Dry-type transformer convenient to assemble and assembling method

Abstract

The invention relates to a dry-type transformer convenient to assemble, and aims to solve the technical problem that a winding and an iron core are not coaxial due to the fact that a cushion block and U-shaped steel are easy to shift during transportation or impact of external force when the cushion block and the U-shaped steel are arranged in an abutting manner. According to the technical scheme, an elastic limiting block is additionally arranged in a U-shaped opening of a cushion block on the lower side of a winding, so that the upper end of U-shaped steel is embedded, and multi-face stable contact is formed through the limiting block and the cushion block. The upper end and the lower end of the limiting block tightly abut against the cushion block and the U-shaped steel respectively, friction force is enhanced by enlarging the contact face, and meanwhile the additional pressing effect is provided through elastic interference fit. Through the structural design and material characteristics of the limiting blocks, the relative positions of the cushion blocks and the U-shaped steel are effectively restrained, displacement caused by gravity direction change or external force impact is avoided, the coaxiality of the winding and the iron core is ensured, and meanwhile the assembly process is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of winding support device technology, and in particular to a dry-type transformer and assembly method that are easy to assemble. Background Technology

[0002] In the core and winding support system of a dry-type transformer, the bottom load-bearing component is usually a U-shaped steel. The winding is placed on the upper surface of the U-shaped steel with the help of four equally spaced pads, thus forming a three-layer support structure of "U-shaped steel-pads-winding".

[0003] In existing technology devices, the material design of the windings and spacers focuses on insulation performance: the windings are generally coated with an insulating layer using an epoxy resin vacuum casting process. This material has the characteristics of high density and excellent mechanical strength, which can effectively isolate the windings from the external environment and enhance the stability of the overall structure. The spacers are generally made of rigid plastics (such as phenolic resin and unsaturated polyester), while glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) or polyimide are used in some high-end applications.

[0004] In practical applications, although the combination of insulating materials used in the winding and the pad has a high static friction coefficient (static friction coefficient μ≈0.6~0.8 between resin and plastic contact surfaces), the contact surface between the pad and the U-shaped steel can maintain a relatively static state under normal gravity. However, there are some problems: (1) Difference in contact surface characteristics: The upper surface of the U-shaped steel is a smooth cold-rolled steel plate (surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm), and the static friction coefficient μ between it and the plastic pad is 0.2~0.3, which is lower than the common static friction coefficient between steels of 0.15~0.20; (2) Lack of mechanical constraints: There is no limiting mechanism between the pad and the U-shaped steel. The plane contact is achieved only by gravity, and the contact area is limited (the contact area of ​​a single pad is usually <100cm²).

[0005] Therefore, during actual transportation, installation, and long-term operation, the aforementioned structural contradictions can lead to pad displacement. Specifically, the triggering conditions for pad displacement are as follows: Transportation impact—the vertical acceleration (up to 1.5g) generated by vehicle bumps causes the normal pressure between the pad and the U-shaped steel to decrease instantaneously, and the static friction exceeds the threshold; Tilt conditions—when turning or going uphill / downhill during transportation, the overall tilt angle of the transformer reaches 15°~30°, and the tangential component of gravity along the surface of the U-shaped steel increases, which in turn leads to lateral sliding of the pad; Vibration accumulation—during long-term operation, 50Hz power frequency vibration causes the pad to produce a slight "creep," and the displacement accumulates linearly with operating time.

[0006] Meanwhile, since there is no relative movement between the winding and the spacer, the displacement of the spacer will directly cause the entire winding to shift, leading to the following problems: Installation and commissioning difficulties—after transportation, the coaxiality deviation between the winding and the core is usually 2-5mm, requiring on-site calibration with a dial indicator, increasing the adjustment time per unit by 2-3 hours; Insulation system failure risk: the winding displacement causes uneven distance from the core, with a minimum gap of <5mm, and the core edges are prone to scratching the resin insulation layer, causing partial discharge (partial discharge >10pC); Electric field distortion risk—the winding displacement changes the radial electric field distribution, and the local field strength can increase from the design value of 2MV / m to more than 5MV / m, accelerating insulation aging; Maintenance costs increase significantly: the maintenance cycle is shortened to 3 months / time, and the proportion of spacer repositioning work exceeds 40%.

[0007] These defects severely limit the transportation safety, installation efficiency, and long-term operational stability of dry-type transformers. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the connection reliability problem between the pad and the U-shaped steel through structural optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the limitations of existing technologies, this invention proposes a dry-type transformer and its assembly method that are easy to assemble. This device can suppress relative movement between the pad and the U-shaped steel, offering advantages such as improved safety performance, guaranteed usability, and reduced maintenance costs.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A dry-type transformer that is easy to assemble includes an iron core with U-shaped steel on the left and right sides and windings on the top side. Multiple pads with a vertical U-shaped structure are provided on the side ends of the iron core. The upper horizontal part of the U-shaped steel is embedded in the U-shaped opening of the pad. A limit block is provided inside the U-shaped opening of the pad. The upper and lower ends of the limit block abut against the pad and the U-shaped steel, respectively. The limit block is made of elastic material and has an interference fit with the pad and the U-shaped steel.

[0010] Preferably, the projection of each limiting block on the vertical plane is a right trapezoidal structure, and the angle between the inclined end of each limiting block and the horizontal plane is greater than 0° and less than 5°.

[0011] Preferably, two limiting blocks are embedded inside the U-shaped opening of each pad, the two limiting blocks are equidistant along the length of the U-shaped steel, and the inclined ends of the two limiting blocks are located on the side closest to each other.

[0012] The assembly method of a dry-type transformer described above specifically includes: S1: Select an appropriate number of spacers and embed the upper part of the U-shaped steel into the U-shaped opening of the spacer; S2: Move the pads to the appropriate position to ensure that the multiple pads corresponding to a single winding are equidistantly arranged around the central axis of the winding, and that the horizontal projection of a single winding coincides with the horizontal projection of its multiple corresponding pads. S3: Two limiting blocks are embedded in the U-shaped opening of each pad to ensure that the upper and lower ends of the limiting blocks abut against the pad and the U-shaped steel respectively; S4: When the winding moves downward relative to the pad, the two limiting blocks corresponding to each pad move synchronously towards each other and embed into the U-shaped opening of the corresponding pad under the drive of the mounting mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the installation mechanism includes a positioning plate detachably connected to the U-shaped steel, a driven gear I rotatably connected to the positioning plate for the pad block, and an L-shaped rod meshing and drivingly connected to the front and rear sides of each driven gear I, the L-shaped rod abutting against the corresponding limiting block.

[0014] Preferably, the installation mechanism includes a driving component, the angle between the end face of the driving component near the winding and the horizontal plane is greater than 0° and less than 90°, and the horizontal projection of each driving component coincides with the horizontal projection of the winding. The longitudinal height of each driving component is greater than the longitudinal height of the pad. Each driving component has a receiving groove for accommodating the pad. Each driving component is slidably connected to a corresponding positioning plate. The driving component moves linearly relative to the iron core along the radius line of the winding. Furthermore, a rack I is fixedly connected to the driving component, and the rack I is connected to the driven gear I through a transmission gear set I.

[0015] Preferably, each of the drive components includes a support frame with an L-shaped vertical structure, a contact member is rotatably connected to the upper side of the vertical section of the support frame, an angle control member is provided between the contact member and the support frame, and when the winding moves downward relative to the pad, the contact member increases the angle between itself and the horizontal plane under the action of the angle control member.

[0016] Preferably, each of the angle control components includes a rack II fixedly connected to the positioning plate, a transmission gear set II is provided on one side of the rack II, and each of the angle control components also includes a rack III. The rack III and the rack II are connected by transmission gear set II. Furthermore, each rack III is connected by transmission rod to a corresponding contact member. Each rack III is slidably connected to a corresponding support frame. Each rack III moves linearly along the winding radius line.

[0017] Preferably, each positioning plate is provided with two driven gears I, and each driven gear I is equipped with a transmission gear set I, a transmission gear set II, a rack I, a rack II, and a rack III. Furthermore, the two driven gears I correspond to two pads on the same side. Each positioning plate is provided with a synchronous transmission component I, and the transmission gear set I on each positioning plate is kept in synchronous rotation through the synchronous transmission component I. A synchronous transmission component II is provided between the two positioning plates, and the driving components on the two positioning plates are kept in synchronous opposite motion through the synchronous transmission component II.

[0018] Preferably, the synchronous transmission component II includes driven gears II located near the ends of the two positioning plates. Each driven gear II is rotatably connected to the corresponding positioning plate, and a rack IV is meshed and driven on one side of each driven gear II. The rack IV is slidably connected to the corresponding positioning plate. Each rack IV is meshed and driven on the side away from the corresponding driven gear II. A rack V is meshed and driven on the side of the driven gear III away from the corresponding rack IV. The rack V is fixedly connected to the adjacent support frame.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: To enhance structural stability and avoid misalignment between the windings and the core: the spacer adopts a U-shaped structure design, tightly fitting with the U-shaped steel, and significantly increases frictional resistance through multi-faceted contact elastic limiting blocks (replacing traditional single-face contact). The limiting blocks are made of elastic material (such as rubber) and feature an interference fit design, which can apply additional clamping force, effectively preventing spacer displacement due to changes in gravity direction or external impacts during transportation or use. This ensures that the windings and core maintain a coaxial state over the long term, improving the reliability of transformer operation.

[0020] Enhancing installation safety and convenience: The inclined end face design of the drive component and its contact characteristics with the winding slows down the winding's descent speed, allowing operators to adjust the winding's posture and position promptly. This avoids the risk of collisions caused by the winding's rapid descent, ensuring a safe and controllable installation process. Furthermore, the sliding connection and stroke design between the drive component and the positioning plate ensure that the winding prioritizes contact with the drive component during descent, only contacting the pad after there is no travel conflict between the drive component and the pad. This prevents interference between components and improves operational smoothness.

[0021] To ensure the coaxiality of the winding and the iron core and protect the insulation layer: Synchronous transmission component I and synchronous transmission component II work together to enable multiple driving components to move synchronously, ensuring that the distance and angle between the contact component and the iron core remain consistent. Through horizontal thrust balance, the winding is prompted to adjust itself to a coaxial state with the iron core, avoiding inner wall friction caused by eccentricity. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation relationship between the limiting block and the pad block of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the limiting block and the pad block of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting block structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the limiting block and the installation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation relationship between the limiting block and the L-shaped rod of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the meshing relationship between the driven gear I and the L-shaped rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the driving component and the positioning plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the driving component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the meshing relationship between rack III and transmission gear set II of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the meshing relationship between rack II and transmission gear set II of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation relationship between the transmission gear set II and the synchronous transmission component I of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation relationship between the driving component and the synchronous transmission component II of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Iron core; 2. Winding; 3. U-shaped steel; 4. Pad block; 5. Mounting mechanism; 501. L-shaped rod; 502. Driven gear I; 503. Transmission gear set I; 504. Positioning plate; 505. Driving component; 5051. Support frame; 5052. Contact component; 5053. Angle control component; 50531. Transmission rod; 50532. Rack III; 50533. Transmission gear set II; 50534. Rack II; 506. Rack I; 507. Synchronous transmission component II; 5071. Driven gear III; 5072. Driven gear II; 5073. Rack V; 5074. Rack IV; 508. Synchronous transmission component I; 6. Limiting block. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0026] This invention relates to a dry-type transformer that is easy to assemble. Its main purpose is to ensure the accuracy of the installation position of the spacer block 4, preventing positional displacement of the spacer block 4 relative to the U-shaped steel 3 during transportation and use, especially during transportation, due to changes in the direction of gravity or external impact. In the prior art, the complete unit is usually shipped after assembly at the manufacturer. However, the surface of the U-shaped steel 3 is smooth, and the spacer block 4 only relies on gravity to contact the winding 2 and the U-shaped steel 3, which easily leads to positional displacement. Due to changes in the direction of gravity (tilt of the entire transformer) or external impact, the position between the spacer block 4 and the U-shaped steel 3 changes, thereby preventing the winding 2 and the spacer block 4 from shifting relative to the U-shaped steel 3 as a whole, and preventing the phenomenon of misalignment between the winding 2 and the core 1.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 Similar to existing technology devices, this transformer includes a core 1 with a mountain-shaped structure. A U-shaped steel 3 is provided on the front and rear sides of the lower end of the core 1, and the U-shaped openings of the two U-shaped steels 3 are in opposite directions. At the same time, the core 1 and the U-shaped steel 3 are detachably fixedly connected by bolts (the horizontal section on the lower side of the core 1 has corresponding mounting holes for the bolts).

[0028] In addition, windings 2 are respectively installed on the three vertical sections of the core 1 (the high voltage winding 2 shown in the figure is generally provided on the inner side of the winding 2, which is not shown in the figure), and a support block 4 is provided on the lower side of the winding 2 (in the prior art, the upper and lower sides of the support block 4 abut against the upper end face of the U-shaped steel 3 and the lower end face of the winding 2 respectively).

[0029] It should be noted that there are generally four spacers 4. The four spacers 4 are equidistantly distributed around the central axis of the winding 2 (two spacers 4 for each U-shaped steel 3). This ensures that the spacers 4 can fully support the winding 2 and prevent the winding 2 from tilting due to force imbalance, that is, to avoid the phenomenon of the winding 2 and the core 1 being out of axis.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3Unlike existing devices, the projection of the constraint pad 4 on the vertical plane of this device is U-shaped, and the upper end of the U-shaped steel 3 is embedded in the U-shaped opening of the pad 4. That is, the U-shaped steel 3 and the corresponding pad 4 are opposite to each other, and the U-shaped steel 3 and the corresponding pad 4 are interlocked.

[0031] Furthermore, this device incorporates a limiting block 6 inside the U-shaped opening of the pad 4. The upper and lower ends of the limiting block 6 abut against the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3, respectively. The limiting block 6 increases the contact area between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3, transforming the single-sided contact in existing devices into multi-sided contact as in this application (the limiting block 6 transmits frictional force). This increases the frictional resistance between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3, preventing relative movement of the pad 4 relative to the U-shaped steel 3 during actual use.

[0032] Furthermore, the limiting block 6 of this device is made of an elastic material (such as sponge or rubber), which allows the limiting block 6, which is inserted into the U-shaped opening of the pad 4, to form an interference fit with the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3. This allows the limiting block 6 to apply additional clamping force to the pad 4, effectively preventing the pad 4 from moving relative to the U-shaped steel 3 during actual use.

[0033] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 4 As shown, the limiting block 6 includes rigid plates and elastic plates arranged vertically. By locally incorporating elastic material, the overall deformation of the limiting block 6 can be reduced, increasing the applied clamping force. Simultaneously, by reducing the deformation, the time required for the elastic plates to undergo irreversible deformation can be delayed, thereby extending the service life of the limiting block 6 and ensuring its continued effectiveness during long-term transformer operation.

[0034] It is important to emphasize that, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the limiting block 6 is located on the lower side of the U-shaped steel 3, which ensures that the part of the pad 4 located on the upper side of the U-shaped steel 3 directly abuts against the U-shaped steel 3, thus fully avoiding the problem of the pad 4 moving (longitudinal displacement) due to damage to the limiting block 6 during long-term use.

[0035] In addition, preferably, the elastic plate can be made of rubber material, so as to make full use of the high static friction resistance coefficient of rubber material, ensuring that the pad 4 is stable under normal conditions, and the pad 4 may be displaced relative to the U-shaped steel 3 only when it encounters a strong impact.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, this device projects each limiting block 6 into a right-angled trapezoidal structure in the vertical plane, a design that facilitates the installation of the limiting blocks 6. In actual operation, the operator can easily insert the limiting block 6 between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3 using the inclined surface at the upper end (initially, the distance between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3 is usually no greater than the normal height of the limiting block 6, ensuring that the limiting block 6 does not undergo elastic deformation in the initial state, thereby reducing the resistance encountered when the limiting block 6 enters between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3). Afterward, the operator continues to move the limiting block 6, increasing its width under the U-shaped steel 3. During this process, under pressure, the limiting block 6 continuously undergoes elastic deformation, tightly fitting the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3, thus generating strong frictional resistance. Simultaneously, the longitudinal reaction force applied by the limiting block 6 to the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3 also inhibits lateral relative movement between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3.

[0037] It is worth mentioning that the limiting block 6 itself has a right-angled trapezoidal structure, which ensures that even when the limiting block 6 is fully inserted between the pad block 4 and the U-shaped steel 3, there is still a large contact surface between the limiting block 6 and the U-shaped steel 3. This not only increases the reaction force, but also increases the frictional resistance by increasing the contact area.

[0038] At the same time, such as Figure 4 As shown, this device specifies that the angle between the inclined end of each limiting block 6 and the horizontal plane is greater than 0° and less than 5°. Utilizing the elastic deformation property of the limiting block 6 itself, when the limiting block 6 is fully inserted between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3 and deformed under force, the plane in which the limiting block 6 and the U-shaped steel 3 make complete contact is larger than the upper end face of the limiting block 6 under normal conditions.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, furthermore, the device embeds two limiting blocks 6 inside the U-shaped opening of each pad 4, and these two limiting blocks 6 are equidistant along the length of the U-shaped steel 3. In this case, by specifying that the inclined ends of the two limiting blocks 6 are located on their adjacent sides, in actual operation, opposing pressures can be applied to the distant ends of the two limiting blocks 6 corresponding to a single pad 4, using the mutual cancellation of the two pressures to ensure that the position of the pad 4 remains unchanged. Furthermore, this achieves the technical effect of embedding the limiting blocks 6 into the gap between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3.

[0040] It is important to emphasize that the dry-type transformer involved in this invention is easy to assemble and can be used with an installation mechanism to achieve rapid positioning and assembly; the installation mechanism will be defined in detail in the assembly method below.

[0041] Furthermore, the dry-type transformer that is easy to assemble according to the present invention can also use the following installation mechanism 5 as its installation auxiliary structure. That is, the dry-type transformer that is easy to assemble according to the present invention includes an iron core 1, with U-shaped steel 3 respectively provided on the left and right sides, a winding 2 provided on the upper side, and multiple pads 4 with a vertical layer projection in the form of a U-shaped structure provided on the side end of the iron core 1. The upper horizontal part of the U-shaped steel 3 is embedded in the U-shaped opening of the pad 4. At the same time, it also includes an installation mechanism 5.

[0042] After the dry-type transformer involved in this invention is installed, the installation auxiliary structure, namely the corresponding installation mechanism 5, can be removed and put into use.

[0043] Specifically, the assembly method of the dry-type transformer involved in this application in practical applications is as follows: 1. Select an appropriate number of spacers 4 and insert the upper part of the U-shaped steel 3 into the U-shaped opening of the spacer 4.

[0044] 2. Move the pad 4 to a suitable position to ensure that the multiple pads 4 corresponding to a single winding 2 are arranged at equal intervals around the central axis of the winding 2, and that the projection of a single winding 2 on the horizontal plane coincides with the projection of the corresponding multiple pads 4 on the horizontal plane.

[0045] 3. Two limiting blocks 6 are embedded in the U-shaped opening of each pad 4, so that the upper and lower ends of the limiting blocks 6 abut against the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3 respectively.

[0046] 4. When the winding 2 moves downward relative to the pad 4, the mounting mechanism 5 will drive the two limiting blocks 6 corresponding to each pad 4 to move synchronously towards each other until they are embedded in the U-shaped opening of the pad 4.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 Specifically, the mounting mechanism 5 in the assembly method includes a positioning plate 504 detachably connected to the U-shaped steel 3 (see...). Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 12 The positioning plate 504 is placed above the U-shaped steel 3 and is relatively fixed to the U-shaped steel 3 by means of a pin. On the lower side of the positioning plate 504, a driven gear I 502 is rotatably connected.

[0048] Therefore, this device provides an L-shaped rod 501 at the far end of each of the two limiting blocks 6 corresponding to each pad 4, and a driven gear I 502 is provided between the two L-shaped rods 501. At this time, the end of the L-shaped rod 501 near the driven gear I 502 has teeth, and the two L-shaped rods 501 are located on the front and rear sides of the driven gear I 502, respectively. This design utilizes the rotational characteristics of the gears, causing the driven gear I 502 to rotate and drive the two L-shaped rods 501 to move towards each other, thereby applying opposing pressure to the limiting blocks 6, ultimately squeezing the limiting blocks 6 into the gap between the U-shaped steel 3 and the pad 4.

[0049] It should be noted that, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the driven gear I 502 is rotatably connected to the positioning plate 504 by means of a bearing. The upper end of the L-shaped rod 501 is equipped with a sliding rod. Through the sliding rod, the L-shaped rod 501 can slide on the positioning plate 504, and is limited to lateral linear movement, avoiding longitudinal displacement, thereby effectively ensuring that the meshing state between the L-shaped rod 501 and the driven gear I 502 is not affected.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the device has corresponding limiting grooves on the side of the limiting block 6, and corresponding limiting protrusions are provided on the side of the L-shaped rod 501 near the limiting groove. This utilizes the cooperation between the limiting protrusions and the limiting groove to help fix the position of the limiting block 6 with the assistance of the L-shaped rod 501 (that is, in the initial state, the limiting block 6 does not enter the gap between the U-shaped steel 3 and the pad 4, and the limiting block 6 lacks longitudinal limitation. At this time, the positioning plate 504 is used to limit the longitudinal movement of the L-shaped rod 501, and the cooperation between the limiting protrusions and the limiting groove can achieve the longitudinal limitation of the limiting block 6. At the same time, it should be noted that the lateral limitation of the limiting block 6 is achieved by the L-shaped rod 501 and the pad 4 together), ensuring the convenience of use.

[0051] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 1 , Figure 13 As shown, this device provides four pads 4 on the underside of each winding 2. In order to correspond to the two U-shaped steels 3 and facilitate the installation of the positioning plates 504, this device limits the number of positioning plates 504 to two, with the two positioning plates 504 respectively located on the upper side of the two U-shaped steels 3.

[0052] Therefore, this device rotatably connects a driven gear I 502 to the left and right ends of the lower side of each positioning plate 504.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 8To further facilitate installation, a drive component 505 is provided on the upper side of the positioning plate 504 (the drive component 505 corresponds to the driven gear I 502). The drive component 505 has a receiving groove for the pad 4 (it should be noted that the positioning block has a corresponding notch for the receiving groove, which ensures that the pad 4 can directly contact the U-shaped steel 3 in actual application). This setting allows the pad 4 to be embedded in the receiving groove.

[0054] Furthermore, ensure that the projection of each drive member 505 onto the horizontal plane coincides with that of the winding 2, and that the longitudinal height of the drive member 505 exceeds that of the pad 4, so that the winding 2 will first contact the drive member 505 as it descends. The winding 2 will only contact the pad 4 when the drive member 505 moves to a point where its height in the same vertical plane as the winding 2 is lower than that of the pad 4.

[0055] Therefore, this device limits the angle between the end face of the drive member 505 near the winding 2 and the horizontal plane to be greater than 0° and less than 90°. The drive member 505 and the corresponding positioning plate 504 are slidably connected. Furthermore, the drive member 505 moves linearly relative to the iron core 1 along the radius line of the winding 2. This design utilizes the characteristics of the inclined end face to generate a squeezing effect on the drive member 505 when the winding 2 descends and contacts it. During this process, the resistance experienced by the drive member 505 itself can be converted into a supporting force on the winding 2. This setting can slow down the descent speed of the winding 2 (i.e., when the winding 2 falls and contacts the drive member 505, the descent speed of the winding 2 will be significantly reduced), thereby facilitating timely intervention by the operator on the attitude, position, and surrounding environment of the winding 2, ensuring the safety and convenience of the winding 2 installation process.

[0056] It is particularly important to emphasize that, in practical applications, the final position of the drive component 505 (i.e., the end point of the drive component 505's stroke; in practice, the starting point of the drive component 505's stroke must ensure that it wraps around the pad 4 so that the winding 2 contacts the drive component 505 first when it moves down, and then the lateral distance between the drive component 505 and the winding 2 gradually increases during the downward movement of the winding 2 until the winding 2 is completely placed on the pad 4 and stops moving) and the position and width of the notch of the positioning plate 504 (the notch length must be small, while the notch width must be large) must ensure that the winding 2 contacts the pad 4, and that the drive component 505 and the positioning plate 504 do not conflict with the pad 4 when the positioning plate 504 moves away from the winding 2.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, a slider with an inverted T-shaped structure on a horizontal plane is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive component 505. A groove is provided on the positioning plate 504 for the slider. This setting completely restricts the longitudinal and lateral movement of the drive component 505 through the cooperation between the slider and the groove, ensuring that the drive component 505 moves linearly only in the expected direction.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 Furthermore, the device is fixedly connected at the drive component 505, which is connected to the rack I 506. The rack I 506 is connected to the driven gear I 502 via the transmission gear set I 503. When the winding 2 presses down on the drive component 505, the drive component 505 drives the rack I 506 to move linearly, which in turn causes the driven gear I 502 to rotate, thereby changing the relative position of the two limiting blocks 6 corresponding to a single pad 4, so as to achieve the effect of the limiting blocks 6 being embedded in the gap between the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3.

[0059] At the same time, when the limiting block 6 is squeezed into the gap, it will encounter a significant reaction force, which will hinder the linear movement of rack I 506, thus causing the winding 2 to slow down.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the transmission gear set I503 includes a corresponding reduction gear set and a mating gear that directly meshes with the rack I506. Through the combination of the mating gear and the reduction gear set, a transmission connection is achieved between the rack I506 and the driven gear I502, while ensuring that the movement speed of the rack I506 and the movement speed of the L-shaped rod 501 meet the actual requirements.

[0061] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 10 To enhance the constraint effect on winding 2, improve the convenience of the installation process, and ensure that the coaxiality between winding 2 and core 1 can be achieved without excessive additional adjustments, the constraint drive component 505 of this device includes a support frame 5051 with an L-shaped structure in the vertical plane. A contact component 5052 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the vertical section of the support frame 5051. Simultaneously, an angle control component 5053 is added between the contact component 5052 and the support frame 5051.

[0062] Therefore, in practical applications, the tilt angle of the contact 5052 can be adjusted by the angle control component 5053 to ensure that the angle between the end face of the drive component 505 near the winding 2 and the horizontal plane is greater than 0° and less than 90°. At the same time, it can also balance the relationship between the horizontal thrust and the longitudinal support force exerted by the drive component 505 on the winding 2, ensuring that the horizontal thrust (i.e., the horizontal component of the reaction force on the drive component 505) can be applied to the winding 2 with the help of the contact 5052, thereby causing the winding 2 to achieve coaxiality with the core 1 under the action of multiple contact components 5052.

[0063] For further details, please refer to... Figure 10 , Figure 11The constraint angle control component 5053 of this device includes a rack II 50534 fixedly connected to the positioning plate 504. A transmission gear set II 50533 (similar in structure to transmission gear set I 503, both including corresponding reduction gear sets and mating gears) is provided on one side of the rack II 50534. Each angle control component 5053 also includes a rack III 50532, which is connected to the rack II 50534 via the transmission gear set II 50533. Furthermore, each rack III 50532 is connected to a corresponding contact element 5052 via a transmission rod 505351, and each rack III 50532 is slidably connected to a corresponding support frame 5051. Each rack III 50532 moves linearly along the radius line of the winding 2. This mechanism, through the engagement of transmission gear set II 50533 with racks II 50534 and III 50532, ensures that during the movement of support frame 5051 under load, transmission gear set II 50533 contacts racks II 50534. At this time, the gears contained in transmission gear set II 50533 rotate, thereby driving rack III 50532 to move. Consequently, the angle between contact element 5052 and the horizontal plane increases. Typically, when contact element 5052 is not in contact with winding 2, this angle is less than 60°; however, as support frame 5051 moves away from winding 2, the angle gradually increases to nearly 90°.

[0064] It is worth noting that the larger the angle between contact 5052 and the horizontal plane, the closer contact 5052 is to a vertical state. In this case, combined with the characteristic that contact 5052 contacts the lower end of winding 2, the near-vertical contact 5052 can provide more horizontal thrust and less longitudinal support force to winding 2. This measure can effectively reduce the problem of extended installation time caused by winding 2 bearing excessive longitudinal support force (i.e., multiple contacts 5052 simultaneously supporting winding 2 upwards), and can achieve coaxial alignment of winding 2 and core 1 more quickly with the help of greater horizontal thrust.

[0065] It is particularly important to emphasize that, in actual practice, when winding 2 moves downwards and is not coaxial with core 1, winding 2 will inevitably first contact one side or a single contact element 5052. At this time, the contact element 5052 in contact with winding 2 will increase its angle with the horizontal plane, and simultaneously, the corresponding support frame 5051 will move away from winding 2. During this process, the area between the corresponding limiting block 6 embedded in the pad 4 and the U-shaped steel 3 increases, and the reaction force on the limiting block 6 and the support frame 5051 also increases accordingly. Subsequently, as winding 2 continues to move downwards, the central axis of winding 2 moves towards the central axis of core 1, and then winding 2 simultaneously contacts multiple contact elements 5052. During this process, the moving speed of the contact 5052 that first contacts the winding 2 gradually decreases (the reaction force exerted by the limiting block 6 on it gradually increases, while the reaction force exerted by the limiting block 6 on the other contact 5052 that did not first contact the winding 2 is still relatively small), and the moving speed of the remaining contact 5052 is greater than that of the first contact 5052. Therefore, as the winding 2 continues to move downward, the downward pressure and horizontal thrust exerted by the multiple contact 5052s on the winding 2 can gradually reach a state of equilibrium, that is, the multiple contact 5052s together exert a horizontal thrust of the same magnitude and opposite direction (towards the iron core 1) on the winding 2. This can fully ensure that the winding 2 can be coaxial with the iron core 1.

[0066] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 9 The contact element 5052 includes a fixed plate rotatably connected to the support frame 5051. A bearing is rotatably connected to the inner side of the fixed plate, and an annular contact strip is slidably connected to the fixed plate via the bearing. The contact strip can rotate using the bearing. The flexible rotation of the contact strip effectively prevents relative sliding between the winding 2 and the contact element 5052 (i.e., the contact strip), thereby protecting the insulation layer on the surface of the winding 2 from sliding wear (in addition, relative sliding also generates heat, and excessive heat can have a significant impact on the commonly used insulation layer). Simultaneously, the synchronization between the contact strip and the winding 2 also avoids frictional resistance between the winding 2 and the contact element 5052, which would affect the relative movement between the drive element 505 and the winding 2.

[0067] It is particularly noteworthy that, by applying different magnitudes of the reaction force using the limiting block 6, the winding 2 can be spontaneously moved, thereby enabling multiple contacts 5052 to apply a uniform horizontal thrust to the winding 2. However, in practical applications, it takes a certain amount of time for the winding 2 to spontaneously move and achieve natural leveling. During this period, uneven force on the winding 2 will affect its falling speed and may cause it to tilt due to external forces (depending on the installation situation). If the inner wall of the winding 2 accidentally comes into contact with the iron core 1, it is very likely to damage the insulation layer.

[0068] Therefore, this device is equipped with a synchronous transmission component I 508 on each positioning plate 504, and the transmission gear set I 503 on each positioning plate 504 rotates synchronously through the synchronous transmission component I 508. Simultaneously, this device shares a synchronous transmission component II 507 between the two positioning plates 504, and the driving components 505 on the two positioning plates 504 maintain synchronous opposite-south movement through the synchronous transmission component II 507. This arrangement, utilizing the cooperation of synchronous transmission components I 508 and II 507, ensures that multiple driving components 505 maintain synchronous movement, meaning that the distance between multiple contact components 5052 and the iron core 1 remains constant, and the angle between multiple contact components 5052 and the horizontal plane remains constant.

[0069] Specifically, when winding 2 moves downwards and only contacts one side or a single contact 5052, the force on the limiting block 6 increases, thereby expanding the contact area with the U-shaped steel 3 and the pad block 4. At this time, the speed of winding 2 will show a very significant deceleration phenomenon, which the operator can notice in time and make corresponding arrangements. Subsequently, if winding 2 continues to move downwards, the multiple contacts 5052 will increase the distance between themselves and the iron core 1, and at the same time increase the angle with the horizontal plane. During this process, the multiple contacts 5052 can quickly form a lateral clamping effect on winding 2, so that winding 2, under the action of the multiple contacts 5052, remains coaxial with the iron core 1 and moves downwards, and no positional shift occurs during the downward movement of winding 2.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 12 Specifically, the synchronous transmission component I508 includes racks VI that are meshed and connected to the transmission gear sets I503 on both sides, and the racks VI are slidably connected to the corresponding positioning plates 504. Furthermore, a follower gear is provided between the two racks VI, and this follower gear is rotatably connected to the corresponding positioning plates 504. Simultaneously, the front and rear sides of each follower gear are meshed and connected to the two corresponding racks VI on their respective sides.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 13 Specifically, the synchronous transmission component II 507 consists of driven gears II 5072 near the two positioning plates 504. These gears are connected to the positioning plates 504 by a rotatable connection, and a transmission connection is achieved between them through mutual meshing.

[0072] Meanwhile, each driven gear II 5072 is meshed with a rack IV 5074 on one side. The rack IV 5074 is designed to slide with the corresponding positioning plate 504, so that when either driven gear II 5072 rotates, the meshing characteristics of the gears can be used to ensure that the two racks IV 5074 exhibit opposite directions of motion.

[0073] Therefore, in this device, a driven gear III 5071 is meshed and driven on the side of each rack IV 5074 away from the corresponding driven gear II 5072. A rack V 5073 is meshed and driven on the side of the driven gear III 5071 away from the corresponding rack IV 5074. During the movement of rack V 5073, it can drive driven gear III 5071, which in turn drives rack IV 5074. Based on this, combined with the function of the synchronous transmission component I 508, the synchronous movement of multiple driving components 505 can be ensured.

[0074] Based on the above principle, this device fixes rack V 5073 to the adjacent support frame 5051. In this way, when the winding 2 moves downward and comes into contact with any contact 5052, the lateral distance between multiple contact 5052 and the winding 2 can be increased spontaneously and quickly, and the angle between the contact 5052 and the horizontal plane can be increased at the same time, so that when multiple contact 5052 and the winding 2 are in the same horizontal plane position, the distance on the horizontal plane is equal to the diameter of the winding 2.

[0075] It is particularly important to point out that, such as Figure 13 As shown in the enlarged portion, in practical applications, to prevent the two racks IV 5074 of a single synchronous transmission component II 507 from mistakenly meshing with the non-corresponding driven gear II 5072, resulting in stroke conflict, this device adopts a design in which the two racks IV 5074 are arranged vertically and an appropriate gap is set between them, thereby ensuring the normal meshing of the two driven gears II 5072.

[0076] In summary, the actual working process of the installation mechanism 5 involved in this application is as follows: I. Initial State: Positioning and Transmission System Ready Structural fixing and limiting preparation: The two positioning plates 504 are rigidly connected to the U-shaped steel 3 by means of pins. The limiting block 6 is not embedded in the gap between the U-shaped steel 3 and the pad block 4 (the limiting block 6 causes the driving component 505 to be at the starting point of its stroke). The longitudinal position of the limiting block 6 is locked by the cooperation of the limiting protrusion of the L-shaped rod 501 and the limiting groove, and its lateral position is constrained by the L-shaped rod 501 and the pad block 4.

[0077] The drive component 505 is located at the start of the stroke: the receiving groove completely wraps around the pad 4, and the notch of the positioning plate 504 avoids the contact path of the pad 4; the initial angle of the contact component 5052 is greater than 60°, and the distance between it and the winding 2 is minimal, so as to ensure that the winding 2 contacts the drive component 505 first when it moves down.

[0078] Synchronous transmission system pre-meshing: (1) Synchronous transmission component I 508 - the transmission gear set I 503 on both sides of the same positioning plate 504 is linked with the follower gear through rack VI and is in a state of waiting to be triggered; (2) Synchronous transmission component II 507 - the near ends of the two positioning plates 504 abut against each other, the driven gear II 5072 naturally meshes, and rack IV 5074 and rack V 5073 achieve pre-linkage to ensure that the subsequent driving component 505 can move synchronously in opposite directions.

[0079] II. Winding 2 downward movement triggers the action of drive element 505: deceleration and lateral limit. Drive member 505 contact and lateral movement: When winding 2 moves downward, it first contacts the inclined end face of drive member 505 (angle between 0° and 90°). At this time, winding 2 applies pressure to drive member 505, thereby generating lateral thrust. This thrust causes drive member 505 to move away from winding 2 and converts the resistance it receives into longitudinal support force, effectively slowing down the descent speed of winding 2.

[0080] The engagement and reaction force braking mechanism of the limiting block 6 is as follows: The driving component 505 drives the lower rack I 506 to move, which in turn drives the driven gear I 502 to rotate through the transmission gear set I 503 (containing a reduction gear). This rotation causes the L-shaped rods 501 on both sides to move towards each other, thereby squeezing the limiting block 6 and making it engage with the gap between the U-shaped steel 3 and the pad 4, forming a lateral mechanical limit. The reaction force generated by the limiting block 6 after being squeezed further slows down the descent speed of the winding 2, providing valuable intervention time for the operator.

[0081] III. Dynamic adjustment of contact element 5052: Coordinated correction of coaxiality by angle and thrust. As the driving component 505 moves, the support frame 5051 synchronously drives rack II 50534 to mesh with transmission gear set II 50533, thereby driving rack III 50532 to move laterally. This movement causes the angle between the contact component 5052 and the horizontal plane to gradually increase from less than 60° to nearly 90° (i.e., approaching a vertical state). During this process, the longitudinal support force gradually decreases, while the lateral thrust significantly increases, forcing winding 2 to shift towards the axis of core 1.

[0082] Contact 5052 position and synchronous clamping: (1) Synchronous increase in lateral distance - by using the linkage mechanism of synchronous transmission components I 508 and II, it is ensured that the distance between all contact 5052 and the iron core 1 is uniform and consistent, effectively preventing the occurrence of unilateral offset (the annular contact strip rotates synchronously with the winding 2, eliminating sliding friction and preventing the insulation layer from wearing); (2) Symmetrical clamping effect - the angle and position of contact 5052 can be adjusted synchronously, thereby achieving uniform and stable clamping of the outer periphery of the winding 2, ensuring that the winding 2 is always coaxial with the iron core 1 during the downward movement, without radial skew.

[0083] IV. Synchronous transmission ensures stability: multi-component coordinated action Synchronization within the same positioning plate 504: Synchronous transmission component I 508, through the precise meshing of rack VI and follower gear, ensures that the transmission gear sets I 503 on both sides can maintain a consistent rotational speed, and the lateral displacement of the drive component 505 is synchronized, avoiding uneven force on the contact component 5052 on the same positioning plate 504.

[0084] Synchronization between the two positioning plates 504: Synchronous transmission component II 507 achieves linkage through driven gear II 5072 and rack IV 5074-V, realizing synchronous back-to-back movement of driving components 505 on the two positioning plates 504. The distance and angle between contact component 5052 and iron core 1 are completely consistent, ensuring that winding 2 moves smoothly downward under lateral constraints.

[0085] V. Winding 2 Positioning and System Reset: Conflict-Free Design When the drive unit 505 reaches the end of its stroke and contacts the pad 4: the drive unit 505 moves to the end of its stroke and its receiving groove completely disengages from the pad 4. The notch of the positioning plate 504 avoids the pad 4, and there is no stroke conflict. The winding 2 falls steadily on the pad 4. At this time, the angle of the contact member 5052 reaches its maximum value, close to 90°. The lateral clamping force ensures coaxial positioning.

[0086] System status locking mechanism: The limit block 6 is firmly embedded in the gap between the U-shaped steel 3 and the pad block 4, forming a reliable support structure; at the same time, the contact 5052 and the winding 2 are successfully separated, and the drive 505 and the positioning plate 504 remain static, marking the successful completion of the installation process.

[0087] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dry-type transformer that is easy to assemble, comprising an iron core with U-shaped steel sections on the left and right sides and windings on the upper side, characterized in that, The iron core side end is provided with multiple pads with a vertical layer projection of U-shaped structure, and the upper horizontal part of the U-shaped steel is embedded in the U-shaped opening of the pad; The U-shaped opening of the pad is provided with a limiting block. The upper and lower ends of the limiting block abut against the pad and the U-shaped steel, respectively. The limiting block is made of elastic material and is interference-fitted with the pad and the U-shaped steel.

2. The dry-type transformer for easy assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection of each limiting block on the vertical plane is a right trapezoidal structure, and the angle between the inclined end of each limiting block and the horizontal plane is greater than 0° and less than 5°.

3. A dry-type transformer that is easy to assemble according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two limiting blocks are embedded inside the U-shaped opening of each pad. The two limiting blocks are equidistant along the length of the U-shaped steel, and the inclined ends of the two limiting blocks are located on the side closest to each other.

4. The assembly method of a dry-type transformer according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: S1: Select an appropriate number of spacers and embed the upper part of the U-shaped steel into the U-shaped opening of the spacer; S2: Move the pads to the appropriate position to ensure that the multiple pads corresponding to a single winding are equidistantly arranged around the central axis of the winding, and that the horizontal projection of a single winding coincides with the horizontal projection of its multiple corresponding pads. S3: Two limiting blocks are embedded in the U-shaped opening of each pad to ensure that the upper and lower ends of the limiting blocks abut against the pad and the U-shaped steel respectively; S4: When the winding moves downward relative to the pad, the two limiting blocks corresponding to each pad move synchronously towards each other and embed into the U-shaped opening of the corresponding pad under the drive of the mounting mechanism.

5. The assembly method of a dry-type transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The installation mechanism includes a positioning plate detachably connected to a U-shaped steel. A driven gear I is rotatably connected to the positioning plate for the pad block. Furthermore, each driven gear I has an L-shaped rod meshing and drivingly connected to its front and rear sides, and the L-shaped rod abuts against the corresponding limiting block.

6. The assembly method of a dry-type transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The installation mechanism includes a drive component. The angle between the end face of the drive component near the winding and the horizontal plane is greater than 0° and less than 90°. Furthermore, the horizontal projection of each drive component coincides with the horizontal projection of the winding. The longitudinal height of each drive component is greater than the longitudinal height of the pad. Each drive component has a receiving groove for accommodating the pad. Each of the driving components is slidably connected to the corresponding positioning plate. The driving component moves linearly relative to the iron core along the radius line of the winding. Furthermore, a rack I is fixedly connected to the driving component, and the rack I is connected to the driven gear I through a transmission gear set I.

7. The assembly method of a dry-type transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the drive components includes a support frame with an L-shaped vertical structure. A contact element is rotatably connected to the upper side of the vertical section of the support frame. An angle control component is provided between the contact element and the support frame. When the winding moves downward relative to the pad, the contact element increases the angle between itself and the horizontal plane under the action of the angle control component.

8. The assembly method of a dry-type transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the angle control components includes a rack II fixedly connected to the positioning plate, and a transmission gear set II is provided on one side of the rack II; Each of the angle control components also includes a rack III, which is connected to the rack II via a transmission gear set II. Furthermore, each rack III is connected to a corresponding contact via a transmission rod, each rack III is slidably connected to a corresponding support frame, and each rack III moves linearly along the winding radius line.

9. The assembly method of a dry-type transformer according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the positioning plates is provided with two driven gears I. Each driven gear I is equipped with a transmission gear set I, a transmission gear set II, a rack I, a rack II, and a rack III. Furthermore, the two driven gears I correspond to two pads on the same side. Each of the positioning plates is provided with a synchronous transmission component I, and the transmission gear set I on each positioning plate is kept rotating synchronously through the synchronous transmission component I; A synchronous transmission component II is provided between the two positioning plates, and the driving components on the two positioning plates maintain synchronous opposite movement through the synchronous transmission component II.

10. The assembly method of a dry-type transformer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The synchronous transmission component II includes driven gears II located near the ends of the two positioning plates. Each driven gear II is rotatably connected to the corresponding positioning plate, and a rack IV is meshed and transmitted on one side of each driven gear II. The rack IV is slidably connected to the corresponding positioning plate. Each rack IV is connected to a driven gear III on the side away from the corresponding driven gear II. The driven gear III is connected to a rack V on the side away from the corresponding rack IV. The rack V is fixedly connected to the adjacent support frame.

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