Thermal cracking continuous accelerated reaction device

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal cracking continuous accelerated reaction device, relates to the technical field of thermal cracking, and in particular relates to a thermal cracking device capable of increasing the production efficiency and saving energy by virtue of skills of continuously heating in multiple sections, reducing the volume of molten waste plastics and gradually decomposing waste plastic materials. A plurality of heating layers are coated on the outer diameter of a machine body of a primary-section thermal cracking machine, a discharging pipe at the tail end of the machine body is connected with a disperser, a plurality of through holes are formed in the disperser, the discharging pipe is connected with a feeding port of a thermal cracking reaction furnace, and molten plastic waste continuously enters a thermal cracking reaction chamber in a multi-section mode. A heating device is arranged on the periphery of the thermal cracking reaction chamber, an oiling output pipe is arranged on the upper portion of the thermal cracking reaction chamber, a conveying pipe is arranged at the bottom of the thermal cracking reaction chamber, and carbon black generated after cracking reaction can be discharged through a slag outlet of the conveying pipe, so that generation efficiency is improved and energy is saved in a continuous multi-section heating mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal pyrolysis technology, and in particular to a continuous accelerated thermal pyrolysis reaction apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Waste materials generated during the manufacturing process of plastic fibers, plastic products, and other related industries, as well as waste plastics recovered by recycling plants, are subjected to pyrolysis in an anaerobic or anaerobic environment. This process involves heating long-chain organic compounds to break their molecular bonds, ultimately decomposing them into smaller molecular structures as byproducts (such as fuel oil) and water. Pyrolysis technology involves feeding waste plastics into oiling equipment, where they undergo pyrolysis, vaporization, condensation, separation, and distillation to obtain plastic pyrolysis oil. This oil is then further processed through distillation and condensation to convert it into liquid or gaseous fuel oil for industrial use.

[0003] For general thermal decomposition treatment, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 As shown, the waste plastic is mainly fed into the feed port 11 of a feeding device 10, and then fed into the feed port of a pyrolysis reactor 20 via the conveying screw 12, and enters the pyrolysis reaction chamber 21. A heating device 22 is provided on the periphery of the pyrolysis reaction chamber 21, and an oil output pipe 23 is provided on the upper part of the pyrolysis reaction chamber 21 to discharge the gas and pyrolysis oil after pyrolysis. A conveying pipe 30 is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction chamber 21 to discharge the carbon black produced after the pyrolysis reaction.

[0004] Thus, by using pyrolysis technology, plastic waste is subjected to pyrolysis reaction under high temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions in a pyrolysis furnace to produce renewable energy such as fuel oil, carbon black, and gas, achieving the environmental protection goals of energy reuse and waste reduction. This is indeed the future development trend for the treatment of petrochemical waste.

[0005] However, in commercial pyrolysis furnaces, especially continuous feed pyrolysis furnaces, the feeding device 10 at the feed end uses a conveying screw 12 to convey the material, and the carbon black produced after pyrolysis is discharged from the furnace through the conveying pipe 30 at the discharge end. The decomposition of the waste plastic can be regarded as a melting stage (temperature about 100℃~280℃) and a pyrolysis stage (temperature about 300℃~800℃). Commonly used pyrolysis furnaces feed waste plastic into the pyrolysis reactor 20 in batches. In order to cope with the pyrolysis stage of the waste plastic, the temperature in the pyrolysis reaction chamber 21 of the pyrolysis reactor 20 must be kept at 300℃~800℃. However, the melting stage and pyrolysis stage of the waste plastic are being carried out in the furnace. In this way, not only is the time of pyrolysis reaction of waste plastic not shortened, but energy consumption is also increased. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, based on his many years of experience in processing and manufacturing various household waste, waste plastics and waste rubber, and considering the environmental pollution caused by incineration and landfill, and the urgent need for alternative energy, the inventor of this case actively researched and improved the technology, hoping to provide a method for recycling by thermal cracking and achieving the production and collection of gas and pyrolysis oil. After many trials and modifications, this invention was finally developed.

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to provide a continuous accelerated pyrolysis reaction device, particularly a continuous multi-stage pyrolysis reaction that uses a primary pyrolysis machine to reach the melting stage of waste plastics and a pyrolysis reactor to reach the pyrolysis stage of waste plastics, thereby shortening the pyrolysis reaction time of waste plastics, increasing the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction, and providing increased production capacity.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a continuous accelerated thermal pyrolysis reaction device, particularly a continuous multi-stage thermal pyrolysis reaction that uses a primary thermal pyrolysis machine to reach the melting stage of waste plastics and a thermal pyrolysis reactor to reach the pyrolysis stage of waste plastics, thereby saving energy consumption by adapting to different temperature requirements.

[0009] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a disperser at the end of the primary pyrolysis machine. The disperser can form multiple strips with smaller volume and outer diameter from the molten waste plastic in the primary stage. When these strips enter the pyrolysis reaction chamber, their smaller volume and outer diameter increase the overall heating area, thereby increasing the pyrolysis effect and saving energy consumption.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a continuous accelerated thermal pyrolysis reaction apparatus, mainly comprising a primary thermal pyrolysis machine and a thermal pyrolysis reactor, wherein:

[0011] The primary pyrolysis machine is supported by a cylindrical body. Inside the body is a conveying screw, and at the front of the body is a feeding hopper for waste plastic conveyed by a conveyor belt to enter the body. The outer diameter of the body is covered with multiple heating layers, and at the end of the body, a disperser is fixed to the discharge pipe. The disperser has through holes.

[0012] The pyrolysis reactor is provided with a feed port, which is connected to the discharge pipe of the primary pyrolysis machine, and can allow molten plastic waste to enter the pyrolysis reaction chamber. A heating device is provided on the periphery of the pyrolysis reaction chamber. An oiling output pipe is provided at the top of the pyrolysis reaction chamber, and a conveying pipe is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction chamber.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the heating layer of the primary thermal pyrolysis machine is an electromagnetic heater.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the through hole of the disperser can be any one of circular, rhomboid, or square shapes.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the disperser has one or more through holes.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a heating device, which is an electromagnetic heater, is provided on the periphery of the pyrolysis reaction chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a commonly used waste plastic pyrolysis device.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the waste plastic pyrolysis device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional external view of the initial stage pyrolysis machine of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the initial stage pyrolysis machine of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified three-dimensional exploded diagram of the part.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional external view of a preferred embodiment of the disperser of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 10-Feeding device; 11-Inlet; 12-Conveying screw; 20-Pyrolysis reactor; 21-Pyrolysis reaction chamber; 22-Heating device; 23-Oil-based output pipe; 30-Conveying pipe; 40-Primary stage pyrolysis machine; 41-Frame; 42-Machine body; 421-Feed hopper; 43-Conveying screw; 44-Heating layer; 45-Outlet pipe; 46-Disperser; 461-Through hole; 50-Pyrolysis reactor; 51-Inlet; 52-Pyrolysis reaction chamber; 53-Heating device; 54-Oil-based output pipe; 55-Conveying pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To achieve the above objectives, the structure and features of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is believed that this will enable a further understanding of the content of the present invention and its effects.

[0026] Please see Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the continuous accelerated thermal pyrolysis reaction device of the present invention mainly includes a primary thermal pyrolysis machine 40 and a thermal pyrolysis reactor 50, wherein:

[0027] A primary pyrolysis machine 40 is provided, which has a cylindrical body 42 supported by a frame 41. The body 42 contains a conveying screw 43, and a feed hopper 421 is provided at the front of the body 42. The feed hopper 421 allows waste plastic conveyed by the conveyor belt to be fed into the body 42. The outer diameter of the body 42 is covered with multiple heating layers 44 (each heating layer 44 contains an electromagnetic heater). A disperser 46 is fixed at the discharge pipe 45 at the end of the body 42, and multiple through holes 461 are provided on the disperser 46.

[0028] A pyrolysis reactor 50 is provided with a feed port 51, which is connected to the discharge pipe 45 of the primary pyrolysis machine 40, and can allow molten plastic waste to enter the pyrolysis reaction chamber 52. A heating device 53 (an electromagnetic heater) is provided on the periphery of the pyrolysis reaction chamber 52. An oil output pipe 54 is provided at the top of the pyrolysis reaction chamber 52 to discharge the gas and pyrolysis oil after pyrolysis. A conveying pipe 55 is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction chamber 52, and the slag outlet of the conveying pipe 55 can discharge the carbon black produced after the pyrolysis reaction.

[0029] In this way, waste materials generated during the production process of plastic fiber and plastic product manufacturing industries, as well as waste plastics recycled by resource recycling plants, are conveyed by a conveyor belt to the feed hopper 421 of the body 42 of the primary pyrolysis machine 40 and enter the body 42. They are then conveyed to the discharge pipe 45 by the conveying screw 43. During the conveying process of the waste plastics in the body 42, the multiple heating layers 44 covering the outer diameter of the body 42 are heated (the temperature is controlled between 100°C and 280°C), so that the waste plastics in the body 42 can be gradually decomposed while being conveyed, and can reach the melting stage at the end of the body 42 (that is, the waste plastics become fluid).

[0030] At this time, when the waste plastic in the melting stage is transported to the relative position of the disperser 46, due to the setting of the through hole 461 on the disperser 46, the waste plastic in the melting stage will be squeezed into multiple thin strips similar to the through hole 461 and smaller than the original melting volume and outer diameter when passing through the through hole 461 of the disperser 46, and enter the thermal decomposition reaction chamber 52. During the extrusion process, the air contained in the molten waste plastic will be squeezed out.

[0031] When the strip-shaped molten waste plastic enters the pyrolysis reaction chamber, the heating device 53 installed on the periphery of the pyrolysis reactor 50 heats the temperature to 300℃~800℃. The heat causes the long-chain organic compounds in the strip-shaped waste plastic to break their molecular bonds, and finally decompose into smaller molecular structures, achieving the production of gas and pyrolysis oil, which is output through the oil output pipe 54. Since the waste plastic in the molten stage is in a near-anaerobic or anaerobic state when it enters the pyrolysis reaction chamber 52, a safer pyrolysis reaction can be achieved. Because the molten waste plastic has been formed into multiple strips with smaller volume and outer diameter by the disperser 46, when it enters the pyrolysis reaction chamber 52, the overall heating area is increased due to the smaller volume of the multiple strips, which can achieve a better pyrolysis effect and obtain oil and gas of better quality. The carbon black produced by the pyrolysis is concentrated at the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction chamber 52 and discharged by a conveying pipe 55, and collected by the slag outlet of the conveying pipe 55.

[0032] Thus, the present invention can achieve the following:

[0033] (1) The pyrolysis device uses a primary pyrolysis machine to reach the melting stage of waste plastics and a pyrolysis reactor to reach the pyrolysis stage of waste plastics in a continuous multi-stage pyrolysis reaction, so as to shorten the time of waste plastic pyrolysis reaction and increase the efficiency of pyrolysis reaction, thereby providing an increase in production capacity.

[0034] (2) The pyrolysis device uses a primary pyrolysis machine to reach the melting stage of waste plastics and a pyrolysis reactor to reach the pyrolysis stage of waste plastics in a continuous multi-stage pyrolysis reaction, which can meet the needs of different temperatures and save energy consumption.

[0035] (3) A disperser is installed at the end of the primary thermal pyrolysis machine. The disperser can reduce the volume and outer diameter of the waste plastic formed by the primary molten material. When it enters the thermal pyrolysis reaction chamber, the overall heating area is increased due to the reduction in the volume and outer diameter of multiple parts, which can achieve a better thermal pyrolysis effect, thereby increasing the thermal pyrolysis effect and saving energy consumption.

[0036] Please see Figure 6 As shown, this is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the inner diameter of the through hole 461 of the disperser 46 is circular, or it can be rhomboid, square or other geometric shapes.

[0037] The present invention described above is only an example of the preferred embodiment. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and implementations, but all such modifications and implementations should be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0038] In summary, this invention utilizes a primary pyrolysis machine to achieve the melting stage of waste plastics and a pyrolysis reactor to achieve the pyrolysis stage of waste plastics, forming a continuous multi-stage pyrolysis reaction. This shortens the pyrolysis reaction time of waste plastics, thereby increasing the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction and saving energy, ultimately achieving environmental protection, energy conservation, and zero pollution. Its structural changes and functional improvements are beyond doubt. Furthermore, this invention was not published or publicly used before this application, thus meeting the requirements for a patent application. Therefore, this patent application is filed in accordance with the law.

Claims

1. A continuous accelerated thermal pyrolysis reaction apparatus, characterized in that, It mainly includes a primary pyrolysis machine and a pyrolysis reactor, wherein: The primary pyrolysis machine is supported by a cylindrical body. Inside the body is a conveying screw, and at the front of the body is a feeding hopper for waste plastic conveyed by a conveyor belt to enter the body. The outer diameter of the body is covered with multiple heating layers, and at the end of the body, a disperser is fixed to the discharge pipe. The disperser has through holes. The pyrolysis reactor is provided with a feed port, which is connected to the discharge pipe of the primary pyrolysis machine, and can allow molten plastic waste to enter the pyrolysis reaction chamber. A heating device is provided on the periphery of the pyrolysis reaction chamber. An oiling output pipe is provided at the top of the pyrolysis reaction chamber, and a conveying pipe is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction chamber.

2. The pyrolysis continuous accelerated reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating layer of the initial stage pyrolysis machine is an electromagnetic heater.

3. The pyrolysis continuous accelerated reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diffuser's through-hole can be any one of circular, rhomboid, or square shapes.

4. The pyrolysis continuous accelerated reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disperser has one or more through holes.

5. The pyrolysis continuous accelerated reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heating device, which is an electromagnetic heater, is installed around the periphery of the pyrolysis reaction chamber.

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