Electrical conductor and method for producing an electrical conductor

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical conductor (1) for generating a magnetic field, comprising a central section (2), which has an input interface (3) and an output interface (4), and an extension section (5), which is arranged at the central section (2) between the input interface (3) and the output interface (4), the extension section (5) extending away from a main extension direction of the central section (2), and the central section (2) is configured to provide a magnetic field within a region of interest (6) spaced from the central section (2). The invention further relates to a method for producing an electrical conductor (1).

Description

[0001] This disclosure relates to electrical conductors and methods for producing electrical conductors.

[0002] Typically, the magnetic field generated by a current-carrying conductor is limited by a damage threshold, at which ohmic heating reduces the conductivity of the current-carrying conductor, leading to more ohmic losses and further heating until the current-carrying conductor breaks.

[0003] The objective is to provide an electrical conductor with improved thermal and / or electrical properties. Furthermore, a method for producing such an electrical conductor is provided.

[0004] This objective is achieved through the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments, implementations, and further developments are the subject matter of the corresponding dependent claims.

[0005] An electrical conductor for generating a magnetic field is specified. The electrical conductor includes or comprises, for example, a conductive material. Exemplarily, the conductive material includes or comprises at least one of copper, gold, silver, chromium, and titanium. Alternatively or additionally, the conductive material includes or comprises at least one superconducting material such as niobium. Exemplarily, the conductive material is formed of an alloy comprising at least one of the conductive materials listed above.

[0006] The magnetic field generated by an electrical conductor depends specifically on the current flowing through it and on the conductor's geometry. Exemplarily, the magnetic field is represented by its magnetic field strength and gradient, both of which depend on the current flowing through the conductor and its geometry. Specifically, according to Ampere's law, the magnetic field around an electrical conductor is proportional to the current flowing through it. The magnetic field gradient depends on the magnetic field strength, for example, as it varies with distance from the conductor. Additionally, the magnetic field gradient depends on the conductor's geometry.

[0007] According to at least one embodiment, the electrical conductor includes a central segment having an input interface and an output interface. Specifically, the central segment is configured to transmit current from the input interface to the output interface. The input interface is configured to receive the current to be transmitted, and the output interface is configured to output the current to be transmitted.

[0008] For example, the central segment extends within a main extension plane oriented in the transverse direction. The vertical direction is oriented perpendicular to the transverse direction.

[0009] For example, the central segment is a planar conductor. The central segment has a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to the top surface. The top surface and the bottom surface are connected by a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface, and a first surface surface and a second surface surface opposite to the first surface surface. The top surface and the bottom surface each have a main extending plane in the transverse direction. The first side surface and the second side surface, as well as the first surface surface and the second surface surface, each have a main extending plane in the vertical direction. In particular, the main extending surfaces of the first side surface and the second side surface are each inclined to an orientation that is particularly perpendicular to the main extending surface of each of the first surface surface and the second surface surface. Exemplarily, directly adjacent surfaces are connected by edges. Each edge is, for example, rounded or angled.

[0010] Alternatively, the central section is a conductor. In this case, the top surface, bottom surface, first side surface, and second side surface are formed as circumferential surfaces.

[0011] For example, the first surface includes or is formed by an input interface, and the second surface includes or is formed by an output interface.

[0012] According to at least one embodiment, the electrical conductor includes an extension section disposed in a central section between the input interface and the output interface. Specifically, the extension section is not configured to transfer current from the input interface to the output interface. That is, only the central section is configured to transfer current from the input interface to the output interface.

[0013] The extension segment may be in direct and immediate contact with the central segment, for example. Exemplarily, the extension segment may be directly thermally and / or electrically connected to the central segment.

[0014] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the extension segment extends away from the main extension direction of the central segment. The central segment extends along the main extension direction, which extends in the transverse direction. For example, both the first side surface and the second side surface extend parallel to the main extension direction. Exemplarily, the first side surface and the second side surface extend at an angle that is particularly perpendicular to the main extension direction.

[0015] For example, the top surface, bottom surface, first side surface, second side surface, or circumferential surface have a first length along the main extension direction. Exemplarily, the first and second surface surfaces have a second length inclined to, particularly perpendicular to, the main extension direction. The first length is particularly greater than the second length.

[0016] For example, the extension segment is at least regionally inclined away from the main extension direction of the central segment. Alternatively or additionally, the extension segment is at least regionally perpendicular to the main extension direction of the central segment away from the central segment.

[0017] The extension segment has an external shape, for example, a circle, ellipse, or polygon (e.g., a triangle or quadrilateral) in a plan view. The polygonal external shape may be truncated. The truncated region of the external shape faces, for example, the central segment. A plan view is a vertical view of the top surface of an electrical conductor.

[0018] For example, the extension segment has a thickness in the vertical direction, which increases according to the distance to the center segment. That is, the thickness of the extension segment increases, for example, to increase the distance to the center segment.

[0019] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, a central segment is configured to provide a magnetic field within a region of interest spaced apart from the central segment. The magnetic field is a vector field generated by charged particles, i.e., current transmitted through the central segment. Specifically, the magnetic field is configured to interact with particles within the region of interest, such as at least one quantum particle (e.g., an atom or ion). The strength of the magnetic field within the region of interest depends on the magnitude of the current flowing through the central segment and its distance from the central segment. The magnetic field can be a static magnetic field or a dynamic magnetic field, i.e., an oscillating magnetic field, where the dynamic magnetic field depends on the current transmitted through the central segment.

[0020] For example, the central segment is configured to provide a predetermined potential as a characteristic of the magnetic field within the region of interest. For instance, the extension segment does not provide a contribution, i.e., a potential, to the magnetic field within the region of interest. Alternatively, the extension segment provides a contribution to the magnetic field, wherein the contribution generated by the extension segment is at least an order of magnitude smaller than the contribution generated by the central segment.

[0021] For example, the extension segment is configured to provide additional magnetic fields in a separate region of interest that is spaced apart from the central segment and from the region of interest.

[0022] For example, an electrical conductor is part of an ion trap. In the ion trap, the magnetic field, specifically the magnetic field strength and magnetic field gradient, in the region of interest is configured to confine and manipulate at least one ion. Exemplarily, in addition to the current transmitted through the central segment, a potential, such as a predetermined trapping potential, can be generated in the region of interest, depending on the geometry of the central segment, which is configured to trap at least one ion in the region of interest. Exemplarily, the geometry of at least one of the first side surface, second side surface, top surface, and bottom surface of the central segment is predetermined according to the trapping potential to be generated.

[0023] One concept involves providing an extension section to the central section to apply efficient cooling to the central section. That is, such a central section can have an increased damage threshold compared to a typical current-carrying conductor. Specifically, the damage threshold indicates the amount of current that can be safely carried without damage or failure due to ohmic heating.

[0024] Advantageously, by using such an electrical conductor that includes a central section, the magnetic field generated by the central section can be predetermined with particularly precise and wide-ranging magnetic field strength values. In fact, the central section can carry a larger current compared to a typical current-carrying conductor without an extension section.

[0025] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the central segment is defined by an input interface and an output interface along the main extension direction. That is, the central segment extends along the main extension direction from the input interface to the output interface, specifically along a first length.

[0026] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, an extension segment is disposed at a side surface of the central segment, the side surface extending along a main extension direction. Specifically, the side surface is a first side surface or a second side surface of the central segment. Alternatively, the side surface is a circumferential surface of the central segment.

[0027] The extension segment, for example, is in direct and immediate contact with the side surface of the central segment. Exemplarily, the extension segment is directly thermally and / or electrically connected to the side surface of the central segment. Due to this direct connection, heat can be dissipated particularly well from the central segment to the extension segment.

[0028] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the cross-sectional area of ​​the extension segment is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the central segment. The cross-sectional area is specifically defined in the transverse direction by the electrical conductor.

[0029] The extension segment has a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to the top surface. The top surface and the bottom surface are connected by a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface, and by a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first surface of the extension segment faces the side surface of the central segment and is in direct contact with the side surface of the central segment. The second surface of the extension segment faces away from the side surface of the central segment.

[0030] The top and bottom surfaces of the extension segment each have a main extending plane extending in the transverse direction. The first and second side surfaces, as well as the first and second surface surfaces of the extension segment, each have a main extending plane in the vertical direction. Exemplarily, directly adjacent surfaces are connected by edges. Each edge is, for example, rounded or angled.

[0031] The main extension planes of the first and second surfaces of the extension segment extend parallel to the main extension direction of the central segment. The main extension planes of the first and second side surfaces of the extension segment extend inclined to or perpendicular to the main extension direction of the central segment.

[0032] Specifically, the area of ​​at least one of the top and bottom surfaces of the extension segment is larger than the area of ​​at least one of the top and bottom surfaces of the central segment. For example, the area of ​​at least one of the top and bottom surfaces of the extension segment is at least 50% or at least 100% larger than the area of ​​at least one of the top and bottom surfaces of the central segment.

[0033] Advantageously, by having such a large-area extension section, the amount of ohmic heat generated in the central section can be dissipated to the extension section in a relatively large amount compared to an extension section with a smaller size than the central section.

[0034] Alternatively or additionally, the cross-sectional area is defined vertically by an electrical conductor. In this case, the extension segment has an increased thickness.

[0035] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the extension segment regionally protrudes beyond the input and output interfaces along the main extension direction. Specifically, the extension segment protrudes beyond the input and output interfaces along the main extension direction at a certain distance from the central segment. Within this distance, the extension segment has an additional length greater than the first length of the central segment.

[0036] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the extension segment gradually tapers towards the center segment. For example, the additional length of the extension segment decreases according to the distance to the center segment. That is, the additional length of the extension segment is reduced, for example, to reduce the distance to the center segment.

[0037] For example, the main extension direction of the extension segment facing the central segment, particularly the first side surface of the first interface and the main extension direction of the central segment, has a first angle of less than 90°, exemplarily at least 10° or at least 20°, and / or at most 80° or at most 70°, such as about 45°. Similarly, the main extension direction of the extension segment facing the central segment, particularly the second side surface of the second interface and the main extension direction of the central segment, has a second angle of less than 90°, exemplarily at least 10° or at least 20°, and / or at most 80° or at most 70°, such as about 45°. The first angle and the second angle may be equal to each other.

[0038] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, in the region where the extension segment and the central segment are directly adjacent to each other, the extension segment does not protrude beyond the input and output interfaces along the main extension direction. Exemplarily, in the region where the extension segment and the central segment are directly adjacent to each other, an additional length of the extension segment is equal to or less than the first length of the central segment. The region where the extension segment and the central segment are directly adjacent to each other is the interface between the first side surface of the central segment and the first surface of the extension segment.

[0039] In other words, due to this design, the magnetic field generated by the central segment in the region of interest is not significantly disturbed, and thermal coupling between the extension segment and the central segment is achieved simultaneously.

[0040] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the extension segment and the central segment are integrally formed. For example, the central segment and the extension segment include or contain the same material. Exemplarily, the central segment and the extension segment are formed integrally.

[0041] According to at least one embodiment, the electrical conductor includes an input section disposed at an input interface. Exemplarily, the input section is an input feed for a central section.

[0042] According to at least one embodiment, the electrical conductor includes an output section disposed at the output interface. Exemplarily, the output section is for output feeding to the central section.

[0043] The input section and the output section each have a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to the top surface. The top surface and the bottom surface of each of the input section and the output section are connected by a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface, and a first surface surface and a second surface surface opposite to the first surface surface.

[0044] The first surface of the input section faces the input interface of the central section and is in direct contact with it. The second surface of the input section faces away from the input interface of the central section. The first surface of the output section faces the output interface of the central section and is in direct contact with it. The second surface of the output section faces away from the output interface of the central section. For example, the second surfaces of the input and output interfaces are configured to be in external contact.

[0045] Each of the input and output sections has a top surface and a bottom surface, each having a main extending plane in the lateral direction. Each of the input and output sections also has a first side surface and a second side surface, as well as a first surface and a second surface, in the vertical direction. Exemplarily, directly adjacent surfaces are connected by an edge. Each edge is, for example, rounded or angled.

[0046] The first side surface of the input section is directly opposite to the first side surface of the extension section. The first side surface of the output section is directly opposite to the second side surface of the extension section. The main extension direction of the first side surface of each of the input and output sections extends obliquely to the main extension direction of the central section. The main extension direction of the second side surface of each of the input and output sections extends parallel to the main extension direction of the central section. In particular, the second side surface of each of the input and output sections terminates flush with the second side surface of the central section, especially the central section.

[0047] By utilizing such input and output sections, current can be supplied to the central section in an efficient manner. These input and output sections also increase heat dissipation away from the central section.

[0048] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, at least one of the cross-sectional area of ​​the input section and the cross-sectional area of ​​the output section is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the central section. In particular, the area of ​​at least one of the top surface and the bottom surface of at least one of the input section and the output section is greater than the area of ​​at least one of the top surface and the bottom surface of the central section.

[0049] For example, at least one of the input segment and the output segment has a certain thickness in the vertical direction, which increases according to the distance to the center segment. That is, the thickness of at least one of the input segment and the output segment is increased, for example, to increase the distance to the center segment.

[0050] Advantageously, by utilizing such relatively large input and output sections, heat can be dissipated particularly efficiently from the central section, thereby further increasing the damage threshold.

[0051] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the extension segment is spaced apart from the input segment and the output segment. Specifically, the first side surface of the input segment and the first side surface of the extension segment are spaced apart by a first gap in the transverse direction. Furthermore, the first side surface of the output segment and the second side surface of the extension segment are specifically spaced apart by a second gap in the transverse direction.

[0052] For example, the first side surface of the input section facing the main extension direction of the center section and the main extension direction of the center section have an additional first angle of less than 90°, exemplarily at least 10° or at least 20°, and / or at most 80° or at most 70°, such as about 45°. Similarly, the first side surface of the output section facing the main extension direction of the center section and the main extension direction of the center section have an additional second angle of less than 90°, exemplarily at least 10° or at least 20°, and / or at most 80° or at most 70°, such as about 45°. The additional first angle and the additional second angle may be equal to each other.

[0053] If the other first angle and the second angle and / or the other second angle and the second angle are equal, then the first gap and / or the second gap have equal widths in the lateral direction.

[0054] If the other first angle and / or the other second angle and the second angle are different from each other, then the first gap and / or the second gap have a width that varies according to the distance to the center segment. That is, the width of the first gap and / or the second gap is reduced, for example, by reducing the distance to the center segment.

[0055] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, at least one of the input section and the output section is integrally formed with the center section. In particular, both the input section and the output section are integrally formed with the center section. Exemplarily, the center section, the extension section, the input section, and the output section are formed as one piece.

[0056] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the extension section and the center section are each formed by metallization. In particular, the input section, the output section, the extension section, and the center section are each formed by metallization.

[0057] Metallization is formed, for example, by planar conductors. In particular, electrical conductors are formed by planar conductors. “Planar” here and below means that the planar conductor includes length in the transverse direction, width in the transverse direction, and thickness in the vertical direction, wherein the thickness is at least two orders of magnitude smaller than the length.

[0058] The width of the central section of the planar conductor extends perpendicular to the main extension direction of the central section and is, for example, at least 0.5 μm or at least 1 μm and / or at most 500 μm or at most 100 μm, such as about 20 μm.

[0059] The thickness of the planar conductor, particularly the central section, extension section, input section and / or output section, is, for example, at least 0.1 μm or at least 1 μm and / or at most 100 μm or at most 50 μm, such as about 5 μm.

[0060] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the central segment and the extension segment lie in a common plane. In particular, the input segment, the output segment, the extension segment, and the central segment lie in a common plane.

[0061] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the central segment and the extension segment are curved. Specifically, the input segment, output segment, extension segment, and central segment are curved. For example, the extension segment and the central segment are wound around a virtual axis. Specifically, the virtual axis extends parallel to the main extension direction of the central segment. For example, the second surface of the extension segment directly faces the second side surface of the central segment. Exemplarily, a third gap exists between the second surface of the extension segment and the second side surface of the central segment.

[0062] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the central segment and the extension segment are angled. For example, the central segment and the extension segment are curved along a first virtual axis, which is specifically inclined to or perpendicular to the main extension direction. The first virtual axis divides the central segment and the extension segment into a first part and a second part. The first part and the second part extend obliquely or perpendicularly to each other.

[0063] Additionally, the central segment and the extension segment may be further curved along a second virtual axis, which is specifically inclined to or perpendicular to the main extension direction. The first and second virtual axes divide the central segment and the extension segment into a first part, a second part, and a third part. The second part is arranged between the first and third parts. The main extension planes of the first and third parts each extend inclined to or perpendicular to the second part. Specifically, the main extension planes of the first and third parts extend parallel to each other and are vertically spaced apart by the second part.

[0064] According to at least one embodiment of the electrical conductor, the region of interest is configured to capture and / or manipulate at least one quantum particle. In particular, the region of interest is arranged directly adjacent to the central segment. That is, advantageously, at least one quantum particle can be controlled with particularly precise control by such an electrical conductor.

[0065] For example, the central section has an ohmic resistance of at least 0.1 Ω and at most 10 Ω, such as about 1 Ω. Furthermore, the current to be transmitted through the central section is at least 1 A and at most 50 A, such as about 10 A.

[0066] Furthermore, a method for producing electrical conductors is specified, wherein the electrical conductors described above herein are produced or can be produced by this method. That is, the characteristics of the electrical conductors also apply to this method, and vice versa.

[0067] According to at least one embodiment of the method, a substrate is provided. Exemplarily, the substrate is formed of an electrically insulating material, i.e., having relatively low conductivity compared to the central portion. The substrate is, for example, a mechanically rigid substrate or a mechanically flexible substrate.

[0068] If the substrate is mechanically flexible, it is supported during production using a mechanically stable temporary substrate. If the substrate is mechanically rigid, it may include at least one of sapphire, silicon, aluminum nitride, and glass. The substrate may be a printed circuit board or an ion trap substrate. The substrate is particularly configured to advantageously and effectively dissipate heat from electrical conductors. Furthermore, the substrate particularly has relatively low thermal expansion.

[0069] According to at least one embodiment of the method, a metallization layer is applied to a substrate. For example, the metallization layer is applied by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process or a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process.

[0070] According to at least one embodiment of the method, the metallization layer is configured as a central segment and an extension segment disposed at the central segment.

[0071] According to at least one embodiment of the method, the extension segment extends away from the main extension direction of the central segment, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the extension segment is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the central segment.

[0072] According to at least one embodiment of the method, the metallization layer is constructed by a photolithography process. The photolithography process specifically includes the use of a photoresist and an etching step.

[0073] The electrical conductor is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and associated drawings.

[0074] Figure 1 and Figure 2 Each shows a plan view of an electrical conductor according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0075] Figure 3 and Figure 4 Each shows a three-dimensional diagram of an electrical conductor according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0076] Identical, similar, or equivalent elements are given the same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. The scale of the figures and elements shown in the drawings should not be considered as true scale. Rather, individual elements may be exaggerated for better representation and / or better understanding.

[0077] according to Figure 1 The exemplary embodiment of the conductor 1 includes a central segment 2 and an extension segment 5. The central segment 2 is configured to transmit a current, indicated by an arrow in the figure, with the arrow pointing in the direction of the current. The current is specifically configured to generate a magnetic field, such that the central segment 2 is configured to provide a magnetic field within a region of interest 6 spaced apart from the central segment 2. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the diagram, region of interest 6 is indicated by the dashed line.

[0078] The central segment 2 is formed by a planar guide extending in the main extension plane along the main extension direction, wherein the main extension direction of the central segment 2 corresponds to the arrow in the figure.

[0079] Figure 1 and Figure 2 Both are top views of the electrical conductor 1. That is, the top surface of the central segment 2 and the top surface of the extension segment 5 are shown.

[0080] The first side surface 7 and the second side surface 8 of the central segment 2 both extend parallel to the main extension direction. The first side surface 7 and the second side surface 8 of the central segment 2 extend between the first surface 9 and the second surface 10 of the central segment 2. The first surface 9 and the second surface 10 extend perpendicular to the main extension direction. The first surface 9 is the first interface of the central segment 2, and the second surface 10 is the second interface of the central segment 2. Specifically, current is input through the input interface 3 and output through the output interface 4.

[0081] The first surface 9 and the second surface 10 of the extension segment 5 both extend parallel to the main extension direction. The first surface 9 of the extension segment 5 extends between the first surface 9 and the second surface 10 of the central segment 2. The first surface 9 of the extension segment 5 is in direct contact with the first side surface 7 of the central segment 2.

[0082] The first side surface 7 of the central segment 2 has a first length along the main extension direction that is greater than the additional length of the first surface 9 of the extension segment 5. Furthermore, the first length of the first side surface 7 of the central segment 2 is less than the additional length of the second surface 10 of the extension segment 5. Specifically, the extension segment 5 tapers towards the central segment 2.

[0083] In other words, the extension segment 5 extends away from the main extension direction of the central segment 2. The extension segment 5 extends to a certain distance perpendicular to the main extension direction of the central segment 2. This distance is at least 50% greater than, for example, the first length of the central segment 2. In particular, the area of ​​the top surface of the central segment 2 is greater than the area of ​​the top surface of the extension segment 5.

[0084] The central section 2 and the extended section 5 are formed as one unit.

[0085] according to Figure 2 The conductor 1 in an exemplary embodiment includes, in addition to Figure 1 The input section 11 and the output section 12 are located outside the extension section 5. The area of ​​the top surface of the input section 11 and the area of ​​the top surface of the output section 12 are each greater than the area of ​​the top surface of the central section 2.

[0086] The first side surface 7 of the input section 11 is directly opposite to the first side surface 7 of the extension section 5. The first side surface 7 of the output section 12 is directly opposite to the second side surface 8 of the extension section 5.

[0087] The second side surface 8 of the input section 11 and the second side surface 8 of the output section 12 each extend parallel to the main extension direction. The second side surfaces 8 of the input section 11 and the output section 12 terminate flush with the second side surface 8 of the center section 2.

[0088] The first surface 9 of the input section 11 faces the input interface 3 of the central section 2 and is in direct contact with the input interface 3 of the central section 2. The second surface 10 of the input section 11 faces away from the input interface 3 of the central section 2. The length of the first surface 9 of the input section 11 is less than the length of the second surface 10 of the input section 11, wherein the length is oriented perpendicular to the main extension direction.

[0089] The first surface 9 of the output section 12 faces the output interface 4 of the central section 2 and is in direct contact with the output interface 4 of the central section 2. The second surface 10 of the output section 12 faces away from the output interface 4 of the central section 2. The length of the first surface 9 of the output section 12 is less than the length of the second surface 10 of the output section 12, wherein the length is oriented perpendicular to the main extension direction.

[0090] Both the first side surface 7 of the extension segment 5 and the first side surface 7 of the input segment 11 face the main extension direction of the central segment 2, forming an angle of approximately 45° with the main extension direction of the central segment 2, specifically a first angle and another first angle. Furthermore, the first side surface 7 of the extension segment 5 and the first side surface 7 of the input segment 11 are spaced apart from each other by a first gap 13.

[0091] Both the second side surface 8 of the extension section 5 and the first side surface 7 of the output section 12 face the main extension direction of the central section 2, forming an angle of approximately 45° with the main extension direction of the central section 2, specifically a second angle and another second angle. Furthermore, the second side surface 8 of the extension section 5 and the first side surface 7 of the output section 12 are spaced apart from each other by a second gap 14.

[0092] The angle with the main extension direction is Figure 2 The middle part is depicted as a dashed line.

[0093] The input section 11, the central section 2, the extension section 5, and the output section 12 are formed as a single unit. Furthermore, the input section 11, the central section 2, the extension section 5, and the output section 12 all extend within a common plane. That is, the electrical conductor 1 extends within a single common plane.

[0094] and Figure 2 In comparison, according to Figure 3 The conductor 1 is curved. For example, specifically, the input segment 11, the center segment 2, the extension segment 5, and the output segment 12 of the conductor 1 are wound around a virtual axis 15. The virtual axis 15 is... Figure 3 The middle section is depicted as a dashed line. That is, the input section 11, the center section 2, the extension section 5, and the output section 12 of the electrical conductor 1 are specifically formed as the outer surface of a hollow cylinder. The virtual axis 15 is the central axis of the hollow cylinder.

[0095] The second surface 10 of the extension segment 5 is directly opposite to the second side surface 8 of the central segment 2, thereby forming a third gap 16.

[0096] and Figure 2 In comparison, according to Figure 4 The conductor 1 is angled. The conductor 1 is divided into three parts by a first virtual axis 15 and a second virtual axis 15: a first part 17, a second part 18, and a third part 19. The first virtual axis 15 and the second virtual axis 15 are perpendicular to the main extension direction of the central segment 2. The first virtual axis 15 and the second virtual axis 15 are at... Figure 4 The middle part is depicted as two dotted lines.

[0097] The first virtual axis 15 and the second virtual axis 15 each extend through the central segment 2 and the extension segment 5. Both the first part 17 and the third part 19 have main extension planes that are parallel to each other. The second part 18 extends between the first part 17 and the second part 19, wherein the second part 18 has a main extension plane that is perpendicular to the main extension planes of the first part 17 and the third part 19.

[0098] For example, a first portion 17 is disposed on the top surface of the substrate, a second portion 18 is disposed on the side surface of the substrate, and a third portion 19 is disposed on the bottom surface of the substrate. The substrate is in particular part of an ion trap.

[0099] This invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein. Rather, the invention includes any new features and any combination of features, particularly any combination of features in the claims, even if the feature or combination itself is not expressly indicated in the claims or exemplary embodiments. Figure Labels 1 electrical conductor 2. Central Section 3 Input Interface 4 Output Interface 5 extension sections 6 Areas of Interest 7 First side surface 8 Second side surface 9 First surface 10 Second surface 11 Input Section 12 Output Section 13 First gap 14 Second gap 15 Virtual Axis 16 Third gap 17 Part 1 Part 2 of 18 Part 3 of 19

Claims

1. An electrical conductor (1) for generating a magnetic field, said electrical conductor (1) comprising: - A central section (2), the central section (2) having an input interface (3) and an output interface (4), and - An extension segment (5) is arranged in the central segment (2) between the input interface (3) and the output interface (4), wherein, - The extension segment (5) extends away from the main extension direction of the central segment (2), and - The central segment (2) is configured to provide the magnetic field within a region of interest (6) spaced apart from the central segment (2).

2. The electrical conductor (1) according to claim 1, wherein, - The central section (2) is configured to transmit current from the input interface (3) to the output interface (4), and - The extension section (5) is not configured to transmit current from the input interface (3) to the output interface (4).

3. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, - The central segment (2) is defined by the input interface (3) and the output interface (4) along the main extension direction, and - The extension segment (5) is disposed on the side surface of the central segment (2), the side surface extending along the main extension direction.

4. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, - The cross-sectional area of ​​the extension segment (5) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the central segment (2).

5. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, - The extension segment (5) regionally protrudes beyond the input interface and the output interface along the main extension direction, and - The extension segment (5) gradually tapers toward the central segment (2).

6. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, - In the region where the extension segment (5) and the central segment (2) are directly adjacent to each other, the extension segment (5) does not protrude beyond the input interface (3) and the output interface (4) along the main extension direction.

7. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, - The extension segment (5) is integrally formed with the central segment (2).

8. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising: - Input section (11), said input section (11) is arranged at the input interface (3), and - Output section (12), said output section (12) is arranged at the output interface (4), wherein, - At least one of the cross-sectional area of ​​the input section (11) and the cross-sectional area of ​​the output section (12) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the central section (2).

9. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 7 or 8, wherein, - The extension section (5) is spaced apart from the input section (11) and the output section (12).

10. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein, - At least one of the input section (11) and the output section (12) is integrally formed with the central section (2).

11. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, - The extension segment (5) and the central segment (2) are each formed by metallization.

12. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, - The central segment (2) and the extension segment (5) are in a common plane.

13. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, - The central segment (2) and the extension segment (5) are curved, and / or - The central segment (2) and the extension segment (5) are at an angle.

14. The electrical conductor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, - The region of interest (6) is configured to capture and / or manipulate at least one quantum particle.

15. A method for producing an electrical conductor (1), the method comprising the following steps: - Provide substrate; - Apply a metallization layer to the substrate; and - The metallization layer is configured as a central segment (2) and an extension segment (5) disposed at the central segment (2), wherein, - The extension segment (5) extends away from the main extension direction of the central segment (2), and - The cross-sectional area of ​​the extension segment (5) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the central segment (2).

16. The method for producing an electrical conductor (1) according to claim 15, wherein, - The metallization layer is constructed using a photolithography process.

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