Intelligent underground belt conveyor

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent underground belt conveyor, and relates to the technical field of underground coal mine transportation. A plurality of supporting rods arranged in a surrounding mode are supported in the left side of an adjustable barrel skin, a plurality of hydraulic rods arranged in a surrounding mode are supported in the right side of the adjustable barrel skin, and under hydraulic driving, the hydraulic rods are controlled to synchronously stretch out and draw back for adjustment; when the conveying belt deviates, the outer diameter of the right side of the roller can be adjusted, the driving force of the left side and the right side of the roller is adjusted by changing the size proportion of the outer diameters of the left side and the right side of the roller, automatic correction after deviation of the conveying belt is achieved, response is timely, and manual correction is not needed. And the stability and the high efficiency of the belt conveyor in underground intelligent coal mine transportation can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground coal mine transportation technology, and in particular to an intelligent underground belt conveyor. Background Technology

[0002] Belt conveyors are core conveying equipment in underground coal mining operations. They are responsible for the crucial task of efficiently transferring mined coal from the working face to storage or hoisting systems. The operational stability of belt conveyors directly determines the efficiency of underground mining transportation and the continuity of production.

[0003] Currently, the underground coal mining environment is complex. The coal loading process is easily affected by factors such as fluctuations in coal quantity at the working face, deviations in the positioning of the material drop point, and uneven coal particle size. This disrupts the stress and center of gravity balance of the conveyor belt during loading, making it prone to lateral deviation during continuous high-speed operation. This leads to abnormal friction between the edge of the conveyor belt and surrounding structures such as the conveyor frame, idlers, and coal retaining plates. If the deviation is not corrected in time, the increased offset may further cause serious malfunctions such as derailment, jamming, and tearing of the conveyor belt. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the deviation of the conveyor belt in the belt conveyor in a timely manner. Existing belt conveyors mostly rely on manual inspection to detect deviation problems and then manually adjust them. This has drawbacks such as slow response, low adjustment accuracy, and high labor costs, making it difficult to meet the requirements of stability and intelligence of transportation equipment under complex underground working conditions, thus affecting the progress of underground mining operations and transportation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing underground mining belt conveyors that require manual inspection and adjustment when the belt runs off-center due to skewed loading. This results in slow response, low adjustment accuracy, and high labor costs. Therefore, this invention proposes an intelligent underground belt conveyor.

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An intelligent downhole belt conveyor includes a frame, with transversely arranged rollers rotatably mounted at both the front and rear ends of the frame. A conveyor belt is driven between the two rollers. A servo motor for driving the rollers to rotate is fixedly mounted on the frame. Multiple evenly distributed idler roller assemblies are mounted on the frame and supported below the load-bearing section of the conveyor belt. Each roller includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the frame. A first bracket and a second bracket are fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft, respectively. Multiple circumferentially distributed support rods are fixedly mounted on the first bracket, and a first bearing seat is hinged to the end of each support rod away from the rotating shaft. Multiple circumferentially distributed hydraulic rods are fixedly mounted on the second bracket, and a second bearing seat is hinged to the piston rod of each hydraulic rod away from the rotating shaft. The multiple hydraulic rods correspond to the multiple support rods. An adjustable sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the first and second brackets and is connected to the multiple first and second bearing seats. The conveyor belt is driven and fitted on the outer side of the adjustable sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the idler assembly includes a roller frame fixedly connected to the frame, a first roller rotatably mounted at the middle position of the roller frame, and second rollers symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the first roller rotatably mounted on the roller frame. The end of the second roller away from the first roller is inclined upward. The first roller and the second roller are rolled and supported below the carrying section of the conveyor belt. Pressure sensors acting on the second rollers on the left and right sides are fixedly mounted on the roller frame.

[0008] Preferably, an oil passage is provided at the central axis position inside the rotating shaft, and an adapter that is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the frame. The oil passage is connected to the adapter, and a pipe joint that is connected to the inside of the oil passage is fixedly installed on the cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft.

[0009] Preferably, an auxiliary support mechanism is installed between the first bracket and the second bracket, and the auxiliary support mechanism includes multiple crossbars that are fixedly connected between the first bracket and the second bracket. The multiple crossbars are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft. A support rod and a hydraulic rod are respectively set at the left and right ends of a crossbar. A bushing is hinged inside the crossbar, and an auxiliary rod is slidably inserted inside the bushing. A third bearing is hinged to the end of the auxiliary rod away from the rotating shaft, and the third bearing is connected to an adjustable sleeve. A locking mechanism is installed inside the bushing.

[0010] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a chamber formed inside the bushing and fitted on the outside of the auxiliary rod, and an elastic ring is fixedly installed in the chamber and tightly clamped to the outside of the auxiliary rod. An oil inlet is fixedly installed on the bushing, and an oil inlet channel communicating with the chamber is opened inside the bushing. An oil outlet is fixedly installed on the bushing, and an oil outlet channel communicating with the chamber is opened inside the bushing. The oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel are respectively located on both sides of the elastic ring.

[0011] Preferably, multiple oil inlet channels are provided, which are distributed around the bushing. A first annular channel is opened around the bushing and communicates with the multiple oil inlet channels. The first annular channel is connected to the oil inlet interface. Multiple oil outlet channels are provided, which are distributed around the bushing. A second annular channel is opened around the bushing and communicates with the multiple oil outlet channels. The second annular channel is connected to the oil outlet interface.

[0012] Preferably, the oil inlet and outlet ports on multiple bushings are connected in series, the oil inlet port on the first bushing is connected to the pipe joint with a first solenoid valve, and the pipe joint is connected to multiple hydraulic rods with a second solenoid valve.

[0013] Preferably, a hydraulic sensor is connected to the oil outlet port on the last bushing.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustable cylindrical shell includes a cylindrical body with a C-shaped cross-section, and a first arc plate is fixedly connected to one side of the cylindrical body, and a second arc plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the cylindrical body and slides over the outside of the first arc plate. The cylindrical body, the first arc plate and the second arc plate together form a cylindrical structure. A through groove is opened on the first arc plate, and a tension spring elastically connected between the cylindrical body and the second arc plate is installed in the through groove.

[0015] Preferably, a straight rail is shared between the first, second, and third shaft seats located on the same straight line. Multiple straight rails are correspondingly arranged with multiple crossbars. The first shaft seat is firmly connected to the straight rails by rivets. The second and third shaft seats are slidably connected to the straight rails. One of the straight rails is fixedly connected to the first arc plate. Multiple arc-shaped rails arranged in a ring are fixedly installed on the inner end walls of the cylinder and the first arc plate. A locking block that is slidably connected to the arc-shaped rail is fixedly installed on the straight rail.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. In this invention, by supporting multiple surrounding support rods inside the left side of the adjustable drum skin and supporting multiple surrounding hydraulic rods inside the right side of the adjustable drum skin, the multiple hydraulic rods are synchronously extended and retracted under hydraulic drive. This allows the outer diameter of the right side of the drum to be adjusted when the conveyor belt deviates. By changing the size ratio of the outer diameters of the left and right sides of the drum, the driving force on the left and right sides of the drum is adjusted, thus achieving automatic correction of the conveyor belt deviation. The response is timely and no manual correction is required, which helps to ensure the stability and efficiency of the belt conveyor in underground coal mining.

[0018] 2. In this invention, by setting the auxiliary support mechanism in the middle position inside the drum, the middle position inside the adjustable cylinder can be supported, so that the adjustable cylinder remains stable after the outer diameter is adjusted. At the same time, by setting the locking mechanism inside the bushing, the elastic ring tightens the auxiliary rod under normal conditions, and the sliding restriction of the auxiliary rod is released after oil injection, so that stepless locking of the auxiliary rod can be easily realized, which is beneficial to improving the flexibility and stability of the auxiliary support mechanism in supporting the inside of the adjustable cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the adjustable drum skin after removal by the roller according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the auxiliary support mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the adjustable tube skin of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 Top view of the structure;

[0025] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Sectional view at point AA;

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Sectional view at point BB;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a top view of the roller of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Sectional view at CC;

[0029] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view at point F;

[0030] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of point G in the middle;

[0031] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 8 Sectional view at point DD;

[0032] Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 8 Sectional view at EE;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the hydraulic control process of the present invention.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 1. Frame; 11. Roller; 12. Conveyor belt; 13. Servo motor;

[0036] 2. Idler roller assembly; 21. Roller frame; 22. First roller; 23. Second roller;

[0037] 3. Rotating shaft; 31. First support; 32. Second support; 33. Support rod; 34. First shaft seat; 35. Hydraulic rod; 36. Second shaft seat; 37. Adjustable sleeve;

[0038] 4. Oil passage; 41. Adapter; 42. Pipe fitting;

[0039] 5. Crossbar; 51. Bushing; 52. Auxiliary rod; 53. Third bearing seat;

[0040] 600. Locking mechanism; 6. Chamber; 61. Elastic ring; 62. Oil inlet port; 63. Oil inlet channel; 64. First annular channel; 65. Oil outlet port; 66. Oil outlet channel; 67. Second annular channel;

[0041] 7. Cylinder body; 71. First arc plate; 72. Second arc plate; 73. Through groove; 74. Tension spring;

[0042] 8. Straight rail; 81. Curved rail; 82. Clamping block;

[0043] 9. Hydraulic pump; 91. First solenoid valve; 92. Second solenoid valve; 93. Hydraulic sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0045] Example: This example provides an intelligent underground belt conveyor. See [link to example]. Figure 1 - Figure 14Specifically, the system includes a frame 1, with horizontally arranged rollers 11 rotatably mounted at both the front and rear ends of the frame 1. A conveyor belt 12 is connected between the two rollers 11. A servo motor 13 for driving the rollers 11 to rotate is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. Multiple evenly distributed idler roller assemblies 2 are mounted on the frame 1, and the idler roller assemblies 2 are supported below the load-bearing section of the conveyor belt 12. The idler roller assembly 2 includes a roller frame 21 fixedly connected to the frame 1. A horizontally arranged first roller 22 is rotatably mounted at the middle position of the roller frame 21. Second rollers 23 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first roller 22 and rotatably mounted on the roller frame 21. The end of the second roller 23 away from the first roller 22 is inclined upward. The first roller 22 and the second roller 23 are rolled and supported below the load-bearing section of the conveyor belt 12. Pressure sensors acting on the second rollers 23 on the left and right sides are fixedly mounted on the roller frame 21.

[0046] The roller 11 includes a rotating shaft 3 rotatably connected to the frame 1. A first bracket 31 and a second bracket 32 ​​are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft 3, respectively. A plurality of support rods 33 are fixedly installed on the first bracket 31, and a first bearing seat 34 is hinged to the end of the support rod 33 away from the rotating shaft 3. A plurality of hydraulic rods 35 are fixedly installed on the second bracket 32, and a second bearing seat 36 is hinged to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 35 away from the rotating shaft 3. The plurality of hydraulic rods 35 are correspondingly arranged with the plurality of support rods 33. An adjustable cylindrical skin 37 is sleeved on the outside of the first bracket 31 and the second bracket 32, and the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 is connected to the plurality of first bearing seats 34 and second bearing seats 36. The conveyor belt 12 is driven and sleeved on the outside of the adjustable cylindrical skin 37.

[0047] When the device is in use, multiple probes are evenly distributed above the carrying section of the conveyor belt 12 on the frame 1, and the probes are tilted and pointing towards the top of the conveyor belt 12. The operation of the device can be monitored in real time through the probes, which makes it convenient for staff to remotely inspect the operation status of the device. By tilting the probes, the range of a single probe can be effectively increased, which helps to reduce the number of probes used and save on remote inspection costs.

[0048] In this device, the idler assembly 2 is supported below the carrying section of the conveyor belt 12. With the support of the first roller 22 and the second rollers 23 on the left and right sides, the cross section of the carrying section of the conveyor belt 12 presents a V-shaped structure with the left and right sides inclined upwards. During underground mining transportation, the coal loading position is set in the V-shaped cross section area of ​​the carrying section of the conveyor belt 12. Through the guidance of the inclined surfaces on the left and right sides, the coal is located in the middle of the top of the conveyor belt 12 during the loading process, which can effectively reduce the probability of the conveyor belt 12 running off-center due to the skewed loading position. When the coal is transported, the servo motor 13 is powered on and starts, driving the roller 11 connected to its drive shaft to rotate. The rotation of the roller 11 drives the conveyor belt 12 to rotate continuously, realizing the underground transportation operation of the coal. During this process, the pressure sensors on the roller frame 21 inside each idler assembly 2, which act on the second rollers 23 on the left and right sides, can monitor the force on the carrying section of the conveyor belt 12 during coal transportation in real time, which can facilitate the remote monitoring of the operation status of the device by the staff.

[0049] During operation, when the conveyor belt 12 deviates from its designated path, the data detected by the pressure sensors installed on the roller frame 21 in the corresponding idler assembly 2, acting on the second rollers 23 on both sides, changes instantaneously. Under normal circumstances, the pressure on the second rollers 23 on both sides is basically the same, and the fluctuation is within a stable range. When the conveyor belt 12 deviates to one side, the pressure on the second roller 23 at the corresponding position increases suddenly, while the pressure on the second roller 23 on the other side decreases significantly. By detecting the change in pressure on both sides, the pressure sensors automatically determine the direction of the conveyor belt 12's deviation. Based on the deviation, multiple hydraulic rods 35 are flexibly controlled to achieve automatic correction of the conveyor belt 12's deviation.

[0050] Multiple hydraulic rods 35 are connected to a hydraulic pump 9. The hydraulic pump 9 controls the extension and retraction of the piston rods of the multiple hydraulic rods 35. Since the multiple hydraulic rods 35 are arranged around the right side of the inner drum 11, when correcting the deviation of the conveyor belt 12, if the conveyor belt 12 deviates to the left, it is only necessary to control the piston rods of the multiple hydraulic rods 35 to extend outward, causing the outer diameter of the right side of the drum 11 to increase slightly. This makes the outer diameter of the right side of the drum 11 larger than that of the left side. According to the principle of circular motion, the increase in the outer diameter of the right side of the drum 11 leads to an increase in the linear velocity of that side, generating a greater driving force, forcing the conveyor belt 12 to deviate to the right and continue rotating. During the process, guided by the roller 11, the deviation of the left side of the conveyor belt 12 is corrected. After the conveyor belt 12 is corrected, the roller 11 returns to a state where the outer diameters of the left and right sides are consistent. Similarly, when the conveyor belt 12 deviates to the right, it is only necessary to operate the piston rods of multiple hydraulic rods 35 to retract, so that the outer diameter of the right side of the roller 11 is slightly reduced, making the outer diameter of the left side of the roller 11 larger than the outer diameter of the right end of the roller 11. During the continuous rotation, guided by the roller 11, the conveyor belt 12 shifts to the left, thus correcting the deviation of the right side of the conveyor belt 12. After the conveyor belt 12 is corrected, the roller 11 returns to a state where the outer diameters of the left and right sides are consistent.

[0051] The above-mentioned structural design allows the device to detect belt misalignment in a timely manner. Through feedback from pressure sensors within multiple idler roller assemblies 2, the device can accurately obtain the position and direction of belt misalignment. By controlling the extension and retraction of multiple hydraulic rods 35 piston rods within the drum 11, the device can adjust the ratio of the outer diameter of the left and right sides of the drum 11, thereby automatically correcting belt misalignment without the need for manual inspection and correction. This helps ensure the stability and efficiency of the belt conveyor in underground coal mining operations.

[0052] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 6 As shown, an oil passage 4 is provided at the central axis position inside the rotating shaft 3. An adapter 41 that is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating shaft 3 is fixedly installed on the frame 1. The oil passage 4 is connected to the adapter 41. A pipe joint 42 that is connected to the inside of the oil passage 4 is fixedly installed on the cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft 3. When the device is in use, the hydraulic oil interfaces of multiple hydraulic rods 35 are connected to the pipe joint 42, and the pumping interface and the sucking interface of the hydraulic oil pump are connected to the adapter 41. Through the oil circuit switching structure such as the electric control valve, the pumping interface of the hydraulic oil pump can be connected to the adapter 41, or the sucking interface of the hydraulic oil pump can be connected to the adapter 41.

[0053] Through the oil circuit connection between adapter 41, oil passage 4, and pipe joint 42, hydraulic oil can be pumped into or extracted from multiple hydraulic rods 35. When hydraulic oil is pumped into the hydraulic rod 35 under pressure, the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 35 extends outward, driving the outer diameter of the right side of the roller 11 to increase. When hydraulic oil is extracted from the hydraulic rod 35, the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 35 retracts, driving the outer diameter of the right side of the roller 11 to decrease. By controlling the amount of hydraulic oil pumped into or extracted, the extension and retraction length of the hydraulic rod 35 can be controlled. During the oil circuit connection process, the rotational connection of adapter 41 and oil passage 4 ensures that the rotation of the roller 11 does not affect the pumping into or extraction of hydraulic oil, which helps to ensure the stability of the device during operation.

[0054] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 2 - Figure 3 and Figure 9 - Figure 10 As shown, an auxiliary support mechanism is installed between the first bracket 31 and the second bracket 32. The auxiliary support mechanism includes multiple crossbars 5 that are fixedly connected between the first bracket 31 and the second bracket 32. The multiple crossbars 5 are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft 3. A support rod 33 and a hydraulic rod 35 are respectively set at the left and right ends of a crossbar 5. A bushing 51 is hinged inside the crossbar 5, and an auxiliary rod 52 is slidably inserted inside the bushing 51. A third bearing 53 is hinged to the end of the auxiliary rod 52 away from the rotating shaft 3, and the third bearing 53 is connected to the adjustable sleeve 37. A locking mechanism 600 is installed inside the bushing 51.

[0055] The locking mechanism 600 includes a chamber 6 formed within a bushing 51 and fitted around the outside of an auxiliary rod 52. An elastic ring 61 is fixedly installed around the chamber 6, tightly clamping the outside of the auxiliary rod 52. An oil inlet port 62 is fixedly installed on the bushing 51, and an oil inlet channel 63 communicating with the chamber 6 is formed within the bushing 51. An oil outlet port 65 is fixedly installed on the bushing 51, and an oil outlet channel 66 communicating with the chamber 6 is formed within the bushing 51. The oil inlet channel 63 and the oil outlet channel 66 are respectively located in… On both sides of the elastic ring 61, there are multiple oil inlet channels 63, which are distributed around the bushing 51. A first annular channel 64, which communicates with the multiple oil inlet channels 63, is opened around the bushing 51 and is connected to the oil inlet interface 62. There are multiple oil outlet channels 66, which are distributed around the bushing 51. A second annular channel 67, which communicates with the multiple oil outlet channels 66, is opened around the bushing 51 and is connected to the oil outlet interface 65.

[0056] When the device is in use, the left side of the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 inside the drum 11 is supported by multiple surrounding support rods 33, and the right side of the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 is supported by multiple surrounding hydraulic rods 35. When adjusting the outer diameter of the right side of the drum 11 using the hydraulic rods 35, in order to ensure the structural stability of the adjustable cylindrical skin 37, an auxiliary support structure is set in the middle position inside the drum 11 to support the adjustable cylindrical skin 37. When not adjusted, the elastic ring 61 in the locking mechanism 600 tightly binds the auxiliary rod 52, so that the auxiliary rod 52 is firmly held in the bushing 51. In this state, multiple auxiliary rods 52 can support the middle position of the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 from the inside, ensuring the structural stability of the drum 11 during the rotation of the conveyor belt 12.

[0057] When adjusting the outer diameter of the right side of the roller 11 using the hydraulic rod 35, the locking mechanism 600 needs to be released from locking the auxiliary rod 52 beforehand. During this process, the oil inlet 62 is connected to the pipe joint 42, and the hydraulic oil is pumped into the oil inlet 62 through the pipe joint 42. Under the surrounding connection of the first ring 64, it enters the chamber 6 through the numerous surrounding oil inlet channels 63. With the pressurized injection of hydraulic oil, the elastic ring 61 is pushed and deformed. The hydraulic oil travels between the elastic ring 61 and the auxiliary rod 52, and is discharged from the oil outlet 65 through the connection of the oil outlet channel 66 and the second ring 67. When the hydraulic oil travels between the elastic ring 61 and the auxiliary rod 52, the tight binding of the elastic ring 61 on the auxiliary rod 52 is released. In this state, the auxiliary rod 52 can slide flexibly in the bushing 51.

[0058] Subsequently, when the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 35 extends and retracts, the inner and outer diameters of the adjustable cylindrical shell 37 will change synchronously under the support or pulling of the hydraulic rod 35. Through the connection between the third bearing 53 and the adjustable cylindrical shell 37, the auxiliary rod 52 is driven to adjust synchronously and move within the bushing 51. After the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 35 is completed, the hydraulic oil in the chamber 6 is depressurized. After losing the support of the hydraulic oil, under the elastic reset of the elastic ring 61, the elastic ring 61 tightens again on the outside of the auxiliary rod 52, restricting the position of the auxiliary rod 52, so that the auxiliary rod 52 and the bushing 51 are firmly connected again. In this state, multiple auxiliary rods 52 provide stable auxiliary support for the adjustable cylindrical shell 37 from the middle position of the inner side, adaptively ensuring the structural stability of the roller 11 after adjustment.

[0059] In this device, when hydraulic oil is pressurized and injected into the chamber 6 through the oil inlet channel 63, it is connected by a first ring channel 64 arranged in a circle, and the oil inlet channel 63 is evenly distributed around it, so that the hydraulic oil can be more evenly injected into the chamber 6 under pressure, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the elastic ring 61 being pushed open by the hydraulic oil under pressure.

[0060] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 2 , Figure 9 and Figure 14 As shown, the oil inlet ports 62 and oil outlet ports 65 on multiple bushings 51 are connected in series. A first solenoid valve 91 connects the oil inlet port 62 on the first bushing 51 to the pipe connector 42. A second solenoid valve 92 connects the pipe connector 42 to multiple hydraulic rods 35. A hydraulic sensor 93 is connected to the oil outlet port 65 on the last bushing 51. When the device is in use, the oil circuits of the locking mechanisms 600 within the multiple bushings 51 are connected in series. When the locking mechanism 600 is released, the first solenoid valve 91 opens, and the second solenoid valve 92 closes, allowing pressure injection... The injected hydraulic oil acts centrally in the oil circuit of the locking mechanism 600. With the continuous injection of hydraulic oil, the pressurized hydraulic oil injected into the chamber 6 of the first locking mechanism 600 will be sequentially delivered to the other chambers 6 in series. By connecting the hydraulic sensor 93 to the oil outlet port 65 of the last locking mechanism 600, the pressure at the end of the oil circuit can be monitored. When the pressure at the end of the oil circuit of the locking mechanism 600 is detected to increase, it indicates that the pressurized hydraulic oil is acting sequentially in all chambers 6, ensuring that multiple locking mechanisms 600 have completed the unlocking operation.

[0061] In the unlocked state, the first solenoid valve 91 closes, keeping the oil circuit inside the locking mechanism 600 in a pressure-holding state, ensuring that the locking mechanism 600 remains in the unlocked state for an extended period. Then, the second solenoid valve 92 opens, connecting the oil circuit to the hydraulic rod 35 with the hydraulic oil pump. By pumping and withdrawing hydraulic oil from the hydraulic rod 35, the deviation of the conveyor belt 12 is corrected. After the adjustment of the hydraulic rod 35 is completed, the second solenoid valve 92 closes and the first solenoid valve 91 opens, releasing the pressurization injection of hydraulic oil into the chamber 6. With the elastic reset of the elastic ring 61, the auxiliary rod 52 is re-locked by the locking mechanism 600.

[0062] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 12As shown, the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 includes a cylindrical body 7 with a C-shaped cross-section. A first arc plate 71 is fixedly connected to one side of the cylindrical body 7, and a second arc plate 72, which slides and covers the outside of the first arc plate 71, is fixedly connected to the other side of the cylindrical body 7. The cylindrical body 7, the first arc plate 71, and the second arc plate 72 together form a cylindrical structure. A through groove 73 is provided on the first arc plate 71, and a tension spring 74 is installed in the through groove 73, which is elastically connected between the cylindrical body 7 and the second arc plate 72. When the device is in use, the cylindrical body 7, the first arc plate 71, and the second arc plate 72 constitute the main body of the adjustable cylindrical skin 37. The cylindrical body 7, the first arc plate 71, and the second arc plate 72 have a certain degree of elastic deformation capability. Furthermore, the first arc plate 71 and the second arc plate 72 can slide relative to each other. When the hydraulic rod 35 is used to support the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 from the inside right side of the roller 11, the right sides of the cylinder 7, the first arc plate 71, and the second arc plate 72 are supported outward. Through the evenly distributed support force, the right side of the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 can smoothly and roundly expand outward. When the hydraulic rod 35 is used to apply a contraction pull to the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 from the inside right side of the roller 11, the right sides of the cylinder 7, the first arc plate 71, and the second arc plate 72 are pulled inward. Through the evenly distributed pull force applied by multiple hydraulic rods 35, the right side of the adjustable cylindrical skin 37 can stably and roundly contract inward.

[0063] The variable structure formed by the cylinder 7, the first arc plate 71, and the second arc plate 72 ensures stable and smooth adjustment of the outer diameter of the roller 11 on both sides. Furthermore, the elastic tension applied between the second arc plate 72 and the cylinder 7 by the tension spring 74 effectively guarantees the stability of the cylindrical structure formed by the cylinder 7, the first arc plate 71, and the second arc plate 72. Figure 13 With the direction in the middle as a reference, during the conveying process of using the roller 11 to drive the conveyor belt 12, the rotation of the roller 11 in its normal state needs to be kept in a counterclockwise state. This ensures that when the second arc plate 72 contacts the conveyor belt 12 and drives its rotation, it will not cause the second arc plate 72 and the first arc plate 71 to separate abnormally due to excessive force. Instead, it will make the second arc plate 72 and the first arc plate 71 fit more tightly, ensuring the stability of the equipment during operation.

[0064] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 9 , Figure 11 - Figure 13As shown, a straight rail 8 is shared between the first bearing 34, the second bearing 36, and the third bearing 53, which are located on the same straight line. Multiple straight rails 8 are correspondingly arranged with multiple crossbars 5. The first bearing 34 is firmly connected to the straight rail 8 by rivets, and the second bearing 36 and the third bearing 53 are slidably connected to the straight rail 8. One of the straight rails 8 is fixedly connected to the first arc plate 71. Multiple circumferential arc-shaped rails 81 are fixedly installed on the inner end walls of the cylinder 7 and the first arc plate 71. A locking block 82 is fixedly installed on the straight rail 8 and slidably connected to the arc-shaped rail 81. When the device is in use, the cylinder 7, the first arc plate 71, and the multiple straight rails 8 are slidably connected in the radial direction through the cooperation of the multiple circumferential arc-shaped rails 81 and the locking block 82. The sliding connection between the second bearing 36, the third bearing 53, and the corresponding straight rail 8 allows the adjustable cylinder skin 37 to move flexibly and smoothly when the outer diameter of the right end of the drum 11 is adjusted by means of the extension and retraction of multiple hydraulic rods 35. At the same time, by firmly connecting one of the straight rails 8 to the first arc plate 71, the axial connection of the adjustable cylinder skin 37 is stable during the rotation of the drum 11. By firmly connecting the first bearing 34 hinged on the surrounding support rods 33 to the corresponding straight rail 8, the axial connection of the adjustable cylinder skin 37 is stable during the rotation of the drum 11, preventing the adjustable cylinder skin 37 from spinning freely or tilting during the rotation of the drum 11, thus effectively ensuring the stability of the device during operation.

[0065] Specifically, the working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0066] Pressure sensors on the roller frames 21 within each idler assembly 2, acting on the second rollers 23 on both sides, monitor the forces acting on the conveyor belt 12 during coal transport in real time. When the conveyor belt 12 deviates to one side, the pressure on the corresponding second roller 23 increases suddenly, while the pressure on the other second roller 23 decreases significantly. The pressure sensors on both sides detect this change in pressure and automatically determine the direction of deviation. When the conveyor belt 12 deviates to the left, the piston rods of multiple hydraulic rods 35 extend outward, slightly increasing the outer diameter of the right side of the roller 11, forcing the conveyor belt 12 to shift to the right to correct its deviation. The piston rods of multiple hydraulic rods 35 are contracted, causing the outer diameter of the right side of the roller 11 to decrease slightly, making the outer diameter of the left side of the roller 11 larger than the outer diameter of the right end of the roller 11. This forces the conveyor belt 12 to shift to the left for correction. After the conveyor belt 12 is corrected, the roller 11 returns to a state where the outer diameters of the left and right ends are the same. The auxiliary support mechanism is set in the middle position inside the roller 11. When using the hydraulic rods 35 to adjust the outer diameter of the right side of the roller 11, the locking mechanism 600 needs to be released from locking the auxiliary rod 52 in advance. After the adjustment is completed, the locking mechanism 600 is released from locking the auxiliary rod 52. With the support of the auxiliary rod 52, the adjustable drum skin 37 maintains a stable structure after the outer diameter is adjusted.

[0067] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent underground belt conveyor, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) has horizontally arranged rollers (11) rotatably mounted at both ends. A conveyor belt (12) is connected between the two rollers (11). A servo motor (13) for driving the rollers (11) to rotate is fixedly mounted on the frame (1). Multiple evenly distributed idler roller assemblies (2) are mounted on the frame (1), and the idler roller assemblies (2) are supported below the bearing section of the conveyor belt (12). The roller (11) includes a rotating shaft (3) rotatably connected to the frame (1). A first bracket (31) and a second bracket (32) are fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft (3), respectively. Multiple surrounding rollers are fixedly mounted on the first bracket (31). The support rods (33) are distributed, and the end of the support rod (33) away from the rotating shaft (3) is hinged to the first bearing seat (34). The second bracket (32) is fixedly installed with a plurality of hydraulic rods (35) distributed around it, and the piston rod of the hydraulic rod (35) away from the rotating shaft (3) is hinged to the second bearing seat (36). The plurality of hydraulic rods (35) are correspondingly arranged with the plurality of support rods (33). The outer side of the first bracket (31) and the second bracket (32) is fitted with an adjustable cylindrical skin (37), and the adjustable cylindrical skin (37) is connected to the plurality of first bearing seats (34) and second bearing seats (36). The conveyor belt (12) is driven and fitted on the outer side of the adjustable cylindrical skin (37).

2. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The idler assembly (2) includes a roller frame (21) fixedly connected to the frame (1). A first roller (22) is rotatably mounted in the middle position of the roller frame (21). A second roller (23) is symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the first roller (22). The end of the second roller (23) away from the first roller (22) is inclined upward. The first roller (22) and the second roller (23) are rolled and supported below the bearing section of the conveyor belt (12). Pressure sensors acting on the second rollers (23) on the left and right sides are fixedly mounted on the roller frame (21).

3. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil passage (4) is provided at the center axis position inside the rotating shaft (3). A converter (41) that is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating shaft (3) is fixedly installed on the frame (1). The oil passage (4) is connected to the converter (41). A pipe joint (42) that is connected to the inside of the oil passage (4) is fixedly installed on the cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft (3).

4. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary support mechanism is installed between the first bracket (31) and the second bracket (32), and the auxiliary support mechanism includes multiple crossbars (5) that are fixedly connected between the first bracket (31) and the second bracket (32). The multiple crossbars (5) are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft (3). A support rod (33) and a hydraulic rod (35) are respectively set at the left and right ends of a crossbar (5). A bushing (51) is hinged inside the crossbar (5), and an auxiliary rod (52) is slidably inserted inside the bushing (51). A third bearing (53) is hinged to the end of the auxiliary rod (52) away from the rotating shaft (3), and the third bearing (53) is connected to an adjustable sleeve (37). A locking mechanism (600) is installed inside the bushing (51).

5. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (600) includes a chamber (6) opened inside the bushing (51) and sleeved on the outside of the auxiliary rod (52), and an elastic ring (61) is fixedly installed in the chamber (6) and is tightly clamped to the outside of the auxiliary rod (52). An oil inlet port (62) is fixedly installed on the bushing (51). An oil inlet channel (63) communicating with the chamber (6) is opened in the bushing (51). An oil outlet port (65) is fixedly installed on the bushing (51). An oil outlet channel (66) communicating with the chamber (6) is opened in the bushing (51). The oil inlet channel (63) and the oil outlet channel (66) are respectively located on both sides of the elastic ring (61).

6. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple oil inlet channels (63) are provided, and the multiple oil inlet channels (63) are distributed around the bushing (51). A first annular channel (64) is opened around the bushing (51) and communicates with the multiple oil inlet channels (63). The first annular channel (64) is connected to the oil inlet interface (62). Multiple oil outlet channels (66) are provided, and the multiple oil outlet channels (66) are distributed around the bushing (51). A second annular channel (67) is opened around the bushing (51) and communicates with the multiple oil outlet channels (66). The second annular channel (67) is connected to the oil outlet interface (65).

7. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oil inlet ports (62) and oil outlet ports (65) on the multiple bushings (51) are connected in series. The oil inlet port (62) on the first bushing (51) is connected to the pipe joint (42) with a first solenoid valve (91). The pipe joint (42) is connected to the multiple hydraulic rods (35) with a second solenoid valve (92).

8. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 7, characterized in that: A hydraulic sensor (93) is connected to the oil outlet port (65) on the last bushing (51).

9. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable cylindrical shell (37) includes a cylindrical body (7) with a C-shaped cross-section, and a first arc plate (71) is fixedly connected to one side of the cylindrical body (7). A second arc plate (72) is fixedly connected to the other side of the cylindrical body (7) and slides over the outside of the first arc plate (71). The cylindrical body (7), the first arc plate (71), and the second arc plate (72) together form a cylindrical structure. A through groove (73) is provided on the first arc plate (71), and a tension spring (74) is installed in the through groove (73) and elastically connected between the cylindrical body (7) and the second arc plate (72).

10. The intelligent underground belt conveyor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first shaft seat (34), the second shaft seat (36) and the third shaft seat (53) located on the same straight line share a straight rail (8). Multiple straight rails (8) are correspondingly arranged with multiple crossbars (5). The first shaft seat (34) and the straight rail (8) are firmly connected by rivets. The second shaft seat (36) and the third shaft seat (53) are slidably connected to the straight rail (8). One of the straight rails (8) is fixedly connected to the first arc plate (71). Multiple arc-shaped rails (81) arranged around the inner end wall of the cylinder (7) and the first arc plate (71) are fixedly installed. A locking block (82) that is slidably connected to the arc-shaped rail (81) is fixedly installed on the straight rail (8).

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