Self-weight boosting type and downhill energy storage type bicycle and driving energy storage method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-weight assistance type and downhill energy storage type bicycle and a driving energy storage method thereof.The self-weight assistance type and downhill energy storage type bicycle comprises a bicycle body, an assistance ratchet mechanism and a downhill energy storage mechanism are installed on the bicycle body, and the assistance ratchet mechanism is installed at a front driving shaft of the bicycle body and used for converting the self weight of a rider into driving force and reducing the riding torque requirement; the downhill energy storage mechanism is installed on a rear driving shaft of the bicycle body and used for storing energy during downhill and releasing the energy during uphill so as to assist riding. The electric bicycle has the advantages that the weight of a rider is dynamically converted into driving torque through a self-weight power-assisted system, and a torque compensation mechanism of'sitting pressure, namely driving 'is formed. In a climbing or load bearing scene, a rider does not need to completely depend on leg strength to overcome resistance, muscle fatigue is effectively relieved, and the riding distance is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle and its driving energy storage method, belonging to the field of bicycles. Background Technology

[0002] The mainstream design of modern bicycles has long relied on traditional mechanical structures centered around pedals, chains, and gears. While their power transmission systems have undergone numerous iterations and optimizations, improvements have consistently been limited to expanding the number of gears and improving shifting efficiency. For example, mainstream models have achieved more refined speed adaptation by increasing the number of sprockets (e.g., upgrading from 7 to 12 speeds) or introducing electronic shifting technology (such as the Shimano Di2 system), allowing riders to select optimal gear ratios for different inclines and road conditions. However, such improvements essentially still indirectly reduce riding intensity by adjusting gear ratios, failing to address the root cause of riding torque—the ineffective utilization of the rider's weight and environmental energy. Taking climbing as an example, even when shifting to the lowest gear, the rider still relies entirely on leg muscle strength to overcome gravity, with body weight becoming an additional burden. During descents or braking, almost all of the vehicle's kinetic energy is dissipated as heat through friction braking, neither being recovered and stored nor forming an energy circulation loop. This unidirectional and discrete energy utilization pattern results in inherent shortcomings in the range and comfort of traditional bicycles under complex road conditions. For example, during long-distance cycling, riders are prone to uneven energy distribution due to continuous high-load pedaling, leading to a sharp drop in efficiency in the latter half of the journey; on steep slopes, although traditional gear systems can reduce cadence, they cannot reduce the actual required torque, and the problem of sharply increased riding resistance remains unsolved.

[0003] Another significant drawback of existing technology lies in the lack of an energy management mechanism. Traditional braking systems (such as V-brakes and disc brakes) convert kinetic energy into heat energy through the contact between the friction pads and the wheel hub, resulting in near-zero energy recovery efficiency. It is estimated that a bicycle traveling downhill at 20 km / h loses hundreds of joules of kinetic energy during braking; if recovered, this could propel the vehicle up several meters. Furthermore, the rider's weight, as a static load, is only transferred to the frame through the seat on flat roads and does not contribute to power output; however, during acceleration or climbing, the weight requires additional leg strength to "counteract" the force, further exacerbating physical exertion. This limitation in design logic has kept bicycles at a rudimentary stage of "one-way human power output," failing to integrate the gravitational potential energy of the rider with the kinetic energy of the environment as a complementary driving source. Although electric-assist bicycles have emerged in recent years, their reliance on external power sources such as batteries and motors not only increases the weight and maintenance costs of the bicycle but also deviates from the core concept of green transportation due to the unsustainable energy source. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a self-weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle. The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0005] A weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle includes a frame, on which a downhill energy storage mechanism is installed. The downhill energy storage mechanism is installed at the rear drive shaft of the frame and is used to store energy when going downhill and release it when going uphill to assist riding.

[0006] The downhill energy storage mechanism includes a planetary gear reduction assembly, a brake drum, brake pads, a spring cover, and a spring lock. The planetary gear reduction assembly is installed on one side of the rear drive shaft. The sun gear of the planetary gear reduction assembly is mounted on the rear support fork of the vehicle body, and the ring gear of the planetary gear reduction assembly is connected to the coiled spring. A spring lock is also installed at the rear drive shaft. The planetary gear reduction assembly is encapsulated inside the brake drum, and the coiled spring is protected by the spring cover. The brake pads are linked to the planetary gear shaft of the planetary gear reduction assembly to ensure that the coiled spring stores energy synchronously during braking. The brake pads are located on the outside of the brake drum, and the brake drum is controlled by a handlebar cable to release the coiled spring and engage with the brake pads.

[0007] The release rate of the coiled spring is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time slope angle, and the reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly adapts to the riding load, realizing dual-mode coordinated drive of self-weight assist and energy storage release.

[0008] The cross-sectional dimensions of the flat rectangular guide cylinder were optimized through finite element analysis to satisfy the constraint equations:

[0009]

[0010] d 2 x / dt 2 This represents the acceleration of the rack in the vertical direction, expressed in m / s². 2 ;

[0011] x represents the vertical displacement of the assist rack relative to its initial position, in meters;

[0012] t represents the time variable during the cycling process, in seconds;

[0013] F 总 The net force acting on the rack includes the vertical pressure exerted by the rider's weight, the compressive force of the return spring, and the resistance force, measured in Newtons (m). 齿条 The equivalent mass of the rack is expressed in kilograms; μ is the coefficient of friction between the rack and the guide cylinder; g is the acceleration due to gravity, taken as 9.81 m / s². 2 ;

[0014] Formula (1) ensures that the rack moves smoothly in the vertical direction without jamming and minimizes energy loss.

[0015] The reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly is dynamically adjusted using formula (2), i = 1 + Z 齿圈 / Z 太阳轮 (2); where Z 齿圈 and Z 太阳轮 The number of teeth on the ring gear and sun gear are respectively used to match the amplification factor of the energy storage spring torque with the riding load.

[0016] The release rate of the energy storage spring is controlled by algorithm v. 释放 =α·sinθ+β adjustment, where θ is the real-time slope angle in radians, α is the slope sensitivity coefficient with a value range of 0.5 to 1.2, and β is the basic release rate, set to 0.2 to 0.5 m / s to ensure smooth uphill assistance.

[0017] The handle cable adopts a phased control, which prioritizes releasing the energy of the stored spring through the spring lock, and when fully closed, the linkage brake pads grip the brake drum.

[0018] The preload of the coiled spring is adjusted by the dynamic reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly, satisfying formula F. 预紧 =k·Δx 初始 ·i 动态 ;

[0019] Where k is the spring stiffness coefficient, in N / m, Δx_initial is the initial compression of the spring, in meters, and i 动态 To achieve real-time reduction ratio and adapt to different gradient requirements.

[0020] Furthermore, an assist ratchet mechanism is installed at the front drive shaft of the vehicle body to convert the rider's weight into driving force, reducing the torque requirement for riding. The assist ratchet system includes an assist ratchet, a one-way clutch, an assist rack, a guide cylinder, and a return spring. The assist ratchet is installed on one side of the front drive shaft, and the assist ratchet has a built-in one-way clutch. The assist ratchet rotates synchronously with the front drive shaft. An assist rack meshes with the front end of the assist ratchet, and the upper part of the assist rack passes through the flat rectangular guide cylinder mounted on the frame and is fixedly connected to the seat. The return spring is fitted on the assist rack between the lower end of the seat and the guide cylinder. The rider's weight compresses the return spring, driving the assist rack to move downward, which in turn drives the assist ratchet to rotate the front drive shaft in one direction.

[0021] A drive energy storage method based on a weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle includes the following steps:

[0022] (1) Self-weight assist drive steps: The rider's own weight compresses the return spring, which drives the assist rack to move vertically down along the flat square guide cylinder, causing the assist ratchet to drive the front drive shaft to rotate in one direction, thus converting the rider's weight into riding driving force.

[0023] (2) Downhill energy storage steps: When braking downhill, the brake drum is controlled by the handle cable to link with the planetary gear reduction assembly, which drives the coiling spring to coil and store energy, and the torque of the energy storage spring is amplified by the planetary gear reduction ratio.

[0024] The advantages of this invention are:

[0025] 1. Cycling torque is significantly reduced, resulting in less physical exertion.

[0026] The weight-assisted system dynamically converts the cyclist's weight into driving torque, creating a "seat pressure equals drive" torque compensation mechanism. In climbing or carrying heavy loads, cyclists don't need to rely entirely on leg strength to overcome resistance, effectively relieving muscle fatigue and extending riding distance.

[0027] 2. Overall improvement in energy utilization efficiency

[0028] The downhill energy storage system uses a planetary gear reduction assembly coupled with a coiled spring to efficiently convert kinetic energy during braking into elastic potential energy for storage. The stored energy can be released when going uphill to assist in driving the vehicle, thereby improving the overall energy utilization rate of the vehicle and significantly enhancing its range under complex road conditions.

[0029] 3. Innovative integration of human body gravity and environmental kinetic energy

[0030] Breaking away from the limitations of traditional bicycles that rely solely on active pedaling, this system achieves, for the first time, a closed-loop utilization of the rider's own weight potential energy and downhill kinetic energy. The rider's weight is transformed from a static load into a source of driving force, and redundant downhill kinetic energy is converted from ineffective dissipation into available energy, forming a collaborative energy supply mode of "human-machine-environment".

[0031] 4. Intelligent dynamic control enhances riding comfort.

[0032] Based on real-time feedback from parameters such as gradient angle and riding load, the energy release rate and planetary gear reduction ratio are dynamically adjusted through a control algorithm. This ensures smooth uphill assist, avoids sudden power increases or interruptions, and significantly improves riding smoothness and handling experience.

[0033] 5. Modular design ensures strong compatibility and ease of promotion.

[0034] The self-weight assist system and downhill energy storage system adopt a modular design, which can be adapted to most traditional bicycle frames without the need for large-scale modifications to existing bicycle bodies. For example, the design of the flat rectangular guide cylinder and the planetary gear mechanism encapsulated in the brake drum ensures functionality while avoiding excessive increase in size, thus possessing good market universality.

[0035] 6. Outstanding advantages in green sustainability

[0036] Compared to electric-assisted bicycles that rely on external batteries for power, this invention achieves energy recovery and reuse entirely through mechanical structures, requiring no additional energy input. It aligns with the concept of zero-emission green travel, while also reducing maintenance costs and vehicle weight, thus combining environmental friendliness and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the ratchet mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the downhill energy storage mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Side view. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as a result. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or substitutions can be made to the details and form of the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but all such modifications and substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] See Figures 1 to 3 This invention relates to a weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle, comprising a frame 1, on which an assist ratchet mechanism and a downhill energy storage mechanism are mounted. The assist ratchet mechanism is mounted at the front drive shaft of the frame 1 to convert the rider's weight into driving force, reducing the torque required for riding. The downhill energy storage mechanism is mounted at the rear drive shaft of the frame 1 to store energy during downhill riding and release it during uphill riding to assist in riding. Based on this structure, the following advantages are achieved:

[0042] (1) The body weight is efficiently converted into driving force.

[0043] The power-assisted ratchet mechanism, through the coordinated design of the seat, return spring, and power-assisted rack, directly converts the rider's weight into driving torque. When the rider sits down, their weight compresses the return spring, causing the rack to move vertically downwards along the flat rectangular guide tube, which in turn drives the power-assisted ratchet to rotate the front drive shaft in one direction.

[0044] (2) Downhill kinetic energy recovery and energy storage and release

[0045] The downhill energy storage mechanism integrates a planetary gear reduction assembly and a coiled spring. It uses the rotation of the brake drum to drive the planetary gear to compress the spring and store energy. The stored energy can be dynamically adjusted by the reduction ratio. It can be released when going uphill to provide auxiliary driving force, and recover energy when braking downhill to effectively extend the driving range.

[0046] (3) Dual-mechanism collaboration and structural compatibility

[0047] The ratchet mechanism and downhill energy storage mechanism adopt a modular design. The flat square guide cylinder and the planetary gear encapsulated in the brake drum have a compact structure that fits the standard frame without the need for large-scale modifications to traditional bicycles.

[0048] The power-assisted ratchet system includes a power-assisted ratchet 5, a one-way clutch, a power-assisted rack 6, a guide cylinder 7, and a return spring 3. The power-assisted ratchet 5 is installed on one side of the front drive shaft. The power-assisted ratchet 5 has a built-in one-way clutch and rotates synchronously with the front drive shaft. The power-assisted rack 6 is engaged at the front end of the power-assisted ratchet 5. The upper part of the power-assisted rack 6 passes through the flat rectangular guide cylinder 7 mounted on the frame and is fixedly connected to the seat 2. The return spring 3 is fitted on the power-assisted rack 6 between the lower end of the seat 2 and the guide cylinder 7. The rider's own weight compresses the return spring 3, driving the power-assisted rack to move downward, which in turn drives the power-assisted ratchet 5 to rotate the front drive shaft in one direction.

[0049] The aforementioned assisted ratchet system achieves the following advantages:

[0050] (1) Self-weight driven, efficient and labor-saving

[0051] Through the linkage design of the assist rack 6 and the return spring 3, when the rider sits down, their own weight compresses the return spring 3, driving the rack 6 to move vertically downward along the flat rectangular guide cylinder 7, which in turn drives the assist ratchet 5 to rotate the front drive shaft in one direction. This structure directly converts the rider's weight into driving force, significantly reducing physical exertion when climbing hills or starting.

[0052] (2) Precise and reliable motion guidance

[0053] The flat rectangular guide cylinder 7 restricts the power assist rack 6 to move only in the vertical direction, avoiding energy loss or component wear caused by lateral deviation. Combined with the one-way clutch, it ensures that the power assist ratchet 5 transmits power in only one direction, preventing reverse spinning or resistance interference during riding, thus improving transmission efficiency and system lifespan.

[0054] (3) Modular integration with strong adaptability

[0055] The power-assisted ratchet system (ratchet 5, rack 6, guide sleeve 7, return spring 3) features a compact, modular design that can be directly mounted on the front drive shaft of a standard bicycle without modifying the frame structure. For example, the guide sleeve 7 is seamlessly connected to the frame, and the return spring 3 is mounted on the rack 6, resulting in an overall weight increase of less than 1.5 kg. It is highly compatible and easy to promote.

[0056] The downhill energy storage mechanism includes a planetary gear reduction assembly 8, a brake drum 15, brake pads 10, a spring cover 11, and a spring lock 12. The planetary gear reduction assembly 8 is installed on one side of the rear drive shaft 13. The sun gear of the planetary gear reduction assembly 8 is mounted on the rear support fork of the vehicle body, and the gear ring of the planetary gear reduction assembly 8 is connected to the coil spring 9. A spring lock 12 is also installed at the rear drive shaft. The planetary gear reduction assembly 8 is encapsulated inside the brake drum 15, and the coil spring 9 is protected externally by the spring cover 11. The brake pads 10 are linked with the planetary gear shaft of the planetary gear reduction assembly 8 to ensure that the coil spring stores energy synchronously during braking. The brake pads are located on the outside of the brake drum. The brake drum 15 is controlled by the handlebar cable to release the coil spring and engage with the brake pads 10. The release rate of the coil spring 9 is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time slope angle, and the reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly 8 adapts to the riding load, realizing dual-mode coordinated drive of self-weight assist and energy storage release.

[0057] The downhill energy storage mechanism described above has the following advantages:

[0058] (1) High energy recovery and utilization efficiency

[0059] High-efficiency energy storage: When braking downhill, the brake drum is linked to the planetary gear reduction mechanism by the handlebar cable, which drives the coil spring to coil and store energy, converting the kinetic energy of the bicycle downhill into elastic potential energy and effectively recovering the energy that was originally dissipated through friction braking during the downhill process.

[0060] Intelligent release: The release rate of the coil spring is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time slope angle, and the reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly adapts to the riding load, achieving dual-mode coordinated drive of weight-assisted assist and energy storage release. When going uphill, the stored energy can be released on demand to assist riding, thereby improving the overall energy utilization rate of the vehicle and significantly enhancing the range under complex road conditions.

[0061] (2) Compact and reasonable structure

[0062] Integrated design: The sun gear of the planetary gear reduction assembly is mounted on the rear support fork of the frame, the gear ring is connected to the coil spring, and the planetary gear reduction assembly is encapsulated inside the brake drum. The coil spring is protected by a spring cover on the outside. This integrated design makes the entire mechanism compact, without adding extra volume and weight, and without affecting the overall performance and riding stability of the bicycle.

[0063] The ingenious linkage design ensures that the brake pads and the planetary gear shaft of the planetary gear reduction assembly are linked, guaranteeing that the coiled spring stores energy synchronously during braking. Simultaneously, the handlebar cable controls the release of the coiled spring and the engagement of the brake pads, making operation simple, control precise, and improving riding safety and convenience.

[0064] (3) Good power assist effect

[0065] Torque amplification: The planetary gear reduction assembly can adaptively adjust the reduction ratio according to the riding load, so as to match the amplification factor of the energy storage spring torque with the riding load. This provides a more powerful driving torque when going uphill or when auxiliary power is needed, effectively reducing the rider's physical exertion. The advantages are more obvious, especially in climbing or carrying heavy loads.

[0066] Smooth Assist: The release rate of the energy storage spring is adjusted through a control algorithm to ensure smooth uphill assistance, avoid sudden power increases or interruptions, and improve the smoothness of riding and the handling experience.

[0067] The cross-sectional dimensions of the flat rectangular guide cylinder were optimized through finite element analysis to satisfy the constraint equations:

[0068]

[0069] d 2 x / dt 2 This represents the acceleration of the rack in the vertical direction, expressed in m / s². 2 ;

[0070] x represents the vertical displacement of the assist rack relative to its initial position, in meters;

[0071] t represents the time variable during the cycling process, in seconds;

[0072] F 总 The net force acting on the rack includes the vertical pressure exerted by the rider's weight, the compressive force of the return spring, and the resistance force, measured in Newtons (m). 齿条 The equivalent mass of the rack is expressed in kilograms; μ is the coefficient of friction between the rack and the guide cylinder; g is the acceleration due to gravity, taken as 9.81 m / s². 2 ;

[0073] Formula (1) ensures that the rack moves smoothly in the vertical direction without jamming and minimizes energy loss.

[0074] The reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly is dynamically adjusted using formula (2), i = 1 + Z 齿圈 / Z 太阳轮 (2); where Z 齿圈 and Z 太阳轮The number of teeth on the ring gear and sun gear are respectively used to match the amplification factor of the energy storage spring torque with the riding load.

[0075] The release rate of the energy storage spring is controlled by algorithm v. 释放 =α·sinθ+β adjustment, where θ is the real-time slope angle in radians, α is the slope sensitivity coefficient with a value range of 0.5 to 1.2, and β is the basic release rate, set to 0.2 to 0.5 m / s to ensure smooth uphill assistance.

[0076] The handle cable adopts a phased control, which prioritizes releasing the energy of the stored spring through the spring lock, and when fully closed, the linkage brake pads grip the brake drum.

[0077] The preload of the coiled spring is adjusted by the dynamic reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly, satisfying formula F. 预紧 =k·Δx 初始 ·i 动态 ;

[0078] Where k is the spring stiffness coefficient, in N / m, Δx_initial is the initial compression of the spring, in meters, and i 动态 To achieve real-time reduction ratio and adapt to different gradient requirements.

[0079] This invention also relates to a drive energy storage method based on a weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle, comprising the following steps:

[0080] (1) Self-weight assist drive steps: The rider's own weight compresses the return spring, which drives the assist rack to move vertically down along the flat square guide cylinder, causing the assist ratchet to drive the front drive shaft to rotate in one direction, thus converting the rider's weight into riding driving force.

[0081] (2) Downhill energy storage steps: When braking downhill, the brake drum is controlled by the handle cable to link with the planetary gear reduction assembly, which drives the coiling spring to coil and store energy, and the torque of the energy storage spring is amplified by the planetary gear reduction ratio.

[0082] This invention achieves a significant reduction in riding torque and an improvement in energy utilization efficiency through the coordinated operation of the following two core systems:

[0083] I. Working Principle of Weight-Assist Mechanism

[0084] 1. Body weight converted into driving force

[0085] Seat-rack linkage: When the rider sits down, the weight is transferred through the seat to the assist rack, compressing the return spring and forcing the rack to move vertically downward along the flat rectangular guide tube.

[0086] Ratchet unidirectional drive: When the rack moves down, its front end engages with the power ratchet, pushing the ratchet to rotate in one direction (through the built-in one-way clutch), driving the front drive shaft to rotate, directly using the weight of the human body to generate driving force.

[0087] Reverse freewheeling prevention: The one-way clutch ensures that power is transmitted only when the rack moves down, and the ratchet freewheels during pedaling or reset to avoid interference from reverse resistance.

[0088] 2. Motion Guidance and Energy Optimization

[0089] Flat rectangular guide cylinder: restricts the rack to move only vertically, eliminating frictional losses caused by lateral offset.

[0090] Return spring reset: When pedaling, the seat pressure decreases, and the return spring pushes the rack back to its original position, forming a periodic assist cycle.

[0091] II. Working Principle of Downhill Energy Storage Mechanism

[0092] 1. Downhill kinetic energy recovery

[0093] Braking and energy storage linkage: When going downhill, a light pull on the handlebar cable triggers the brake drum to rotate. The torque is amplified through the planetary gear reduction assembly (the sun gear is fixed and the gear ring is connected to the coiled spring), and the spring is compressed to store elastic potential energy.

[0094] Planetary gear reduction ratio: For example, a 4:1 gear ratio can amplify the input torque by 5 times, significantly improving energy storage efficiency.

[0095] 2. Energy storage release and coordinated control

[0096] Hill-start assist drive: When going uphill, the handlebar cable releases the spring lock, and the stored elastic potential energy drives the rear axle in the opposite direction through the planetary gears, releasing energy to assist riding.

[0097] Dynamic adjustment mechanism:

[0098] Slope-sensitive control: The spring release rate is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time slope angle; the greater the slope, the faster the release.

[0099] Load-adaptive reduction ratio: When the riding load increases, the reduction ratio is automatically increased to amplify the output torque and match the resistance requirements.

[0100] 3. Synergy between safety and energy efficiency

[0101] Phased braking control:

[0102] Light pulling phase: Prioritize releasing spring energy to assist riding and reduce physical exertion;

[0103] Fully closed stage: The brake pads grip the brake drum to achieve emergency braking and ensure safety.

[0104] Integrated packaging: The planetary gears and springs are packaged inside the brake drum and protected by an external spring cover, resulting in a compact structure that does not affect the traditional braking function.

[0105] III. Collaborative Workflow between Two Organizations

[0106] 1. Flat road riding: The weight assist system continuously converts body weight into driving force, reducing pedaling torque; the downhill energy storage system is in standby mode.

[0107] 2. Downhill braking: The rotation of the brake drum drives the planetary gear to compress the spring and store energy, thus recovering kinetic energy; when the handlebar is lightly pulled, some energy is released first to assist in speed control.

[0108] 3. Uphill or high-load scenarios:

[0109] The weight-assisted system provides the basic driving force;

[0110] The energy storage system dynamically releases energy according to the slope, and the planetary gear reduction ratio is adaptively adjusted.

[0111] The synergy of the two systems improves overall energy utilization and significantly reduces physical exertion.

[0112] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-weight-assisted and downhill energy-storage bicycle, comprising a frame, characterized in that, A downhill energy storage mechanism is installed on the vehicle body, which is located at the rear drive shaft of the vehicle body. The mechanism is used to store energy when going downhill and release it when going uphill to assist riding.

2. The self-weight-assisted and downhill energy-storage bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downhill energy storage mechanism includes a planetary gear reduction assembly, a brake drum, brake pads, a spring cover, and a spring lock. The planetary gear reduction assembly is installed on one side of the rear drive shaft. The sun gear of the planetary gear reduction assembly is mounted on the rear support fork of the vehicle body, and the ring gear of the planetary gear reduction assembly is connected to the coiled spring. A spring lock is also installed at the rear drive shaft. The planetary gear reduction assembly is encapsulated inside the brake drum, and the coiled spring is protected by the spring cover. The brake pads are linked to the planetary gear shaft of the planetary gear reduction assembly to ensure that the coiled spring stores energy synchronously during braking. The brake pads are located on the outside of the brake drum, and the brake drum is controlled by a handlebar cable to release the coiled spring and engage with the brake pads.

3. The self-weight-assisted and downhill energy-storage bicycle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The release rate of the coiled spring is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time slope angle, and the reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly adapts to the riding load, realizing dual-mode coordinated drive of self-weight assist and energy storage release.

4. The self-weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-sectional dimensions of the flat rectangular guide cylinder were optimized through finite element analysis to satisfy the constraint equations: d 2 x / dt 2 This indicates the acceleration of the rack in the vertical direction, expressed in m / s². 2 ; x represents the vertical displacement of the assist rack relative to its initial position, in meters; t represents the time variable during the cycling process, in seconds; F 总 The net force acting on the rack includes the vertical pressure exerted by the rider's weight, the compressive force of the return spring, and the resistance force, measured in Newtons (m). 齿条 The equivalent mass of the rack is expressed in kilograms; μ is the coefficient of friction between the rack and the guide cylinder; g is the acceleration due to gravity, taken as 9.81 m / s². 2 ; Formula (1) ensures that the rack moves smoothly in the vertical direction without jamming and minimizes energy loss.

5. The self-weight-assisted and downhill energy-storage bicycle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly is dynamically adjusted using formula (2), i = 1 + Z 齿圈 / Z 太阳轮 (2); where Z 齿圈 and Z 太阳轮 The number of teeth on the ring gear and sun gear are respectively used to match the amplification factor of the energy storage spring torque with the riding load.

6. The self-weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The release rate of the energy storage spring is controlled by algorithm v. 释放 =α·sinθ+β adjustment, where θ is the real-time slope angle in radians, α is the slope sensitivity coefficient with a value range of 0.5 to 1.2, and β is the basic release rate, set to 0.2 to 0.5 m / s to ensure smooth uphill assistance.

7. The self-weight-assisted and downhill energy-storage bicycle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The handle cable adopts a phased control, which prioritizes releasing the energy of the stored spring through the spring lock, and when fully closed, the linkage brake pads grip the brake drum.

8. The self-weight-assisted and downhill energy-storage bicycle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preload of the coiled spring is adjusted by the dynamic reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction assembly, satisfying formula F. 预紧 =k·Δx 初始 ·i 动态 ; Where k is the spring stiffness coefficient, in N / m, Δx_initial is the initial compression of the spring, in meters, and i 动态 To achieve real-time reduction ratio and adapt to different gradient requirements.

9. The self-weight-assisted and downhill energy-storage bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A power-assisted ratchet mechanism is also installed at the front drive shaft of the vehicle body to convert the rider's weight into driving force, reducing the torque required for riding. The power-assisted ratchet system includes a power-assisted ratchet, a one-way clutch, a power-assisted rack, a guide cylinder, and a return spring. The power-assisted ratchet is installed on one side of the front drive shaft. The power-assisted ratchet has a built-in one-way clutch and rotates synchronously with the front drive shaft. A power-assisted rack is engaged at the front end of the power-assisted ratchet. The upper part of the power-assisted rack passes through a flat rectangular guide cylinder mounted on the frame and is fixedly connected to the seat. The return spring is fitted on the power-assisted rack between the lower end of the seat and the guide cylinder. The rider's weight compresses the return spring, driving the power-assisted rack to move downward, which in turn drives the power-assisted ratchet to rotate the front drive shaft in one direction.

10. A driving energy storage method for a self-weight-assisted and downhill energy storage bicycle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Self-weight assist drive steps: The rider's own weight compresses the return spring, which drives the assist rack to move vertically down along the flat square guide cylinder, causing the assist ratchet to drive the front drive shaft to rotate in one direction, thus converting the rider's weight into riding driving force. (2) Downhill energy storage steps: When braking downhill, the brake drum is controlled by the handle cable to link with the planetary gear reduction assembly, which drives the coiling spring to coil and store energy, and the torque of the energy storage spring is amplified by the planetary gear reduction ratio.

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