Solar cell light aging test equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to solar cell light aging test equipment which comprises a machine table, a bearing jig and a simulation light-emitting unit. The machine table provides an installation foundation and stable support for the bearing jig and the simulation light-emitting unit. The bearing jig is arranged on the machine table, is used for bearing the solar cell and comprises a supporting frame, a bearing plate and a temperature control unit. The supporting frame supports the bearing plate, and the temperature control unit conducts temperature regulation and control on the solar cell on the basis of the bearing plate. The simulation light-emitting unit is arranged opposite to the bearing jig so as to simulate an illumination environment. Thus, the temperature control unit is integrated in the bearing jig and directly acts on the battery, accurate regulation and control of the test temperature are achieved, the bearing jig is particularly suitable for temperature-sensitive batteries such as perovskite batteries, temperature interference can be eliminated, the influence of illumination on the stability of the batteries can be independently researched, and then the accuracy of the test result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing technology, and in particular to a solar cell photoaging test device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component for clean energy utilization, the long-term stability of solar cells is one of the key indicators determining their commercial application, and photoaging is one of the main factors leading to the performance degradation of solar cells. To evaluate the stability of solar cells under illumination, it is necessary to simulate actual illumination conditions using photoaging testing equipment to study the performance degradation patterns of the cells.

[0003] Currently, aging test equipment typically consists of a support structure and a simulated light source. The support structure holds the cell under test, and the simulated light source provides simulated sunlight. However, temperature is a crucial environmental factor affecting solar cell performance, especially for temperature-sensitive solar cells such as perovskite cells, where temperature changes can significantly accelerate the aging process or alter performance degradation mechanisms. Existing aging test equipment lacks targeted temperature control components or suffers from low integration between the temperature control components and the support structure. This makes it difficult to accurately control temperature conditions during testing, hindering the elimination of temperature interference to study the impact of light on cell stability, and consequently affecting the accuracy and reliability of test results. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly integrated solar cell photoaging test equipment with precise temperature control to meet the need for simulating complex environmental conditions in solar cell (especially perovskite solar cell) stability studies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar cell photoaging test device to solve the problems existing in the current design: for temperature-sensitive solar cells, it is impossible to achieve precise temperature control during the test process, and it is difficult to eliminate the interference of temperature factors to study the effect of light on cell stability alone, which affects the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0005] This invention relates to a solar cell photoaging testing device, comprising a machine base, a support fixture, and a simulated light-emitting unit; the machine base provides an installation foundation and stable support for the support fixture and the simulated light-emitting unit; the support fixture is used to support the solar cells and is mounted on the machine base; the simulated light-emitting unit is used to simulate the working state of the solar cells under illumination and is positioned opposite the support fixture; the support fixture includes a support frame, a support plate, and a temperature control unit; the support frame provides installation support for the support plate; the temperature control unit uses the support plate as its installation foundation to regulate the temperature of the solar cells supported by the support plate.

[0006] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the support frame is composed of N support leg assemblies; the N support leg assemblies are evenly distributed around the periphery of the support plate and work together to support the support plate.

[0007] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the support leg assembly includes a base, a connecting member, a sliding block, and an adjusting bolt; the base is placed and fixed on the machine platform, and has a sliding notch for accommodating the sliding block; the top wall of the base extends downward to form a through hole that is adapted to the adjusting bolt and communicates with the sliding notch; the adjusting bolt passes through the through hole and forms a threaded connection with the sliding block; the connecting member is directly fixed to the support plate and is integrated with the sliding block.

[0008] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the solar cell photoaging test equipment also includes a housing; the housing is mounted on the machine base and simultaneously encloses and supports the fixture, the simulated light-emitting unit, and the temperature control unit; during the solar cell photoaging test, the housing and the machine base work together to form a sealed cavity for filling with inert gas.

[0009] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the simulated light-emitting unit includes a carrier plate, an LED light source, and an optical filter; the carrier plate is connected to the machine tool to fix the position of the LED light source; the optical filter is used to filter light of a specific wavelength and is detachably installed on the light-emitting path of the LED light source.

[0010] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the LED light source is composed of multiple light-emitting diodes, with a spectral range of 300-1200nm, an effective light spot size of 200mm*200mm, and light intensity levels including 0.2sun, 0.5sun, 1sun, and 1.5sun.

[0011] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the temperature control unit includes a primary heat conductor, a secondary heat conductor, an electric heating module, and an axial flow fan; the primary heat conductor is connected to the support plate, and the secondary heat conductor is placed between the primary heat conductor and the support plate; the electric heating module is used to supply heat to the primary heat conductor, and the heat is sequentially conducted to the solar cell through the primary heat conductor and the secondary heat conductor; the axial flow fan is located on the primary heat conductor and works in conjunction with the start and stop of the electric heating module to achieve cooling and temperature regulation.

[0012] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, both the primary heat conductor and the secondary heat conductor are made of high thermal conductivity materials, and the contact surface of the primary heat conductor is treated with polytetrafluoroethylene insulation.

[0013] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the windward surface of the primary heat conductor, located directly opposite the axial flow fan, extends to form multiple heat dissipation fins arranged in a linear array.

[0014] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the electric heating module includes an energized heating element and terminals; the energized heating element is in contact with a primary heat conductor to transfer heat; multiple terminals are located on one side of the energized heating element for connecting to an external power source to realize the start and stop control of the energized heating element.

[0015] In practical applications, the solar cell photoaging testing equipment disclosed in this invention can achieve at least the following beneficial technical effects, specifically: 1) By integrating a temperature control unit into the support fixture and directly applying it to the solar cell, precise control of the solar cell test temperature is achieved. This is especially suitable for temperature-sensitive cell types such as perovskite cells. It can effectively eliminate temperature interference, study the effect of light on cell stability separately, and improve the accuracy of test results. 2) The temperature control unit is organically combined with the support frame and support plate of the carrier fixture, which avoids the problem of poor coordination caused by the separation of temperature control components and carrier fixture in existing equipment. This makes the overall structure of the solar cell photoaging test equipment more compact and better meets the needs of equipment integration under complex environmental conditions. 3) The precise alignment of the simulated light-emitting unit and the support fixture, combined with the precise temperature control unit, can more realistically simulate the temperature conditions under actual light conditions. This provides a more realistic simulation environment for the photoaging test of solar cells (especially perovskite solar cells), helping to conduct in-depth research on their performance degradation patterns. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is also a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention (with the front panel partially hidden from the cover).

[0019] Figure 3 This is also a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention (with the cover removed).

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support fixture in the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is also a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support fixture in the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention (with the decorative side panels hidden).

[0022] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the support fixture in the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the temperature control unit in the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the primary heat conductor in the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support leg assembly in the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the base in the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the simulated light-emitting unit in the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0028] 1-Machine base; 2-Cover; 3-Bearing fixture; 31-Support frame; 311-Support leg assembly; 3111-Base; 31111-Sliding notch; 31112-Through hole; 3112-Connecting piece; 3113-Sliding block; 3114-Adjusting bolt; 32-Support plate; 33-Temperature control unit; 331-Primary heat conductor; 3311-Heat dissipation fins; 332-Secondary heat conductor; 333-Electrically heated module; 3331-Powered heating element; 3332-Terminal; 334-Axial flow fan; 4-Analog light-emitting unit; 41-Carrier plate; 42-LED light source. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "up", "down", "front", "back", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3The three-dimensional schematic diagram of the solar cell photoaging test equipment disclosed in this invention is shown. It can be seen that it is mainly composed of several parts, such as the machine base 1, the cover 2, the support fixture 3, and the simulated light-emitting unit 4.

[0031] The instrument 1 serves as the basic load-bearing component, providing a stable mounting base and support for all other components. The housing 2, using the instrument 1 as its mounting base, works in conjunction with the instrument 1 to completely enclose the load-bearing fixture 3 and the simulated light-emitting unit 4. During the solar cell photoaging test, the housing 2 and the instrument 1 together form a closed test space. This not only effectively isolates the space from external environmental interference (such as dust and airflow fluctuations), but also allows inert gases such as nitrogen and argon to be introduced into the sealed cavity through pre-reserved gas interfaces. This provides an oxygen-free and water-free test environment for the solar cells (especially perovskite cells, which are susceptible to oxygen and moisture), preventing these factors from interfering with the photoaging test results.

[0032] The support fixture 3 is located in the central area of ​​the top surface of the machine base 1 and is fixedly connected to the machine base 1. It is the core component that directly supports the solar cells. The simulated light-emitting unit 4 is installed in the inner cavity of the housing 2 and is distributed vertically opposite to the support fixture 3. Its light-emitting surface faces vertically downward toward the solar cells on the support plate, which is used to simulate the working state of the solar cells under light conditions.

[0033] As shown in Figures 4-6, the support fixture 3 includes a support frame 31, a support plate 32, and a temperature control unit 33. The support frame 31 provides stable mounting support for the support plate 32, possessing good load-bearing capacity and structural stability, and is detachably fixed to the top wall of the machine base 1 using high-strength bolts. The support plate 32 is made of a metal material with excellent thermal conductivity, and its surface undergoes special precision processing to ensure high flatness, allowing the solar cells placed on it to be subjected to stable force, avoiding the impact of uneven force on battery performance, and also facilitating better heat transfer from the temperature control unit 33 to the solar cells. The temperature control unit 33 uses the support plate 32 as its mounting base to transfer heat to the support plate 32, thereby precisely regulating the temperature of the solar cells supported by the support plate 32. Thus, on the one hand, by integrating the temperature control unit 33 into the support fixture 3 and directly applying it to the solar cell, precise control of the solar cell test temperature is achieved. This is especially suitable for temperature-sensitive cell types such as perovskite cells, effectively eliminating temperature interference and allowing for independent study of the impact of light on cell stability, thereby improving the accuracy of test results. On the other hand, by organically combining the temperature control unit 33 with the support frame 31 and the support plate 32, the overall structure of the solar cell photoaging test equipment becomes more compact, better meeting the needs for equipment integration under complex environmental conditions.

[0034] It should also be noted that the precise alignment of the simulated light-emitting unit 4 and the support fixture 3, along with the precise temperature control by the temperature control unit 33, can more realistically simulate the temperature conditions under actual light conditions. This provides a more realistic simulation environment for the photoaging test of solar cells (especially perovskite solar cells), helping to conduct in-depth research on their performance degradation patterns.

[0035] The temperature control unit 33, as the core component for achieving precise temperature control of solar cells, plays a crucial role in ensuring the reliability and data accuracy of the solar cell photoaging test process. Just as... Figure 7 As shown, the main design of the temperature control unit 33 includes a primary heat conductor 331, a secondary heat conductor 332, an electric heating module 333, and an axial flow fan 334. The primary heat conductor 331 is made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity and is directly connected to the support plate 32. It can quickly receive heat transferred from the electric heating module 333 or promptly release heat to the axial flow fan 334. The secondary heat conductor 332 is made of a flexible thermally conductive material and is placed between the primary heat conductor 331 and the support plate 32. This not only fills the tiny gap between them, enhancing heat transfer efficiency, but also makes the heat distribution more uniform, preventing excessive local temperature fluctuations in the support plate 32 from affecting the test battery. The electric heating module can accurately output heat according to the set temperature. Through close contact with the primary heat conductor 331, it efficiently transfers heat to the primary heat conductor 331. This heat is then sequentially conducted to the solar cell via the primary heat conductor 331 and the secondary heat conductor 332, achieving stable heating of the battery. The axial fan 334 is positioned directly opposite the heat dissipation surface of the primary heat conductor 331 and has adjustable fan speed settings, which can quickly remove the heat from the primary heat conductor 331 through forced air cooling.

[0036] In actual operation, the axial flow fan 334 and the electric heating module 333 work together. When the battery temperature is higher than the set value, the axial flow fan 334 starts or increases the wind speed to accelerate heat dissipation; when the temperature is lower than the set value, the electric heating module 333 works to supplement heat, thereby achieving cooling and precise temperature regulation of the solar cell. This ensures that the solar cell is always in the set temperature environment throughout the entire test process, providing stable temperature conditions for studying the aging law of the battery under the action of light alone.

[0037] It is worth noting that the upper surface of the primary heat conductor 331 (i.e., the supporting surface of the solar cell) undergoes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) insulation treatment. During actual photoaging testing, the PTFE layer completely cuts off the current path between the primary heat conductor 331 and the solar cell, preventing damage to the battery due to leakage and effectively protecting the battery's active surface from electrical interference. Furthermore, the smooth surface and strong chemical stability of the PTFE layer prevent it from reacting with the active materials on the battery surface, thus providing a more stable and safe supporting environment for the battery and further ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0038] like Figure 8 As shown, facing the axial fan 334, the windward surface of the primary heat conductor 331 extends to form multiple heat dissipation fins 3311 arranged in a linear array. Benefiting from the excellent thermal conductivity of the primary heat conductor 331, heat is rapidly conducted from its interior to the surface of the heat dissipation fins 3311. Furthermore, when the axial fan 334 operates at high speed, the airflow passing through the gaps between the heat dissipation fins 3311 more efficiently removes heat, significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the primary heat conductor 331. This allows the temperature control unit 33 to respond faster during cooling regulation, further improving the accuracy of solar cell temperature control.

[0039] As Figures 4-7 As shown, the electric heating module 333 includes an energized heating element 3331 and terminals 3332. The energized heating element 3331 is made of a high-resistance alloy material, featuring uniform heating and low thermal inertia. It is tightly attached to the side wall of the primary heat conductor 331, maximizing heat transfer efficiency through surface contact. It can efficiently convert electrical energy into heat energy and quickly transfer it to the primary heat conductor 331. Multiple terminals 3332 are spaced apart on one side of the energized heating element 3331 and are wrapped with high-temperature resistant insulating material. This ensures the stability and safety of the connection with the external power supply and allows for precise start / stop control and power adjustment of the energized heating element 3331 through an external control system. This enables flexible adjustment of the heat output according to the temperature required in the testing process, providing a reliable heat output guarantee for the precise temperature control of the temperature control unit 33.

[0040] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the support frame 31 is composed of four support leg assemblies 311. The four support leg assemblies 311 are evenly distributed around the periphery of the support plate 32, forming a stable support structure and working together to support the support plate 32. In addition, for aesthetic purposes, decorative side panels are provided on the periphery of the support leg assemblies 311, which are fixedly connected to the support leg assemblies 311 by buckles or screws.

[0041] Furthermore, by Figures 4-6 As can also be clearly seen from the diagram, the four support leg assemblies 311 work together to adjust the levelness of the support plate 32. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the support leg assembly 311 mainly consists of a base 3111, a connecting piece 3112, a sliding block 3113, and an adjusting bolt 3114. The base 3111 is directly placed and fixed to the top wall of the machine base 1, and it has a sliding notch 31111 for accommodating the sliding block 3113. The top wall of the base 3111 has a through hole 31112, which communicates with the sliding notch 31111 and allows the adjusting bolt 3114 to pass freely (e.g., ...). Figure 10(As shown in the diagram). The adjusting bolt 3114 passes through the through hole 31112 and forms a threaded connection with the sliding block 3113. The top end of the connecting piece 3112 is directly fixed to the support plate 32, and the bottom end is integrated with the sliding block 3113. When it is necessary to adjust the level of the support plate 32, the adjusting bolt 3114 can be rotated circumferentially. Since the sliding block 3113 is constrained by the sliding notch 31111 and cannot rotate freely, during the circumferential rotation of the adjusting bolt 3114, the sliding block 3113 will move up and down along the sliding notch 31111, thereby driving the support plate 32 to rise and fall accordingly through the connecting piece 3112. By adjusting the adjusting bolts 3114 corresponding to the four support leg assemblies 311 respectively, the support height of the support plate 32 can be changed, and its level can be adjusted in a coordinated manner to ensure that the support plate 32 is in a horizontal state, thereby ensuring the stable placement and accurate testing of the solar cells.

[0042] like Figure 11 As shown, the simulated light-emitting unit 4 includes a support plate 41, an LED light source 42, and an optical filter (not shown). The support plate 41 is securely connected to the inner cavity sidewall 1 of the machine or housing 2, ensuring that the LED light source 42 will not shift due to vibration or other factors during long-term use, and ensuring that the light stably illuminates the support fixture 3. The optical filter is specifically used to filter light of specific wavelengths. Different types of filters can be selected according to the testing requirements, such as filtering out ultraviolet light or infrared light. Preferably, it adopts a snap-on structure and can be detachably installed on the light output path of the LED light source 42, flexibly adjusting the spectral composition of the light illuminating the surface of the solar cell to more realistically reproduce the natural lighting environment. The LED light source 42 is preferably composed of multiple high-performance light-emitting diodes, and its customized arrangement ensures uniform light output. Its spectral range covers 300–1200 nm, highly matching the main spectral range of sunlight, thus realistically reproducing natural lighting conditions. The effective spot size is 200 mm * 200 mm, adaptable to the testing needs of solar cells of different specifications, with a light intensity uniformity of over 90% within the spot. Light intensity levels cover 0.2 sun, 0.5 sun, 1 sun, and 1.5 sun, allowing operators to precisely adjust according to the testing plan. It can simulate both low-light and high-light environments, providing diverse testing conditions for exploring the photoaging characteristics of solar cells under different light intensities.

[0043] In addition, this invention also discloses a method for testing the photoaging of solar cells, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1. Place the solar cell to be tested smoothly on the support plate 32, ensuring good contact between it and the support plate 32. Adjust the four support leg assemblies 311 until the support plate 32 is horizontal; During the leveling process of the support plate 32, a spirit level is placed at the center and four corners of the support plate 32 and repeatedly adjusted until the levelness error of each point is ≤0.05mm / m, so as to ensure that the solar cells are placed horizontally. S2. Close the casing 2 to form a closed testing space with the machine 1. Inert gas is introduced into the sealed cavity through the reserved gas passage interface to remove oxygen and water vapor from the cavity. The appropriate filling time and gas flow rate are set according to the type of solar cell to be tested. Open the valve of the inert gas cylinder and the gas control valve of the casing 2, and fill the sealed cavity with inert gas at a flow rate of 1-2 L / min. At the same time, open the exhaust valve on the casing 2 to expel the air in the cavity. After filling for 30 minutes, close the exhaust valve to maintain the pressure in the cavity at 0.01-0.02 MPa (monitored by a pressure sensor). Use an oxygen detector to detect the oxygen concentration in the cavity from the sampling port. It should be ≤0.1%. If it does not meet the standard, continue filling with inert gas until the requirement is met. S3. According to the test plan, set the required temperature conditions for the solar cell. The electric heating module 333 and the axial flow fan 334 work together. When the cell temperature is lower than the set value, the electric heating module 333 starts, and the solar cell is heated. When the solar cell temperature is higher than the set value, the axial flow fan 334 starts immediately or increases the fan speed to ensure that the solar cell temperature is stable within the set range (fluctuation range ≤ ±0.5℃). S4. According to the test plan, select a suitable optical filter and install it on the light output path of the LED light source 42 to filter light of a specific wavelength. Adjust the light intensity level of the LED light source 42 to a set value of 0.2sun, 0.5sun, 1sun, or 1.5sun, while ensuring that the light output surface of the light source is vertically downward and directly facing the solar cell on the support plate 32; S5. Activate the simulated light-emitting unit 4, allowing the simulated light emitted by the LED light source 42 to illuminate the solar cell. Simultaneously, the temperature control unit 33 continuously operates to maintain the set temperature. During the test, observe the battery status through the casing 2 and record the solar cell's open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, fill factor, maximum output power, and other performance parameters in real time, with a sampling interval of 5 minutes. Simultaneously record environmental parameters, including internal temperature (accuracy ±0.1℃), light intensity (accuracy ±2%), and inert gas pressure (accuracy ±0.001MPa). If any abnormal parameters are detected (e.g., temperature fluctuation exceeding ±1℃, light intensity deviation exceeding 10%), immediately pause the test, troubleshoot and resolve the fault before resuming. S6. After the preset test time is reached, first turn off the LED light source 42. After the battery temperature drops to room temperature, turn off the temperature control unit 33 and the inert gas supply. Open the cover 2, take out the tested solar cell, clean the support plate 32 and all parts of the equipment, and restore the equipment to its initial state for the next test.

[0044] It should be noted that after confirming that all the working parameters of the solar cell photoaging test equipment are correct, the temperature control unit 33 should be activated first to make the cell temperature reach the set value, and then the simulated light-emitting unit 4 should be turned on. This can effectively avoid the occurrence of thermal stress mutation phenomenon caused by sudden strong light exposure of solar cells at low temperature (especially for perovskite cells, a sudden temperature rise may cause lattice defects), thereby reducing the interference of non-light factors on the aging of solar cells.

[0045] The solar cell photoaging test method disclosed in this invention ensures the battery is placed horizontally by precisely leveling the support plate 32, filling it with inert gas to create an oxygen-free and water-free environment, relying on the temperature control unit 33 to achieve temperature stability within ±0.5℃, and using an adjustable LED light source 42 and optical filters to provide realistic lighting conditions. Furthermore, a scientific start-up sequence avoids strong light impact, and parameters are monitored in real time during the test process. This method not only provides a stable and accurate photoaging test environment for different types of solar cells, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of test data, but also effectively reduces the physical and chemical damage to solar cells during the test process. It is especially suitable for testing environmentally sensitive solar cells, and ultimately provides reliable methodological support for studying the photoaging characteristics of solar cells.

[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A solar cell photoaging testing device, comprising a machine base, a support fixture, and a simulated light-emitting unit; the machine base provides an installation foundation and stable support for the support fixture and the simulated light-emitting unit; the support fixture is used to support the solar cell and is mounted on the machine base; the simulated light-emitting unit is used to simulate the working state of the solar cell under illumination and is positioned opposite the support fixture, characterized in that, The support fixture includes a support frame, a support plate, and a temperature control unit; the support frame provides mounting support for the support plate; the temperature control unit uses the support plate as the mounting base to regulate the temperature of the solar cells supported by the support plate.

2. The solar cell photoaging test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is composed of N support leg assemblies; the N support leg assemblies are evenly distributed around the periphery of the support plate and work together to support the support plate.

3. The solar cell photoaging test equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support leg assembly includes a base, a connecting member, a sliding block, and an adjusting bolt; the base is placed and fixed on the machine platform, and has a sliding notch for accommodating the sliding block; the top wall of the base extends downward to form a through hole that is adapted to the adjusting bolt and communicates with the sliding notch; the adjusting bolt passes through the through hole and forms a threaded connection with the sliding block; the connecting member is directly fixed to the support plate and is integrated with the sliding block.

4. The solar cell photoaging test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a housing; the housing is mounted on the machine base and simultaneously encloses the support fixture, the simulated light-emitting unit and the temperature control unit; during the solar cell photoaging test, the housing and the machine base work together to form a sealed cavity for filling with inert gas.

5. The solar cell photoaging test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated light-emitting unit includes a carrier plate, an LED light source, and an optical filter; the carrier plate is connected to the machine tool to fix the position of the LED light source; the optical filter is used to filter light of a specific wavelength and is detachably installed on the light output path of the LED light source.

6. The solar cell photoaging test equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The LED light source is composed of multiple light-emitting diodes, with a spectral range of 300–1200 nm, an effective spot size of 200 mm * 200 mm, and light intensity levels including 0.2 sun, 0.5 sun, 1 sun, and 1.5 sun.

7. The solar cell photoaging testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The temperature control unit includes a primary heat conductor, a secondary heat conductor, an electric heating module, and an axial flow fan. The primary heat conductor is connected to the support plate, and the secondary heat conductor is placed between the primary heat conductor and the support plate. The electric heating module supplies heat to the primary heat conductor, and the heat is sequentially conducted to the solar cell via the primary and secondary heat conductors. The axial flow fan is located on the primary heat conductor and works in conjunction with the start and stop of the electric heating module to achieve cooling and temperature regulation.

8. The solar cell photoaging test equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the primary and secondary heat conductors are made of highly thermally conductive materials, and the contact surface of the primary heat conductor is treated with polytetrafluoroethylene insulation.

9. The solar cell photoaging test equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, Facing the axial flow fan, the windward surface of the primary heat conductor extends to form multiple heat dissipation fins arranged in a linear array.

10. The solar cell photoaging test equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electric heating module includes an energized heating element and terminals; the energized heating element is in contact with the primary heat conductor to transfer heat; multiple terminals are located on one side of the energized heating element for connecting to an external power source to control the start and stop of the energized heating element.

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