The status monitoring module 2 is a hardware and software combination used to acquire the electrical parameters of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 in real time, including but not limited to voltage transformers, current transformers, temperature sensors, and signal conditioning circuits. This status monitoring module 2 is directly connected to each pole of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 via sensors and is connected to the control module 3 via a communication interface (such as CAN (Controller Area Network), RS485 (Recommended Standard 485), or Ethernet). The status monitoring module 2 continuously monitors the voltage, current, temperature, and other parameters of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 and uploads the data to the control module 3 in real time.

[0021] Control module 3 can be a microprocessor or a programmable logic controller (PLC), possessing the capabilities of data reception, logical judgment, and control signal output. Control module 3 is connected to both the status monitoring module 2 and the power path switching module 4. It analyzes the received electrical parameters, and if a fault is detected in the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11, it generates a first switching control signal, triggering the power path switching module 4 to operate. This achieves automated fault response, reduces manual intervention, improves switching speed and accuracy, and ensures continuous power supply to the load.

[0022] The power path switching module 4 is connected to the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11, the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12, and the control module 3, supporting rapid switching and high current carrying capacity. The control terminal of the power path switching module 4 receives switching control signals from the control module 3. Upon receiving the first switching control signal, the power path switching module 4 completes the power supply switching from the main copper busbar to the backup copper busbar within a preset time period (20ms), ensuring electrical isolation and load safety during the process, thus achieving seamless switching and minimizing power interruption time. The main and backup copper busbars of this high-voltage DC power supply system are hot-backed up to each other; a failure of any copper busbar does not affect load operation. Fully automatic fault detection and switching are possible. The copper busbars employ a double insulation structure, are covered with an external metal protective plate and grounded, preventing electric shock and short-circuit risks. The layered design and low parasitic inductance effectively suppress high-frequency interference, making it suitable for sensitive environments such as data centers.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments: In an exemplary embodiment, the status monitoring module 2 includes: a ground impedance monitoring unit 21, configured to measure the ground impedance of the high voltage DC main copper bus 11; the electrical parameters include the ground impedance; the control module 3 is specifically configured to determine that a first type of fault has occurred in the high voltage DC main copper bus 11 when the change value of the ground impedance exceeds a first preset threshold, and generate a first switching control signal corresponding to the first type of fault.

[0024] Ground impedance testing is an important method for assessing the quality of the connection between equipment or circuits and the ground in an electrical system. It is primarily used to prevent electrical faults, protect personnel safety, and prevent equipment damage. Through ground impedance testing, the health status of the grounding system can be effectively assessed, ensuring the safety and stability of the power system.

[0025] The status monitoring module 2 in this embodiment includes a ground impedance monitoring unit 21. This unit is configured to measure the ground impedance of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 and use it as one of the electrical parameters. Specifically, the ground impedance monitoring unit 21 achieves high-precision measurement using a four-wire Kelvin detection method. Its detection point is directly set at the circuit connection position at the top of the high-voltage copper busbar input electrode, enabling precise measurement. It continuously monitors the ground impedance status with high accuracy and a 100ms cycle interval, and has a contact detection sensitivity of 30mA leakage current. The ground impedance monitoring unit 21 uploads the processed data to the control module 3.

[0026] When the control module 3 determines that the change in impedance to ground exceeds the first preset threshold, it confirms that the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11 has a first type of fault (mainly referring to insulation deterioration or grounding abnormality), and generates a corresponding first switching control signal, thereby realizing the uninterrupted transfer of the power supply path through the power path switching module 4.

[0027] In terms of implementation, the ground impedance monitoring unit 21, as a cyclic detection unit, integrates multiple reliability designs, including but not limited to a hardware watchdog circuit for timeout reset, dual RAM (Random Access Memory) verification storage to ensure data integrity, and current source short-circuit protection function compliant with UL61010-1 standard. The overall design meets the SIL (Safety Integrity Level) 2 safety level requirements. This allows for effective assessment of the grounding system's health status, prevention of electrical faults, and protection of equipment and personnel safety. Furthermore, continuous monitoring of ground impedance provides the system with early fault warning capabilities. Its detection data is collected in real-time by sensors deployed in the system and transmitted to the ground impedance detection module (or monitoring center) in the distribution cabinet, thereby driving the ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch) to perform corresponding operations, forming a closed-loop automated control from detection and judgment to execution.

[0028] In an exemplary embodiment, the ground impedance monitoring unit 21 is specifically configured to measure the ground impedance at at least two different locations on the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11; the control module 3 is further configured to, when it is determined that a first type of fault has occurred on the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11, determine the location information of the fault point on the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11 based on the ground impedance at at least two different locations and the total impedance of the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11, and generate a fault alarm containing the location information.

[0029] In this embodiment, the ground impedance monitoring unit 21 employs a four-wire Kelvin detection method, synchronously measuring the ground impedance at at least two different locations on the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 using distributed sensors, achieving a measurement accuracy of [missing information]. The system performs cyclic detection with a period of 100ms. The control module 3 not only determines that a first type of fault (such as insulation degradation) has occurred when the change value of the impedance to ground at any monitoring point exceeds the first preset threshold, and generates a first switching control signal to start the power supply path switching, but also, when determining the fault, determines the precise location information of the fault point by using impedance data from at least two different locations, combined with the total impedance model of the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11, through an impedance differential location algorithm, and generates a fault alarm containing the location information.

[0030] This embodiment, through its precise fault location function, greatly shortens the time for fault diagnosis and repair, reduces the risk of system downtime, and thus provides a solution for high-voltage DC power supply systems of critical facilities such as data centers, from fault detection and isolation to location maintenance.

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment, the control module 3 is specifically configured to, when a first type of fault is determined to occur in the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11, determine the location information of the fault point on the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 using a first relational expression, and generate a fault alarm containing the location information. The first relational expression is: ;in, The impedance at the top of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 is... The impedance at the bottom of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 is... The impedance from the fault point to the top. The impedance from the fault point to the bottom. For human body resistance, The total impedance of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 is given.

[0032] In this embodiment, the control module 3 is configured to: when a first-type fault (such as insulation degradation) is determined to have occurred in the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 based on the data from the ground impedance monitoring unit 21, it not only immediately generates a switching control signal to initiate protective power supply switching, but also uses a precise first relational formula to determine the specific location of the fault point on the copper busbar. Since the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 is a uniform conductor, its resistance per unit length is constant and known; therefore, the impedance distribution of the copper busbar is uniform, and its total impedance... This is a known quantity. Using sensors deployed at the top and bottom of the copper busbar, the system synchronously measures the impedance to ground at two locations: the impedance at the top and the impedance to ground at the bottom. and bottom impedance to ground The impedance of the copper busbar itself from the fault point to the top can be calculated. ) and the impedance of the copper busbar itself from the fault point to the bottom. and satisfy The constraints. The specific location of the fault point is determined by the ratio. Directly determine, for example, if calculated to obtain and The fault point is located from the top downwards. Location. Location depends on and It is the pure impedance of the copper busbar itself. The first relationship effectively eliminates the interference of human body impedance (a variable that varies drastically due to factors such as skin moisture and contact area) on the positioning results from the measured values. This makes the positioning logic independent of accidental conditions such as whether there was human contact when the fault occurred, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the positioning results.

[0033] This embodiment can directly guide maintenance personnel to the precise fault point with an extremely small error range (e.g., ±5cm level), completely changing the traditional solution that requires manual segment-by-segment troubleshooting, thereby greatly shortening the fault troubleshooting and system repair time and effectively reducing unplanned downtime.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment, the control module 3 is further configured to determine the fault section based on the location information of the fault point, and control the circuit breaker connected to the input side of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 to perform an isolation operation to disconnect the fault section from the upstream power supply.

[0035] In this embodiment, after determining the location information of the fault point based on the ground impedance monitoring data, the control module 3 also compares the location information with the preset copper bus electrical segment topology to determine the specific segment to which the fault belongs. The control module 3 sends a tripping command to the circuit breaker connected to the input side of the high-voltage DC main copper bus 11 through its preset communication interface (such as a hard contact or industrial bus), driving the circuit breaker to perform a precise isolation operation, thereby completely disconnecting the identified fault segment from the upstream power supply. Here, the circuit breaker refers to a switching device that can connect, carry, and analyze current under normal circuit conditions, and can carry and disconnect current under abnormal circuit conditions for a specified time. In this system, it is used as a key protective isolation element.

[0036] As an optional embodiment, the control module 3 can pre-store the correspondence between the physical segments and electrical nodes of the copper busbar. Once the control module 3 calculates the precise location of the fault point (e.g., "from top to bottom") using the aforementioned positioning algorithm... Once the fault is identified (e.g., "third power supply section"), it will be immediately mapped to a preset physical section number (e.g., "third power supply section"). Subsequently, the control module 3 sends a control signal to the circuit breaker responsible for supplying power to the upstream of that section via a digital output module or a protection relay, triggering its tripping coil to achieve electrical isolation. The entire process is automatic after fault diagnosis and main / backup switching are completed, requiring no manual intervention.

[0037] This embodiment, by precisely isolating the faulty section, not only completely eliminates the fault source and prevents the fault's impact from spreading along the copper busbar, ensuring normal power supply to non-faulty sections and minimizing the power outage area, but also creates safe conditions for subsequent live-line maintenance or thermal maintenance. This minimizes the impact of a single-point fault on the continuity of the overall power supply system and comprehensively enhances the maintainability of the high-voltage DC power supply system.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment, the control module 3 is further configured to reactivate the high-voltage DC main copper busbar according to a preset recovery operation after the power supply path is switched to the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12, and generate a second switching control signal if the change value of the impedance to ground is less than a second preset threshold; the power path switching module 4 is further configured to switch the power supply path from the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12 to the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 in response to the second switching control signal.

[0039] In this embodiment, after the power supply path has been switched to the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12 and the system is operating stably, the control module 3 will attempt to reactivate the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 according to the preset recovery operation procedure. First, the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 is powered on again, and the status monitoring module 2 continuously acquires the ground impedance data of the main copper busbar. Then, these real-time data are compared with a second preset threshold (this threshold is lower than the first preset threshold that triggers fault switching, representing a higher safety standard for system recovery). If the monitoring data shows that the change value of the ground impedance of the main copper busbar has been stably lower than the second preset threshold, it proves that its insulation state has been restored to an acceptable safety level. At this time, the control module 3 will generate a second switching control signal. Correspondingly, the power path switching module 4 will immediately respond to this signal and perform a reverse switching operation to safely and smoothly switch the load power supply path from the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12 back to the restored high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11.

[0040] Understandably, this recovery process typically includes a configurable observation period to ensure that the main copper busbar status is continuously improving rather than experiencing momentary fluctuations.

[0041] The solution adopted in this embodiment can not only provide protective switching in the event of a fault, but also automatically and safely restore the system to the initial optimal state powered by the main copper bus after the potential fault is eliminated, thereby releasing the capacity of the backup copper bus to cope with new faults that may occur in the future.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, the control module 3 is further configured to perform a fault locking operation if the change in impedance to ground is not less than a second preset threshold.

[0043] In this embodiment, if the monitoring detects that the change in impedance to ground is consistently not less than (i.e., greater than or equal to) the second preset threshold, the control module 3 will decisively execute a fault locking operation. In this embodiment, fault locking means that the control module 3 logically marks the main copper busbar as permanently faulty and terminates all subsequent automatic recovery attempts. Simultaneously, it generates the highest-level maintenance alarm, notifying maintenance personnel that manual intervention for inspection and repair is necessary. By introducing a fault locking mechanism, repeated ineffective automatic recovery attempts to the potentially hazardous main copper busbar can be avoided if the root cause of the fault has not been eliminated, thereby preventing potential cyclic switching impacts or fault escalation.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, the status monitoring module 2 includes a temperature compensation unit configured to collect the ambient temperature of the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11 and compensate the ground impedance of the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11 using a preset temperature-to-impedance correspondence.

[0045] In this embodiment, considering that changes in ambient temperature will cause changes in the resistivity of the copper busbar, thereby directly affecting the measured value of the impedance to ground, the status monitoring module 2 also integrates a temperature compensation unit. The temperature compensation unit collects the ambient temperature in real time through temperature sensors (such as PT100 or digital temperature chips) deployed in key areas of the copper busbar. Then, it uses a pre-established, experimentally calibrated "temperature-impedance correspondence" database or mathematical model to dynamically compensate and correct the originally measured impedance to ground value. The accurate impedance data after compensation is uploaded to the control module 3. The control module 3 uses this data to determine the fault. If the change in the compensated impedance to ground exceeds a first preset threshold, a first type of fault is determined to have occurred, and a first switching control signal and precise fault location information are generated.

[0046] In this embodiment, by introducing temperature compensation, the normal impedance changes caused by temperature fluctuations can be effectively reduced, avoiding misjudgment as insulation faults and thus reducing the false alarm rate. This ensures more reliable and accurate fault diagnosis and fault location.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, the status monitoring module 2 further includes: a current monitoring unit 22 configured to monitor the current flowing through the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11; a voltage monitoring unit 23 configured to monitor the voltage of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11; and a control module 3 specifically configured to determine that a second type of fault has occurred in the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 when the current exceeds a current threshold and the voltage is lower than a first voltage threshold, and generate a first switching control signal and a power-off signal corresponding to the second type of fault, wherein the power-off signal is used to control the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 to be de-energized.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, the control module 3 is specifically configured to determine that a third type of fault has occurred in the high voltage DC main copper busbar 11 when the voltage fluctuates continuously within a preset time period and the fluctuation amplitude exceeds the second voltage threshold, and the current is within the normal fluctuation range, and generate a first switching control signal corresponding to the third type of fault.

[0049] In this embodiment, the status monitoring module 2, in addition to the ground impedance monitoring unit 21 and the temperature compensation unit, also integrates a current monitoring unit 22 and a voltage monitoring unit 23, which are used to monitor the current and voltage flowing through the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 in real time. The control module 3 performs comprehensive fault diagnosis and classification based on this multi-source data: when a surge in current and a sharp drop in voltage are detected, the control module 3 determines that a second type of fault has occurred (typically electric shock or short circuit faults), and immediately generates a corresponding first switching control signal and an additional power-off signal. This power-off signal is used to control the circuit breaker or contactor upstream of the main copper busbar to perform an emergency power-off, thereby achieving maximum protection. Furthermore, if the control module 3 detects that the voltage fluctuates continuously within a preset time period and the fluctuation amplitude exceeds a second voltage threshold, but the current remains within the normal fluctuation range, it determines that a third type of fault has occurred (typically fluctuations introduced by the grid side or load steps). Similarly, a corresponding first switching control signal will be generated to activate the backup circuit, but without triggering an emergency power-off.

[0050] This embodiment analyzes the correlation characteristics of current and voltage, enabling the system to accurately distinguish between emergency faults (such as short circuits) and transient disturbances (such as grid fluctuations), and execute the most suitable response strategy. This avoids false triggering that may be caused by a single criterion and improves the reliability of the high-voltage DC power supply system.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the control module 3 is further configured to generate a second switching control signal after determining that the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 has recovered from a fault state and is operating stably; the power path switching module 4 is further configured to switch the load power supply path from the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12 back to the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 in response to the second switching control signal.

[0052] In this embodiment, after the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11 is switched due to a fault, the control module 3 continuously tracks and monitors its key electrical parameters (such as impedance to ground, voltage, and current) and performs trend analysis. Once the system determines that the fault state of the main copper busbar has been completely eliminated (for example, the insulation abnormality, overcurrent, or voltage fluctuation that caused the switching no longer exists), and it continues to perform normally during a preset stable observation period, the control module 3 will determine that it has entered a stable and usable operating state. At this time, the control module 3 will actively generate a second switching control signal. Correspondingly, the power path switching module 4 will immediately respond to this signal and perform a reverse switching operation, smoothly and seamlessly switching the load power supply path from the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12 back to the restored high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11.

[0053] This embodiment ensures that after a fault disappears, the system can automatically return to its initial design state powered by the main copper bus, thereby freeing up the capacity of the backup copper bus and putting it back into hot backup mode to prepare for the next possible fault. This improves the utilization efficiency of backup resources and the overall redundancy of the system, reduces the potential risks associated with long-term power supply from the backup circuit, and lowers the need for maintenance intervention through automated operation. Ultimately, it ensures that the power supply system maintains optimal operating architecture and high availability throughout its lifecycle.

[0054] In one exemplary embodiment, the high-voltage DC power supply system further includes an instantaneous power module; the power path switching module 4 is further configured to switch the instantaneous power module into the load power supply path in response to a first switching control signal.

[0055] In one exemplary embodiment, the instantaneous power module includes a supercapacitor module; the supercapacitor module includes at least two supercapacitor nodes, which are respectively deployed at the top and bottom of the power supply cabinet.

[0056] The high-voltage DC power supply system in this embodiment also includes an instantaneous power module, which comprises a supercapacitor module. Utilizing the advantages of supercapacitors, such as rapid charging and discharging, long lifespan, and high cycle stability, it provides transient power support. Specifically, this module contains at least two independent supercapacitor nodes, which are symmetrically deployed at the top and bottom of the power supply cabinet. This symmetrical layout not only optimizes cabinet space utilization but also facilitates balanced electrical connections and heat dissipation. During normal system operation, this module is directly connected in parallel to the main and backup high-voltage DC busbars via a circuit breaker, remaining in a pre-charging standby state.

[0057] When the power path switching module 4 responds to the first switching control signal and performs a switching operation from the main copper bus to the backup copper bus, it simultaneously transmits a control signal to the switching unit of the instantaneous power module. This unit then activates, instantaneously switching the pre-charged supercapacitor module into the load power supply path. During the switching process, the supercapacitor module and the backup copper bus jointly supply power to the load, forming a composite power supply of copper bus and capacitor. This eliminates any risk of instantaneous voltage drops or power interruptions that may occur during power switching. The huge instantaneous current injected by the supercapacitor module can cover the load's surge current demand during switching, ensuring absolute stability of the bus voltage and achieving seamless switching at the zero-millisecond level. Its symmetrical deployment and modular design also optimize the system's internal electromagnetic compatibility and maintainability, improving responsiveness and uninterrupted power supply reliability.

[0058] In one exemplary embodiment, reference is made to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The power path switching module 4 includes an automatic transfer switch (ATS). The ATS includes multiple input terminals and at least one output terminal. The multiple input terminals are respectively connected to the output terminals of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11, the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12, and the instantaneous power module. The at least one output terminal is connected to the power distribution board. The ATS is configured to perform a switching operation in response to the first switching control signal or the second switching control signal of the control module 3, so as to select and connect the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11, or the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12, or the supercapacitor module, or a combination of the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12 and the supercapacitor module to the power distribution board.

[0059] The high-voltage DC main and backup copper busbars are connected to the supercapacitor module and the power distribution board (PDB) of the supercomputing node via an ATS. This ATS is a multi-port power switching device, with multiple inputs electrically connected to the outputs of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11, the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12, and the instantaneous power module (supercapacitor module); at least one output is directly connected to the power distribution board that powers the final load (such as a server). The automatic transfer switch receives commands from the control module 3, whether it's a first switching control signal (fault switching) or a second switching control signal (recovery switching), and can respond to these signals to perform precise switching operations. It flexibly selects and connects the high-voltage DC main copper busbar 11, the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12, an independent supercapacitor module, or a combination of the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar 12 and the supercapacitor module to the power distribution board. This embodiment integrates the three power inputs—the main copper busbar, the backup copper busbar, and the instantaneous power source—onto a single ATS, achieving the ability to select one or combine multiple power supply paths. It ensures basic main / backup switching in the event of a single component failure, and can also switch in supercapacitors when dealing with instantaneous high current surges or when peak power support is required, forming a composite power supply mode of "copper busbar + capacitor" to provide the highest quality power to the load.

[0060] In summary, this solution, through the construction of a multi-level collaborative protection mechanism, achieves fully automated closed-loop management of the high-voltage DC power supply system, from fault detection, precise location, emergency switching to safe recovery. Its key performance indicators comprehensively exceed the requirements of the IEEE 1547 standard for critical power facilities. Specifically, the system's power supply reliability is significantly improved. Based on a redundant design with physical isolation of dual copper busbars, coupled with 20ms-level intelligent switching technology, the fault switching time of traditional solutions is reduced by 10 times from 200ms, achieving "zero-awareness" fault transfer on the load side. This increases the system's power supply availability from 99.95% to 99.999% (annual downtime less than 5 minutes). In terms of safety protection, high-sensitivity impedance detection technology (accuracy up to 0.1Ω / m) can provide 500ms advance warning of insulation failure, with a fault prediction rate exceeding 90%, effectively reducing the risk of unexpected downtime and arcing. Ultimately, this solution intelligently promotes the transformation of the power supply system's operation and maintenance mode from passive "fault repair" to proactive "health prediction." This application also provides an electronic device, including a power supply cabinet, a high-voltage DC power supply system as described above disposed within the power supply cabinet, and a load connected to the high-voltage DC power supply system.

[0061] For a description of the electronic device provided in this application, please refer to the above embodiments; further details will not be repeated here.

[0062] The electronic device provided in this application has the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned high-voltage DC power supply system.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0064] The above provides a detailed description of a high-voltage DC power supply system and electronic device provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A high-voltage DC power supply system, characterized in that, include: High voltage DC main copper busbar and high voltage DC standby copper busbar, both of which are connected in parallel to the high voltage DC power supply; The status monitoring module is configured to monitor the electrical parameters of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar; The control module is communicatively connected to the status monitoring module and is configured to receive the electrical parameters and generate a first switching control signal when it is determined that the high-voltage DC main copper busbar has failed. The power path switching module is connected to the high-voltage DC main copper bus, the high-voltage DC backup copper bus and the control module respectively, and is configured to switch the load power supply path of the high-voltage DC power supply system from the high-voltage DC main copper bus to the high-voltage DC backup copper bus in response to the first switching control signal. The status monitoring module includes: A ground impedance monitoring unit is configured to measure the ground impedance of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar; the electrical parameters include the ground impedance. The control module is specifically configured to determine that a first type of fault has occurred in the high-voltage DC main copper busbar when the change value of the impedance to ground exceeds a first preset threshold, and generate a first switching control signal corresponding to the first type of fault; the first type of fault is insulation degradation. The ground impedance monitoring unit is specifically configured to measure the ground impedance at at least two different locations on the high-voltage DC main copper busbar; the high-voltage DC main copper busbar is a uniform conductor, and the two different locations are the top and bottom of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar; The control module is also configured to, when a first-type fault is determined to occur in the high-voltage DC main copper busbar, determine the location information of the fault point on the high-voltage DC main copper busbar based on the ground impedance at the at least two different locations and the total impedance of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar, and generate a fault alarm containing the location information. The control module is specifically configured to, when a first type of fault is determined to occur on the high-voltage DC main copper busbar, use a first relational expression to determine the location information of the fault point on the high-voltage DC main copper busbar, and generate a fault alarm containing the location information. The first relational expression is: ;in, The impedance at the top of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar is [insert value here]. The impedance at the bottom of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar is [value missing]. The impedance from the fault point to the top. The impedance from the fault point to the bottom. For human body resistance, The total impedance of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar is given.

2. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is also configured to determine the fault section based on the location information of the fault point, and control the circuit breaker connected to the input side of the high voltage DC main copper busbar to perform an isolation operation to disconnect the fault section from the upstream power supply.

3. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is also configured to reactivate the high-voltage DC main copper busbar according to a preset recovery operation after the power supply path is switched to the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar. If the change value of the impedance to ground is less than the second preset threshold, a second switching control signal is generated. The power path switching module is further configured to switch the power supply path from the high-voltage DC backup copper busbar to the high-voltage DC main copper busbar in response to the second switching control signal.

4. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control module is also configured to perform a fault locking operation if the change in the impedance to ground is not less than the second preset threshold.

5. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status monitoring module includes: The temperature compensation unit is configured to collect the ambient temperature of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar and compensate the ground impedance of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar using a preset temperature-to-impedance correspondence.

6. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status monitoring module also includes: The current monitoring unit is configured to monitor the current flowing through the high-voltage DC main copper busbar; A voltage monitoring unit is configured to monitor the voltage of the high-voltage DC main copper busbar; The control module is specifically configured to determine that a second type of fault has occurred in the high-voltage DC main copper busbar when the current exceeds the current threshold and the voltage is lower than the first voltage threshold, and generate a first switching control signal and a power-off signal corresponding to the second type of fault. The power-off signal is used to control the high-voltage DC main copper busbar to be de-energized.

7. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control module is specifically configured to determine that a third type of fault has occurred in the high-voltage DC main copper busbar when the voltage fluctuates continuously within a preset time period and the fluctuation amplitude exceeds the second voltage threshold, and the current is within the normal fluctuation range, and generate a first switching control signal corresponding to the third type of fault.

8. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is also configured to generate a second switching control signal when it is determined that the high-voltage DC main copper busbar has recovered from the fault state and is operating stably; The power path switching module is also configured to switch the load power supply path from the high-voltage DC backup copper bus back to the high-voltage DC main copper bus in response to the second switching control signal.

9. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The high-voltage DC power supply system also includes an instantaneous power module; The power path switching module is further configured to switch the instantaneous power module into the load power supply path in response to the first switching control signal.

10. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The instantaneous power module includes a supercapacitor module; The supercapacitor module includes at least two supercapacitor nodes, which are respectively deployed at the top and bottom of the power supply cabinet.

11. The high-voltage DC power supply system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The power path switching module includes an automatic transfer switch, which has multiple input terminals and at least one output terminal. The multiple input terminals are respectively connected to the output terminal of the main high-voltage DC busbar, the output terminal of the backup high-voltage DC busbar, and the output terminal of the instantaneous power module. The at least one output terminal is connected to the power distribution board. The automatic transfer switch is configured to perform a switching operation in response to a first switching control signal or a second switching control signal from the control module, so as to select and connect the main high-voltage DC busbar, the backup high-voltage DC busbar, the supercapacitor module, or a combination of the backup high-voltage DC busbar and the supercapacitor module to the power distribution board.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a power supply cabinet, a high-voltage DC power supply system as described in any one of claims 1-11 disposed within the power supply cabinet, and a load connected to the high-voltage DC power supply system.

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