Drilling and fishing integrated drill bit for rock stratum and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drill bits and drilling tools, and discloses a drilling and fishing integrated drill bit for rock stratums and a using method.The drill bit comprises a square head sleeve, and a guide cone and at least two first connecting plates are arranged below the square head sleeve; the first connecting plates are arranged on the outer side wall of the guide cone in an annular array mode with the center line of the guide cone as the array center below the square head sleeve, the bottom of each first connecting plate is of a bevel edge structure, and the inclination direction of each first connecting plate is inclined upwards in the direction away from the center line of the square head sleeve. A drill seat mounting plate is arranged at the bottom of each first connecting plate, drill seat bodies which are uniformly distributed in the length direction of the drill seat mounting plate are arranged at the bottom of each drill seat mounting plate, drill teeth are arranged in each drill seat body, and the horizontal height of the bottom of each drill tooth is higher than that of the bottom of the guide cone; the method has the advantages of being high in drilling efficiency, good in drilling effect and capable of shortening the construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a drill bit for rock formations that integrates drilling and retrieval, and its method of use, belonging to the technical field of drill bits and drilling tools. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary drilling rigs, power construction drilling rigs, and other mechanical equipment are key equipment for drilling and forming holes for building piles or foundation pits. Rotary drilling bits are one of the most important components in rotary drilling. Currently, drill bits are roughly divided into several categories according to their structure and function, such as sand scoops, tubular drills, auger drills, underreaming drills, and special drill bits.

[0003] In current drilling techniques, core drilling is the preferred method for drilling into rock formations, followed by the use of a sand scoop bucket for cuttings removal and hole formation. This process requires multiple changes of different types of drill bits to achieve the desired drilling and cuttings removal. However, this method places high demands on the drilling rig's output torque, pull-out force, safety, and stability. If an unsuitable drilling rig is selected, small and medium-sized drilling rigs may be unable to perform adequately, resulting in difficulties in hole formation and low efficiency.

[0004] To address this, in the prior art, Chinese patent application number CN202110996441.1 provides a method for multi-stage drilling with a combined rotary drilling rig. This method first uses a rotary drilling rig with a smaller torque and a small-diameter drill bit to drill the hole. Then, depending on changes in geological conditions, a rotary drilling rig with a larger torque and a larger-diameter drill bit is used to drill the hole in stages. Furthermore, by flexibly switching between three types of drill bits—a barrel drill bit of different diameters, a sand-retrieving drill bit, and a hole-reaming master-daughter drill bit—drill cuttings are removed, achieving efficient hole formation for large-diameter rock-socketed piles. This effectively overcomes the shortcomings of high difficulty and low efficiency in rotary drilling construction.

[0005] However, it still has the following problems in use: when drilling, it is necessary to change different types of drill bits to achieve drilling and soil removal. It does not achieve the integration of drilling and soil removal, which will prolong the construction period. At the same time, it only overcomes the disadvantages of high drilling difficulty and low efficiency in hole drilling by selecting drilling rigs with different torque values. In essence, it does not solve the problem of "insufficient power" of small and medium-sized drilling rigs in rock drilling, and there is a problem that it cannot fully utilize the functions of small and medium-sized drilling rigs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a drill bit for rock formations that integrates drilling and fishing, and a method for using it.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drill bit for rock formations that integrates drilling and retrieval, comprising a square head sleeve, a guide cone and a first connecting plate disposed below the square head sleeve, wherein the guide cone and the square head sleeve are coaxially arranged, and at least two first connecting plates are provided. The first connecting plates are arranged in a circular array below the square head sleeve with the center line of the guide cone as the array center, on the outer wall of the guide cone. The bottom of each first connecting plate is a beveled structure, and the inclination direction is inclined upward away from the center line of the square head sleeve. A drill base mounting plate is provided at the bottom of each first connecting plate, and each drill base mounting plate is parallel to the corresponding first connecting plate. A drill base body is provided at the bottom of each drill base mounting plate, which is uniformly distributed along the length direction of the drill base mounting plate. Drill teeth are provided in each drill base body, and the horizontal height of the bottom of each drill tooth is higher than the horizontal height of the bottom of the guide cone.

[0008] Furthermore, a drill rod is movably inserted through the square head sleeve, and a pin hole is also provided on the square head sleeve. The pin hole is provided in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the square head sleeve, and both are provided through the square head sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the guide cone is also fixedly connected to each drill bit mounting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the drill teeth is arranged perpendicularly to the corresponding drill base mounting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the horizontal height of the bottom of the drill teeth on the same drill mount plate is gradually increased in the direction away from the guide cone.

[0012] Furthermore, a second connecting plate is provided on the outer side wall of the square head sleeve. The number and distribution of the second connecting plate correspond one-to-one with those of the first connecting plate. A first circular clamping plate is provided at the bottom of the second connecting plate, and a second circular clamping plate is provided at the top of the first connecting plate. The square head sleeve is fixedly arranged through the first and second circular clamping plates. The first and second circular clamping plates are connected together by a stiffening connecting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a hopper sealing plate is provided between adjacent second connecting plates. Each hopper sealing plate is located above the first circular clamping plate, and a space is left between each hopper sealing plate and the first circular clamping plate to cooperate with the corresponding second connecting plate to form a slag hopper.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned hopper sealing plates is provided with a passage structure for unloading the crushed slag and soil inside the slag hopper.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for using the aforementioned integrated drilling and retrieval drill bit for rock formations, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pre-drilling preparation; Connect the drill rod to the square head and connect the external drilling rig to the drill rod. The external drilling rig's power head and drill rod output torque and downward pressure to transmit the output torque and downward pressure to the guide cone and drill teeth. Step 2: Drilling work is carried out; during drilling, the guide cone first contacts the rock layer at the center of the pile to cut, break, move or grind the rock layer. As drilling progresses, the drill teeth contact the rock layer from the inside out, and cut, break, move or grind the corresponding rock layer from the inside out. After all the drill teeth have drilled into the rock layer, the drill bit as a whole cuts, breaks, moves or grinds the rock layer. Step 3: Carry out the slag removal work; as the drill bit drills deeper, the rock powder at the bottom will overflow into the slag hopper under the pressure and rotation of the rock powder. Then, the drill rod is retracted and lifted by the external drilling rig to remove the slag from the pile foundation pit for unloading.

[0016] Furthermore, the second step also includes the following steps: excavating micro-holes in the rock stratum at the center of the pile, and inserting the guide cone into the micro-holes to contact the rock stratum at the center of the pile.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention provides a drilling bit for rock formations that integrates drilling and retrieval. By incorporating a guide cone, drill base mounting plate, drill base body, drill teeth, and other structures, the overall structure of the drill bit is gyroscopic. During drilling, as the number of drill teeth in contact with the rock formation increases, the number of rock breaking points also gradually increases, thereby increasing the combined force and more effectively breaking the rock formation. This significantly improves the drilling efficiency and effect. Furthermore, the increased contact between the drill teeth and the rock formation enhances stability during drilling, further ensuring drilling effectiveness. Therefore, this drill bit achieves better drilling results under the same output torque and downforce, effectively solving the problem of insufficient drilling power in rock formations with existing small and medium-sized drilling rigs. It boasts the advantages of high drilling efficiency and excellent drilling effect.

[0018] 2. This invention provides a drill bit for rock formations that integrates drilling and slag removal. By setting up a first circular clamping plate, a second connecting plate, and a hopper sealing plate, a slag hopper can be formed. When drilling into the rock formation, the crushed slag formed under the extrusion and rotation of the drill bit will overflow into the slag hopper for collection. This allows drilling and slag removal to be carried out simultaneously, solving the problem that current rock drilling and slag removal require multiple changes of different types of drill bits during the process, and has the advantage of shortening the construction cycle.

[0019] 3. This invention provides a method for using a drill bit for rock formations that integrates drilling and dredging. It not only integrates rock drilling and dredging, but also fully utilizes the functions of small and medium-sized drilling rigs. Furthermore, by excavating micro-holes in the rock strata at the center of the pile for the alignment of the guide cone, it ensures the accuracy of the excavated holes. Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the advantages of reducing construction costs, shortening the construction cycle, and improving drilling efficiency and effectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of a drilling and retrieval integrated drill bit for rock formations according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of a drilling and retrieval integrated drill bit for rock formations according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a drilling and retrieval integrated rock drill bit used for drilling operations according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of a drilling and retrieval integrated rock drill bit used for drilling operations according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of a drilling and retrieval integrated rock drill bit used for drilling operations in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of a drilling and retrieval integrated rock drill bit used for drilling operations in this invention.

[0021] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. Square head sleeve; 2. Second connecting plate; 3. First circular clamping plate; 4. Second circular clamping plate; 5. Hopper sealing plate; 6. First connecting plate; 7. Reinforcing connecting plate; 8. Drill base mounting plate; 9. Drill base body; 10. Drill teeth; 11. Guide cone; 12. Drill rod; 13. Pile hole; 14. Crushed soil; 15. Rock stratum; 17. Pin hole; 18. Rock stratum powder; 19. Slag hopper; 20. Micropore. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-6 This embodiment provides a drill bit for rock formations that integrates drilling and retrieval, including a square head sleeve 1. A square head structure of a drill rod 12 is movably inserted through a central square hole on the square head sleeve 1. The square head sleeve 1 also has a pin hole 17, which is provided in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the square head sleeve 1 and is provided through the square head sleeve 1. The pin hole 17 is provided for the operator to insert a corresponding pin component into the pin hole 17 to fix the square head structure of the drill rod 12, thereby fixing the drill rod 12 to the square head sleeve 1.

[0024] Below the square head sleeve 1, a guide cone 11 and a first connecting plate 6 are provided. The guide cone 11 is coaxial with the square head sleeve 1. At least two first connecting plates 6 are provided. In this embodiment, there are four first connecting plates 6. The first connecting plates 6 are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the guide cone 11 with the center line of the array as the array center, that is, the four first connecting plates 6 form a cross-shaped structure. In actual use, the specific number and distribution of the first connecting plates 6 can be selected according to the actual situation, such as three plates arranged in a Y-shape.

[0025] Each first connecting plate 6 has a beveled bottom, with the inclination direction all pointing upwards away from the center line of the square head sleeve 1 to facilitate the arrangement of subsequent structures. Each first connecting plate 6 has a drill base mounting plate 8 at its bottom, and each drill base mounting plate 8 is parallel to its corresponding first connecting plate 6. The outer wall of the guide cone 11 is fixedly connected to each drill base mounting plate 8 to enhance the overall structural strength of the drill bit. Each drill base mounting plate 8 has drill base bodies 9 evenly distributed along its length at its bottom. The number of drill base bodies 9 can be selected based on actual needs and is not limited here. Each drill bit body 9 has a fixed drill tooth 10. The bottom of each drill tooth 10 is positioned at a higher level than the bottom of the guide cone 11, so that during subsequent drilling operations, the guide cone 11 will contact the rock layer 15 before the drill tooth 10. Simultaneously, each drill tooth 10 is perpendicular to the corresponding drill bit mounting plate 8. The bottom of the drill teeth 10 on the same drill bit mounting plate 8 gradually increases in height away from the guide cone 11, allowing the drill bit to form a gyroscope-like structure. During subsequent work, as the drilling depth increases, the number of drill teeth 10 in contact with the rock stratum 15 increases, which gradually increases the number of breaking points of the rock stratum 15. This increases the combined force and more effectively breaks the rock stratum 15, thereby improving the drilling efficiency and effect of the drill bit. At the same time, the contact between a large number of drill teeth 10 and the rock stratum 15 also improves the stability during drilling, further ensuring the drilling effect. As a result, the drill bit will have a better drilling effect under the same output torque and downforce.

[0026] A second connecting plate 2 is also provided on the outer wall of the square head sleeve 1. The number and distribution of the second connecting plate 2 correspond one-to-one with the first connecting plate 6, that is, there are four second connecting plates 2, which also form a cross-shaped structure. The bottom of the second connecting plate 2 is fixedly provided with a first circular clamping plate 3, and the top of the first connecting plate 6 is fixedly provided with a second circular clamping plate 4. Both the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 have a central square hole structure that is adapted to the cross section of the square head sleeve 1. The square head sleeve 1 is fixedly installed through the central square hole structure on the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4. The first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 are connected together by a stiffening connecting plate 7. That is, the top of the stiffening connecting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first circular clamping plate 3, and the bottom of the stiffening connecting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the second circular clamping plate 4. In this embodiment, there are four stiffening connecting plates 7. The stiffening connecting plates 7 are arranged in a ring array between the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 with the center line of the guide cone 11 as the array center. A hopper sealing plate 5 is provided between each adjacent second connecting plate 2. Both ends of the hopper sealing plate 5 are fixedly connected to the corresponding side wall of the adjacent second connecting plate 2. Each hopper sealing plate 5 is located above the first circular clamping plate 3. A space is left between each hopper sealing plate 5 and the first circular clamping plate 3 to cooperate with the corresponding second connecting plate 2 to form a slag hopper 19. When drilling the rock stratum 15, the crushed slag 14 formed by the extrusion and rotation of this drill bit will overflow into the slag hopper 19 for collection. This allows for the simultaneous execution of drilling and slag removal, thus solving the problem of having to change different types of drill bits multiple times during the current drilling and slag removal of the rock stratum 15. Specifically, the crushed slag 14 first overflows into the space between the second circular clamping plate 4 and the first circular clamping plate 3, and then continues to overflow through the central square hole on the first circular clamping plate 3, thus entering the slag hopper 19. Corresponding slag inlets can be opened on the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 to allow the crushed slag 14 to enter the slag hopper 19 more effectively. To facilitate unloading, each hopper sealing plate 5 is provided with a passage structure for unloading the crushed slag 14 in the slag hopper 19. The passage structure can be a conventional passage, a closable passage, or a through hole structure.

[0027] It should be noted that, in actual use, the square head sleeve 1, the second connecting plate 2, the first circular clamping plate 3, the second circular clamping plate 4, the first connecting plate 6, the drill base mounting plate 8, and their corresponding connections can all be reinforced with ribs in the horizontal or vertical direction according to common welding process requirements, so as to improve the overall structural strength of this drill bit.

[0028] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 1-6This embodiment provides a method for using a drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations, including using a drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations 15 provided in Embodiment 1, and further including the following steps: Step 1: Preparation before drilling; Connect the square head structure of the drill rod 12 to the square head sleeve 1, then insert the corresponding pin into the pin hole 17 to fix the drill rod 12 to the square head sleeve 1, and then connect the power head of the external drilling machine to the drill rod 12. When the external drilling machine starts working, the output torque and downward pressure of the external drilling machine power head and the drill rod 12 can be transmitted to the guide cone 11 and the drill teeth 10 to facilitate the drilling work.

[0029] Step 2: Drilling. Before drilling, micro-holes 20 are excavated in the rock stratum 15 at the center of the pile according to design requirements. Then, the guide cone 11 is aligned with the micro-hole 20, and drilling can begin. During drilling, the guide cone 11 extends into the micro-hole 20 to first contact the rock stratum 15 at the center of the pile. Then, the external drilling rig is started to drive the drill bit to cut, break, move, or grind the rock stratum 15. As drilling progresses, the drill teeth 10 contact the rock stratum 15 from the inside out, cutting, breaking, moving, or grinding the corresponding parts of the rock stratum 15 from the inside out. After all the drill teeth 10 have drilled into the rock stratum 15, the drill bit as a whole cuts, breaks, moves, or grinds the rock stratum 15, thereby achieving overall drilling to drill the pile hole 13. After all the drill teeth 10 of this drill bit have drilled into the rock layer 15, they are uniformly supported and surrounded by the concave shape at the lower end of the pile hole 13, which can effectively prevent the phenomenon of drilling deviation during the drilling process.

[0030] Step 3: Carry out the slag removal work; As the drill bit drills deeper, the rock powder 18 formed under the drilling work of the drill bit will also form slag soil 14 under the squeezing and rotating agitation of the drill bit. The slag soil 14 will overflow into the slag hopper 19 for collection. After drilling for a certain period of time, the drill bit will be lifted out by the external drilling rig retracting and lifting the drill rod 12, and the slag soil 14 can be lifted out of the pile foundation pit for unloading.

[0031] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations, comprising a square-headed sleeve (1), characterized in that: Below the square head sleeve (1) are a guide cone (11) and a first connecting plate (6). The guide cone (11) is coaxial with the square head sleeve (1). At least two first connecting plates (6) are provided. The first connecting plates (6) are arranged in a ring array below the square head sleeve (1) with the center line of the guide cone (11) as the array center. The bottom of each first connecting plate (6) is a beveled structure, and the inclination direction is inclined upward away from the center line of the square head sleeve (1). The bottom of each first connecting plate (6) is provided with a drill base mounting plate (8). Each drill base mounting plate (8) is parallel to the corresponding first connecting plate (6). The bottom of each drill base mounting plate (8) is provided with a drill base body (9) evenly distributed along the length direction of the drill base mounting plate (8). Each drill base body (9) is provided with drill teeth (10). The horizontal height of the bottom of each drill tooth (10) is higher than the horizontal height of the bottom of the guide cone (11).

2. The drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square head sleeve (1) is movably fitted with a drill rod (12), and the square head sleeve (1) is also provided with a pin hole (17). The pin hole (17) is provided in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the square head sleeve (1), and both are provided through the square head sleeve (1).

3. The drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the guide cone (11) is also fixedly connected to each drill bit mounting plate (8).

4. The drilling and retrieval integrated drill bit for rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the drill teeth (10) is set perpendicular to the corresponding drill mount plate (8).

5. A drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the drill teeth (10) located on the same drill mount plate (8) is set to gradually increase in the direction away from the guide cone (11).

6. The drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the square head sleeve (1) is provided with a second connecting plate (2). The number and distribution of the second connecting plate (2) correspond one-to-one with the first connecting plate (6). The bottom of the second connecting plate (2) is provided with a first circular clamping plate (3), and the top of the first connecting plate (6) is provided with a second circular clamping plate (4). The square head sleeve (1) is fixedly connected through the first circular clamping plate (3) and the second circular clamping plate (4). The first circular clamping plate (3) and the second circular clamping plate (4) are connected together by a stiffening connecting plate (7).

7. A drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations according to claim 6, characterized in that: A hopper sealing plate (5) is provided between adjacent second connecting plates (2). Each hopper sealing plate (5) is located above the first circular clamping plate (3). There is space between each hopper sealing plate (5) and the first circular clamping plate (3) to cooperate with the second connecting plate (2) at the corresponding position to form a slag hopper (19).

8. A drill bit for drilling and retrieval in rock formations according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the hopper sealing plates (5) is provided with an opening structure for unloading the crushed slag (14) in the slag hopper (19).

9. A method of using a drilling and retrieval integrated drill bit for rock formations as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparation before drilling; Connect the drill rod (12) to the square head sleeve (1) and connect the external drilling machine to the drill rod (12). The external drilling machine power head and the drill rod (12) output torque and downward pressure so that the output torque and downward pressure are transmitted to the guide cone (11) and the drill teeth (10); Step S2: Drilling work is carried out; during drilling, the guide cone (11) first contacts the rock layer (15) at the center of the pile, and cuts, breaks, moves or grinds the rock layer (15). As drilling is carried out, the drill teeth (10) contact the rock layer (15) from the inside out, and cuts, breaks, moves or grinds the corresponding rock layer (15) from the inside out. After all the drill teeth (10) have drilled into the rock layer (15), the drill bit as a whole cuts, breaks, moves or grinds the rock layer (15). Step S3: Carry out the slag removal work; as the drill bit drills deeper, the rock strata (15) below it will overflow into the slag hopper (19) under the squeezing and rotating agitation of the slag soil (14). Then, the drill rod (12) is retracted and lifted by the external drilling machine to remove the slag soil (14) from the pile foundation pit for unloading.

10. The method of using a drilling and retrieval integrated rock drill bit according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S2 further includes the following steps: excavating a microhole (20) in the rock layer (15) at the center of the pile, and inserting a guide cone (11) into the microhole (20) to contact the rock layer (15) at the center of the pile.

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