Biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupling integrated equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupling integrated equipment which comprises a high-temperature heat storage box body, and a box chamber of the high-temperature heat storage box body is composed of a carbonization chamber arranged in the middle of the lower layer, heat insulation protection chambers located on the left side and the right side of the carbonization chamber and a heat energy combustion chamber located above the carbonization chamber. The top of the carbonization chamber is communicated with the bottom of the heat energy combustion chamber, the heat energy combustion chamber is connected with a tail gas combustion box body, a biomass carbonization box body is erected in the carbonization chamber, two log dry distillation carbonization box bodies which are arranged in parallel are erected in the heat energy combustion chamber, and the two log dry distillation carbonization box bodies are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side above the biomass carbonization box body; the biomass carbonization box body is provided with a first pyrolysis gas release pipe, the log dry distillation carbonization box body is provided with a second pyrolysis gas release pipe, the biomass carbonization box body is provided with a first feeding and discharging device and a material rotating mechanism located in the box body, and the log dry distillation carbonization box body is provided with a second feeding and discharging device. According to the invention, synchronous and efficient production of biomass charcoal and raw charcoal can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass carbonization energy utilization technology, specifically to a rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment for biomass and logs. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass carbonization technology is a type of biomass thermochemical conversion technology. It involves heating chopped or shaped biomass raw materials in a limited or oxygen-free environment to cause internal molecular decomposition, resulting in biochar, wood vinegar, wood tar, and non-condensable gaseous products. Biochar can be used as a high-quality energy source, soil conditioner, reducing agent, slow-release fertilizer carrier, and carbon dioxide sequestration agent, and is widely applied in carbon sequestration and emission reduction, water purification, heavy metal adsorption, and soil improvement. It can offer solutions to global concerns such as climate change, environmental pollution, and soil degradation, thus the production and application of biochar have attracted widespread attention both domestically and internationally.

[0003] The earliest carbonization devices appeared in the form of kilns, typically earthen or brick kilns. Biomass raw materials such as weeds, straw, dead branches, and fallen leaves were filled into the kiln, and the heat required for the carbonization process was provided by the combustion of fuel inside the kiln. The kiln was then sealed, and the biomass was smoldered in an oxygen-deficient environment and slowly cooled inside the kiln, eventually producing charcoal. However, this method of charcoal production had problems such as a long carbonization cycle, difficulty in controlling the carbonization process, and unstable charcoal quality.

[0004] To shorten the charcoal-making cycle, various mechanical charcoal-making furnaces have emerged. These furnaces can significantly reduce the cycle time. However, currently available biomass carbonization furnaces are complex in structure, bulky, and very expensive. They also suffer from drawbacks such as long carbonization cycles, low output, inability to perform continuous pyrolysis carbonization, and difficulty in treating the tar produced after carbonization. Furthermore, most existing carbonization devices use electric heating or natural gas to heat the furnace, resulting in significant energy and natural gas consumption. Regarding the large amount of flue gas generated during carbonization, some methods simply discharge it as waste, wasting resources and polluting the environment. Other methods involve cooling the flue gas and recovering the tar, but cooling is often incomplete, leading to insufficient tar recovery. Generally, about 5% wood tar is produced during biomass carbonization, and this wood tar, due to its complex composition, is difficult to reuse. Existing technologies often employ distillation to refine wood tar. For example, Chinese patent document CN103756702A discloses a method for refining and purifying wood tar. This method uses vacuum distillation to collect the gasifiable components in the wood tar, which are then condensed, adsorbed with activated carbon, and used as biofuel. The distillation residue is used to produce wood pitch. Chinese patent CN107739626A discloses a refining method for high-value utilization of wood tar. This method first filters the wood tar to remove mechanical impurities, then distills the filtrate to separate the components, collecting the fraction at 170–230°C to obtain crude phenol raw materials that can be used to refine fine chemicals such as phenol and cresol. However, the distillation process in the aforementioned patent documents is energy-intensive, and wood tar is prone to polymerization and coking, resulting in resource waste. Mechanical impurities and condensed coke can also clog pipelines and damage equipment.

[0005] Another prominent issue is that most existing carbonization equipment has a simple structure, only capable of carbonizing biomass pellets, resulting in significant heat loss during the carbonization process. In contrast, log charcoal, a high-density solid wood charcoal, is a pure natural charcoal made from whole pieces of wood in an oxygen-deficient environment. It has high density, long burning time, high calorific value, low ash content, and produces a unique wood aroma when burned. Log charcoal (especially fruitwood charcoal) provides stable and sustained high temperatures and imparts a unique smoky flavor to food, making it popular in professional barbecues and high-end restaurants. Research reveals that there are currently no precedents for efficiently integrating agricultural and forestry solid waste carbonization and log carbonization into a single, coupled processing system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned technologies, this invention provides a rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated device for biomass and logs.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned technical effects is as follows:

[0008] A rapid carbonization and pyrolysis coupling integrated device for biomass and logs includes a closed, insulated box. The box is composed of a high-temperature heat storage box and a tail gas combustion box. The high-temperature heat storage box consists of a centrally located lower carbonization chamber, heat-insulated protective chambers on either side of the carbonization chamber, and a thermal combustion chamber above the carbonization chamber. The top of the carbonization chamber is open and communicates with the bottom of the thermal combustion chamber. The thermal combustion chamber is connected to the tail gas combustion box. A biomass carbonization box is mounted within the carbonization chamber. The thermal combustion chamber is equipped with two parallel log carbonization boxes, which are positioned above the biomass carbonization box on the left and right sides. Each biomass carbonization box is equipped with a first pyrolysis gas release pipe and a second pyrolysis gas release pipe. The biomass carbonization box is equipped with a first feeding and discharging device and a material rotation mechanism located inside the box. The log carbonization box is equipped with a second feeding and discharging device. The high-temperature heat storage box is connected to an igniter, an adjustable air inlet, and a natural gas inlet valve.

[0009] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment, the biomass carbonization box is a long straight section of metal heat-conducting box, one end of which is located outside the high-temperature heat storage box, forming the inlet and outlet end, and the other end is closed and completely located in the carbonization chamber. The first inlet and outlet device includes an inlet and an outlet located at the top and bottom of the inlet and outlet end, respectively. The inlet and the outlet have a longitudinally staggered distance. The inlet is connected to a biomass feed hopper, and the outlet is connected to a carbon discharge auger.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment, the biomass carbonization box is provided with a drive sprocket and a driven sprocket at both ends of its interior. The drive sprocket is located at the inlet and outlet end, and the driven sprocket is located at the other closed end. The material rotation mechanism includes a closed-loop rotating rotary chain plate. The two ends of the rotary chain plate are sleeved on the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket. Inside the biomass carbonization box, a material tray is also provided between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket to divide the internal space of the biomass carbonization box into upper and lower layered spaces. The upper chain plate section of the rotary chain plate is laid on the material tray.

[0011] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment, the rotary chain plate includes a chain and scrapers fixed at equal intervals on the chain.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment, the log dry distillation and carbonization box is a long straight section of metal heat-conducting box. One end of the box is located outside the high-temperature heat storage box, forming the feed end, and the other end is open and communicates with the lower space of the exhaust gas combustion box, forming the log charcoal outlet. The log charcoal outlet is connected to a discharge pipe, which is located below the exhaust gas combustion box. A discharge gate is provided at the log charcoal outlet. At the feed end of the log dry distillation and carbonization box, a hydraulic pusher and a log material feed inlet are respectively provided on the front panel and the top panel of the box. The stroke direction of the hydraulic pusher is the same as the length direction of the log dry distillation and carbonization box, and a feed gate is provided on the log material feed inlet.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation carbonization coupled integrated equipment, the upper part of the tail gas combustion box is provided with a tail gas combustion chamber, the tail end of the high temperature heat storage box is connected to the tail gas combustion chamber through a tail gas connection port, and the top of the tail gas combustion chamber is provided with an exhaust gas discharge pipe and an exhaust gas discharge gate valve for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust gas discharge pipe.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation carbonization coupled integrated equipment, the interior of the chamber is provided with a heat-insulating lining assembly composed of ceramic fiber compressed blocks. The heat-insulating lining assembly includes a bottom lining at the bottom of the chamber, "L"-shaped lower linings on the left and right sides of the bottom lining, side linings located at the outer edge of the lower linings, and a top lining at the top of the chamber. The bottom lining and the two lower linings enclose the carbonization chamber. The top lining, the two side linings, and the two lower linings enclose the thermal combustion chamber. The lower lining and the chamber wall of the high-temperature heat storage box enclose the heat-insulating protection chamber.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment, temperature sensing probes are respectively connected to the carbonization chamber and the thermal combustion chamber.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment, the high-temperature heat storage box is equipped with a wall-mounted control box at the feed end near the log dry distillation and carbonization box.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment, both the biomass carbonization box and the log dry distillation and carbonization box are made of 253MA high temperature resistant steel.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a biomass carbonization chamber within the carbonization chamber to perform gradient pyrolysis of biomass materials under oxygen-deficient conditions. Simultaneously, it generates biochar products and outputs high-temperature pyrolysis gas, providing preheating and pyrolysis gas supplementary combustion energy to the log dry distillation carbonization chamber in the thermal combustion chamber. The two log dry distillation carbonization chambers operate through a circulating feeding process, producing high-quality log charcoal. The released pyrolysis gas can be exported to the thermal combustion chamber and the carbonization chamber for self-sustaining combustion, achieving a coupled thermal energy cycle. This significantly reduces natural gas consumption. The flue gas, tar, and wood acetate generated during carbonization are 100% converted into heat energy through high-temperature gasification and combustion, resulting in no liquid pollution, high efficiency, and improved thermal energy utilization. This equipment can greatly shorten the production cycle of log charcoal products. Specifically, the production cycle of steel charcoal is reduced from 900 hours to 3 hours, a 90% reduction, and the forming time of chrysanthemum charcoal is reduced from 168 hours to 3 hours, a 60% reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of the invention at the feed end;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the invention at the raw charcoal discharge end;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the interior of the housing of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at point "AA" in the middle;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the biomass carbonization box and the log dry distillation carbonization box described in this invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the biomass carbonization box described in this invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the biomass carbonization box described in this invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the biomass carbonization box described in this invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is an assembly diagram of the rotating chain plate and the drive sprocket inside the biomass carbonization box described in this invention;

[0030] Figure 12This is a perspective view of the log dry distillation and carbonization box body described in this invention;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the log dry distillation and carbonization box of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To provide a further understanding of the present invention, the invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a coupled integrated device for rapid dry distillation and carbonization of biomass and logs. This device includes a closed, insulated housing 1, which is composed of a high-temperature heat storage housing 11 and a tail gas combustion housing 12 connected together. Wherein, as... Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the high-temperature heat storage box 11's chamber 111 consists of a carbonization chamber 1111 centrally located at the bottom, heat-insulating protective chambers 1112 located on the left and right sides of the carbonization chamber 1111, and a thermal combustion chamber 1113 located above the carbonization chamber 1111. Specifically, as... Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the top of the carbonization chamber 1111 has an open structure, and its top is connected to the bottom of the thermal combustion chamber 1113. The thermal combustion chamber 1113 is connected to the exhaust gas combustion box 12. A biomass carbonization box 2 is installed in the carbonization chamber 1111. This biomass carbonization box 2 is used to carbonize biomass pellets processed from agricultural and forestry solid waste under anaerobic conditions at high temperatures to produce biochar products. Figure 6As shown, there are two log dry distillation and carbonization boxes 3 arranged in parallel in the thermal energy combustion chamber 1113. The two log dry distillation and carbonization boxes 3 are respectively located on the upper left and right sides of the biomass carbonization box 2, and the three are in a "pin" shape in terms of spatial position. To more clearly show the positional relationship among the three, specifically see Figure 7 shown, which shows a three-dimensional view of the biomass carbonization box 2 and the two log dry distillation and carbonization boxes 3. From Figure 6 and Figure 7 it can be seen that there is a spacing between the two log dry distillation and carbonization boxes 3 that is greater than the box width of the biomass carbonization box 2, and the biomass carbonization box 2 is located below the spacing between the two log dry distillation and carbonization boxes 3. As Figure 6 shown, both the biomass carbonization box 2 and the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 are fixed by support feet. There is a suspension between the bottom of the biomass carbonization box 2 and the bottom of the carbonization chamber 1111, and there is also an interval space between the two sides of the biomass carbonization box 2 and the side walls of the carbonization chamber 1111. There is a suspension between the bottom of the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 and the bottom of the thermal energy combustion chamber 1113, and there is also an interval space between the side and top of the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 and the side wall and top wall of the thermal energy combustion chamber 1113.

[0036] As Figure 4 shown, the biomass carbonization box 2 is provided with a first pyrolysis gas release pipe 6, and the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 is provided with a second pyrolysis gas release pipe 7. The pyrolysis gas generated when the biomass material is carbonized under high temperature in the biomass carbonization box 2 is released into the thermal energy combustion chamber 1113 through the first pyrolysis gas release pipe 6. The released high-temperature pyrolysis gas can provide preheating and combustion for the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3, promoting the temperature rise in the high-temperature heat storage box 11. Similarly, the pyrolysis gas generated when the log material is carbonized under high temperature in the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 is released into the thermal energy combustion chamber 1113 through the second pyrolysis gas release pipe 7. The released pyrolysis gas can self-ignite in the high-temperature heat storage box 11, continuously providing heat energy for the box.

[0037] The biomass carbonization box 2 is equipped with a first feeding and discharging device and a material rotation mechanism located inside the box. The first feeding and discharging device feeds biomass material into the biomass carbonization box 2, where it is carbonized. The produced biochar product is then discharged from the biomass carbonization box 2 via the first feeding and discharging device. Throughout the process, both the biomass material and the biochar are driven by the material rotation mechanism. The log dry distillation carbonization box 3 is equipped with a second feeding and discharging device. The second feeding and discharging device pushes log segments into the log dry distillation carbonization box 3. Under the action of an oxygen-deficient high-temperature environment, the log segments form log char product, which is then discharged via the second feeding and discharging device. In the embodiments of the present invention, the feeding end and the discharging end of the biomass carbonization box 2 are located at the same end of the box, while the feeding end and the discharging end of the log dry distillation carbonization box 3 are located at the front and rear ends of the log dry distillation carbonization box 3, respectively. Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the high-temperature heat storage box 11 is connected to an igniter 4, an adjustable air inlet 41, and a natural gas inlet valve. Initially, the natural gas inlet valve supplies natural gas into the high-temperature heat storage box 11, while the adjustable air inlet 41 supplies air. The igniter 4 then ignites the natural gas, causing it to burn inside the box. This preheats the biomass carbonization box 2 and the log carbonization box 3 within the high-temperature heat storage box 11 until their internal temperatures reach 400°C. Then, the natural gas supply stops, the igniter 4 stops working, and the first feeding / discharging device starts, supplying biomass material to the biomass carbonization box 2. Under the high-temperature, oxygen-deficient conditions inside the biomass carbonization box 2, the biomass material rapidly releases pyrolysis gas and undergoes anaerobic carbonization. To prevent natural gas and pyrolysis gas inside the high-temperature heat storage box 11 from overflowing outward from the adjustable air inlet 41, the adjustable air inlet 41 adopts a one-way air inlet valve, so that air can only enter the box from the outside in one direction.

[0038] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the biomass carbonization box 2 is a long, straight metal heat-conducting box. One end of it is located outside the high-temperature heat storage box 11, forming the inlet and outlet end, while the other end is closed and completely located within the carbonization chamber 1111. Specifically, as... Figure 4 As shown, the first feeding and discharging device includes a feed inlet 24 and a discharge outlet 25 located at the top and bottom of the feeding and discharging ends, respectively. The feed inlet 24 and discharge outlet 25 are longitudinally offset, specifically, the feed inlet 24 is closer to the high-temperature heat storage tank 11 than the discharge outlet 25. The feed inlet 24 is connected to a biomass feed hopper 21, and the discharge outlet 25 is connected to a carbon discharge auger 22.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, the biomass carbonization chamber 2 has a driving sprocket 26 and a driven sprocket 27 at both ends of its interior. The driving sprocket 26 is located at the inlet and outlet ends, and the driven sprocket 27 is located at the other closed end. Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a support frame 13 is provided at the front end of the high-temperature heat storage box 11. The feed end of the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 and the feed and discharge ends of the biomass carbonization box 2 are respectively fixed on the support frame 13. A motor 23 is also provided at the bottom of the support frame 13 and is connected to the drive sprocket 26 via chain drive.

[0040] like Figure 9 As shown, the material rotation mechanism includes a closed-loop rotating rotary chain plate 28, with both ends of the rotary chain plate 28 sleeved on the driving sprocket 26 and the driven sprocket 27. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, inside the biomass carbonization box 2, between the active sprocket 26 and the passive sprocket 27, there is a material tray 29 that divides the internal space of the biomass carbonization box 2 into two layered spaces, wherein the upper chain plate segment of the rotating chain plate 28 is laid on the material tray 29. When the motor 23 drives the rotary chain plate 28 to rotate, the biomass material entering the biomass carbonization box 2 through the feed port 24 falls onto the material tray 29. The rotating rotary chain plate 28 drives the biomass material on the material tray 29 to move at a constant speed towards the passive sprocket 27. After passing the passive sprocket 27, since the passive sprocket 27 rotates at that point, the biomass material falls into the lower space of the biomass carbonization box 2. It is then carried back to the feed and discharge end of the biomass carbonization box 2, i.e., the drive sprocket 26 end, by the lower chain plate laid at the bottom of the biomass carbonization box 2. Then, it falls from the discharge port 25 into the carbon discharge auger 22, where biomass char is discharged. Specifically, as an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the rotary chain plate 28 includes a chain 281 and scrapers 282 fixed at equal intervals on the chain 281. The chain 281 is a single chain and is centrally located.

[0041] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 is a long, straight metal heat-conducting box. One end is located outside the high-temperature heat storage box 11, forming the feed end, while the other end is open and connected to the lower space of the exhaust gas combustion box 12, forming the log charcoal outlet 34. Wherein, as... Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the raw charcoal outlet 34 is connected to a discharge pipe 32, which is located below the exhaust gas combustion chamber 12. A discharge gate (not shown) is installed at the raw charcoal outlet 34. When the log material is sealed and subjected to high-temperature treatment, the discharge gate at the raw charcoal outlet 34 is closed. After the carbonization process of the log material is complete, the discharge gate at the raw charcoal outlet 34 opens, and the raw charcoal falls from the opened outlet 34 into the discharge pipe 32.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic pusher 31 and a log material inlet 33 are respectively provided on the front panel and top panel of the log carbonization box 3 at the feeding end of the box. The stroke direction of the hydraulic pusher 31 is the same as the length direction of the log carbonization box 3, and a feeding gate (not shown in the figure) is provided on the log material inlet 33. When filling the log carbonization box 3 with log segments, the log segments need to be repeatedly fed into the log material inlet 33, and then the hydraulic pusher 31 pushes the fed log segments toward the log charcoal outlet 34. Through repeated feeding and pushing, the log segments can be filled into the log carbonization box 3. In an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic pusher 31 constitutes the second feeding and discharging device, and its hydraulic thrust load is designed to be 3 tons.

[0043] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the upper part of the exhaust gas combustion chamber 12 is provided with an exhaust gas combustion chamber 121. The tail end of the high-temperature heat storage chamber 11 is connected to the exhaust gas combustion chamber 121 through an exhaust gas connection port 113. The top of the exhaust gas combustion chamber 121 is provided with an exhaust gas emission pipe 14 and an exhaust gas emission gate valve 13 for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust gas emission pipe 14. To avoid incomplete combustion of the exhaust gas, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust gas combustion chamber 12 is also equipped with an igniter 4 and an adjustable air inlet 41. The adjustable air inlet 41 is connected to the exhaust gas combustion chamber 121, and the exhaust gas can be ignited and supplemented through the igniter 4. In order to realize the recovery and utilization of waste heat, the high-temperature flue gas emitted from the exhaust gas emission pipe 14 can also be introduced into the material dehydration and drying chamber to perform pre-dehydration and drying treatment on the material to be carbonized.

[0044] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6As shown, the interior of chamber 111 is equipped with a heat-insulating lining assembly 112 made of ceramic fiber compressed blocks. This heat-insulating lining assembly 112 includes a bottom lining at the bottom of chamber 111, "L"-shaped lower side linings 1121 on the left and right sides of the bottom lining, side linings 1122 located at the outer edge of the lower side linings 1121, and a top lining 1123 at the top of chamber 111. The bottom lining and the two lower side linings 1121 enclose a carbonization chamber 1111. The top lining 1123, the two side linings 1122, and the two lower side linings 1121 enclose a thermal combustion chamber 1113. The lower side lining 1121 and the wall of the high-temperature heat storage box 11 enclose a heat-insulating protective chamber 1112. Temperature sensors are connected to the carbonization chamber 1111 and the thermal combustion chamber 1113, specifically, thermocouples are used as the temperature sensors. To achieve automatic operation of the equipment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the high-temperature heat storage box 11 is equipped with a wall-mounted control box 5 near the feed end of the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3. The temperature sensor, igniter 4, adjustable air inlet 41, natural gas inlet valve, material rotation mechanism of biomass carbonization box 2, hydraulic pusher 31 of log dry distillation and carbonization box 3, as well as feed gate and discharge gate of log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 are all electrically connected to the control box 5, and the control box 5 provides support for the automated operation of the equipment.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the biomass carbonization box 2 and the log dry distillation carbonization box 3 are made of 253MA high-temperature resistant steel. The length-to-diameter ratio of both the biomass carbonization box 2 and the log dry distillation carbonization box 3 is 18:1. The inner wall of the box is provided with a silicon carbide wear-resistant layer, and an alumina sealing assembly is provided at the assembly connection with the box 1. The volume of a single box is 2.8 m³. The biomass carbonization box 2 can process biomass material particles with a particle size ≤30 mm, and the log dry distillation carbonization box 3 can load log segments with a diameter of 80-150 mm.

[0046] The specific working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0047] First, push the main control switch of control box 5 to the connected position, and after confirming that the power-on test of the entire equipment is correct, prepare for equipment startup. Then, check the water level of the natural gas preheating vaporizer and preheat it until the preheating standard is reached. Then, open the natural gas pipeline valve to introduce natural gas into the high-temperature heat storage tank 11. At the same time, the igniters 4 at each position on the high-temperature heat storage tank 11 are ignited to preheat the biomass carbonization tank 2 and the log dry distillation carbonization tank 3 in the high-temperature heat storage tank 11. When the temperature of the biomass carbonization chamber 2 and the log dry distillation carbonization chamber 3 rises to 400℃, the temperature sensors connected to the carbonization chamber 1111 and the thermal combustion chamber 1113 send a signal to the control system. The material rotation mechanism of the biomass carbonization chamber 2 is activated, and the biomass pellets are fed from the biomass feed hopper 21, fall through the feed inlet 24 onto the material tray 29 of the biomass carbonization chamber 2, and are scraped by the upper chain plate section of the rotating chain plate 28. When the biomass material encounters 400℃... After reaching high temperature, pyrolysis gas is rapidly released. The released pyrolysis gas enters the thermal combustion chamber 1113 through the first pyrolysis gas release pipe 6 at the top of the biomass carbonization box 2 and begins to burn. At the same time, the igniter 4 stops working. At this time, the temperature in the chamber 111 of the high-temperature heat storage box 11 rapidly rises to about 600℃. The biomass material in the biomass carbonization box 2 begins to undergo anaerobic carbonization and enters the carbon discharge auger 22 (sealed conveyor) from the discharge port 25. After cooling, it enters the biochar storage silo.

[0048] During this process, the exhaust gas gate valve 13 opens according to the signal command from the flow rate sensor, and the valve of the adjustable air inlet 41 opens according to the signal command from the flow rate sensor. The biomass material continuously carbonizes and cycles normally, and the continuous heat energy is obtained through the self-sustaining combustion of the raw materials.

[0049] During the carbonization of biomass materials, the temperature of the high-temperature heat storage box 11 rises to 600-750℃. The bottom and top of the two log carbonization boxes 3 continuously exchange heat, causing the internal temperature of the log carbonization box 3 to rise to over 700℃. At this time, the system controls the hydraulic pusher 31 of one of the log carbonization boxes 3 to open the feed gate on the log material inlet 33. Then, log segments with a diameter of 80-150mm and a length of 60mm are fed into the log carbonization box 3 through the externally connected feeder. After a certain amount of log segments are fed (overfeeding must be avoided to prevent the material from piling up beyond the log material inlet 33), the hydraulic pusher 31 starts, pushing the newly fed log segments forward one stroke. This action is repeated until the log segments fill the interior of the log carbonization box 3. Then, the stroke device sends a signal to the control system to stop pushing and close the feed gate on the log material inlet 33.

[0050] While the log segments are undergoing heat exchange in the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3, a large amount of pyrolysis gas is released and enters the thermal combustion chamber 1113 through the second pyrolysis gas release pipe 7 set on the top and side of the box and begins to burn. At this time, the temperature in the thermal combustion chamber 1113 rises to about 800°C and the log segments in the log dry distillation and carbonization box 3 are subjected to high-temperature calcination.

[0051] After 60 minutes in the thermal combustion chamber 1113, another log carbonization chamber 3 begins feeding until it is filled with log segments. This means the log segments are fed in stages between the two chambers. After the log segments in the later-fed chamber 3 have been calcined for approximately 60 minutes, the log segments in the earlier-fed chamber 3 have been calcined for approximately 120 minutes, and the carbonization of the earlier-fed log segments is complete.

[0052] At this time, the discharge gate at the charcoal outlet 34 of the previously fed log carbonization chamber 3 opens, and the hydraulic pusher 31 at the feeding end activates, pushing a stroke of charcoal from the open outlet 34 into the discharge pipe 32. After pushing a stroke of charcoal from the outlet of the log carbonization chamber 3, the hydraulic pusher 31 resets, and the feed gate at the log material inlet 33 opens, allowing another stroke of log material to be added through the inlet. Then, the hydraulic pusher 31 continues to operate, and the material at the feeding end is pushed forward and squeezed, causing the charcoal at the discharge end to be discharged from the charcoal outlet 34. After all the charcoal is discharged, new log material refills the previously fed log carbonization chamber 3.

[0053] Similarly, the carbonization process of the log carbonization box 3 fed later is repeated after calcination for 120 minutes. That is, the two log carbonization boxes 3 work alternately and continuously.

[0054] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A rapid carbonization and pyrolysis coupling integrated device for biomass and logs, comprising a closed and insulated box (1), wherein the box (1) is composed of a high-temperature heat storage box (11) and a tail gas combustion box (12) connected together, characterized in that, The high-temperature heat storage box (11) consists of a carbonization chamber (1111) centrally located at the bottom, heat-insulating protective chambers (1112) located on the left and right sides of the carbonization chamber (1111), and a thermal combustion chamber (1113) located above the carbonization chamber (1111). The top of the carbonization chamber (1111) is an open structure, connected to the bottom of the thermal combustion chamber (1113). The thermal combustion chamber (1113) is connected to the exhaust gas combustion box (12). A biomass carbonization box (2) is installed in the carbonization chamber (1111), and a thermal combustion box (1113) is installed in the thermal combustion chamber (1113). Two log carbonization boxes (3) are arranged side by side. The two log carbonization boxes (3) are arranged on the left and right sides above the biomass carbonization box (2). The biomass carbonization box (2) is provided with a first pyrolysis gas release pipe (6). The log carbonization box (3) is provided with a second pyrolysis gas release pipe (7). The biomass carbonization box (2) is provided with a first feeding and discharging device and a material rotation mechanism located inside the box. The log carbonization box (3) is provided with a second feeding and discharging device. The high temperature heat storage box (11) is connected to an igniter (4), an adjustable air inlet (41) and a natural gas inlet valve.

2. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomass carbonization box (2) is a long straight section of metal heat-conducting box. One end of it is located outside the high-temperature heat storage box (11) and forms the inlet and outlet end. The other end is closed and completely located in the carbonization chamber (1111). The first inlet and outlet device includes an inlet (24) and an outlet (25) located at the top and bottom of the inlet and outlet end. The inlet (24) and the outlet (25) have a longitudinally staggered distance. The inlet (24) is connected to a biomass feed hopper (21), and the outlet (25) is connected to a carbon discharge auger (22).

3. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The biomass carbonization box (2) has an active sprocket (26) and a passive sprocket (27) at both ends of its interior. The active sprocket (26) is located at the inlet and outlet end, and the passive sprocket (27) is located at the other closed end. The material rotation mechanism includes a closed-loop rotating chain plate (28). The two ends of the rotating chain plate (28) are sleeved on the active sprocket (26) and the passive sprocket (27). Inside the biomass carbonization box (2), between the active sprocket (26) and the passive sprocket (27), there is also a material tray (29) that divides the internal space of the biomass carbonization box (2) into two layered spaces. The upper chain plate section of the rotating chain plate (28) is laid on the material tray (29).

4. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary chain plate (28) includes a chain (281) and scrapers (282) fixed at equal intervals on the chain (281).

5. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The log carbonization box (3) is a long straight section of metal heat-conducting box. One end of it is located outside the high-temperature heat storage box (11) and forms the feed end. The other end is open and communicates with the space below the tail gas combustion box (12) to form the log charcoal outlet (34). The log charcoal outlet (34) is connected to the discharge pipe (32). The discharge pipe (32) is located below the tail gas combustion box (12). The log charcoal outlet (34) is provided with a discharge gate. At the feed end of the log carbonization box (3), a hydraulic pusher (31) and a log material feed inlet (33) are respectively provided on the front box plate and the top box plate of the box. The stroke direction of the hydraulic pusher (31) is the same as the length direction of the log carbonization box (3). The log material feed inlet (33) is provided with a feed gate.

6. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the exhaust gas combustion box (12) is provided with an exhaust gas combustion chamber (121). The tail end of the high temperature heat storage box (11) is connected to the exhaust gas combustion chamber (121) through an exhaust gas connection port (113). The top of the exhaust gas combustion chamber (121) is provided with an exhaust gas discharge pipe (14) and an exhaust gas discharge gate valve (13) for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust gas discharge pipe (14).

7. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the chamber (111) is provided with a heat-insulating lining assembly (112) made of ceramic fiber compressed blocks. The heat-insulating lining assembly (112) includes a bottom lining at the bottom of the chamber (111), "L"-shaped lower linings (1121) on the left and right sides of the bottom lining, side linings (1122) located on the outer edge of the lower linings (1121), and a top lining (1123) located at the top of the chamber (111). The bottom lining and the two lower linings (1121) enclose the carbonization chamber (1111). The top lining (1123), the two side linings (1122) and the two lower linings (1121) enclose the thermal combustion chamber (1113). The lower lining (1121) and the box wall of the high-temperature heat storage box (11) enclose the heat-insulating protection chamber (1112).

8. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Temperature sensors are connected to the carbonization chamber (1111) and the thermal combustion chamber (1113), respectively.

9. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature heat storage box (11) is equipped with a wall-mounted control box (5) at the feed end near the log dry distillation and carbonization box (3).

10. The biomass and log rapid dry distillation and carbonization coupled integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the biomass carbonization box (2) and the log dry distillation carbonization box (3) are made of 253MA high-temperature resistant steel.

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