Manufacturing method of multi-layer anti-sticking cookware and multi-layer anti-sticking cookware

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen utensils, and provides a manufacturing method of a multi-layer anti-sticking pot and the multi-layer anti-sticking pot. The method comprises the steps that a formed pot body is subjected to high-temperature oxidation treatment, so that at least one part of metal material on the surface of the formed pot body is oxidized to form a metal oxide layer; cladding meltallizing powder on the surface of the metal oxide layer in a meltallizing manner to obtain a meltallizing layer; a first micropore structure is prepared and formed in the meltallizing layer, and a second micropore structure is prepared and formed in the metal oxide layer; and after the forming pot body is cooled to a preset temperature, coating and drying operation of edible oil is conducted on the inner surface of the forming pot body for multiple times, multiple oil film layers are formed, and at least one oil film layer permeates and is solidified on the second micropore structure. According to the multi-layer anti-sticking cookware manufactured through the manufacturing method, a multi-layer cross-linked structure with the metal oxide layer, the meltallizing layer and the oil film layer is formed, the wear resistance and the high temperature resistance are effectively enhanced, and the service life of the anti-sticking effect is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of kitchenware technology, and in particular to a method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware and the multi-layer non-stick cookware itself. Background Technology

[0002] Non-stick cookware is a type of cooking utensil with a special coating that effectively prevents food from sticking to the bottom of the pot, making it easier to cook and clean.

[0003] Most existing cookware has an oil film coated on its surface to achieve a non-stick effect. However, the oil film can be easily damaged by using a spatula to stir food during cooking or by scrubbing during washing. Once the oil film is damaged, the cookware's non-stick properties will be lost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, this application proposes a method for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware and the multi-layer non-stick cookware itself.

[0005] A method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware, the method comprising:

[0006] The molded pot body is subjected to high-temperature oxidation treatment, so that at least a portion of the metal material on the surface of the molded pot body is oxidized to form a metal oxide layer.

[0007] The spray powder is deposited onto the surface of the metal oxide layer by spraying to obtain the spray layer;

[0008] A first microporous structure is formed in the melt-blown layer, and a second microporous structure is formed in the metal oxide layer;

[0009] After the molded pot body is cooled to a preset temperature, multiple coating and drying operations of edible oil are performed on the inner and outer surfaces of the molded pot body to form a multi-layer oil film layer, and at least one layer of the oil film layer penetrates and solidifies in the second microporous structure.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the high-temperature oxidation treatment of the molded pot body specifically includes: pre-polishing the molded pot body, inverting the molded pot body in a heating device, and introducing water steam to heat it at a temperature of 950-1050℃ for 15-30 minutes.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the step of depositing the spray powder onto the surface of the metal oxide layer by spraying to obtain the sprayed layer includes:

[0012] Plasma spraying is used to introduce an inert gas and molten powder is deposited onto the metal oxide layer to obtain a sprayed layer that is tightly bonded to the metal oxide layer.

[0013] Among them, the power setting of plasma spraying is 60-75kW, the temperature setting is 1800-2100℃, the powder feeding rate setting is 2-5g / min, and the melting distance setting is 80-120mm.

[0014] The particle size of the spray powder is between 40-110 μm, and the composition of the spray powder by mass percentage is: titanium: 30%-40%, chromium: 25%-30%, with the balance being impurities.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the first microporous structure is prepared in the molten layer using an electrolyte, and the second microporous structure is prepared in the metal oxide layer using an acidic solution.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the preparation of the first microporous structure in the melt-blown layer using an electrolyte comprises:

[0017] Add 3% oxalic acid aqueous solution and 0.5% (NH4)2SO4 solution to the molding pot body, and react for 8-12 minutes under an electric environment to form a fluorine-free electrolyte. The fluorine-free electrolyte forms the first microporous structure with a pore size of 2-5 μm in the melt spraying layer.

[0018] The preparation of the second microporous structure in the metal oxide layer using an acidic solution includes:

[0019] A 10% citric acid solution is added to the molding pot and heated to 40-60°C, so that the 10% citric acid solution reacts with the metal oxide layer through the first microporous structure. After stirring slightly and reacting for 1-1.5 hours, a second microporous structure with a pore size of 2-3 μm is formed in the metal oxide layer.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, before the first microporous structure is formed in the melt-blown layer, the method further includes:

[0021] The molded pot body is cleaned and polished;

[0022] After the first microporous structure is formed in the melt-blown layer, the method further includes:

[0023] After rinsing the molding pot body with clean water at 70-90℃ for 4-6 minutes, place deionized water into the molding pot body and clean it with ultrasonic cleaning for 4-10 minutes. Then, heat-treat the melt-sprayed layer at a temperature of 240-260℃.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, after the second microporous structure is formed in the metal oxide layer, the method further includes:

[0025] Ionized water is placed into the molding pot body, and the molding pot body is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning for 4-10 minutes, and then dried at a temperature of 90-130℃ for 18-22 minutes.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the process of repeatedly coating and drying edible oils on the inner surface of the molding pot to form a multi-layer oil film includes:

[0027] The edible oil is coated with a first layer of the inner surface layer of the molding pot with a first coating amount, so that the edible oil penetrates the melt spray layer and the metal oxide layer, and is dried at a first drying temperature and a first time, so that the edible oil solidifies in the second microporous structure to form a first oil film layer.

[0028] After the molded pot body has cooled down, a second layer of the edible oil is coated on the first oil film layer with a second coating amount, and then dried at a second drying temperature and a second time to form a second oil film layer.

[0029] After the molded pot body has cooled down, a third layer of the edible oil is coated on the second oil film layer with a third coating amount, and then dried at a third drying temperature and a third time to form a third oil film layer.

[0030] Wherein, the first coating amount is not less than the second coating amount, and the second coating amount is not less than the third coating amount;

[0031] The first drying temperature is not lower than the second drying temperature, and the second drying temperature is not lower than the third drying temperature;

[0032] The first drying time is not less than the second drying time, and the second drying time is not less than the third drying time;

[0033] The thickness of the first oil film layer is not greater than the thickness of the second oil film layer, and the thickness of the second oil film layer is not greater than the thickness of the third oil film layer.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the metal oxide layer is 5-15 μm, the thickness of the sprayed layer is 20-30 μm, the thickness of the first oil film layer is 0.5-1 μm, the thickness of the second oil film layer is 1-2 μm, and the thickness of the third oil film layer is 2-3 μm.

[0035] This application also provides a multi-layer non-stick cookware, which is manufactured using the manufacturing method of any one of the preceding multi-layer non-stick cookware.

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] This application provides a method for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware and the multi-layer non-stick cookware itself. The method for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware forms a multi-layer cross-linked structure of a metal oxide layer, a melt spray layer, and an oil film layer on the surface of the molded pot body, which effectively enhances the wear resistance and high temperature resistance of the cookware and extends the service life of the non-stick effect.

[0038] Among them, the metal oxide layer and the sprayed layer enhance the density and hardness of the cookware. The sprayed layer and the oil film layer work together to give full play to the high hardness of the metal and the function of the organic coating in buffering mechanical stress and chemical corrosion. Furthermore, through the gradient penetration of the oil film, a multi-layer oil film is formed to achieve long-term non-sticking. At the same time, the combination with the microporous structure of the sprayed layer and the oxide layer constructs an organic and inorganic cross-linked protection system, which further significantly improves the non-sticking, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cookware.

[0039] In addition, using edible oils to prepare the oil film layer avoids the risk of high-temperature decomposition of chemical coatings, thus improving the safety of cookware. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware, as an example;

[0042] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the preparation method of the multi-layer oil film layer in the multi-layer non-stick cookware of the embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 Example of a multi-layer structure for a multi-layer non-stick cookware as described in the embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 4 Example of a multi-layer structure for a multi-layer non-stick cookware as described in the embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged detail of point A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Various embodiments of this disclosure will be described more fully below. This disclosure may have various embodiments, and adjustments and changes may be made therein. However, it should be understood that there is no intention to limit the various embodiments of this disclosure to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather this disclosure should be understood to cover all adjustments, equivalents, and / or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0047] In the following, the terms “comprising” or “may include”, which may be used in various embodiments of this disclosure, indicate the presence of the disclosed functions, operations, or elements, and do not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations, or elements. Furthermore, as used in various embodiments of this disclosure, the terms “comprising,” “having,” and their cognates are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be construed as primarily excluding the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing, or the possibility of adding one or more combinations of the foregoing.

[0048] In various embodiments of this disclosure, the expression "or" or "at least one of A and / or B" includes any combination or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0049] The terms used in the various embodiments of this disclosure (such as "first," "second," etc.) may modify various components in the various embodiments, but do not limit the corresponding components. For example, the above terms do not limit the order and / or importance of the components. The above terms are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from others. For example, a first user device and a second user device refer to different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, a first component may be referred to as a second component without departing from the scope of the various embodiments of this disclosure, and similarly, a second component may also be referred to as a first component.

[0050] It should be noted that if a description is made of "connecting" one component to another, then the first component can be directly connected to the second component, and a third component can be "connected" between the first and second components. Conversely, when a component is "directly connected" to another component, it can be understood that there is no third component between the first and second components.

[0051] The term "user" as used in various embodiments of this disclosure may refer to a person using an electronic device or a device using an electronic device (e.g., an artificial intelligence electronic device).

[0052] The terminology used in the various embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the various embodiments of this disclosure. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this disclosure pertain. Terms (such as those defined in a generally used dictionary) are to be interpreted as having the same meaning as in the context of the relevant technical field and are not to be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] This application provides a method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0055] S100, the molded pot body is subjected to high-temperature oxidation treatment, so that at least a portion of the metal material on the surface of the molded pot body is oxidized to form a metal oxide layer.

[0056] S200: The spray powder is deposited onto the surface of the metal oxide layer by spraying to obtain the spray layer;

[0057] S300, a first microporous structure is formed in the melt spray layer, and a second microporous structure is formed in the metal oxide layer;

[0058] S400 involves multiple coating and drying operations of edible oil on the inner surface of the molded pot body after it has cooled to a preset temperature, forming a multi-layered oil film layer, with at least one oil film layer penetrating and solidifying in the second microporous structure.

[0059] The molded pot body is subjected to high-temperature oxidation treatment, so that at least a portion of the metal material on the surface of the molded pot body is oxidized to form a metal oxide layer.

[0060] Among them, the molded pot body is the main body of the pot with a specific shape and structure, which is made by processing metal materials through a specific process. Generally, it includes the bottom and the wall, which are connected to each other or formed as one piece. The molded pot body can be prepared by a variety of processes. The process of preparation is to form a cavity structure by deforming the base material to meet the basic requirements of the pot's shape. For example, sand casting, stamping and stretching, die casting and composite molding are common pot preparation processes.

[0061] Of course, the above-described manufacturing process of the molded pot body is merely an illustrative example, intended to illustrate a possible implementation to aid in understanding the technical solution of this application. This application does not impose any limitations on the manufacturing process of the molded pot body. In practical applications, the manufacturing process or method of obtaining the molded pot body can be adjusted according to actual needs, and all should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the molded pot body is usually made of metal or alloy materials, such as iron, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and other materials commonly used in cookware.

[0063] More specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the molded pot body is mainly made of iron material. Under preset temperature conditions, the molded pot body is subjected to high-temperature oxidation treatment to form a metal oxide layer with the composition of iron(III) oxide on the surface of the molded pot body.

[0064] Of course, there are no restrictions on the specific material of the molded pot body, nor are there any restrictions on the metal oxide layer formed on its surface. It can be selected and replaced according to actual needs, and the composition of the formed metal oxide layer will change accordingly.

[0065] Common metal oxide layers typically consist of Fe3O4, Cr2O3, Al2O3, etc. Understandably, a dense and stable metal oxide layer is applied to the surface of the molded pot, effectively isolating water and oxygen from direct contact with the pot, blocking electrochemical corrosion pathways, preventing deep corrosion, and extending its service life. Furthermore, the metal oxide layer exhibits high resistance to corrosive media such as acids, alkalis, and salts, effectively reducing the leaching of metal ions from the molded pot.

[0066] The spray powder is deposited onto the surface of the metal oxide layer by spraying to obtain the spray layer.

[0067] Among them, the spraying methods can include plasma spraying, which uses a plasma arc to convert electrical energy into heat energy, causing the powder to melt instantly, and then atomize and spray it onto the surface of the molded pot body through a high-speed airflow; it can also include flame spraying, which uses oxygen-fuel combustion to generate high temperature, melts metal wire or powder, and sprays it onto the surface of the molded pot body through an airflow; in addition, it can also include electric arc spraying and other spraying methods.

[0068] Of course, the above-described sputtering method for forming the sputtering layer is merely an illustrative example, intended to illustrate a possible implementation to aid in understanding the technical solution of this application. This application does not impose any limitations on the sputtering method. In practical applications, the sputtering method can be adjusted according to actual needs, and all such adjustments should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

[0069] The spray powder is a composite powder comprising at least some metals and / or alloys, such as an iron-based alloy, with Fe as the base and the addition of 25-40% Mo, 1-5% Cr, 1-5% Ni, 1-4% B, and rare earth oxides (such as 0-3% CeO2, La2O3). Of course, the above is merely an example of a spray powder, and no limitation is made on its specific composition. The composition of the spray powder can be adjusted according to actual needs, and all such adjustments should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

[0070] Understandably, the preparation of the melt-painted layer further enhances the wear resistance and hardness of cookware. For example, the hardness of melt-painted layers made of materials such as titanium, alumina, and titanium carbide is significantly higher than that of the cookware base metal made of materials such as aluminum or iron, which enhances the cookware's resistance to scratches from spatulas and friction from food. Furthermore, the addition of ductile metal elements such as Ti to the melt-painted layer further balances hardness and toughness, helping to prevent the cookware surface from cracking due to excessive brittleness or scratching due to excessive softness.

[0071] A first microporous structure is formed in the melt-blown layer, and a second microporous structure is formed in the metal oxide layer.

[0072] Microporous structures refer to ordered pore networks with pore sizes ranging from nanometers to micrometers formed on or inside the surface of a material. Their core parameters include pore size distribution, porosity, specific pore volume, and pore connectivity.

[0073] The design of the first and second microporous structures increases the anchoring points of the metal oxide layer and the melt-blown layer, strengthens the interfacial bonding force, facilitates the penetration and bonding of subsequent edible oils, and improves the bonding strength of the metal oxide layer, melt-blown layer and oil film layer, thereby extending the effective period of the cookware's non-stick effect.

[0074] For example, the first microporous structure in the molten layer can be prepared by plasma etching, such as by bombarding the surface of the molten layer with argon / oxygen plasma to selectively remove weak areas; the second microporous structure in the metal oxide layer can be prepared by laser processing, using a high-energy laser beam to ablate the metal to generate micropores with a pore size of 0.01-100 μm.

[0075] Of course, the above-mentioned preparation methods of the first microporous structure and the second microporous structure are merely illustrative examples, intended to illustrate a possible implementation method to help understand the technical solution of this application, and do not impose any restrictions on the specific preparation methods of the first microporous structure and the second microporous structure.

[0076] On the surface of the molded pot body cooled to a preset temperature, multiple coating and drying operations of edible oil are performed to form a multi-layer oil film, and at least one oil film penetrates and solidifies in the second microporous structure.

[0077] Edible oils can be vegetable oils, such as peanut oil, olive oil, camellia oil, and other healthy and harmless edible oils.

[0078] The preparation of a multi-layered oil film forms a multi-layered cross-linked organic protective layer, giving the cookware highly efficient non-stick and wear-resistant properties. The oil film layer forms a hydrophobic barrier, effectively preventing direct contact between food (such as starches) and the cookware substrate, significantly reducing the probability of adhesion. After high-temperature carbonization, the oil forms a dense protective layer with increased hardness, resisting scratches from spatulas and extending the cookware's lifespan. Furthermore, the oil film layer covers the cookware surface, blocking water and oxygen contact, inhibiting rusting, and reducing the reaction between food and the cookware substrate, preventing the leaching of metallic elements.

[0079] At least one oil film layer penetrates and solidifies in the second microporous structure, meaning that at least one oil film layer penetrates and solidifies in both the first and second microporous structures, thus achieving an effective combination of the oil film layer, the melt spray layer, and the metal oxide layer, thereby enhancing the overall structural stability of the cookware.

[0080] In summary, the multi-layer non-stick cookware manufacturing method proposed in this application forms a multi-type protective layer structure consisting of a metal oxide layer, a melt-sprayed layer, and an oil film layer, constructing an organic and inorganic cross-linked protective system. This significantly improves the cookware's non-stick properties, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. The preparation of the multi-layer oil film layer overcomes the limitations of traditional single-layer oil film surface adhesion, achieving long-lasting non-stick performance through layered oil storage, meeting the national standard's upgraded requirement for "durable non-stick." The melt-sprayed layer and the oil film layer work synergistically, leveraging the high hardness of the metal while the organic components of the oil film layer buffer mechanical stress and chemical corrosion. Even without chemical coatings, it can achieve durability requirements similar to those specified in QB / T 2421. Furthermore, the use of edible oils avoids the risk of high-temperature decomposition of chemical coatings (such as Teflon), enhancing safety and complying with the GB 4806.9-2023 food safety standard, as well as the GB / T 32432-2015 standard for household steel cookware.

[0081] In an optional embodiment, the molded pot body is subjected to high-temperature oxidation treatment, which specifically includes: preliminary polishing of the molded pot body, inverting the molded pot body in a heating device, and introducing water steam, heating at a temperature of 950-1050°C for 15-30 minutes.

[0082] For example, the molded pot body is subjected to high-temperature oxidation treatment, such as at temperatures of 950℃, 955℃, 960℃, 965℃, 970℃, 975℃, 980℃, 985℃, 990℃, 995℃, 1000℃, 1005℃, 1010℃, 1015℃, 1020℃, 1025℃, 1030℃, 1035℃, 1040℃, 1045℃, or 1050℃.

[0083] The heating time can be 15 min, 15.5 min, 16 min, 16.5 min, 17 min, 17.5 min, 18 min, 18.5 min, 19 min, 19.5 min, or 20 min, etc.

[0084] Understandably, the preparation of a metal oxide layer enhances the mechanical properties of cookware. The hardness of the metal oxide layer is significantly higher than that of the metal substrate, thereby enhancing the scratch resistance of the cookware and making it less prone to damage. Common metal oxide layers can be composed of aluminum oxide or iron oxide.

[0085] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the molded pot body is made of iron, forming a molded iron pot body. After preliminary polishing, the molded iron pot body is placed upside down in a heating device and heated to a high temperature of 1000°C for 15-30 minutes to form a relatively dense iron(III) oxide layer, with the reaction formula being: 3Fe + 4H₂O. high temperature Fe3O4 + 4H2; Iron element oxidizes under high temperature to form iron(II,III) oxide, which has a higher density and hardness than iron(II) oxide (Fe2O3). The metal oxide layer, which is mainly composed of iron(II,III) oxide, has an inverse spinel structure and can effectively bond with the melt spray layer.

[0086] More specifically, in the metal oxide layer whose main component is iron(III) oxide, iron exhibits a mixed valence state, resulting in highly active sites on the surface, such as reducing sites (Fe3O4). 2+ It readily undergoes redox reactions with molten metals (such as Al, Zn, etc.), forming a metal oxide transition layer (such as Al2O3 or ZnFe2O4); and also with oxidizing sites (Fe... 3+ It can capture oxygen atoms in the melt-sprayed layer, strengthen the chemical bonding at the interface; and the surface oxygen atoms form unsaturated bonds due to lattice truncation, becoming anchoring points for melt-sprayed metal atoms, enhancing atomic-level bonding force, thereby strengthening the bonding strength between the metal oxide layer and the melt-sprayed layer, and thus enhancing the stability of each layer in the cookware.

[0087] The metal oxide layer, primarily composed of iron oxide (Fe3O4), remains stable at high temperatures, reducing micro-cracks in the pot caused by thermal stress. Furthermore, this iron oxide layer optimizes heat transfer efficiency, promoting even heat distribution across the pot surface and reducing the risk of scorching due to localized overheating. The dense iron oxide layer on the iron pot surface, with its regularly arranged crystal structure and extremely low porosity, effectively isolates moisture and oxygen from the internal iron matrix, significantly delaying rusting. After sealing treatment, the metal oxide layer surface remains smooth after edible oils penetrate and solidify, reducing the likelihood of food adhesion.

[0088] Before subjecting the molded pot body to high-temperature oxidation treatment, the method also includes: preliminary polishing of the molded pot body;

[0089] Understandably, preliminary polishing of the pot body can effectively remove oxide scale and rust. Specifically, it can remove the loose and porous oxide film that naturally forms on metal in the air, enhancing corrosion resistance. Furthermore, polishing removes oil and impurities, preventing them from hindering the oxidation reaction and allowing the metal substrate to fully oxidize, forming a metal oxide layer of relatively uniform thickness. The microscopic smoothness after polishing reduces the porosity of the oxide film, which can significantly enhance corrosion resistance.

[0090] The initial polishing of the pot body can be done mechanically with sandpaper or sanding belt, or chemically with natural reagents, acid washing, etc.

[0091] Of course, the above-described polishing method is only an example and does not limit the method of polishing the shaped pot body.

[0092] In an optional embodiment, the spray powder is deposited onto the surface of the metal oxide layer by spraying to obtain a sprayed layer, comprising:

[0093] Plasma spraying is used to introduce inert gas and molten powder is deposited onto the metal oxide layer to obtain a sprayed layer that is tightly bonded to the metal oxide layer.

[0094] The plasma spraying power is set to 60-75kW, the temperature to 1800-2100℃, the powder feeding rate to 2-5g / min, and the melting distance to 80-120mm.

[0095] The particle size of the spray powder is between 40-110μm, and the composition of the spray powder by mass percentage is: titanium: 30%-40%, chromium: 25%-30%, with the balance being impurities.

[0096] For example, the power of plasma spraying can be set to 60kW, 61kW, 62kW, 63kW, 64kW, 65kW, 66kW, 67kW, 68kW, 69kW, 70kW, 71kW, 72kW, 73kW, 74kW or 75kW, etc.

[0097] The temperature can be set to 1800℃, 1810℃, 1820℃, 1830℃, 1840℃, 1850℃, 1860℃, 1870℃, 1880℃, 1890℃, 1900℃, 1910℃, 1920℃, 1930℃, 1940℃, 1950℃, 1960℃, 1970℃, 1980℃, 1990℃, 2000℃, 2010℃, 2020℃, 2030℃, 2040℃, 2050℃, 2060℃, 2070℃, 2080℃, 2090℃, or 2100℃, etc.

[0098] The powder feeding rate can be set to 2.0g / min, 2.1g / min, 2.2g / min, 2.3g / min, 2.4g / min, 2.5g / min, 2.6g / min, 2.7g / min, 2.8g / min, 2.9g / min, 3.0g / min, 3.1g / min, 3.2g / min, 3.3g / min, 3.4g / min, 3.5g / min, 3.6g / min, 3.7g / min, 3.8g / min, 3.9g / min, 4.0g / min, 4.1g / min, 4.2g / min, 4.3g / min, 4.4g / min, 4.5g / min, 4.6g / min, 4.7g / min, 4.8g / min, 4.9g / min or 5.0g / min, etc.

[0099] The weld gap can be set to 80mm, 81mm, 82mm, 83mm, 84mm, 85mm, 86mm, 87mm, 88mm, 89mm, 90mm, 91mm, 92mm, 93mm, 94mm, 95mm, 96mm, 97mm, 98mm, 99mm, 100mm, 101mm, 102mm, 103mm, 104mm, 105mm, 106mm, 107mm, 108mm, 109mm, 110mm, 111mm, 112mm, 113mm, 114mm, 115mm, 116mm, 117mm, 118mm, 119mm, or 120mm, etc.

[0100] The particle size of the sprayed powder can be 40μm, 41μm, 42μm, 43μm, 44μm, 45μm, 46μm, 47μm, 48μm, 49μm, 50μm, 51μm, 52μm, 53μm, 54μm, 55μm, 56μm, 57μm, 58μm, 59μm, 60μm, 61μm, 62μm, 63μm, 64μm, 65μm, 66μm, 67μm, 68μm, 69μm, 70μm, 71μm, 72μm, 73μm, 74μm, 75μm. , 76μm, 77μm, 78μm, 79μm, 80μm, 81μm, 82μm, 83μm, 84μm, 85μm, 86μm, 87μm, 88μm, 89μm, 90μm, 91μm, 92μm, 93μm, 94μm m, 95μm, 96μm, 97μm, 98μm, 99μm, 100μm, 101μm, 102μm, 103μm, 104μm, 105μm, 106μm, 107μm, 108μm, 109μm, or 110μm, etc.

[0101] The composition of titanium-based spray powder, by mass percentage, can be: 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, or 40%, etc.

[0102] The chromium content of the spray powder can be 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, or 50% by mass percentage.

[0103] Understandably, plasma spraying results in faster particle speeds, which helps form a dense sprayed layer after impacting the cookware, reducing porosity. Furthermore, the higher temperature of plasma spraying allows for interdiffusion between the heated particles and the cookware, significantly increasing the bonding strength between the sprayed layer and the metal oxide layer of the cookware, far exceeding that of other spraying methods such as flame spraying.

[0104] The plasma spraying power is set to 60-75kW, which can fully melt the high melting point spraying powder and reduce energy consumption. This avoids the generation of pores in the spraying layer caused by unmelted particles, reduces porosity, and improves the density of the spraying layer.

[0105] With a temperature setting of 1800-2100℃, it can effectively melt various metal ceramics and refractory materials, ensuring that the powder reaches a molten or semi-molten state during spraying, thus improving the density of the molten layer. The molten particles exhibit strong fluidity upon impacting the substrate, forming a rapid melting-solidification transition zone with a hardness between the molten layer and the metal oxide layer or substrate layer, significantly enhancing the bonding strength of the molten layer. Using an argon-hydrogen mixture within this temperature range of 1800-2100℃ maintains the stability of the plasma jet, reduces temperature fluctuations, and achieves a more uniform spraying effect. Furthermore, the reduced shrinkage rate of the molten particles at high temperatures results in a fish-scale-like protrusion distribution, reducing the tendency to crack.

[0106] When the powder feed rate is greater than 5 g / min, it is easy for the powder to not penetrate the plasma flame core sufficiently, resulting in an increased raw powder inclusion rate; when the powder feed rate is less than 2 g / min, it is easy for particles to agglomerate. A powder feed rate between 2-5 g / min and a powder residence time of 3-5 ms help the powder to melt fully, improving its flowability, sphericity, and density.

[0107] Setting the melting distance to 80-120mm can achieve a balance between heat conduction and cooling. When the melting distance is 80-100mm, the short melting distance accelerates the powder impact on the cookware substrate, and the liquid particles retain high kinetic energy, significantly improving the bonding strength. When the melting distance is 100-120mm, the flight time is extended, making the particles cool more evenly and reducing thermal stress cracks in the melt-sprayed layer.

[0108] The plasma spraying power is set to 60-75kW, the temperature to 6800-7200℃, the powder feeding rate to 2-5g / min, and the spraying distance to 80-120mm. This ensures that the droplets are fully flattened and the thickness of the sprayed layer fluctuates less, which can guarantee the quality of the sprayed layer and prevent the cookware substrate from overheating and deforming.

[0109] For example, the inert gas can be argon, helium, or neon, etc.

[0110] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, argon gas is introduced during plasma spraying. Argon gas is an inert gas with extremely stable chemical properties and will not undergo harmful reactions such as oxidation or nitriding with the molten material under high-temperature plasma conditions. During the spraying process, the protective layer formed by argon gas can also isolate oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapor in the air, preventing contamination of the coating or substrate surface, ensuring the purity of the coating components, and enhancing the bonding strength. Furthermore, argon ions have a large mass and can bombard the material surface at high speed under the acceleration of an electric field, effectively removing organic matter, oxides, and particulate contaminants, achieving deep cleaning. In addition, ion bombardment can also slightly roughen the material surface, increasing the surface area and mechanical interlocking force, significantly improving the adhesion of subsequent coatings or plating layers.

[0111] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the combination of the fusion-coated layer and the metal oxide layer effectively enhances the corrosion resistance of the cookware surface. For example, the fusion-coated layer or passivation film (TiO2) formed by titanium particle powder has excellent acid and alkali resistance, which can effectively block the corrosion of the molded cookware by acidic foods such as citric acid and tomatoes, thus extending the life of the cookware. Similarly, the fusion-coated layer or oxide film (Cr2O3) formed by chromium particle powder can resist chloride ion corrosion and improve salt resistance by more than 30%, making it suitable for cooking high-salt foods such as seafood.

[0112] The weight composition of the spraying powder is as follows: titanium: 30%-40%, chromium: 25%-30%, with the remainder being impurities. This weight composition significantly improves the acid, alkali, and salt resistance of the sprayed layer, while also enhancing its hardness and structural strength. The thermal expansion coefficient of the sprayed layer matches that of the cookware substrate, ensuring stability even at high temperatures and reducing the risk of cracking due to thermal stress.

[0113] The particle size of the spraying powder is between 40-110μm, which helps to optimize the preparation effect of the spraying layer. Within the above particle size range, the spraying powder has good flowability and stable powder feeding rate, which can effectively reduce the risk of gun clogging; and it can make the spraying powder melt fully, reducing the porosity of the spraying layer.

[0114] The fusion coating is made of pure metal or ceramic materials (such as titanium and alumina), free of harmful substances such as PFOA, PFAS, and BPA, and complies with the EU ban on fluorine, eliminating the risk of toxicity release at high temperatures; it is SGS certified, with heavy metal migration (lead and cadmium) below 0.01 mg / kg, in compliance with the national standard GB 4806.10-2016.

[0115] Understandably, the combination of the metal oxide layer and the sprayed layer utilizes the microporous or uneven structure of the metal oxide layer surface. The sprayed layer is fused onto the surface of the metal oxide layer, filling the microporous or uneven structure to form an interlocking structure, which significantly improves the bonding strength between the two. After the sprayed layer and the metal oxide layer are combined, they are scratch-resistant and not easy to fall off. On the other hand, the combination of the metal elements of the sprayed layer and the metal oxide layer adjusts the thermal expansion coefficient of the sprayed layer to match that of the cookware substrate, reducing the risk of cracking due to stress under hot and cold conditions.

[0116] The metal oxide layer itself is chemically inert and can resist acid and alkali corrosion, playing a basic protective role. The molten spray layer further blocks the penetration of corrosive media, working synergistically with the metal oxide layer to optimize the anti-corrosion effect, forming a dual synergistic protection. At the same time, wear resistance and high temperature resistance are also improved.

[0117] In an optional embodiment, a first microporous structure is prepared in the molten layer using an electrolyte, and a second microporous structure is prepared in the metal oxide layer using an acidic solution.

[0118] For example, a fluorine-free electrolyte (such as a carbonate solvent containing organic lithium salt LiTSI) can selectively dissolve metal grain boundaries or defect regions through electrochemical oxidation etching, forming a first microporous structure on the surface of the molten layer (the main component of which is a titanium-chromium alloy).

[0119] Acidic solutions (such as H₂SO₄ or H₃PO₄) chemically corrode the metal oxide layer (mainly composed of Fe₃O₄ or Al₂O₃), dissolving weakly crystalline regions or impurity phases to form a secondary microporous structure. For example, phosphoric acid can selectively dissolve the amorphous phase in alumina, leaving honeycomb-like channels.

[0120] Of course, the above content is only an example of the preparation method of the first microporous structure and the second microporous structure. No restrictions are placed on the specific preparation method of the first microporous structure and the second microporous structure. The preparation method of the first microporous structure and the second microporous structure can be selected according to actual needs, and all should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

[0121] The pore size of the first microporous structure is not smaller than that of the second microporous structure.

[0122] Preferably, the pore size of the second microporous structure is smaller than that of the first microporous structure.

[0123] Understandably, the cooperation between the first and second microporous structures facilitates the penetration and bonding of edible oils, resulting in a dual enhancement: the first microporous structure acts as an anchoring agent, while the second microporous structure acts as a compacting agent. Specifically, the first microporous structure reduces flow resistance, facilitating the full flow of edible oils and increasing the bonding strength between the oil film layer and the melt-blown layer. The second microporous structure, with a smaller pore size than the first, enhances the adsorption of edible oils through capillary action. The bonding between the metal oxide layer and the oil film layer achieves a dense structure.

[0124] In addition, the design of the first and second microporous structures helps to avoid imbalances in the thermal expansion rates between the metal oxide layer, the melt spray layer, and the cookware substrate layer to a certain extent, thereby improving the overall structural stability of the cookware.

[0125] Specifically, in an optional embodiment, preparing the first microporous structure in the melt-blown layer using an electrolyte includes:

[0126] Add 3% (NH4)2SO4 solution to the molding pot body and react for 8-12 minutes under an electric environment to form a fluorine-free electrolyte. The fluorine-free electrolyte forms a first microporous structure with a pore size of 2-5μm in the melt spraying layer.

[0127] Exemplarily, the reaction time can be 8min, 8.1min, 8.2min, 8.3min, 8.4min, 8.5min, 8.6min, 8.7min, 8.8min, 8.9min, 9min, 9.1min, 9.2min, 9.3min, 9.4min, 9.5min, 9.6min, 9.7min, 9.8min, 9.9min, 10min, 1 0.1min, 10.2min, 10.3min, 10.4min, 10.5min, 10.6min, 10.7min, 10.8min, 10.9min, 11min, 1 1.1min, 11.2min, 11.3min, 11.4min, 11.5min, 11.6min, 11.7min, 11.8min, 11.9min or 12min, etc.

[0128] The pore size of the first microporous structure can be 2μm, 2.1μm, 2.2μm, 2.3μm, 2.4μm, 2.5μm, 2.6μm, 2.7μm, 2.8μm, 2.9μm, 3μm, 3.1μm, 3.2μm, 3.3μm, 3.4μm, 3.5μm, 3.6μm, 3.7μm, 3.8μm, 3.9μm, 4μm, 4.1μm, 4.2μm, 4.3μm, 4.4μm, 4.5μm, 4.6μm, 4.7μm, 4.8μm, 4.9μm, or 5μm, etc.

[0129] More specifically, in some embodiments of this application, a 3% oxalic acid aqueous solution and a 0.5% (NH4)2SO4 solution are added to the molding pot, and the reaction is carried out under an electric current for 8-12 minutes. The voltage is 30V and the current is 1A. The reaction formula is as follows:

[0130] 2Ti+2H2C2O4+2H2O2→TiO2+TiC2O4+6H+6e - ,

[0131] TiC2O4→TiO2+2CO2.

[0132] The preparation of a second microporous structure in a metal oxide layer using an acidic solution includes:

[0133] Add a 10% citric acid solution to the molding pot and heat it to 40-60℃. This allows the 10% citric acid solution to react with the metal oxide layer through the first microporous structure. Stir gently at the same time. After reacting for 1-1.5 hours, a second microporous structure with a pore size of 2-3 μm is formed in the metal oxide layer.

[0134] For example, the temperature can be heated to 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, 45°C, 46°C, 47°C, 48°C, 49°C, 50°C, 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 58°C, 59°C, or 60°C, etc.

[0135] The reaction time can be 1 hour, 1.1 hours, 1.2 hours, 1.3 hours, 1.4 hours, or 1.5 hours, etc.

[0136] The pore size of the second microporous structure can be 2μm, 2.1μm, 2.2μm, 2.3μm, 2.4μm, 2.5μm, 2.6μm, 2.7μm, 2.8μm, 2.9μm or 3μm, etc.

[0137] More specifically, a 10% citric acid solution is added to the molding pan and heated to 40-60°C, allowing the 10% citric acid solution to react with the metal oxide layer through the first microporous structure. Simultaneously, the 10% citric acid solution is gently stirred, and the reaction is allowed to proceed for 1-1.5 hours.

[0138] The reaction is: C6H8O7 + Fe3O4 → 3Fe(C6H5O7) 2- +8H2O+2H + .

[0139] Understandably, by preparing the first microporous structure with a 3% oxalic acid aqueous solution and a 0.5% solution, and the second microporous structure with a 10% citric acid solution, the acidic components of common ingredients in the cooking process can be simulated, such as lemons, limes, pineapples, tomatoes, etc. which contain citric acid. By removing the part of the metal oxide layer that is easily removed by the citric acid reaction, the reaction or corrosion of the ingredients during subsequent cooking can be effectively prevented, thereby enhancing the acid corrosion resistance of the melt-blown layer and the metal oxide layer.

[0140] Furthermore, the aluminum and iron elements in the sprayed layer improve heat conduction and create a first microporous structure, which, combined with the second microporous structure of the metal oxide layer, reduces the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the cookware, thus preventing food from burning due to localized overheating to a certain extent. The first microporous structure of the sprayed layer and the second microporous structure of the metal oxide layer effectively promote the spreading and solidification of oils, improve the uniformity of the oil film, and enhance the non-stick properties of the cookware.

[0141] In an optional embodiment, before forming the first microporous structure in the melt-blown layer, the method further includes:

[0142] Clean and polish the shaped pot body;

[0143] Cleaning and polishing the molded pot body can effectively smooth out the protruding parts in the metal oxide layer, improve the uniformity of the metal oxide layer thickness, and also help the adhesion of the melt spray layer. This facilitates the improvement of the uniformity of the melt spray layer preparation, achieves uniform heat conduction and corrosion resistance, and makes the performance of each area or part of the melt spray layer more similar.

[0144] The polishing of the molded pot body can also be achieved by mechanical polishing with sandpaper or sanding belt.

[0145] After the first microporous structure is formed in the melt-blown layer, the method further includes:

[0146] After rinsing the molded pot body with clean water at 70-90℃ for 4-6 minutes,

[0147] Ionized water is placed in the molding pot and the molding pot is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning for 4-10 minutes. Then, the melt-sprayed layer is heated at a temperature of 240-260℃.

[0148] For example, the temperature of the clean water can be 70℃, 71℃, 72℃, 73℃, 74℃, 75℃, 76℃, 77℃, 78℃, 79℃, 80℃, 81℃, 82℃, 83℃, 84℃, 85℃, 86℃, 87℃, 88℃, 89℃, or 90℃, etc.

[0149] The rinsing time with clean water can be 4 minutes, 5 minutes, or 6 minutes, etc.

[0150] Ultrasonic cleaning time can be 4 min, 5 min, 6 min, 7 min, 8 min, 9 min, or 10 min, etc.

[0151] The heat treatment temperature can be 240℃, 241℃, 242℃, 243℃, 244℃, 245℃, 246℃, 247℃, 248℃, 249℃, 250℃, 251℃, 252℃, 253℃, 254℃, 255℃, 256℃, 257℃, 258℃, 259℃, or 260℃, etc.

[0152] Among them, rinsing with clean water can initially remove the residual 3% oxalic acid aqueous solution, 0.5% (NH4)2SO4 solution and part of the electrolyte. The method of cleaning with deionized water combined with ultrasonic cleaning helps to remove the residual electrolyte. Heating treatment can enhance the stability of TiO2, thereby enhancing the stability of the first microporous structure.

[0153] In an optional embodiment, after forming the second microporous structure in the metal oxide layer, the method further includes:

[0154] Place deionized water into the molding pot and clean it with ultrasonic cleaning for 4-10 minutes, then dry it at a temperature of 90-130℃ for 18-22 minutes.

[0155] For example, the ultrasonic cleaning time can be 4 min, 5 min, 6 min, 7 min, 8 min, 9 min, or 10 min, etc.

[0156] The drying temperature can be 90℃, 91℃, 92℃, 93℃, 94℃, 95℃, 96℃, 97℃, 98℃, 99℃, 100℃, 101℃, 102℃, 103℃, 104℃, 105℃, 106℃, 107℃, 108℃, 109℃, 110℃, 111℃, 112℃, 113℃, 114℃, 115℃, 116℃, 117℃, 118℃, 119℃, 120℃, 121℃, 122℃, 123℃, 124℃, 125℃, 126℃, 127℃, 128℃, 129℃, or 130℃, etc.

[0157] The drying time can be 18 min, 19 min, 20 min, 21 min or 22 min, etc.

[0158] The method of using deionized water combined with ultrasonic cleaning helps to remove residual iron citrate, while drying helps to prevent the collapse of the second microporous structure and enhances its stability.

[0159] In an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple coating and drying processes of edible oils are performed on the inner surface of the forming pot to form a multi-layered oil film, including:

[0160] S401, the first layer of edible oil is coated on the inner surface layer of the molding pot with a first coating amount, so that the edible oil penetrates into the melt spray layer and the metal oxide layer, and is dried at a first drying temperature and a first time, so that the edible oil solidifies in the second microporous structure to form a first oil film layer.

[0161] S402, after the molded pot body has cooled down, a second layer of edible oil is applied on the basis of the first oil film layer with a second coating amount, and then dried at a second drying temperature and a second time to form a second oil film layer.

[0162] S403 After the molded pot body has cooled down, a third layer of edible oil is applied on the basis of the second oil film layer with a third coating amount, and then dried at a third drying temperature and a third time to form a third oil film layer.

[0163] Wherein, the first coating amount is not less than the second coating amount, and the second coating amount is not less than the third coating amount;

[0164] The first drying temperature shall not be lower than the second drying temperature, and the second drying temperature shall not be lower than the third drying temperature;

[0165] The first drying time shall not be less than the second drying time, and the second drying time shall not be less than the third drying time;

[0166] The thickness of the first oil film layer is no greater than the thickness of the second oil film layer, and the thickness of the second oil film layer is no greater than the thickness of the third oil film layer.

[0167] The cooling temperature of the first molded pot body can be 55-85℃.

[0168] For example, the cooling temperature of the second / third coating molding pot can be 55℃, 56℃, 57℃, 58℃, 59℃, 60℃, 61℃, 62℃, 63℃, 64℃, 65℃, 66℃, 67℃, 68℃, 69℃, 70℃, 71℃, 72℃, 73℃, 74℃, 75℃, 76℃, 77℃, 78℃, 79℃, 80℃, 81℃, 82℃, 83℃, 84℃, or 85℃, etc.

[0169] The cooling temperature can be room temperature, such as 20-25℃, or 20℃, 21℃, 22℃, 23℃, 24℃ or 25℃, etc.

[0170] As further exemplarily, in some embodiments of this application, the first drying time can be between 3.5 and 5.5 minutes, the second drying time can be between 2.5 and 4.5 minutes, and the third drying time can be between 1.5 and 3.5 minutes; the first drying temperature can be no higher than 300°C, the second drying temperature can be no higher than 290°C, and the third drying temperature can be no higher than 280°C; the first coating amount can be between 0.25 and 0.6 g / dm, the second coating amount can be between 0.15 and 0.35 g / dm, and the third coating amount can be between 0.05 and 0.25 g / dm.

[0171] When applying the coating, the coating time, coating amount, and drying time can be selected within the above range, but the following principles must be followed: the first drying time should not be less than the second drying time, the second drying time should not be less than the third drying time; the first drying temperature should not be lower than the second drying temperature, the second drying temperature should not be lower than the third drying temperature; and the first coating amount should not be less than the second coating amount, the second coating amount should not be less than the third coating amount.

[0172] Understandably, higher temperatures lead to more vigorous movement of oil molecules in edible oils, increasing their fluidity and making it easier for them to penetrate deeper pores. Therefore, the preparation of the first, second, and third oil film layers involves setting the temperature, unit coating amount, and drying temperature to decrease in a gradient manner. This achieves differences in the penetration depth and thickness of different oil film layers. The combination of multiple coatings and multiple drying processes ultimately forms a cross-linked structure of three oil film layers, improving the wear resistance of the inner layer and surface of the cookware. Even if the outer oil film layer is damaged, it still maintains non-stick properties in the melt-blown layer and metal oxide layer, thus extending the service life and non-stick performance of the cookware.

[0173] By replacing traditional Teflon coatings with metal oxide layers, sprayed layers, and oil film layers, the release of harmful substances such as PFAS (perfluorinated compounds) is avoided, which is in line with the trend of environmental protection. Moreover, the surface of the oil film layer has strong anti-fouling properties, and cleaning only requires wiping with hot water, which has a good anti-rust effect.

[0174] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the metal oxide layer is 5-15 μm, the thickness of the sprayed layer is 20-30 μm, the thickness of the first oil film layer is 0.5-1 μm, the thickness of the second oil film layer is 1-2 μm, and the thickness of the third oil film layer is 2-3 μm.

[0175] Optionally, the thickness of the metal oxide layer can be 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 6.5 μm, 7 μm, 7.5 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm, 10 μm, 10.5 μm, 11 μm, 11.5 μm, 12 μm, 12.5 μm, 13 μm, 13.5 μm, 14 μm, 14.5 μm, or 15 μm, etc.

[0176] The thickness of the molten layer can be 20μm, 20.5μm, 21μm, 21.5μm, 22μm, 22.5μm, 23μm, 23.5μm, 24μm, 24.5μm, 25μm, 25.5μm, 26μm, 26.5μm, 27μm, 27.5μm, 28μm, 28.5μm, 29μm, 29.5μm, or 30μm, etc.

[0177] The thickness of the first oil film layer can be 0.5μm, 0.6μm, 0.7μm, 0.8μm, 0.9μm or 1μm, etc.

[0178] The thickness of the second oil film layer can be 1μm, 1.1μm, 1.2μm, 1.3μm, 1.4μm, 1.5μm, 1.6μm, 1.7μm, 1.8μm, 1.9μm or 2μm, etc.

[0179] The thickness of the third oil film layer can be 2μm, 2.1μm, 2.2μm, 2.3μm, 2.4μm, 2.5μm, 2.6μm, 2.7μm, 2.8μm, 2.9μm or 3μm, etc.

[0180] The metal oxide layer has a thickness of 5-15 μm, which helps prevent acidic foods from corroding the cookware substrate while avoiding excessive thickness that could increase brittleness and prevent thermal shock cracking. The melt-sprayed layer has a thickness of 20-30 μm, which effectively maintains the barrier against acidic media (citric acid, acetic acid) and avoids compatibility with the thermal expansion coefficient of the cookware substrate, achieving a good fixing effect.

[0181] The first oil film layer has a thickness of 0.5-1μm and can fill the first microporous structure of the melt-blown layer and the second microporous structure of the metal oxide layer, blocking water and oxygen penetration; the second oil film layer has a thickness of 1-2μm and forms a thermally stable barrier, which can withstand high temperatures and prevent carbonization; the third oil film layer has a thickness of 2-3μm and reduces surface energy to prevent food from sticking together.

[0182] The progressively thicker first, second, and third oil film layers prevent poor flowability or cracking caused by excessive thickness of a single layer, and the overall thickness of less than 6μm effectively ensures heat transfer efficiency.

[0183] This application also provides a multi-layer non-stick cookware, which is manufactured using any of the aforementioned methods for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware, as detailed in the following reference. Figures 3 to 5 As shown, it includes a cookware substrate layer, a metal oxide layer, a melt spray layer, and an oil film layer.

[0184] Key performance tests were conducted on a multi-layer non-stick cookware provided in this application. The test results are compared in Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4.

[0185] 1. Anti-sticking test (GB / T 32388-2015 5.4.2)

[0186] Test method: Use a 30cm diameter iron pan to fry eggs (50g of egg liquid) at 200℃ oil temperature. Repeat the frying 50 times and observe the degree of sticking to the bottom (1-5, level 1 no sticking, level 5 severe sticking).

[0187] The test results are shown in the table below:

[0188] Table 1

[0189]

[0190] The national standard requires that the sticking level of qualified fried eggs be ≤3. This application still meets the national standard after 300 tests, and its anti-stick life is more than 3 times longer than that of traditional processes.

[0191] Therefore, it is evident that the multi-layered oil film design in this application's multi-layered non-stick cookware involves three layers of oil films that are dried through gradient temperatures, allowing oil molecules to penetrate layer by layer into the melt-blown layer and the oxide layer, forming a three-level non-stick structure of "surface oil film - melt-blown layer oil storage - oxide layer oil consolidation". When the surface oil film wears down, the lower oil storage layer can slowly replenish the surface, maintaining the non-stick performance and significantly improving the lifespan and effectiveness of the cookware's non-stick function.

[0192] 2. Abrasion resistance test (QB / T 2421-1998 5.4)

[0193] Test method: Use a No. 00 steel wool ball to apply a pressure of 20N and rub the coating surface back and forth. Record the number of times the coating shows visible damage.

[0194] The test results are shown in the table below:

[0195] Table 2

[0196]

[0197] Compared with national standards: the wear resistance standard for Teflon coating is ≥200 times. The wear resistance of this application reaches 6 times that of the national standard, and it can still maintain the basic anti-stick function after damage.

[0198] Key function: The hardness of the electroplated layer (containing 30%-40% titanium and 25%-30% chromium) is higher than that of the oxide layer of traditional iron pots (HV 500-600). After the oil film penetrates, it forms a composite wear-resistant structure of "metal base - titanium electroplated layer - organic oil film". When the steel wool is rubbed, the oil film layer absorbs mechanical stress and reduces direct damage to the electroplated layer.

[0199] Therefore, it can be seen that in the multi-layer non-stick cookware of this application, the metal oxide layer, the fusion spray layer and the oil film layer work together synergistically. The fusion spray layer (containing 30%-40% titanium and 25-30% chromium) itself has a hardness (HV 800-1000) that is higher than that of the oxide layer of traditional iron pots (HV 500-600). After the oil film penetrates, it forms a composite wear-resistant structure of "metal base - titanium fusion spray layer - organic oil film". When the steel wool is rubbed, the oil film layer absorbs mechanical stress, reduces direct damage to the fusion spray layer, and significantly improves the wear resistance of the cookware.

[0200] 3. Corrosion resistance test (GB / T 32388-2015 5.4.3)

[0201] Test method: Immerse the pot body in a 5% citric acid solution (simulating acidic food) for 24 hours and measure the coating weight loss rate (%).

[0202] The test results are shown in the table below:

[0203] Table 3

[0204] Corrosive media This application has a three-layer oil film. Traditional single-layer oil film Teflon-coated cookware Weight loss rate (%) 0.35±0.02 1.2±0.1 0.8±0.05

[0205] The national standard requires a weight loss rate of ≤1.5%. This application reduces the weight loss due to corrosion by 70.8% compared to traditional processes, which is superior to Teflon coatings.

[0206] Therefore, it can be seen that in the multi-layer non-stick cookware of this application, the chromium element in the sprayed layer forms a dense chromium oxide protective layer, which blocks the corrosion of the iron substrate by acidic media. The oil film layer further seals the first micropore of the sprayed layer, forming a dual anti-corrosion structure of "physical barrier + chemical passivation". Citric acid solution has difficulty penetrating into the metal substrate, which significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the multi-layer non-stick cookware of this application.

[0207] 4. Performance Comparison Summary with Existing Technologies

[0208] The conclusions are shown in the table below:

[0209] Table 4

[0210]

[0211] It is evident that the multi-layer non-stick cookware prepared in this application has significantly improved in terms of non-stick life, wear resistance, acid corrosion resistance, and high-temperature stability.

[0212] This application provides a method for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware and the multi-layer non-stick cookware itself. The method for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware forms a multi-layer cross-linked structure of a metal oxide layer, a melt spray layer, and an oil film layer on the surface of the molded pot body, which effectively enhances the wear resistance and high temperature resistance of the cookware and extends the service life of the non-stick effect.

[0213] Among them, the metal oxide layer and the sprayed layer enhance the density and hardness of the cookware. The sprayed layer and the oil film layer work together to give full play to the high hardness of the metal and the function of the organic coating in buffering mechanical stress and chemical corrosion. Furthermore, through the gradient penetration of the oil film, a multi-layer oil film is formed to achieve long-term non-sticking. At the same time, the combination with the microporous structure of the sprayed layer and the oxide layer constructs an organic and inorganic cross-linked protection system, which further significantly improves the non-sticking, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cookware.

[0214] In addition, using edible oils to prepare the oil film layer avoids the risk of high-temperature decomposition of chemical coatings, thus improving the safety of cookware.

[0215] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the implementation scenario can be distributed within the apparatus of the implementation scenario as described, or they can be located in one or more apparatuses different from this implementation scenario with corresponding changes. The modules of the above-described implementation scenario can be combined into one module, or they can be further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0216] The serial numbers in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the implementation scenario.

[0217] The above disclosures are only a few specific implementation scenarios of this application. However, this application is not limited to these. Any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware, characterized in that, The method includes: The molded pot body is subjected to high-temperature oxidation treatment, so that at least a portion of the metal material on the surface of the molded pot body is oxidized to form a metal oxide layer. The spray powder is deposited onto the surface of the metal oxide layer by spraying to obtain the spray layer; A first microporous structure is formed in the melt-blown layer, and a second microporous structure is formed in the metal oxide layer; After the molded pot body is cooled to a preset temperature, multiple coating and drying operations of edible oil are performed on the inner surface of the molded pot body to form a multi-layer oil film layer, and at least one layer of the oil film layer penetrates and solidifies in the second microporous structure.

2. The method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature oxidation treatment of the molded pot body specifically includes: The molded pot body is initially polished, then inverted into a heating device and steam is introduced to heat it at a temperature of 950-1050℃ for 15-30 minutes.

3. The method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of depositing the spray powder onto the surface of the metal oxide layer by spraying to obtain the sprayed layer includes: Plasma spraying is used to introduce an inert gas and molten powder is deposited onto the metal oxide layer to obtain a sprayed layer that is tightly bonded to the metal oxide layer. Among them, the power setting of plasma spraying is 60-75kW, the temperature setting is 1800-2100℃, the powder feeding rate setting is 2-5g / min, and the melting distance setting is 80-120mm. The particle size of the spray powder is between 40-110 μm, and the composition of the spray powder by mass percentage is: titanium: 30%-40%, chromium: 25%-30%, with the balance being impurities.

4. The method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first microporous structure is prepared in the molten layer using an electrolyte, and the second microporous structure is prepared in the metal oxide layer using an acidic solution.

5. The method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preparation of the first microporous structure in the molten layer using an electrolyte includes: Add 3% oxalic acid aqueous solution and 0.5% (NH4)2SO4 solution to the molding pot body, and react for 8-12 minutes under an electric environment to form a fluorine-free electrolyte. The fluorine-free electrolyte forms the first microporous structure with a pore size of 2-5 μm in the melt spraying layer. The preparation of the second microporous structure in the metal oxide layer using an acidic solution includes: A 10% citric acid solution is added to the molding pot and heated to 40-60°C, so that the 10% citric acid solution reacts with the metal oxide layer through the first microporous structure. After stirring slightly and reacting for 1-1.5 hours, a second microporous structure with a pore size of 2-3 μm is formed in the metal oxide layer.

6. The method for manufacturing a multi-layer non-stick cookware according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before forming the first microporous structure in the melt-blown layer, the method further includes: The molded pot body is cleaned and polished; After the first microporous structure is formed in the melt-blown layer, the method further includes: After rinsing the molding pot body with clean water at 70-90℃ for 4-6 minutes, place deionized water into the molding pot body and clean it with ultrasonic cleaning for 4-10 minutes. Then, heat-treat the melt-sprayed layer at a temperature of 240-260℃.

7. The method for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware according to claim 5, characterized in that, After forming a second microporous structure in the metal oxide layer, the method further includes: Ionized water is placed into the molding pot body, and the molding pot body is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning for 4-10 minutes, and then dried at a temperature of 90-130℃ for 18-22 minutes.

8. The method for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of repeatedly coating and drying edible oils on the inner surface of the molding pot to form a multi-layered oil film includes: The edible oil is coated with a first layer of the inner surface layer of the molding pot with a first coating amount, so that the edible oil penetrates the melt spray layer and the metal oxide layer, and is dried at a first drying temperature and a first time, so that the edible oil solidifies in the second microporous structure to form a first oil film layer. After the molded pot body has cooled down, a second layer of the edible oil is coated on the first oil film layer with a second coating amount, and then dried at a second drying temperature and a second time to form a second oil film layer. After the molded pot body has cooled down, a third layer of the edible oil is coated on the second oil film layer with a third coating amount, and then dried at a third drying temperature and a third time to form a third oil film layer. Wherein, the first coating amount is not less than the second coating amount, and the second coating amount is not less than the third coating amount; The first drying temperature is not lower than the second drying temperature, and the second drying temperature is not lower than the third drying temperature; The first drying time is not less than the second drying time, and the second drying time is not less than the third drying time; The thickness of the first oil film layer is not greater than the thickness of the second oil film layer, and the thickness of the second oil film layer is not greater than the thickness of the third oil film layer.

9. The method for manufacturing multi-layer non-stick cookware according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness of the metal oxide layer is 5-15 μm, the thickness of the sprayed layer is 20-30 μm, the thickness of the first oil film layer is 0.5-1 μm, the thickness of the second oil film layer is 1-2 μm, and the thickness of the third oil film layer is 2-3 μm.

10. A multi-layer non-stick cookware, characterized in that, The multi-layer non-stick cookware is manufactured using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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