Hydrogen leakage diagnosis method, device and equipment for fuel cell

Abstract

The application provides a hydrogen leakage diagnosis method, device and equipment of a fuel cell, relates to the technical field of automobiles, and can obtain a hydrogen supply flow in real time under a fuel cell bench test power generation state, calculate a difference between the hydrogen supply flow and a theoretical hydrogen consumption flow to determine a leakage amount and a grade, identify leakage in combination with a hydrogen leakage sensor and a battery performance, and perform fault management. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a hydrogen supply flow of a fuel cell, wherein the hydrogen supply flow is a hydrogen mass or volume amount delivered to the fuel cell; determining a hydrogen leakage amount of the fuel cell based on a difference between the hydrogen supply flow and a theoretical hydrogen consumption flow of the fuel cell; and obtaining a hydrogen leakage diagnosis result of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage amount, a hydrogen leakage detection result and a performance state of the fuel cell, wherein the hydrogen leakage detection result is a result detected by a hydrogen leakage sensor outside the fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to methods, apparatus and equipment for diagnosing hydrogen leaks in fuel cells. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, fuel cells have become a key focus due to their high efficiency and cleanliness. Bench testing is a core part of development, and it is necessary to control the risk of hydrogen system leakage. Fuel cell leakage includes internal leakage and external leakage. Internal leakage is the leakage of hydrogen to the stack anode and water circuit, while external leakage is the leakage of hydrogen to the atmosphere and the packaging box.

[0003] In existing technologies, external leakage can be monitored by sensors, but internal leakage cannot be monitored because sensors cannot be placed in the anode and water circuit of the fuel cell stack. It often relies on pressure holding after shutdown or manual detection, which has a lag effect. It is often only discovered when serious leakage causes abnormal performance. Moreover, there is a lack of online diagnostic solutions for bench test power generation, making it difficult to control minor leakage in advance, which can easily increase fuel cell stack damage and development costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, and equipment for diagnosing hydrogen leaks in fuel cells. It can acquire the hydrogen supply flow rate in real time during fuel cell bench testing and power generation, calculate the difference between the supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate to determine the leak level, and identify the leak type and handle it by combining a hydrogen leak sensor and battery performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for diagnosing hydrogen leakage in a fuel cell, the method comprising:

[0007] During fuel cell bench testing and power generation, the hydrogen supply flow rate of the fuel cell is obtained. The hydrogen supply flow rate is the mass or volume of hydrogen delivered to the fuel cell. Based on the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate of the fuel cell, the hydrogen leakage of the fuel cell is determined. Based on the hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen leakage detection results, and the performance status of the fuel cell, the hydrogen leakage diagnosis result of the fuel cell is obtained. The hydrogen leakage detection result is the result detected by the hydrogen leakage sensor outside the fuel cell. The hydrogen leakage detection result and the performance status of the fuel cell are used together to distinguish between internal and external leakage.

[0008] Based on the above technical means, the leakage amount is determined by the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate. Combined with the hydrogen leakage detection results and the battery performance status to obtain diagnostic results, online monitoring can be carried out in the fuel cell power generation state, accurately distinguishing the type and level of leakage, and providing early warning of minor leaks to protect the fuel cell stack and reduce the development cost of fuel cells.

[0009] One possible implementation is to obtain the hydrogen leakage diagnosis result of the fuel cell based on the amount of hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen leakage detection result, and the performance status of the fuel cell. Specifically, this can be achieved by: obtaining the hydrogen leakage level of the fuel cell based on the value of the amount of hydrogen leakage, and obtaining the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage detection result and the performance status of the fuel cell.

[0010] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, the level of hydrogen leakage can be accurately classified and the type of leakage can be determined, reducing misjudgments from single-parameter diagnosis; targeted response strategies can be formulated, which can not only improve the reliability of leakage diagnosis, but also quickly and efficiently handle leakage problems, ensure the safe and stable operation of fuel cells, and reduce fault handling costs.

[0011] Another possible implementation is to determine the hydrogen leakage level of the fuel cell based on the value of the hydrogen leakage amount. Specifically, if the value of the hydrogen leakage amount is less than or equal to the first leakage threshold, it is a negligible leakage; if the value of the hydrogen leakage amount is greater than the first leakage threshold but less than or equal to the second leakage threshold, it is a minor leakage; and if the value of the hydrogen leakage amount is greater than the second leakage threshold, it is a serious leakage.

[0012] Based on the aforementioned technical methods, by setting dual leakage thresholds to classify leaks into three levels: negligible, minor, and severe, a precise quantitative determination of the leakage level can be achieved, avoiding the ambiguity of a single standard in diagnosis. This allows for targeted matching of countermeasures, preventing both over-treatment and wasted resources, as well as preventing safety risks arising from misjudgments, effectively ensuring the stable operation of fuel cells and improving the accuracy and efficiency of leak handling.

[0013] Another possible implementation is to determine the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage detection results and the performance status of the fuel cell. Specifically, if the hydrogen leakage detection result indicates hydrogen leakage and the performance status of the fuel cell is normal, the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is external leakage.

[0014] Based on the above technical means, by combining the hydrogen leakage detection results with the fuel cell performance status to determine the leakage type, it can accurately identify external leakage when there is leakage but the performance is normal. This can effectively distinguish between internal and external leakage, avoid the misjudgment problem of single detection, provide a basis for subsequent targeted external leakage treatment strategies, improve the accuracy and reliability of leakage diagnosis, and ensure the safe and efficient operation of the fuel cell system.

[0015] Another possible implementation involves determining the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage detection results and the performance status of the fuel cell. Specifically, this can be achieved as follows: if the hydrogen leakage detection result indicates no hydrogen leakage and the fuel cell performance status is slightly or severely degraded, the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is internal leakage; or, if the hydrogen leakage detection result indicates hydrogen leakage and the fuel cell performance status is slightly or severely degraded, the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is mixed leakage; or, if the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is mixed leakage, based on the hydrogen leakage level and the fuel cell performance status, the internal leakage sub-leakage level corresponding to the internal leakage and the external leakage sub-leakage level corresponding to the external leakage in the mixed leakage are determined.

[0016] Based on the aforementioned technical methods, by combining hydrogen leak detection results with fuel cell performance status, internal leaks and mixed leaks can be accurately distinguished, avoiding misjudgments caused by a single detection indicator. For mixed leaks, the leak level and performance status are further combined to subdivide internal and external leaks into sub-levels, achieving accurate identification of both leak type and severity. This provides a clear basis for subsequent graded handling, avoiding over- or under-handling, while also improving the accuracy and specificity of leak diagnosis, reducing ineffective operation and maintenance costs, and effectively ensuring the safe and stable operation of fuel cells.

[0017] Another possible implementation is that this application provides a hydrogen leak diagnosis method for fuel cells, which can be specifically implemented as follows: based on the hydrogen leak diagnosis results, targeted treatment is carried out on the leak of the fuel cell, wherein targeted treatment refers to matching corresponding leak treatment measures according to the severity of the leak level and the leak type.

[0018] Based on the above technical means, targeted and precise responses can be achieved by addressing the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leak diagnosis results: matching the leak level and type with corresponding measures, avoiding insufficient or excessive handling, effectively curbing the deterioration of the fault, reducing safety risks, improving handling efficiency, and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the fuel cell.

[0019] Another possible implementation involves addressing fuel cell leaks based on their severity and type. Specifically, this could be achieved as follows: if the leak type is internal or external, and the leak severity is severe, send a leak alert and stop the fuel cell operation; or, if the leak type is internal or external, and the leak severity is minor, send a leak alert; or, if the leak type is internal or external, and the leak severity is negligible, do nothing; or, if the leak type is a mixed leak, and the leak severity is severe, send a leak alert and stop the fuel cell operation; or, if the leak type is a mixed leak, and both internal and external leaks are minor, send a leak alert; or, if the leak type is a mixed leak, and both internal and external leaks are negligible, do nothing.

[0020] Based on the aforementioned technical methods, differentiated handling strategies are developed according to the type and severity of leaks to achieve precise responses: severe leaks are promptly shut down to prevent risks, minor leaks trigger warnings, and leaks that can be ignored are left unattended. This avoids mishandling, improves safety and efficiency, and ensures the stable operation of the fuel cell.

[0021] Another possible implementation method provided in this application is a hydrogen leakage diagnosis method for fuel cells, which can be specifically implemented as: obtaining the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate of the fuel cell, wherein the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate is used to describe the amount of hydrogen required by the fuel cell stack under the condition of no hydrogen leakage and normal operation of the stack.

[0022] Based on the above technical means, by clarifying the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate as the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell stack under normal operation and without leakage, the miscalculation of leakage caused by the ambiguity of traditional benchmarks can be avoided. It can clearly distinguish the flow rate difference caused by actual leakage and the fluctuation of fuel cell stack operating conditions, reduce false alarms, and lay a reliable data foundation for subsequent leakage level classification and leakage type judgment, ensuring the accuracy of leakage diagnosis.

[0023] Another possible approach is to obtain the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate of the fuel cell. Specifically, this can be achieved by calculating the hydrogen consumption based on the fuel cell stack output current and operating voltage, correcting the hydrogen consumption to obtain the theoretical hydrogen consumption.

[0024] Based on the aforementioned technical methods, by calculating hydrogen consumption using the stack output current and operating voltage as core parameters, the real-time reaction intensity of the stack can be directly correlated. This ensures that the basic data for theoretical flow calculations are strongly correlated with the essence of the electrochemical reaction, avoiding deviations caused by traditional reliance on indirect parameters. Furthermore, through targeted corrections, the theoretical values ​​are made closer to actual operating conditions, providing an accurate benchmark for calculating the difference between the supplied hydrogen flow rate and the theoretical flow rate. This reduces misjudgments of leaks caused by inaccurate theoretical values, improves leak diagnosis accuracy, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell system.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a hydrogen leak diagnostic device for a fuel cell, the device comprising:

[0026] The module is used to acquire the hydrogen supply flow rate of the fuel cell, which is the mass or volume of hydrogen delivered to the fuel cell. The module is used to determine the hydrogen leakage of the fuel cell based on the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell. The module is used to obtain the hydrogen leakage diagnosis result of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage amount, the hydrogen leakage detection result, and the performance status of the fuel cell. The hydrogen leakage detection result is the result detected by the hydrogen leakage sensor outside the fuel cell.

[0027] The acquisition module is also used to acquire the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate of the fuel cell, which describes the amount of hydrogen required by the fuel cell stack under normal operating conditions with no hydrogen leakage.

[0028] The acquisition module is also used to calculate the hydrogen consumption based on the fuel cell stack output current and operating voltage, correct the hydrogen consumption, and obtain the theoretical hydrogen consumption.

[0029] The diagnostic module is also used to determine the hydrogen leakage level of the fuel cell based on the value of the hydrogen leakage amount, and to determine the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage detection results and the performance status of the fuel cell.

[0030] The diagnostic module is also used to determine that if the amount of hydrogen leakage is less than or equal to a first leakage threshold, the leakage level is a minor leakage if the amount of hydrogen leakage is greater than the first leakage threshold but less than or equal to a second leakage threshold, and the leakage level is a serious leakage if the amount of hydrogen leakage is greater than the second leakage threshold.

[0031] The diagnostic module is also used to determine the type of hydrogen leakage in a fuel cell as an external leak when the hydrogen leak detection result indicates hydrogen leakage and the fuel cell performance status is normal. An external leak refers to hydrogen leaking into the atmosphere and the enclosure. When the hydrogen leak detection result indicates no hydrogen leakage and the fuel cell performance status is slightly or severely degraded, the type of hydrogen leak in a fuel cell is determined as an internal leak. An internal leak refers to hydrogen leaking into the fuel cell stack anode and water circuit. When the hydrogen leak detection result indicates hydrogen leakage and the fuel cell performance status is slightly or severely degraded, the type of hydrogen leak in a fuel cell is determined as a mixed leak. A mixed leak refers to the simultaneous occurrence of internal and external leaks, i.e., hydrogen leaking into both the stack anode or water circuit and the atmosphere or enclosure.

[0032] The diagnostic module is also used to address fuel cells based on the level and type of leakage.

[0033] The diagnostic module is also used to address fuel cell leaks based on hydrogen leak diagnostic results.

[0034] The diagnostic module is also used to match the corresponding leak treatment measures based on the leak level and leak type corresponding to the hydrogen leak diagnosis results, and to treat the fuel cell leak accordingly based on the leak treatment measures.

[0035] The diagnostic module is also used to: send a leak warning message and stop the operation of the fuel cell when the leak type is internal or external and the leak level is severe; send a leak warning message when the leak type is internal or external and the leak level is minor; do not take any action when the leak type is internal or external and the leak level is negligible; send a leak warning message and stop the operation of the fuel cell when the leak type is mixed and the leak level is severe; send a leak warning message when the leak type is mixed and both the internal and external leaks are minor; or do not take any action when the leak type is mixed and both the internal and external leaks are negligible.

[0036] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one computer program, and the at least one computer program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the hydrogen leakage diagnosis method for a fuel cell described in the first aspect.

[0037] The solutions provided in the second and third aspects above are used to implement the method provided in the first aspect above, and their specific implementations will not be described in detail here. The technical effects corresponding to any implementation method of the solutions provided in the second and third aspects above can be found in the technical effects corresponding to any implementation method in the first aspect above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] It should be noted that any of the possible implementations of any of the above aspects can be combined, provided that the solutions do not contradict each other. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell test bench controller provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart illustrating a hydrogen leak diagnosis method for a fuel cell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart illustrating another hydrogen leak diagnosis method for a fuel cell provided in this application embodiment;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic flowchart illustrating a fuel cell leak diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 A logic diagram illustrating a preliminary diagnosis of fuel cell leakage provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 A logical diagram illustrating a detailed diagnosis of fuel cell leakage provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell system leakage monitoring system provided in this application embodiment;

[0047] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen leak diagnostic device for a fuel cell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0049] In the embodiments of this application, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different. The technical features described by "first" and "second" have no sequential or size order.

[0050] In the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0051] In the embodiments of this application, at least one can also be described as one or more, and multiple can be two, three, four or more, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0052] Furthermore, the network architecture and scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0053] For example, while external hydrogen leaks can be detected using hydrogen leak sensors, internal leaks cannot be directly monitored because leak sensors cannot be placed at the fuel cell stack anodes and water circuits. Often, internal leaks are only detected after the fuel cell performance has deteriorated, by checking the water circuits and fuel cell stack anodes with a leak detector or by observing the rate of hydrogen pressure drop during system pressure maintenance. These methods are sluggish, often only detecting leaks after severe internal leaks have occurred and caused performance abnormalities, making real-time online monitoring and early control during power generation impossible. Furthermore, in the early stages of fuel cell development, due to immature hardware and software, leaks exceeding limits may occur during fuel cell use. If hydrogen enters the water circuit, it can cause bubbles in the coolant, leading to localized overheating of the fuel cell stack. If hydrogen enters the air circuit, it directly forms a hydrogen-air interface, affecting stack performance and lifespan. Therefore, real-time diagnosis of hydrogen system leaks during fuel cell power generation and early warning of minor leaks are crucial.

[0054] Existing technologies are mostly manual or non-power-generating tests, or methods for judging fuel cell vehicles, and cannot be used on fuel cell test benches.

[0055] Based on this, this application provides a method for diagnosing hydrogen leaks in fuel cells. The method obtains the hydrogen supply flow rate of the fuel cell, which is the mass or volume of hydrogen delivered to the fuel cell. Based on the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate of the fuel cell, the amount of hydrogen leakage is determined. Based on the amount of hydrogen leakage, the leak detection results, and the performance status of the fuel cell, a hydrogen leak diagnosis result is obtained. The leak detection results are those detected by a leak sensor outside the fuel cell. By determining the leakage amount through the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate, and combining the leak detection results with the battery performance status to obtain the diagnostic result, online monitoring can be performed while the fuel cell is generating electricity. This method accurately distinguishes the type and level of leaks, provides early warning of minor leaks, protects the fuel cell stack, and reduces the development cost of fuel cells.

[0056] The solutions provided by the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] The solution provided in this application can be applied to Figure 1 In the fuel cell test bench controller 101 shown, as Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the fuel cell test bench controller.

[0058] For example, Figure 1 The fuel cell test bench controller 101 shown can be a dedicated embedded control unit or an industrial computer that integrates bench control algorithms. The fuel cell test bench controller 101 includes a signal receiving module, a data processing module, a control output module, and a storage module.

[0059] Specifically, the fuel cell test bench controller 101 can receive hydrogen supply flow signals transmitted by the hydrogen flow meter, hydrogen leakage detection signals from the atmospheric hydrogen leakage sensor and the packaging box hydrogen leakage sensor in real time. It can also obtain the power generation current of the fuel cell and the performance parameters such as stack voltage and power. It can perform leakage calculation, leakage level determination and leakage type identification through the built-in diagnostic algorithm.

[0060] Optionally, the fuel cell test bench controller 101 can also integrate a human-machine interface submodule for real-time display of diagnostic results and prompts, facilitating test personnel to monitor the test bench's operating status and perform maintenance operations. The fuel cell test bench controller 101 establishes a connection with the hydrogen supply and return assembly actuators, exhaust and drain valve drivers, and fuel cell stack parameter acquisition units of the hydrogen system via a dedicated communication line, enabling bidirectional data transmission and control command issuance.

[0061] Specifically, during the diagnostic boundary condition determination phase, the fuel cell test bench controller 101 first verifies whether the fuel cell is in operation and whether the exhaust and drain valves are closed. Leak diagnosis is only initiated when both conditions are met simultaneously. During the diagnosis process, the data processing module calculates the leakage amount based on the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate. It then determines the leakage type and leakage level by combining the hydrogen leakage detection results with the stack performance parameters. The control output module then issues instructions based on the diagnostic results.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this application, a method for diagnosing hydrogen leakage in a fuel cell may include:

[0063] S201: Obtain the hydrogen supply flow rate of the fuel cell.

[0064] The hydrogen supply flow rate of the fuel cell was obtained during the fuel cell bench test power generation.

[0065] The hydrogen supply flow rate refers to the mass or volume of hydrogen delivered to the fuel cell.

[0066] Specifically, the hydrogen supply flow rate is obtained through a hydrogen flow meter, which is an external sensor used to monitor the hydrogen supply flow rate. It collects the hydrogen flow rate data delivered to the fuel cell in real time and transmits the collected flow signal to the fuel cell controller. The fuel cell controller receives and processes the signal to obtain an accurate hydrogen supply flow rate value.

[0067] Optionally, before obtaining the hydrogen supply flow rate, the working status of the hydrogen flow meter can be checked to ensure that it is working properly. At the same time, it can be confirmed that the exhaust and drain valve of the fuel cell is closed to avoid interference with the accuracy of the flow data due to equipment malfunction or the opening of the exhaust and drain valve.

[0068] S202: Determine the amount of hydrogen leakage in the fuel cell based on the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate of the fuel cell.

[0069] Specifically, under the condition that the fuel cell is in operation and the exhaust and drain valves are closed, based on the derivation relationship of "hydrogen leakage = hydrogen supply flow rate - theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate", the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate measured by the hydrogen flow meter and the calculated theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate can be calculated to determine the hydrogen leakage.

[0070] Among them, the exhaust and drain valve is a valve device used in the fuel cell system to control the discharge of reaction products. It is usually installed at the stack outlet or the end of the hydrogen / air circulation loop. Reaction products include water and hydrogen and air that have not participated in the electrochemical reaction.

[0071] Specifically, the exhaust and drain valves promptly discharge the liquid water and gaseous products generated by the fuel cell reaction, preventing water from accumulating inside the fuel cell and maintaining the internal pressure balance of the system to prevent excessive retention of unreacted gases from affecting the reaction efficiency.

[0072] Optionally, before calculating the hydrogen leakage, the stability of the hydrogen supply flow rate data can be verified, and key parameters such as the power generation current used to calculate the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate can be confirmed to be normal, so as to avoid data errors affecting the accuracy of the leakage calculation results.

[0073] The theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate refers to the theoretical hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell under the current power generation state, based on the stoichiometric relationship of hydrogen participating in the electrochemical reaction. Its value is directly related to the power generation current of the fuel cell.

[0074] Specifically, according to the electrochemical reaction formula between hydrogen and oxygen:

[0075]

[0076] Power generation current The entire flow rate is contributed by hydrogen. By measuring the real-time power generation current of the fuel cell and combining it with the stoichiometric ratio of the reaction, the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate per unit time can be derived.

[0077] S203: Based on the amount of hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen leakage detection results, and the performance status of the fuel cell, obtain the hydrogen leakage diagnosis results of the fuel cell.

[0078] Among them, the hydrogen leakage detection result is the result detected by the hydrogen leakage sensor outside the fuel cell.

[0079] Among them, the hydrogen leakage detection results, together with the performance status of the fuel cell, are used to distinguish between internal and external leaks.

[0080] The diagnosis results for hydrogen leaks include the type and level of the leak.

[0081] In some embodiments, the hydrogen leakage level of the fuel cell is obtained based on the value of the hydrogen leakage amount, and the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is obtained based on the hydrogen leakage detection results and the performance status of the fuel cell.

[0082] Hydrogen leak levels are categorized as: negligible leak, minor leak, and serious leak.

[0083] Hydrogen leaks can be categorized into internal leaks, external leaks, and mixed leaks.

[0084] Internal leakage refers to the leakage of hydrogen into the fuel cell stack anode and water circuit; external leakage refers to the leakage of hydrogen into the atmosphere and packaging box; and mixed leakage refers to the simultaneous occurrence of internal and external leakage, that is, the leakage of hydrogen into both the fuel cell stack anode or water circuit and into the atmosphere or packaging box.

[0085] Negligible leakage refers to hydrogen leakage that is within the preset normal leakage range of the fuel cell hydrogen system and will not affect the safe operation of the fuel cell or the performance of the stack.

[0086] A minor leak refers to a leak in which the amount of hydrogen leaked exceeds the upper limit of the normal leakage range of the fuel cell hydrogen system, but does not exceed the maximum allowable leakage amount. It does not endanger the safe operation of the system but may have a slight impact on the performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0087] A serious leak refers to a hydrogen leak that exceeds the maximum permissible leak amount of the fuel cell hydrogen system. This may lead to problems such as water bubbles in the coolant, local overheating of the fuel cell stack, and the formation of a hydrogen-air interface, which in turn affects the lifespan of the fuel cell stack and may even cause safety hazards.

[0088] Specifically, if the amount of hydrogen leakage is less than or equal to the first leakage threshold, it is a negligible leak; if the amount of hydrogen leakage is greater than the first leakage threshold but less than or equal to the second leakage threshold, it is a minor leak; and if the amount of hydrogen leakage is greater than the second leakage threshold, it is a serious leak.

[0089] The first leakage threshold refers to the upper limit of the preset normal leakage range of the fuel cell hydrogen system. When the hydrogen leakage is less than this threshold, the hydrogen leakage is within the allowable normal range and is judged as negligible leakage.

[0090] The second leakage threshold refers to the maximum permissible leakage amount preset in the fuel cell hydrogen system. When the hydrogen leakage amount is greater than the first leakage threshold but less than or equal to the threshold, the hydrogen leakage exceeds the normal range but does not exceed the safety limit and is judged as a minor leakage. When the hydrogen leakage amount is greater than the threshold, the hydrogen leakage has exceeded the safety control range and is judged as a serious leakage.

[0091] In some embodiments, when the hydrogen leak detection result indicates hydrogen leakage and the fuel cell performance status is normal, the hydrogen leak type of the fuel cell is external leakage; when the hydrogen leak detection result indicates no hydrogen leakage and the fuel cell performance status is slightly degraded or severely degraded, the hydrogen leak type of the fuel cell is internal leakage; and when the hydrogen leak detection result indicates hydrogen leakage and the fuel cell performance status is slightly degraded or severely degraded, the hydrogen leak type of the fuel cell is mixed leakage.

[0092] The performance status of a fuel cell includes: normal performance, slight performance degradation, and severe performance degradation.

[0093] Hydrogen leak detection results include: hydrogen leak or no hydrogen leak.

[0094] Specifically, the performance status of a fuel cell is directly related to the degree of internal leakage in the hydrogen system: when there is no internal leakage or only negligible internal leakage in the hydrogen system, the fuel cell stack is not affected by the leakage and its performance remains normal; when there is a slight internal leakage in the hydrogen system, a small amount of hydrogen leaks into the stack anode or water circuit, which will cause a slight decrease in fuel cell performance; when there is a serious internal leakage in the hydrogen system, a large amount of hydrogen leaks into the stack anode or water circuit, which will cause a serious decrease in fuel cell performance and may even cause problems such as local overheating of the stack.

[0095] The hydrogen leak detection results are collected by atmospheric hydrogen leak sensors and packaging tank hydrogen leak sensors outside the fuel cell. These two types of sensors are used to monitor the amount of hydrogen leaking into the atmosphere and packaging tank, respectively: when the sensor detects the presence of hydrogen in the atmosphere or packaging tank, the hydrogen leak detection result is hydrogen leak; when the sensor does not detect the presence of hydrogen in the atmosphere or packaging tank, the hydrogen leak detection result is no hydrogen leak. It should be noted that if there is only a negligible external leak, due to the limitation of sensor resolution, it may also present a detection result of no hydrogen leak.

[0096] For example, when the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is a mixed leakage, the internal leakage sub-leakage level corresponding to the internal leakage and the external leakage sub-leakage level corresponding to the external leakage are determined based on the hydrogen leakage level and the performance status of the fuel cell.

[0097] Specifically, hydrogen leak detection results are collected by atmospheric hydrogen leak sensors and packaging tank hydrogen leak sensors outside the fuel cell to monitor whether hydrogen leaks into the atmosphere or the packaging tank. The performance status of the fuel cell is judged by parameters such as stack voltage and power. When internal leakage is negligible, the performance is normal; when there is a slight internal leak, the performance decreases slightly; and when there is a severe internal leak, the performance decreases severely. Therefore, combining the two can accurately distinguish the type of leak: when hydrogen leak detection shows hydrogen leakage and the performance is normal, only external leakage exists; when hydrogen leak detection does not show hydrogen leakage but the performance decreases, only internal leakage exists; when hydrogen leak detection shows hydrogen leakage and the performance decreases, both internal and external leakage exist, i.e., a mixed leakage.

[0098] The internal leak level refers to the severity level of a mixed leak, specifically the internal leak portion where hydrogen leaks into the fuel cell anode or water circuit. It is consistent with the classification of individual internal leaks and includes negligible internal leaks, minor internal leaks, and severe internal leaks.

[0099] External leak level refers to the severity level of a mixed leak, specifically the external leakage of hydrogen to the atmosphere or the enclosure. It is consistent with the classification of individual external leaks and includes negligible external leak, minor external leak, and serious external leak.

[0100] Specifically, based on the hydrogen leak level and the performance status of the fuel cell, the internal leak level corresponding to the internal leak and the external leak level corresponding to the external leak in the mixed leak are determined as follows: First, the external leak level is determined based on the hydrogen leak sensor readings. A reading less than or equal to the severe threshold indicates a minor external leak, while a reading greater than the severe threshold indicates a severe external leak. Then, the internal leak level is determined based on the fuel cell performance status. A slight performance degradation indicates a minor internal leak, while a severe performance degradation indicates a severe internal leak. If the hydrogen leak level is minor, both the external and internal leak levels are considered minor. If the hydrogen leak level is severe, both the external and internal leak levels are considered minor or severe, and the combined effect of both results in an overall severe leak.

[0101] like Figure 3 As shown in the embodiments of this application, another method for diagnosing hydrogen leaks in a fuel cell may include:

[0102] S300: Obtain the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate of the fuel cell.

[0103] The theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate is used to describe the amount of hydrogen required by a fuel cell stack under normal operating conditions with no hydrogen leakage.

[0104] In some embodiments, the hydrogen consumption is calculated based on the fuel cell stack output current and operating voltage, and the hydrogen consumption is corrected to obtain the theoretical hydrogen consumption.

[0105] Specifically, the stack output current of the fuel cell is collected in real time by a current sensor, and the average operating voltage of a single cell of the fuel cell is obtained by a voltage acquisition module. Preset hydrogen utilization parameters are obtained, and based on the principle of electrochemical reaction, combined with the stack output current, the average operating voltage of a single cell, and the hydrogen utilization rate, the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate is initially determined. The real-time temperature and pressure on the anode side of the stack are collected. The initially determined theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate is corrected according to the real-time temperature and pressure to eliminate the influence of environmental conditions on hydrogen measurement, and the final theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate is obtained.

[0106] Among them, the preset hydrogen utilization rate parameter is pre-calibrated based on the stack type and operating conditions, reflecting the proportion of hydrogen participating in the electrochemical reaction.

[0107] S301: Obtain the hydrogen supply flow rate of the fuel cell.

[0108] For a description of this step, please refer to S201. It will not be elaborated further here.

[0109] S302: Determine the amount of hydrogen leakage in the fuel cell based on the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate and the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow rate of the fuel cell.

[0110] For a description of this step, please refer to S202; it will not be elaborated upon here.

[0111] S303: Based on the amount of hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen leakage detection results, and the performance status of the fuel cell, the hydrogen leakage diagnosis results of the fuel cell are obtained.

[0112] For a description of this step, please refer to S203; it will not be elaborated upon here.

[0113] S304: Based on the hydrogen leak diagnosis results, take targeted measures to address the fuel cell issue.

[0114] In some embodiments, leaks in fuel cells are addressed based on the level and type of leakage.

[0115] Among them, "targeted treatment" refers to matching the corresponding leakage treatment measures according to the severity of the leakage level and the leakage type.

[0116] Specifically, the handling refers to formulating and implementing corresponding fuel cell operation control strategies based on the hydrogen leak diagnosis results, while simultaneously transmitting fault warning information to bench test personnel in order to protect the fuel cell, prevent safety hazards caused by leaks, and guide test personnel in carrying out maintenance work.

[0117] Specifically, if the leak type is internal or external and the leak level is severe, a leak warning message is sent and the fuel cell operation is stopped. Alternatively, if the leak type is internal or external and the leak level is minor, a leak warning message is sent; or if the leak type is internal or external and the leak level is negligible, no action is taken. Alternatively, if the leak type is a mixed leak and the internal or external leak level is severe, a leak warning message is sent and the fuel cell operation is stopped. If the leak type is a mixed leak and both the internal and external leak levels are minor, a leak warning message is sent; or if the leak type is a mixed leak and both the internal and external leak levels are negligible, no action is taken.

[0118] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a fuel cell leak diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method can be executed by a fuel cell test bench controller, which can be... Figure 1 The specific steps for the fuel cell test bench controller 101 are as follows:

[0119] S401: Diagnostic initiation and boundary condition determination.

[0120] First, determine whether the fuel cell system meets the diagnostic boundary conditions. If not, return to the beginning.

[0121] The diagnostic boundary conditions include, but are not limited to: stable operation of the fuel cell stack, stable hydrogen supply pressure, ambient temperature and humidity within the effective detection range of the sensors, and no hardware faults in the core sensors.

[0122] Stable operation of the fuel cell stack means that current and voltage fluctuations are within a preset threshold.

[0123] Stable hydrogen supply pressure means that fluctuations in hydrogen supply pressure are within a preset pressure stability threshold range.

[0124] If the diagnostic boundary conditions are met, execute S402; otherwise, return to the beginning and re-execute S401.

[0125] S402: Preliminary diagnosis of hydrogen system leak.

[0126] Specifically, if the diagnostic boundary conditions are met, a preliminary diagnosis of hydrogen system leakage is performed. This is done by collecting real-time hydrogen concentration data from atmospheric hydrogen leakage sensors and encapsulation box hydrogen leakage sensors, combined with the difference between the hydrogen supply flow rate monitored by the hydrogen flow meter and the theoretical consumption flow rate of the fuel cell stack.

[0127] S403: Detailed diagnosis of hydrogen system leak.

[0128] After a preliminary diagnosis revealed a suspected leak, a detailed diagnosis of the hydrogen system leak was conducted.

[0129] S404: Fault Management.

[0130] Based on the detailed diagnostic results, fault management is implemented, and the process ends after implementation. For example, if it is a minor leak, an early warning is triggered and the system operating parameters are dynamically adjusted; if it is a serious leak, the hydrogen supply is immediately cut off, the fuel cell system is shut down, and a fault alarm message is sent to the monitoring terminal to prompt manual intervention for investigation.

[0131] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a preliminary leak diagnosis for a fuel cell provided in an embodiment of this application. This logic can be executed by a fuel cell test bench controller, which can be... Figure 1 The specific steps for the fuel cell test bench controller 101 are as follows:

[0132] Initiate a preliminary leak diagnosis to determine if the hydrogen leak exceeds the upper limit of the normal leakage range of the hydrogen system. If the leak does not exceed the upper limit, it is considered negligible and fault management is initiated. If the leak exceeds the upper limit, it is further determined whether it exceeds the maximum permissible leakage capacity of the hydrogen system. If the leak exceeds the maximum permissible leakage capacity, it is considered a serious leak. If the leak does not exceed the maximum permissible leakage capacity, it is considered a minor leak, falling within the range of upper limit < leak amount ≤ maximum permissible leakage capacity. For leaks classified as minor or serious, proceed to the detailed diagnostic phase.

[0133] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a detailed leak diagnosis for a fuel cell provided in an embodiment of this application. This logic can be executed by a fuel cell test bench controller, which can be... Figure 1 The specific steps for the fuel cell test bench controller 101 are as follows:

[0134] When the fuel cell test bench controller performs a detailed diagnosis of hydrogen system leaks, if it is a minor leak, it first uses a hydrogen leak sensor to determine whether a hydrogen leak is detected. If no hydrogen leak is detected, it is determined to be a negligible external leak or a minor internal leak. If a hydrogen leak is detected, it is then combined with whether the fuel cell performance has slightly decreased. If the performance has not decreased, it is a minor external leak or a negligible internal leak. If the performance has slightly decreased, it is a minor external leak or a minor internal leak.

[0135] Optionally, in the case of a serious leak, the hydrogen leak sensor is first used to determine if an external leak is detected. If no external leak is detected, it is classified as a negligible external leak or a serious internal leak. If an external leak is detected, the hydrogen leak sensor reading is checked to see if it exceeds the serious threshold. If it does, it is classified as a serious external leak. Next, the fuel cell performance is assessed to determine if it has significantly degraded. A significant performance degradation indicates a serious external leak or a serious internal leak. Further assessment is needed to determine if the fuel cell performance has slightly degraded. A slight performance degradation indicates a serious external leak or a slight internal leak, while no slight performance degradation indicates a serious external leak or a negligible internal leak. If the hydrogen leak sensor reading is not greater than the serious threshold (i.e., a slight external leak), then, considering the fuel cell performance, a significant performance degradation indicates a slight external leak or a serious internal leak but with an overall serious leak, while no significant performance degradation indicates a slight external leak or a slight internal leak but with an overall serious leak. All diagnostic results are ultimately incorporated into the fault management process.

[0136] like Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of a fuel cell system leakage monitoring system. The system mainly includes a circulation management module 701, a leakage monitoring module 702, and a fuel cell 703.

[0137] Among them, the circulation management module 701 is responsible for the transportation, circulation and recovery of hydrogen and exhaust drainage, providing a stable hydrogen source for fuel cells, and providing a flow reference for leak diagnosis.

[0138] Specifically, the loop management module 701 includes:

[0139] Hydrogen flow meter 704: measures the total hydrogen supply flow into the system in real time.

[0140] Hydrogen supply flow path 705: A channel for the external hydrogen input system, which delivers hydrogen to the hydrogen supply and return assembly.

[0141] Hydrogen supply and return assembly 707: Part of the hydrogen is sent to the fuel cell stack to participate in the reaction through the hydrogen inlet flow path, while the other part of the unreacted hydrogen is recycled back to the system through the hydrogen return flow path 706, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization rate.

[0142] Exhaust / drain valve 709 and hydrogen exhaust flow path 708: manage the exhaust process after the fuel cell reaction, maintain the internal fluid balance of the system, and discharge gases with potential leakage risks.

[0143] The leak detection module 702 is responsible for monitoring hydrogen leaks and executing safety policies through the controller.

[0144] Leakage monitoring module 702 includes:

[0145] Atmospheric hydrogen leakage sensor 710: Monitors the hydrogen concentration in the atmosphere surrounding the system.

[0146] Fuel cell controller 712: Collects flow data from hydrogen flow meter and concentration data from two types of hydrogen leakage sensors, analyzes and judges the leakage status, and triggers safety actions, such as shutting down when the leakage exceeds the limit.

[0147] Encapsulation box hydrogen leakage sensor 714: monitors the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell encapsulation box.

[0148] Hydrogen inlet flow path 713: This is the channel that delivers the hydrogen distributed by the hydrogen supply and return assembly to the fuel cell stack. It is the bridge for hydrogen to enter the stack, and its flow data is also collected by the controller for leak analysis.

[0149] Fuel cell 703: It is the core component for hydrogen to undergo electrochemical reactions and achieve energy conversion, and it is also the main potential area for hydrogen leakage.

[0150] Fuel cell 703 includes: stack anode (hydrogen path) 715: the region where hydrogen participates in the electrochemical reaction, the place where hydrogen is "effectively consumed".

[0151] Alternatively, if the fuel cell stack malfunctions, hydrogen may leak from here.

[0152] Cathode (air path) 716: The region where oxygen participates in the electrochemical reaction; hydrogen may diffuse to this area in case of internal leakage.

[0153] Waterway 717: The thermal management channel of the fuel cell stack, which carries away the heat of the reaction through coolant; internal leakage of hydrogen may also enter the waterway, posing a safety hazard.

[0154] Encapsulation box 718: The encapsulation structure of the fuel cell stack, which serves to protect and constrain it; the hydrogen concentration inside the encapsulation box is monitored by a hydrogen leakage sensor to determine whether the fuel cell stack is leaking hydrogen into the interior.

[0155] Optionally, the hydrogen consumption flow rate and hydrogen leakage rate are also considered within the fuel cell stack.

[0156] like Figure 8 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a hydrogen leak diagnosis device for a fuel cell. The hydrogen leak diagnosis device for a fuel cell may include: an acquisition module 801, a judgment module 802, and a diagnosis module 803.

[0157] Among them, the acquisition module 801 is used to execute Figure 2 The operation of S201 in the illustrated method and Figure 3 In the illustrated method, S301, the judgment module 802 is used to execute... Figure 2 The operation of S202 in the illustrated method and Figure 3 In the illustrated method, the operation of S302 is performed by the diagnostic module 803. Figure 2 The operation of S203 in the illustrated method and Figure 3 The operation of S303 in the illustrated method.

[0158] In some embodiments, the hydrogen leak diagnostic device for the fuel cell includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function in order to achieve the above-described functions. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0159] This application embodiment can divide the hydrogen leak diagnostic device for fuel cells into functional modules according to the above method embodiment. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0160] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the electronic device includes, but is not limited to, a processor 901 and a memory 902.

[0161] The aforementioned memory 902 is used to store the executable instructions of the aforementioned processor 901. It is understood that the aforementioned processor 901 is configured to execute instructions to implement the testing method in the above embodiments.

[0162] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9 The electronic device structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device; the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, other electronic devices. Figure 9 This may indicate more or fewer components, or combinations of certain components, or different component arrangements.

[0163] Processor 901 is the control center of the electronic device. It connects various parts of the electronic device via various interfaces and lines. By running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in memory 902, and by calling data stored in memory 902, it performs various functions and processes data, thereby providing overall monitoring of the electronic device. Processor 901 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, processor 901 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and applications, while the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 901.

[0164] The memory 902 can be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 902 may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, application programs required by at least one functional module (such as a determination unit, processing unit, etc.), etc. Furthermore, the memory 902 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0165] Through the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the module can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0166] The method steps in this embodiment can be implemented in hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary embodiment couples a storage medium to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC can reside in a network device. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can exist as discrete components in the network device. In the above embodiments, implementation can be entirely or partially achieved through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented entirely or partially as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When a computer program or instruction is loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions of the embodiments of this application are performed. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable module. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, a computer program or instructions may be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; or an optical medium, such as a digital video disc (DVD); or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive (SSD). The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0167] Since the hydrogen leak diagnostic device for fuel cells in the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to the above-described method, the technical effects it can achieve can also be referred to the above-described method embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention will not be repeated here. The above are only specific embodiments of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims. The method steps in this embodiment can be implemented by hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, thereby enabling the processor to read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a network device. Of course, the processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the network device. In the above embodiments, implementation can be entirely or partially achieved through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be entirely or partially implemented in the form of a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions of the embodiments of this application are performed. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable modules. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, a computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media.The usable medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disc (DVD); or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive (SSD). The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen gas leakage diagnosis method for a fuel cell, characterized by, The method comprises: acquiring a hydrogen supply flow of the fuel cell in a fuel cell bench test power generation state, the hydrogen supply flow being a hydrogen mass or volume amount delivered to the fuel cell; determining a hydrogen leakage amount of the fuel cell based on a difference between the hydrogen supply flow and a theoretical hydrogen consumption flow of the fuel cell; obtaining a hydrogen leakage level of the fuel cell based on a value of the hydrogen leakage amount; obtaining a hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell based on a hydrogen leakage detection result and a performance state of the fuel cell, wherein the hydrogen leakage detection result is a result detected by a hydrogen leakage sensor outside the fuel cell, the hydrogen leakage type includes external leakage and internal leakage, in a case where the hydrogen leakage detection result is hydrogen leakage and the performance state of the fuel cell is normal performance, the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is external leakage, in a case where the hydrogen leakage detection result is no hydrogen leakage and the performance state of the fuel cell is slight performance decline or serious performance decline, the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is internal leakage, the external leakage refers to hydrogen leakage to the outside of the fuel cell, and the internal leakage refers to hydrogen leakage to the inside of the fuel cell; generating a hydrogen leakage diagnosis result of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage level and the hydrogen leakage type.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The obtaining of the hydrogen leakage level of the fuel cell based on the value of the hydrogen leakage amount comprises: in a case where the value of the hydrogen leakage amount is less than or equal to a first leakage amount threshold, the hydrogen leakage is negligible; in a case where the value of the hydrogen leakage amount is greater than the first leakage amount threshold and less than or equal to a second leakage amount threshold, the hydrogen leakage is slight; in a case where the value of the hydrogen leakage amount is greater than the second leakage amount threshold, the hydrogen leakage is serious.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The obtaining of the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage detection result and the performance state of the fuel cell comprises: in a case where the hydrogen leakage detection result is hydrogen leakage and the performance state of the fuel cell is slight performance decline or serious performance decline, the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is mixed leakage, and the mixed leakage refers to hydrogen leakage both to the outside of the fuel cell and to the inside of the fuel cell.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The method further comprises: in a case where the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is the mixed leakage, determining an internal leakage sub-leakage level corresponding to internal leakage and an external leakage sub-leakage level corresponding to external leakage in the mixed leakage based on the hydrogen leakage level and the performance state of the fuel cell.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further comprises: performing targeted treatment on the leakage of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage diagnosis result.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The performing of the targeted treatment on the leakage of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage diagnosis result comprises: matching a corresponding leakage treatment measure based on a leakage level and a leakage type of the leakage corresponding to the hydrogen leakage diagnosis result, and performing targeted treatment on the leakage of the fuel cell based on the leakage treatment measure.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The matching of the corresponding leakage treatment measure based on the leakage level and the leakage type of the leakage corresponding to the hydrogen leakage diagnosis result, and the performing of the targeted treatment on the leakage of the fuel cell based on the leakage treatment measure, comprise: In a case where the leakage type is internal leakage or external leakage and the leakage level is serious leakage, sending a leakage prompt information and stopping the operation of the fuel cell; Or, In a case where the leakage type is internal leakage or external leakage and the leakage level of the internal leakage or external leakage is slight leakage, sending a leakage prompt information; Or, In a case where the leakage type is internal leakage or external leakage and the leakage level of the internal leakage or external leakage is negligible leakage, not performing processing; Or, In a case where the leakage type is mixed leakage and the leakage level of the internal leakage or external leakage is serious leakage, sending a leakage prompt information and stopping the operation of the fuel cell; Or, In a case where the leakage type is mixed leakage and the leakage level of the internal leakage or external leakage is slight leakage, sending a leakage prompt information; Or, In a case where the leakage type is mixed leakage and the leakage level of the internal leakage or external leakage is negligible leakage, not performing processing.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further comprises: obtaining a theoretical hydrogen consumption flow of the fuel cell, the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow being used to describe the amount of hydrogen required by the fuel cell stack under the condition that there is no hydrogen leakage and the stack is normally operated.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The obtaining of the theoretical hydrogen consumption flow of the fuel cell comprises: calculating a hydrogen consumption amount based on a stack output current and a working voltage of the fuel cell; correcting the hydrogen consumption amount to obtain a theoretical hydrogen consumption amount.

10. A hydrogen leak diagnostic device for a fuel cell, characterized in that, The apparatus comprises: an obtaining module configured to obtain a hydrogen supply flow of the fuel cell, the hydrogen supply flow being the amount of hydrogen mass or volume delivered to the fuel cell; a judging module configured to determine a hydrogen leakage amount of the fuel cell based on a difference between the hydrogen supply flow and a theoretical hydrogen consumption amount of the fuel cell; a diagnosing module configured to obtain a hydrogen leakage level of the fuel cell based on a value of the hydrogen leakage amount; the diagnosing module is further configured to obtain a hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell based on a hydrogen leakage detection result and a performance state of the fuel cell, wherein the hydrogen leakage type comprises external leakage and internal leakage, the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is external leakage in a case where the hydrogen leakage detection result is hydrogen leakage and the performance state of the fuel cell is normal performance, the hydrogen leakage type of the fuel cell is internal leakage in a case where the hydrogen leakage detection result is no hydrogen leakage and the performance state of the fuel cell is slight performance decline or serious performance decline, the external leakage refers to hydrogen leakage to the outside of the fuel cell, and the internal leakage refers to hydrogen leakage to the inside of the fuel cell; the diagnosing module is further configured to generate a hydrogen leakage diagnosis result of the fuel cell based on the hydrogen leakage level and the hydrogen leakage type.

11. An electronic device, comprising: a device comprise: a processor; a memory storing a computer program; when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1-9 is implemented.

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