Pretreatment sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and discloses pretreatment sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing, which comprises a first conveying mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a second conveying mechanism, an integration box and a screening mechanism which are connected in sequence, waste glass fibers to be treated are crushed and then fed into the integration box; the integration box is the core of the equipment, and a magnetic attraction mechanism and a winnowing mechanism are compactly integrated in the integration box; the materials fall down in the box by means of self gravity, and magnetic separation for removing ferromagnetic impurities and winnowing separation for removing light impurities are completed in sequence; finally, the treated materials are graded by a screening mechanism according to the size; the operation of the whole set of equipment is uniformly coordinated and controlled by the control cabinet. The magnetic suction mechanism and the winnowing mechanism are ingeniously integrated in the same integrated box and share the driving mechanism, the high compactness of the equipment structure is achieved, continuous sorting of materials in the box body is completed by means of gravity, and the process is remarkably shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment technology, specifically to a pretreatment and sorting device for waste glass fiber processing. Background Technology

[0002] Glass fiber, as a high-performance inorganic non-metallic material, is widely used in construction, transportation, electronics, and other fields. Its increasing production year by year has also generated a large amount of waste glass fiber and its products. Recycling and reusing this waste is an inevitable choice for saving resources and meeting the requirements of green development. In the recycling process, pre-treatment sorting is a crucial first step. Its core task is to crush the mixed waste materials and efficiently remove various impurities such as metals and paper scraps, ultimately obtaining clean and standardized glass fiber raw materials that meet the requirements of subsequent processes.

[0003] In existing technologies, modular equipment combinations are typically used to achieve this pretreatment objective. These production lines can connect crushing, magnetic separation, and air separation processes in series, utilizing mature, standardized individual equipment to process waste glass fibers. This approach effectively achieves the initial separation of most ferromagnetic impurities and lightweight debris from the waste, providing a feasible raw material acquisition route for subsequent recycling.

[0004] However, the problems exposed by this existing technical solution in practical application are also quite prominent. First, this split equipment layout, in which each process is completed by an independent piece of equipment and then connected by a conveyor belt, directly results in the huge area occupied by the entire production line. The long conveying distance between the equipment not only increases energy consumption, but also inevitably causes dust to escape and deteriorate the on-site working environment due to the falling and transfer of materials at multiple transfer points. Second, the stability of the screening process often becomes a weakness. To simplify their structure, many rotary drum screens are driven only at one end of the drum. When the drum is long, unilateral force can easily cause it to shake or even twist during operation, affecting screening efficiency and equipment lifespan. Furthermore, fine glass fiber debris can easily clog the screen holes, leading to a sharp decrease in processing efficiency over time and often requiring frequent shutdowns for manual cleaning. Finally, the automation and coordination capabilities of the entire system are severely lacking. Each equipment unit operates essentially independently, lacking effective linkage control logic. If downstream equipment stops for any reason, the upstream conveying and crushing equipment will not automatically stop and will continue to feed material. This can easily cause severe material accumulation at the point of failure, making cleaning difficult and potentially damaging the equipment due to overload, posing a significant safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a pretreatment and sorting device for waste glass fiber processing, which solves the problems of large footprint, complex structure, unstable operation and easy blockage of screening mechanism, lack of linkage control and low level of automation caused by the dispersed layout of existing equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pretreatment and sorting device for waste glass fiber processing, comprising: The first conveying mechanism is used to convey waste glass fibers to be processed; A crushing mechanism, located at the end of the first conveying mechanism, is used to receive and crush waste glass fibers to form crushed material; The second conveying mechanism is located below the crushing mechanism. The second conveying mechanism has the same structure as the first conveying mechanism and is used to receive and convey crushed materials. An integrated box, located at the end of the second conveying mechanism, is used to receive crushed materials; A magnetic attraction mechanism is installed inside the integrated box to perform magnetic separation on the crushed material entering the integrated box, remove ferromagnetic impurities and form primary sorted material; The air separation mechanism is installed inside the integrated box and located below the magnetic attraction mechanism. It is used to separate the primary sorted materials by air separation, remove light impurities, and form secondary sorted materials. The screening mechanism is used to receive secondary sorted materials and screen them into finished products according to their size. The control cabinet is electrically connected to the first conveying mechanism, the crushing mechanism, the second conveying mechanism, the magnetic attraction mechanism, the air separation mechanism, and the screening mechanism, respectively, and is used to control the operation of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, the first conveying mechanism includes a mounting frame, a leak-proof block is fixedly connected to the front end of the mounting frame, a conveyor belt body is installed inside the mounting frame, a plurality of equally spaced baffles are provided on the outside of the conveyor belt body, and a servo motor is installed on the outside of the mounting frame.

[0008] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes a mounting box, an auxiliary crushing block is provided inside the mounting box, a reduction motor is provided on the lower side of the mounting box, a drive gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the reduction motor, a driven gear is rotatably connected to the outside of the mounting box, the outside of the drive gear is meshed with the outside of the driven gear, a crushing roller is fixedly connected to the inside of the drive gear, a crushing roller is fixedly connected to the inside of the driven gear, the outside of the crushing roller is meshed with the outside of the crushing roller, and a feed plate is fixedly connected to the inner bottom side of the mounting box.

[0009] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner bottom side of the integrated box, and a driving mechanism is provided on the outside of the integrated box. The driving mechanism includes a drive motor, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the integrated box. A pulley one is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, and a pulley two is rotatably connected to the lower outside of the integrated box. The outside of the pulley one and the outside of the pulley two are connected by a belt.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic attraction mechanism includes a sleeve, with bearings on both the left and right sides inside the sleeve. A rotating block is fixedly connected to the right side of the sleeve, and the outside of the rotating block is fixedly connected to the inside of the pulley. A magnetic attraction block is provided inside the sleeve, and the inside of the magnetic attraction block is fixed to the inside of the bearings by a limiting rod. A collection box is slidably connected to the upper inside of the integrated box.

[0011] Preferably, the air separation mechanism includes a blower, the output end of which is fixedly connected to a conveyor box, the opening of which is connected to the interior of the integrated box, a separating roller rotatably connected inside the integrated box, the exterior of which is fixedly connected to the interior of the second pulley, a guide block is provided inside the integrated box, a filter screen is provided on the rear bottom of the guide block, and a collection box is slidably connected to the lower interior of the integrated box.

[0012] Preferably, the screening mechanism includes a fixed frame, with bearings two fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the top of the fixed frame. A screen cylinder is installed inside the two bearings two. Driven gears two are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the screen cylinder. Two driving gears two are installed on the left side of the fixed frame. The two driving gears two are connected to each other through a transmission rod. A reduction motor two is fixedly connected to the front bottom of the fixed frame. The output end of the reduction motor two is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission rod. The outside of the driven gear two is meshed with the outside of the driving gear two.

[0013] Preferably, the central axis of the screen cylinder is inclined, a sorting box one is provided at the bottom of the fixing frame, a sorting box two is provided at the rear side of the fixing frame, and a cleaning brush is fixedly connected to the adjacent side of the two bearings two, with the outer side of the cleaning brush abutting against the outer side of the screen cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the control cabinet is equipped with a programmable logic controller inside and a human-machine interactive touch screen is integrated externally; The human-machine interface touch screen is used to display the real-time operating status of the first conveying mechanism, the crushing mechanism, the second conveying mechanism, the magnetic attraction mechanism, the air separation mechanism, and the screening mechanism; The human-machine interface touchscreen is also used to set or adjust the operating speed of the servo motors in the first and second conveying mechanisms, the rotation speed of the first reduction motor in the crushing mechanism, the rotation speed of the drive motor in the driving mechanism, the rotation speed of the blower in the air separation mechanism, and the rotation speed of the second reduction motor in the screening mechanism. Preferably, the control cabinet has a built-in collaborative linkage control program, which is used to implement the following linkage logic: When any one of the screening mechanism, the magnetic attraction mechanism, or the air separation mechanism malfunctions or stops operating, the crushing mechanism and the second conveying mechanism automatically stop feeding. The start-up of the first conveying mechanism is contingent upon the crushing mechanism being in normal operating condition.

[0015] This invention provides a pretreatment and sorting device for processing waste glass fiber. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention ingeniously integrates the magnetic attraction mechanism and the air separation mechanism into the same integrated box and shares the drive mechanism, achieving a highly compact equipment structure. The material is continuously sorted by gravity in the box, and the process is significantly shortened. Compared with the existing technology that separates the magnetic separation and air separation processes into independent units and then connects them in series by a conveyor belt, this solution fundamentally solves the inherent defects of its large footprint, complicated equipment structure, and easy dust generation and energy loss during multiple material transfers.

[0016] 2. This invention incorporates a dual-sided synchronous gear transmission system in the screening mechanism. The transmission rod ensures that the driving torque applied to the screen cylinder is completely balanced, resulting in extremely smooth operation. Fixed cleaning brushes continuously clean the outer wall of the rotating screen cylinder. Compared with the single-end drive and easy clogging of screen holes commonly found in existing technologies, this invention solves the problem of unstable operation of the screen cylinder caused by uneven force and achieves self-cleaning of the screen. This effectively avoids the need for machine shutdown and maintenance due to screen hole clogging, ensuring efficient and continuous screening operations.

[0017] 3. This invention establishes a safety interlock logic for the entire equipment through the built-in collaborative linkage program in the control cabinet. When the downstream equipment stops abnormally, the control system can instantly cut off the feed at the front end, realizing intelligent fault protection. This changes the original control mode in the prior art where each unit operates independently and lacks linkage protection. Once the downstream equipment fails, the continuous feeding upstream can easily cause material blockage and equipment damage. The control scheme of this invention ensures the safety and stability of the production process. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a perspective view of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the screening mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a control cabinet architecture diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The components include: 1. First conveying mechanism; 101. Mounting frame; 102. Leak-proof block; 103. Conveyor belt body; 104. Baffle; 105. Servo motor; 2. Crushing mechanism; 201. Mounting box; 202. Auxiliary crushing block; 203. Gear motor one; 204. Drive gear one; 205. Driven gear one; 206. Crushing roller one; 207. Crushing roller two; 208. Feeding plate; 3. Integrated box; 301. Guide plate; 4. Magnetic attraction mechanism; 401. Sleeve; 402. Rotating block; 403. Bearing one; 404. Magnetic attraction block; 405. Collection. 5. Air separation mechanism; 501. Blower; 502. Conveyor box; 503. Separating roller; 504. Guide block; 505. Filter screen; 506. Collection box II; 6. Drive mechanism; 601. Drive motor; 602. Belt pulley I; 603. Belt pulley II; 7. Screening mechanism; 701. Fixing frame; 702. Bearing II; 703. Screen cylinder; 704. Driven gear II; 705. Gear reducer motor II; 706. Drive gear II; 707. Transmission rod; 708. Classification box I; 709. Classification box II; 710. Cleaning brush; 8. Control cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 8This invention provides a pretreatment and sorting device for waste glass fiber processing, which constitutes an automated processing production line. It generally includes: a first conveying mechanism 1, a crushing mechanism 2, a second conveying mechanism, an integrated box 3, a magnetic attraction mechanism 4 and an air separation mechanism 5 disposed inside the integrated box 3, a drive mechanism 6 for providing power, a screening mechanism 7, and a control cabinet 8 for overall control.

[0022] In this embodiment, the various mechanisms are arranged sequentially along the material processing path. Specifically, the first conveying mechanism 1 is used to feed the waste glass fibers to be processed onto the production line. The crushing mechanism 2 is located at the discharge end of the first conveying mechanism 1 and is used to receive and crush the waste glass fibers. The second conveying mechanism is located directly below the crushing mechanism 2 and is used to receive and transfer the crushed material.

[0023] The integrated box 3 is located at the discharge end of the second conveying mechanism, used to receive crushed materials and perform continuous impurity sorting within it. To achieve this function, a magnetic suction mechanism 4 is located on the upper inside of the integrated box 3, with an air separation mechanism 5 immediately below it. This integrated design allows the material to complete both magnetic separation for iron removal and air separation for impurity removal sequentially during its descent. The drive mechanism 6 is installed on the outside of the integrated box 3, providing power to the internal moving parts of the magnetic suction mechanism 4 and the air separation mechanism 5.

[0024] The screening mechanism 7 is located below the discharge port of the integrated box 3. It is used to receive the secondary sorted materials after magnetic separation and air separation, and to perform final size screening on them to obtain finished materials of different specifications.

[0025] The control cabinet 8 is electrically connected to the first conveying mechanism 1, the crushing mechanism 2, the second conveying mechanism, the drive mechanism 6 (which in turn controls the magnetic suction mechanism 4 and the air separation mechanism 5), the blower 501 in the air separation mechanism 5, and the screening mechanism 7. As the central control unit of the equipment, the control cabinet 8 is responsible for coordinating and controlling the start-up, shutdown, operating speed, and linkage logic of all the above mechanisms to ensure that the entire equipment can operate stably, efficiently, and automatically.

[0026] See attached document Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 In this embodiment of the invention, a first conveying mechanism 1 and a second conveying mechanism are provided, which are used for feeding material before crushing and transferring material after crushing, respectively. Since the first conveying mechanism 1 and the second conveying mechanism have the same structure, one of them will be used as an example for detailed explanation here.

[0027] The first conveying mechanism 1 is the foundation for automated material conveying. Its overall structure is based on a mounting frame 101 made of shaped steel or high-strength metal plates, which provides a stable mounting base and support for all other components. Inside the mounting frame 101, an annular conveyor belt body 103 is tensioned and mounted via drive rollers and driven rollers. The conveyor belt body 103 is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant industrial materials to accommodate the physical properties of waste glass fiber.

[0028] To achieve precise control of the conveying process, a servo motor 105 is installed on the outer side of the mounting frame 101. The output shaft of the servo motor 105 is connected to the drive roller of the conveyor belt body 103, and can precisely adjust the running speed of the conveyor belt body 103 by receiving command signals from the control cabinet 8. Multiple baffles 104 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals along the running direction on the outer surface of the conveyor belt body 103. These baffles 104 are perpendicular to the belt surface and can effectively increase the thrust on the waste glass fiber material, preventing the material from sliding down or accumulating due to gravity during the conveying process, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the material flow. A leak-proof block 102 is fixedly connected to the front end of the mounting frame 101. The leak-proof block 102 is structurally a guide ramp or a small chute, which allows the material to be accurately placed on the conveyor belt body 103, avoiding spillage and waste, and maintaining a clean working environment.

[0029] See attached document Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 The crushing mechanism 2 is the core unit of this invention for reducing the volume and initially separating waste glass fibers. All its components are integrated and installed inside a robust mounting box 201. This mounting box 201 not only provides stable support for the internal transmission and crushing components, but also encloses the working space and suppresses dust and noise leakage.

[0030] The power source for the crushing mechanism 2 is a geared motor 203 located on the lower side of the mounting box 201. A drive gear 204 is fixedly connected to the output end of the geared motor 203. A driven gear 205 is rotatably connected to the outside of the mounting box 201 via bearings, with the outer surfaces of the drive gear 204 and driven gear 205 meshing together. This gear meshing transmission design ensures that when the geared motor 203 is operating, the drive gear 204 and driven gear 205 can rotate synchronously with the same angular velocity but in opposite directions.

[0031] Inside the mounting box 201, two core crushing components are arranged corresponding to the transmission system: crushing roller one 206 and crushing roller two 207. The shaft of crushing roller one 206 is fixedly connected to the center of the driving gear one 204, while the shaft of crushing roller two 207 is fixedly connected to the center of the driven gear one 205. Thus, the two crushing rollers achieve synchronous reverse rotation in opposite directions. To enhance the crushing effect, both crushing roller one 206 and crushing roller two 207 have staggered hard alloy crushing teeth or blades on their outer surfaces. When the two crushing rollers rotate relative to each other, the crushing teeth mesh with each other, generating strong shearing, tearing, and compressing effects on the waste glass fibers entering between them, effectively crushing them into smaller materials. An auxiliary crushing block 202 is also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting box 201. The surface of this auxiliary crushing block 202 is also equipped with wear-resistant crushing teeth, and its position forms a specific shearing gap with the surface of the adjacent crushing roller one 206 (or crushing roller two 207). As the material rotates with the crushing roller, a portion of the material is subjected to additional shearing and scraping forces within the gap, thereby ensuring efficient crushing of waste glass fibers of various shapes and avoiding clogging.

[0032] At the bottom of the crushing mechanism 2, i.e. at the lower outlet of the mounting box 201, a feeding plate 208 is fixedly connected. The feeding plate 208 is an inclined guide plate. After crushing, the smaller material can be guided by the feeding plate 208 to fall smoothly and centrally onto the second conveying mechanism directly below, providing a uniform material flow for the stable operation of subsequent processes.

[0033] See attached document Figure 2 and attached Figure 5 The integrated box 3 is the core cavity of this invention, achieving a high degree of integration of magnetic separation and air separation functions. The upper part of the integrated box 3 has a feed inlet for receiving crushed material conveyed by the second conveying mechanism, while the lower part has a discharge outlet connected to the subsequent screening mechanism 7. On the inner bottom side of the integrated box 3, near the discharge outlet, a guide plate 301 is fixedly connected. The guide plate 301 is inclined at a specific angle, its function being to collect and guide the secondary separated material after magnetic and air separation, ensuring that the material can smoothly slide into the inlet of the screening mechanism 7 along the inclined surface, achieving a smooth transition between processes.

[0034] A drive mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the outside of the integrated box 3. The drive mechanism 6 includes a drive motor 601, and a pulley 602 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 601. A second pulley 603 is rotatably connected to the lower outside of the integrated box 3 via a bearing. The outside of pulley 602 and pulley 603 are connected by an industrial belt. When the drive motor 601 starts, its power directly drives pulley 602 to rotate, and synchronously drives pulley 603 to rotate via belt transmission. Pulley 602 and pulley 603 serve as two independent power output terminals, distributing the power generated by the single drive motor 601 to drive the rotating components in the magnetic attraction mechanism 4 and the air separation mechanism 5, respectively.

[0035] See attached document Figure 5 To be continued Figure 7 The magnetic attraction mechanism 4 is located on the upper side inside the integrated box 3, at the top of the path of the crushed material. Its function is to efficiently separate ferromagnetic impurities mixed in the waste glass fiber, such as iron filings and screws.

[0036] The core component of the magnetic attraction mechanism 4 is a horizontally arranged, rotatable sleeve 401. The sleeve 401 is made of a non-magnetic conductive material (e.g., stainless steel) to ensure that the internal magnetic field can penetrate and act on external materials, while allowing adsorbed impurities to easily detach when it rotates to the non-magnetic zone. Bearings 403 are located on both the left and right sides inside the sleeve 401, supporting it and enabling smooth, low-resistance rotation. The sleeve 401 is powered by an external drive mechanism 6. Specifically, a rotating block 402 is fixedly connected to the right end of the sleeve 401, and the outside of this rotating block 402 is fixedly connected to the inside of a pulley 602 in the drive mechanism 6. The power generated by the drive motor 601 is transmitted to the pulley 602, which in turn directly drives the rotating block 402 and the sleeve 401 to rotate around their central axis.

[0037] To achieve a clever combination of magnetic adsorption and non-magnetic separation, a magnetic block 404 is installed inside the cavity of the sleeve 401. This magnetic block 404 is made of high-strength permanent magnet material and is constructed into a fan-shaped or semi-circular structure with a specific wrap angle. Its magnetic field covers the first half of the path of the material falling and rotating with the sleeve 401. The magnetic block 404 remains stationary during equipment operation. A limit rod is installed passing through the interior of the bearing 403, which, through its placement, keeps the limit rod stationary.

[0038] When the material falls onto the surface of the rotating sleeve 401, the ferromagnetic impurities are instantly attracted to the outer wall of the sleeve 401 by the strong magnetic force generated by the stationary magnetic block 404, and rotate with the sleeve 401. When these impurities are carried away from the main material flow and rotate beyond the magnetic field coverage of the magnetic block 404, the magnetic force disappears, and the impurities automatically fall off under the action of gravity. Inside the upper side of the integrated box 3, there is a slidably connected collection box 405. All the separated ferromagnetic impurities fall into this collection box 405. Its sliding connection design makes it easy to pull out and clean periodically, thereby completing the purification of the material from the first sorting.

[0039] See attached document Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The air separation mechanism 5 is located below the magnetic attraction mechanism 4 and integrated inside the integrated box 3. Its function is to refine the primary sorted material after magnetic separation. It removes lighter impurities such as paper scraps, plastic film, dust, and some light glass fiber fragments through airflow, thereby forming a secondary sorted material of higher quality.

[0040] The core power source of the air separation mechanism 5 is a blower 501, which is externally fixedly connected to the side wall of the integrated box 3. The output end of the blower 501, i.e., the air outlet, is fixedly connected to a conveyor box 502. This conveyor box 502 is essentially a smooth internal rectangular or circular air duct, its opening connected to the interior of the integrated box 3, responsible for guiding the high-speed airflow generated by the blower 501 to a specific area inside the integrated box 3, ensuring full contact with the falling material. A separating roller 503 is rotatably connected inside the integrated box 3, along the material's falling path. The outer surface of the separating roller 503 is typically made of an anti-sticking material. Its rotational power comes from an external drive mechanism 6, and the exterior of the separating roller 503 is fixedly connected to the inner side of pulley 603 in the drive mechanism 6. Therefore, when the drive motor 601 drives pulley 603 to rotate via belt drive, the separating roller 503 also rotates synchronously. As the material falls, it impacts or slides over the rotating separating roller 503, which effectively breaks it up and disperses it, increasing the contact area and time between the material particles and the rising airflow.

[0041] Inside the integrated box 3, a guide block 504 is installed along the separation path of airflow and material. The structure and tilt angle of this guide block 504 are optimized to effectively guide the airflow, transporting light impurities to the collection box 506. A filter screen 505 is installed at a specific position on the rear bottom of the guide block 504. This filter screen 505 has an appropriate mesh size, effectively intercepting light solid impurities rising with the airflow while allowing clean air to pass through, achieving gas-solid separation. These light impurities intercepted by the filter screen 505 eventually fall into the collection box 506, located on the lower side of the integrated box 3, along the guide path of the guide block 504. The collection box 506 uses a sliding connection, facilitating periodic cleaning by operators, thus completing the removal of light impurities from the secondary sorted materials.

[0042] See attached document Figure 4 and attached Figure 8 The screening mechanism 7 is the end processing unit of this pre-processing sorting equipment. Its function is to perform final precise grading of the secondary sorted materials processed in the previous process according to their geometric dimensions in order to obtain finished glass fibers of different specifications.

[0043] The overall structure of the screening mechanism 7 is supported by a sturdy fixed frame 701. Bearings 702 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the top of the fixed frame 701, providing coaxial support for the installation and rotation of the core component, the screen cylinder 703. The screen cylinder 703 is a cylindrical or polygonal structure with uniformly sized screen holes distributed along its wall. Driven gears 704 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the screen cylinder 703. Two driving gears 706 are mounted on the left side of the fixed frame 701, connected by a rigid transmission rod 707 to ensure strictly synchronous rotation. A geared motor 705 is mounted on the front bottom of the fixed frame 701, its output end being fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission rod 707. When the geared motor 705 is working, power is transmitted to the two driving gears 706 via the transmission rod 707. The driving gears 706 then drive the two driven gears 704 on the screen cylinder 703 through external meshing, thereby driving the entire screen cylinder 703 to rotate around its central axis. This ensures that the driving torque applied to the screen cylinder 703 is evenly distributed, avoiding the twisting or instability that may be caused by unilateral drive, and guaranteeing the stability of the screening process.

[0044] The central axis of the screen cylinder 703 is inclined, with its feed end higher than its discharge end. When material enters the rotating screen cylinder 703, it advances and is screened under the influence of gravity and the tumbling action of the cylinder wall. Glass fibers smaller than the screen openings pass through the cylinder wall and fall into the sorting box 708 located at the bottom of the fixed frame 701. Glass fibers larger than the screen openings cannot pass through and are conveyed to the discharge port at the end of the screen cylinder as the screen cylinder 703 rotates and tilts, falling into the sorting box 709 located behind the fixed frame 701, thus achieving automatic separation by size. To ensure screening efficiency and prevent screen blockage, a cleaning brush 710 is fixedly connected to one side of the two bearings 702. The bristle length of the cleaning brush 710 is precisely set so that its outer surface abuts against the outer surface of the screen cylinder 703. When the screen cylinder 703 rotates, its outer surface continuously sweeps across the stationary cleaning brush 710. The brush bristles can effectively remove fiber particles stuck in the screen holes, realizing online self-cleaning of the screen and ensuring that the equipment can operate continuously and efficiently for a long time.

[0045] See attached document Figure 1 and attached Figure 9 The control cabinet 8 is the central control and command center of this invention. It integrates core electrical components and control logic and is responsible for the comprehensive monitoring, operation and automated coordination of the entire waste glass fiber pretreatment and sorting equipment.

[0046] At the hardware level, the core of control cabinet 8 is a high-performance programmable logic controller (PLC). This PLC acts as the main processor, responsible for executing preset control programs, processing input signals from various sensors, and sending control commands to the drivers of various actuators (such as motors and blowers). Externally, control cabinet 8 integrates a human-machine interface (HMI), which provides operators with an intuitive graphical interface.

[0047] Through the human-machine interface touchscreen, operators can monitor the operating status of the entire equipment in real time. For example, the main screen dynamically displays the process flow diagram of all major mechanisms, including the first conveying mechanism 1, crushing mechanism 2, second conveying mechanism, magnetic suction mechanism 4, air separation mechanism 5, and screening mechanism 7, clearly indicating whether each mechanism is currently running, stopped, or in a faulty state using different colors or icons. Simultaneously, key operating parameters, such as the real-time speed and current load of each motor, are also displayed in numerical or graphical form.

[0048] The human-machine interface touchscreen also allows operators to set and adjust parameters online. Specifically, operators can precisely set or modify the operating speed of the servo motor 105 in the first and second conveying mechanisms, the rotation speed of the geared motor 203 in the crushing mechanism 2, the rotation speed of the drive motor 601 in the drive mechanism 6 (thus indirectly controlling the operating speed of the magnetic suction mechanism 4 and the air separation mechanism 5), the rotation speed of the blower 501 in the air separation mechanism 5, and the rotation speed of the geared motor 705 in the screening mechanism 7, all within an interface with the appropriate permissions.

[0049] The PLC inside control cabinet 8 executes an advanced collaborative control algorithm. For example, the feeding speed of the first conveyor mechanism 1 is not constant, but adaptively adjusted according to the load of the crushing mechanism 2. Its control logic can be expressed by the following formula: V feed =V base +K p ·(I set -I crusher ); Where: V feed V is the target operating speed of the servo motor 105 of the first conveying mechanism 1; base A preset base operating speed; K p This is a proportional gain constant, which can be tuned on the human-machine interface touchscreen; I set The ideal operating current load setting value for the geared motor 203 of the crushing mechanism 2; I crusher The actual operating current of the geared motor 203 is collected in real time by the sensor.

[0050] When I crusher Approaching or exceeding I set When this occurs, it indicates that the crushing load is large, and control cabinet 8 will automatically reduce V. feed To reduce the amount of feed; conversely, to appropriately increase V. feed This ensures a stable feed to the crushing process, prevents blockages, and maximizes processing efficiency.

[0051] Similarly, the rotational speed of the blower 501 in the air separation mechanism 5 is also linked to the material throughput to maintain a constant air separation effect: V fan =V fan_base +K f ·V feed ; Where: V fan V is the target operating speed of blower 501. fan_base K represents the base fan speed corresponding to the minimum feed rate. f V is an airflow-material ratio coefficient. feedThis refers to the real-time operating speed of the first conveying mechanism 1. This linkage logic ensures that when the feeding speed increases and the material flow rate increases, the air volume in the air separation zone also increases accordingly, thereby ensuring that the separation efficiency of light impurities remains at an optimized level under different processing loads.

[0052] Working principle: First, the operator starts the entire equipment via control cabinet 8. The waste glass fiber to be processed is placed on the conveyor belt body 103 of the first conveying mechanism 1. The servo motor 105 drives the conveyor belt body 103 to run, and the baffle 104 effectively transports the waste glass fiber to the feed end of the equipment.

[0053] Secondly, in the crushing mechanism 2, the geared motor 203 drives the drive gear 204, which in turn drives the driven gear 205, causing the crushing roller 206 and the crushing roller 207 to rotate in opposite directions. The incoming waste glass fiber is efficiently crushed into smaller pieces by the powerful shearing and tearing action of the two crushing rollers, and in conjunction with the auxiliary crushing block 202. The crushed material is then guided by the feed plate 208 and falls onto the second conveying mechanism below.

[0054] Next, the second conveying mechanism transports and lifts the crushed material to the feed inlet of the integrated box 3. Under gravity, the material enters the integrated box 3 and begins a continuous integrated sorting process. The material first contacts the surface of the rotating sleeve 401 in the magnetic attraction mechanism 4. Due to the magnetic field generated by the stationary magnetic blocks 404 inside, ferromagnetic impurities in the material are attracted to the outer wall of the sleeve 401 and rotate with it. After detaching from the main material flow, they automatically fall off in the non-magnetic zone and into the collection box 405. The sorted material, after the ferromagnetic impurities have been removed, continues to fall.

[0055] Simultaneously, the primary sorted material passes through the air separation mechanism 5. As the material falls, it is effectively dispersed by the rotating separating roller 503, and the airflow generated by the blower 501 is blown in from the conveyor box 502, forming an upward airflow. Lighter impurities (such as paper scraps and films) are carried away by the airflow, guided by the guide block 504 and intercepted by the filter screen 505, eventually falling into the collection box 506. The denser glass fiber material continues to fall, forming secondary sorted material, and is guided out of the box by the guide plate 301 at the bottom of the integrated box 3.

[0056] Finally, the secondary sorted material enters the screen cylinder 703 of the screening mechanism 7. Driven synchronously by the second geared motor 705 via the transmission rod 707, the second driving gear 706, and the second driven gear 704, the inclined screen cylinder 703 rotates smoothly. Material smaller than the screen holes passes through the holes and falls into the first sorting box 708 below, becoming one type of finished product. Material larger than the screen holes cannot pass through and is conveyed along the inclined cylinder wall to the end, falling into the second sorting box 709, becoming another type of finished product. During the screening process, the cleaning brush 710 continuously cleans the outer wall of the screen cylinder 703 to prevent screen clogging.

[0057] The operation is precisely controlled by the integrated control program built into the control cabinet 8. At startup, the program logic ensures that the crushing mechanism 2 must be started and brought to normal operation before the first conveying mechanism 1 is allowed to start feeding. During operation, the program monitors the status of downstream mechanisms in real time. If any of the screening mechanism 7, magnetic attraction mechanism 4, or air separation mechanism 5 stops operating due to malfunction, blockage, or human intervention, the control cabinet 8 will immediately issue a linkage command to automatically stop the operation of the upstream crushing mechanism 2 and the second conveying mechanism, thereby preventing material accumulation and equipment damage at the fault point due to continuous material supply.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pretreatment and sorting device for processing waste glass fiber, characterized in that, include: The first conveying mechanism (1) is used to convey waste glass fibers to be processed; The crushing mechanism (2) is located at the end of the first conveying mechanism (1) and is used to receive and crush waste glass fibers to form crushed material; The second conveying mechanism is located below the crushing mechanism (2). The second conveying mechanism has the same structure as the first conveying mechanism (1) and is used to receive and convey crushed materials. An integrated box (3) is located at the end of the second conveying mechanism and is used to receive crushed materials; A magnetic attraction mechanism (4) is installed inside the integrated box (3) to perform magnetic separation on the crushed material entering the integrated box (3), remove ferromagnetic impurities and form primary sorted material; The air separation mechanism (5) is set inside the integrated box (3) and below the magnetic attraction mechanism (4) for air separation of the primary sorted material, removing light impurities and forming secondary sorted material; Screening mechanism (7) is used to receive secondary sorted materials and screen them into finished materials according to their size; The control cabinet (8) is electrically connected to the first conveying mechanism (1), the crushing mechanism (2), the second conveying mechanism, the magnetic attraction mechanism (4), the air separation mechanism (5) and the screening mechanism (7) respectively, and is used to control the operation of the equipment.

2. The pretreatment and sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conveying mechanism (1) includes a mounting frame (101), a leak-proof block (102) is fixedly connected to the front end of the mounting frame (101), a conveyor belt body (103) is installed inside the mounting frame (101), a plurality of equally spaced baffles (104) are provided on the outside of the conveyor belt body (103), and a servo motor (105) is installed on the outside of the mounting frame (101).

3. The pretreatment and sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism (2) includes a mounting box (201), an auxiliary crushing block (202) is provided inside the mounting box (201), a reduction motor (203) is provided on the lower side of the mounting box (201), a drive gear (204) is fixedly connected to the output end of the reduction motor (203), a driven gear (205) is rotatably connected to the outside of the mounting box (201), the outside of the drive gear (204) meshes with the outside of the driven gear (205), a crushing roller (206) is fixedly connected to the inside of the drive gear (204), a crushing roller (207) is fixedly connected to the inside of the driven gear (205), the outside of the crushing roller (206) meshes with the outside of the crushing roller (207), and a feed plate (208) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom side of the mounting box (201).

4. The pretreatment and sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guide plate (301) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom side of the integrated box (3). A drive mechanism (6) is provided on the outside of the integrated box (3). The drive mechanism (6) includes a drive motor (601). The drive motor (601) is fixedly connected to the outside of the integrated box (3). A pulley one (602) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (601). A pulley two (603) is rotatably connected to the lower outside of the integrated box (3). The outside of the pulley one (602) and the outside of the pulley two (603) are connected by a belt.

5. The pretreatment and sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic attraction mechanism (4) includes a sleeve (401), and bearings (403) are provided on both the left and right sides inside the sleeve (401). A rotating block (402) is fixedly connected to the right side of the sleeve (401). The outside of the rotating block (402) is fixedly connected to the inside of the pulley (602). A magnetic block (404) is provided inside the sleeve (401). The inside of the magnetic block (404) is fixed to the inside of the bearing (403) by a limiting rod. A collection box (405) is slidably connected to the upper inside of the integrated box (3).

6. The pretreatment and sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air separation mechanism (5) includes a blower (501), the output end of which is fixedly connected to a conveyor box (502), the opening of which is connected to the interior of the integrated box (3), a separating roller (503) is rotatably connected inside the integrated box (3), the exterior of which is fixedly connected to the interior of the second pulley (603), a guide block (504) is provided inside the integrated box (3), a filter screen (505) is provided on the rear side of the bottom of the guide block (504), and a collection box (506) is slidably connected to the lower side of the interior of the integrated box (3).

7. The pretreatment and sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening mechanism (7) includes a fixed frame (701), and bearings (702) are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the top of the fixed frame (701). A screen cylinder (703) is installed inside the two bearings (702). Driven gears (704) are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the screen cylinder (703). Two driving gears (706) are installed on the left side of the fixed frame (701). The two driving gears (706) are connected to each other through a transmission rod (707). A reduction motor (705) is fixedly connected to the front bottom of the fixed frame (701). The output end of the reduction motor (705) is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission rod (707). The outside of the driven gear (704) is meshed with the outside of the driving gear (706).

8. The pretreatment and sorting equipment for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central axis of the screen cylinder (703) is inclined. A sorting box 1 (708) is provided at the bottom of the fixing frame (701), and a sorting box 2 (709) is provided on the rear side of the fixing frame (701). A cleaning brush (710) is fixedly connected to the adjacent side of the two bearings 2 (702), and the outside of the cleaning brush (710) abuts against the outside of the screen cylinder (703).

9. A pretreatment and sorting device for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control cabinet (8) is equipped with a programmable logic controller and has an external human-machine interactive touch screen. The human-machine interface touch screen is used to display the real-time operating status of the first conveying mechanism (1), the crushing mechanism (2), the second conveying mechanism, the magnetic attraction mechanism (4), the air separation mechanism (5) and the screening mechanism (7); The human-machine interaction touch screen is also used to set or adjust the running speed of the servo motor (105) in the first conveying mechanism (1) and the second conveying mechanism, the rotation speed of the first deceleration motor (203) in the crushing mechanism (2), the rotation speed of the drive motor (601) in the driving mechanism (6), the rotation speed of the blower (501) in the air separation mechanism (5) and the rotation speed of the second deceleration motor (705) in the screening mechanism (7).

10. A pretreatment and sorting device for waste glass fiber processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control cabinet (8) has a built-in collaborative linkage control program, which is used to implement the following linkage logic: When any one of the screening mechanism (7), the magnetic attraction mechanism (4) or the air separation mechanism (5) malfunctions or stops operating, the crushing mechanism (2) and the second conveying mechanism automatically stop feeding. The start-up of the first conveying mechanism (1) is conditional upon the crushing mechanism (2) being in normal operation.

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