Scrap crusher for rock wool leftover materials and working method

Abstract

The invention discloses an edge crusher for rock wool leftover materials and a working method. The edge crusher comprises a rack, a working cavity is formed in the rack, a material screening plate is arranged in the working cavity, and the working cavity is divided into a crushing cavity and a fiber collecting cavity through the material screening plate; a crushing wheel and a toothed plate are arranged in the crushing cavity, a plurality of groups of composite tool bits are arranged on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel, and each group of composite tool bits are obliquely distributed on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel in the axial direction; the toothed plate is horizontally arranged, one side of the toothed plate is of a comb-shaped structure, the comb-shaped structure is arranged opposite to the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel, and the shape of the comb-shaped structure corresponds to the arrangement of each group of composite tool bits; according to the rock wool leftover material recycling device, rock wool leftover materials can be crushed, screened and recycled; in the crushing cavity, large rock wool leftover materials can be efficiently and uniformly pre-cut into strips or blocks which are easy to process, and then the rock wool leftover materials are crushed into fibers with the length of composite sieve plate holes under the hammering action of the composite tool bit, so that the length of the crushed fibers is more controllable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock wool production technology, specifically to a rock wool scrap trimming machine and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] During the production of rock wool products such as rock wool boards and pipes, a large amount of rock wool scraps are generated. To achieve resource recycling, these scraps need to be crushed and then added back to the upstream processes. These include: adding them directly to the cotton collecting machine for molding, adding them to an electric furnace for melting, or adding auxiliary materials to make rock wool bricks and then melting them in a cupola furnace. The three different upstream processes have different requirements for fiber length when adding rock wool scraps.

[0003] Existing edge-crushing equipment suffers from the following technical defects during use: 1. Uncontrollable fiber length: Shear crushers rely on the meshing of toothed rollers for high shearing precision, but crushing smaller fiber lengths is difficult. Hammer mills primarily rely on high-speed rotating hammers impacting the material, and are equipped with screens to filter fiber length, offering strong control over the upper limit of fiber length. However, the randomness of the fracture points caused by impact makes it easy to generate excessively small fiber powder, failing to meet certain process requirements. 2. Rapid wear of hammers or cutters, and rapid wear on the walls of the crushing chamber, leading to leakage points: Rock wool edge-crushed material contains trace amounts of molten impurities (such as metal oxides), causing rapid wear on the hammers or cutters of the crusher. Hammers or cutters are often made of high-hardness materials such as cemented carbide, resulting in high prices and maintenance costs. The metal oxides in rock wool easily wear down the walls of the crushing chamber during the crushing process (especially in high-speed hammer mills), creating leakage points and causing fiber leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a rock wool scrap trimming machine and its working method, which has the advantages of controllable fiber length, low maintenance cost, good wear resistance, stable operation and environmental protection.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect of the present invention, a rock wool scrap crusher is provided, comprising a frame, a working chamber provided in the frame, a screening plate provided in the working chamber, the screening plate dividing the working chamber into a crushing chamber and a fiber collecting chamber, the crushing chamber being located above the fiber collecting chamber, the crushing chamber being connected to the feed inlet, and the fiber collecting chamber being connected to the discharge outlet. The crushing chamber is equipped with a crushing wheel and a toothed plate. Multiple sets of composite cutters are arranged on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel. Each set of composite cutters is axially inclined on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel. The toothed plate is horizontally arranged and one side of the toothed plate has a comb-like structure. The comb-like structure is arranged opposite to the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel, and the shape of the comb-like structure corresponds to the arrangement of each set of composite cutters.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the screen plate is located below the crushing wheel and is generally arc-shaped, and the screen plate has screen holes evenly distributed.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the composite cutter head includes a bottom base and a top cutter head, wherein the bottom base is a cuboid structure and the top cutter head is a frustum structure with four cutting edges. In some embodiments of the present invention, a threaded hole is provided at the center of the bottom base and the top blade, and the composite blade head is fixed to the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel by an internal hexagon screw.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner walls of the crushing chamber and the fiber collecting chamber are covered with sound-insulating cotton, and the surface of the sound-insulating cotton is covered with a wear-resistant plate.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multiple sets of composite cutter heads are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the crushing wheel is connected to the power mechanism via a V-belt.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the discharge port is connected to the blower via a flange.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fiber collection cavity has a V-shaped structure.

[0013] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for operating a rock wool scrap trimming machine is provided, comprising the following steps: Rock wool scraps are fed in through the inlet and first pass through the area between the toothed plate and the composite cutter head on the crushing wheel. The composite cutter head and the toothed plate form a shearing action to cut the rock wool scraps. The pre-cut rock wool blocks fall into the gap between the crushing wheel and the screen plate. The matrix of the composite cutter head impacts and grinds the rock wool blocks, further crushing them until the fiber size is smaller than the aperture of the screen plate. Qualified fibers passing through the sieve plate fall into the fiber collection chamber below and are discharged through the discharge port.

[0014] One or more technical solutions of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: (1) The rock wool scrap crusher provided by the present invention divides the working chamber into an upper crushing chamber and a lower fiber collecting chamber, and sets a screen plate as a separator, which can realize the crushing, screening and recycling of rock wool scrap. In the crushing chamber, a comb-like structure of composite cutter head group and toothed plate is adopted, which can efficiently and uniformly pre-cut large pieces of rock wool scrap into strips or blocks that are easy to process, and then use the hammering action of composite cutter head to crush into fibers of composite screen plate hole length, so that the fiber length after crushing is more controllable.

[0015] (2) The composite cutter head of the present invention, compared with the hammer head of a conventional hammer mill, has a cutter head with a certain angle welded to its top. The cutting action of the cutter head can make the point of action of the hammer body more concentrated, avoiding the generation of excessively fine rock wool powder when simply hammering. At the same time, it is used in conjunction with the screen plate to control the upper limit of fiber length, making the length of the crushed fiber more controllable. The composite cutter head is designed to be symmetrical on all four sides, so that the working edge of the cutter head can be replaced by changing the installation direction, thereby increasing the service life of the cutter head.

[0016] (3) In this invention, the entire crushing chamber and fiber collecting chamber, except for the inlet and outlet, are covered 360 degrees with a layer of high-strength wear-resistant steel plate. Its high hardness greatly reduces the wear rate of rock wool powder on the crushing chamber and fiber collecting chamber. At the same time, the high-density open-pore polyurethane sound insulation board sandwiched on the outer layer of the wear-resistant plate also has a certain buffering effect on the impact of rock wool, further reducing the wear rate, improving the overall service life of the equipment, and preventing the problem of frequent leakage points in the edge crusher causing dust leakage during operation. In addition, the sound insulation cotton can also greatly reduce the noise generated during the operation of the equipment.

[0017] (4) This invention uses a V-belt to transmit power. The belt's inherent toughness can absorb some of the vibration of the crushing wheel, thus protecting the motor. Furthermore, the 5-10 sets of composite cutters installed on the crushing wheel are evenly arranged along the circumference of the wheel. This design ensures that only one cutter is active at a time when the composite cutter and the toothed plate are engaged in cutting. This makes the edge crusher's action on rock wool waste more concentrated, reducing the likelihood of material jamming. Simultaneously, it avoids the situation where uneven cutter arrangement results in long periods of no-load intervals and large load differences in the edge crusher. Therefore, the edge crusher operates more smoothly with less vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rock wool scrap trimming machine of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing wheel and toothed plate of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the composite cutter head of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the crushing wheel of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Crushing wheel; 3. Screen plate; 4. Toothed plate; 5. Wear-resistant plate; 6. Feed inlet; 7. Sound insulation cotton; 8. Power mechanism; 9. Composite blade; 901. Matrix; 902. Blade; 10. Working chamber; 101. Crushing chamber; 102. Fiber collection chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0021] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0022] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a rock wool scrap trimming machine is provided, such as... Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the machine includes a frame 1, a working chamber 10 is provided inside the frame 1, a screening plate 3 is provided inside the working chamber 10, the screening plate 3 divides the working chamber 10 into a crushing chamber 101 and a fiber collecting chamber 102, the crushing chamber 101 is located above the fiber collecting chamber 102, the crushing chamber 101 is connected to the feed inlet 6, and the fiber collecting chamber 102 is connected to the discharge outlet; The crushing chamber 101 is provided with a crushing wheel 2 and a toothed plate. Multiple sets of composite cutters are provided on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel 2. Each set of composite cutters is distributed axially on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel 2. The toothed plate is horizontally arranged and one side of the toothed plate has a comb-like structure. The comb-like structure is arranged opposite to the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel 2. The shape of the comb-like structure corresponds to the arrangement of each set of composite cutters.

[0023] The aforementioned rock wool scrap crusher divides the working chamber 10 into an upper crushing chamber 101 and a lower fiber collecting chamber 102, and sets up a screen plate 3 as a separator, which can realize the crushing, screening and recycling of rock wool scraps. In the crushing chamber 101, a comb-like structure of composite cutter head assembly and toothed plate is adopted, which can efficiently and uniformly pre-cut large pieces of rock wool scraps into easy-to-process strips or blocks, fundamentally solving the problems of easy material jamming and uneven feeding of traditional equipment, and laying a good foundation for subsequent fine crushing.

[0024] The shape of the working cavity 10 inside the frame 1 is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the fiber collecting chamber 102 has a V-shaped structure, which forms a natural and smooth material collection and guiding channel. Its inclined sidewalls allow the fibers falling into the fiber collecting chamber 102 to slide naturally towards the discharge port located at the bottom of the V-shape under the combined action of their own gravity and external suction, effectively avoiding the accumulation and retention of fibers at the flat bottom or corners of the chamber, ensuring that all qualified products can be thoroughly and efficiently recycled. The frame 1 can be welded from Q235 steel plate, with pre-reserved mounting holes for bearings and a working chamber. The chamber has a pre-reserved flange for the rock wool powder discharge port, which connects to a blower to transport the pulverized rock wool powder to a designated location.

[0025] In this embodiment, the crushing wheel 2 consists of a wheel body and composite cutter heads. The wheel body comprises a wheel surface and a base. The base is made of Q235 steel, and the wheel surface is made of high-strength alloy structural steel (Britll hardness HBW 280-320). The wheel surface and the base are welded together to form a single unit. The composite cutter heads are fixed to the wheel body using hexagonal head screws. Multiple composite cutter heads are arranged as a group along a spiral line on the surface of the wheel body, and all composite cutter heads are evenly arranged along the circumference of the wheel body.

[0026] In this embodiment, the screen plate 3 is located below the crushing wheel 2 and is arc-shaped in general. Screen holes are evenly distributed on the screen plate 3.

[0027] Understandably, as the crushing wheel 2 rotates, the material is uniformly pressed against the inner surface of the screen plate under centrifugal force. The arc-shaped screen plate ensures a consistent distribution of mechanical force across the entire contact surface, preventing localized wear and uneven screening. This ensures that all fibers undergo the same rigorous size screening before entering the fiber collection chamber 102, thereby guaranteeing a high degree of consistency in the length of the produced fibers. Furthermore, the uniformly distributed screen holes ensure uniform discharge, preventing fiber accumulation in the fiber collection chamber 102 and facilitating the smooth airflow to transport the finished fibers, thus improving the stability of the entire system and enabling precise control of the upper limit of fiber length. The screen hole diameter of the screen plate 3 can be 5-30mm, and the diameter can be adjusted (5-30mm) by replacing the screen plate 3 to meet different recycling conditions of the broken cotton fibers.

[0028] Furthermore, the distance between the crushing wheel 2 and the screen plate 3 is designed to be similar to the corresponding screen aperture diameter. Rock wool fragments between the crushing wheel 2 and the screen plate 3 are gathered on the inner side of the screen plate 3 under the centrifugal force of the crushing wheel 2. When the fiber length is too long, the rock wool fragments are higher than the composite cutter head. Under the rotation of the crushing wheel 2, the excess portion can be cut by the crushing wheel 2, thus controlling the fiber size. Simultaneously, the hammering action of the composite cutter head matrix also has a certain effect on fiber crushing. The crushed cotton fibers that reach the mesh aperture size of the screen plate 3 are transported out through the fiber collection chamber 102 under the suction of the external fan and the centrifugal force of the crushing chamber 101, thus completing the edge-crushing process.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the composite cutter head includes a bottom base 901 and a top cutter head 902. The bottom base has a cuboid structure, and the top cutter head has a frustum structure with four cutting edges. Furthermore, threaded holes are provided at the center of the bottom base and the top cutter head, and the composite cutter head is fixed to the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel 2 by hexagonal socket head cap screws.

[0030] Specifically, the base material is low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant structural steel. This material can resist long-term friction and wear from rock wool fibers and withstand the moderate impact of falling debris. It requires no secondary heat treatment and is easy to install. The cutter head is designed with a certain angle (70-85 degrees) and is made of tungsten-cobalt cemented carbide, which has extremely strong wear resistance, reducing the wear rate. Simultaneously, the composite cutter head is designed to be four-sided symmetrical, ensuring that all four edges are usable. During use, even if one edge is severely worn, the working edge can be replaced by changing the installation direction, increasing the service life of the same hammer head by four times. The composite cutter head uses a modular installation method, fixed to the crushing wheel 2 with hexagonal screws for easy replacement.

[0031] In this embodiment, the inner walls of the crushing chamber 101 and the fiber collecting chamber 102 are covered with sound-insulating cotton 7, and the surface of the sound-insulating cotton 7 is covered with a wear-resistant plate 5.

[0032] Specifically, the wear-resistant plate 5 is installed around the crushing chamber 101 and the fiber collecting chamber 102, and is made of a high-strength wear-resistant steel plate with a thickness of 8-16mm. As the rock wool powder moves within the chamber under the airflow of the crushing wheel 2 and the fiber collecting fan, it reduces the wear on the chamber walls. Between the wear-resistant plate 5 and the mounting plate of the frame 1, a layer of high-density open-pore polyurethane sound-absorbing cotton 7 is attached. This sound-absorbing cotton 7 maintains good sound insulation and noise reduction effects despite its relatively thin thickness. Furthermore, except for the feed inlet 6 and the discharge outlet, the sound-absorbing cotton 7 forms a 360-degree wrap around the crushing chamber 101 and the fiber collecting chamber 102, ensuring that the operating noise of the edge crusher is maintained below the national standard of 80dB.

[0033] In this embodiment, the multiple sets of composite cutter heads are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel 2.

[0034] Specifically, 5-10 sets of composite cutter heads are evenly arranged along the circumference of the wheel. Under the rotation of the crushing wheel 2, they sequentially cut the rock wool, resulting in a more even load and smoother equipment operation.

[0035] In this embodiment, the crushing wheel 2 is connected to the power mechanism 8 via a V-belt. The belt's inherent toughness can absorb some of the vibration of the crushing wheel 2, thereby protecting the motor.

[0036] In this embodiment, the toothed plate is installed on the frame 1 near the feed inlet 6. It is made of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant structural steel and works in conjunction with the composite cutter head to shear rock wool waste edges. The comb-like structure of the toothed plate matches the installation dimensions of the composite cutter head of the crushing wheel 2. When rock wool waste edges are input, it can create a biting effect, cutting the waste edges into small pieces that are swallowed into the gap between the crushing wheel 2 and the screen plate 3 at the bottom of the crushing chamber 101. Figure 3 As shown, each set of composite blades 9 on the crushing wheel 2 is staggered in the axial direction, and adjacent composite blades 9 in each set are set to different heights so that they can correspond one-to-one with the comb-like structure on the toothed plate.

[0037] In this embodiment, the discharge port is connected to the blower via a flange, and the blower acts as a conveying device to the designated location.

[0038] The working process of the rock wool scrap trimming machine provided in this embodiment is as follows: 1. Pre-cutting and feeding: Rock wool waste is fed in through inlet 6 and first passes through the area between the toothed plate and the composite cutter head on the crushing wheel 2. The high-speed rotating crushing wheel 2 drives the composite cutter head, whose sharp beveled cutter head and fixed toothed plate form a shearing action, cutting large pieces of rock wool waste into smaller pieces like scissors, initially controlling fiber size and preventing material jamming.

[0039] 2. Grinding and crushing: The pre-cut rock wool blocks fall into the gap between the crushing wheel 2 and the arc-shaped screen plate 3. The high-speed rotation of the crushing wheel 2 generates centrifugal force, causing the rock wool fragments to adhere tightly to the inner side of the screen plate 3. The composite cutter head has two key functions: first, a cutting action, where the sharp edge of the cutter head performs controlled shearing of the fibers, avoiding excessive powder generation from random impacts; second, a hammering action, where the base part of the cutter head also impacts and grinds the fibers, further breaking them down. This process continues until the fiber size is smaller than the aperture of the screen plate 3.

[0040] 3. Filtering and length control: The screen plate 3 controls the length of the fibers. Only fibers that are short enough and smaller than the aperture of the screen plate are allowed to pass through. Fibers that do not meet the size requirements will remain in the crushing chamber 101 and be cut and hammered again by the composite cutter head until they can pass through the screen. Changing the screen plate with different aperture (5-30mm) is the key to controlling the upper limit of fiber length.

[0041] 4. Negative pressure collection and output: Qualified fibers passing through the sieve plate fall into the fiber collecting chamber 102 below. The discharge port is connected to an external fan via a flange, creating a negative pressure airflow inside the chamber. The airflow assists the fibers in passing through the sieve plate and simultaneously draws away the crushed fibers, transporting them through pipelines to a designated location (such as a cotton collector or furnace), thus completing the entire crushing and recycling process.

[0042] Example 2 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a method for operating a rock wool scrap trimming machine is provided, comprising the following steps: Rock wool scraps are fed in through the inlet and first pass through the area between the toothed plate and the composite cutter head on the crushing wheel. The composite cutter head and the toothed plate form a shearing action to cut the rock wool scraps. The pre-cut rock wool blocks fall into the gap between the crushing wheel and the screen plate. The matrix of the composite cutter head impacts and grinds the rock wool blocks, further crushing them until the fiber size is smaller than the aperture of the screen plate. Qualified fibers passing through the sieve plate fall into the fiber collection chamber below and are discharged through the discharge port.

[0043] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock wool scrap trimming machine, characterized in that, The device includes a frame, a working chamber is provided inside the frame, a screening plate is provided inside the working chamber, the screening plate divides the working chamber into a crushing chamber and a fiber collecting chamber, the crushing chamber is located above the fiber collecting chamber, the crushing chamber is connected to the feed inlet, and the fiber collecting chamber is connected to the discharge outlet. The crushing chamber is equipped with a crushing wheel and a toothed plate. Multiple sets of composite cutters are arranged on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel. Each set of composite cutters is axially inclined on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel. The toothed plate is horizontally arranged and one side of the toothed plate has a comb-like structure. The comb-like structure is arranged opposite to the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel, and the shape of the comb-like structure corresponds to the arrangement of each set of composite cutters.

2. The rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screen plate is located below the crushing wheel and is arc-shaped. Screen holes are evenly distributed on the screen plate.

3. The rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite cutter head includes a bottom base and a top cutter head. The bottom base has a cuboid structure, and the top cutter head has a frustum structure with four cutting edges.

4. The rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom base and the top blade are provided with threaded holes at their center, and the composite blade head is fixed to the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel by hexagonal screws.

5. The rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner walls of the crushing chamber and the fiber collecting chamber are covered with sound-insulating cotton, and the surface of the sound-insulating cotton is covered with a wear-resistant plate.

6. The rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple sets of composite cutter heads are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the circumferential surface of the crushing wheel.

7. The rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing wheel is connected to the power mechanism via a V-belt.

8. The rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge port is connected to the blower via a flange.

9. The rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber receiving cavity has a V-shaped structure.

10. A method for operating a rock wool scrap trimming machine as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Rock wool scraps are fed in through the inlet and first pass through the area between the toothed plate and the composite cutter head on the crushing wheel. The composite cutter head and the toothed plate form a shearing action to cut the rock wool scraps. The pre-cut rock wool blocks fall into the gap between the crushing wheel and the screen plate. The matrix of the composite cutter head impacts and grinds the rock wool blocks, further crushing them until the fiber size is smaller than the aperture of the screen plate. Qualified fibers passing through the sieve plate fall into the fiber collection chamber below and are discharged through the discharge port.

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