Liquid cooling type energy storage cabinet and temperature control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid cooling type energy storage cabinet and a temperature control method, and relates to the technical field of heat dissipation of energy storage equipment.The energy storage cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a partition plate is arranged in the cabinet body and divides the interior of the cabinet body into an energy storage bin and a control bin, a liquid cooling unit is arranged in the control bin, a plurality of energy storage assemblies are arranged in the energy storage bin in an array mode, and a heat dissipation flow channel is arranged in a mounting shell; a plurality of adjusting assemblies are arranged above the heat dissipation flow channel in the mounting shell, each adjusting assembly is provided with a plurality of atomization holes, the adjusting assemblies can change the communication state with the heat dissipation flow channel through temperature changes, and an atomization medium is sprayed out to precisely cool the battery cell. According to the invention, the adjusting assembly is arranged on the heat dissipation flow channel, so that various heat dissipation modes can be carried out according to the actual heat dissipation and temperature difference of the battery cell, the heat dissipation effect of the battery cell is improved, and meanwhile, the problem that the liquid cooling plate or the middle flow channel is extruded by expansive force generated in the charge-discharge circulation of the battery cell in a traditional heat dissipation structure is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat dissipation technology for energy storage equipment, and particularly to a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet and a temperature control method. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage power stations are systems that store, convert, and release cyclical electrical energy using electrochemical batteries or electromagnetic energy storage media. To accommodate as many energy storage devices as possible within a limited space, the battery packs in energy storage power stations are highly concentrated, which can lead to insufficient heat dissipation. Under the influence of internal and external factors such as overcharging, over-discharging, overheating, mechanical impact, and poor temperature uniformity, the temperature of the battery pack can rise sharply, easily causing the battery separator to collapse and internal short circuits, resulting in thermal runaway. If thermal runaway propagates within the battery modules, it can lead to a system fire. Therefore, it is necessary to install appropriate heat dissipation devices to assist in cooling, and also to monitor the real-time temperature of the energy storage devices.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application No. 2024116771756 discloses a liquid-cooled energy storage device and a temperature control method for the liquid-cooled energy storage device. The device includes a cabinet and energy storage modules. A liquid cooler and energy storage modules are installed inside the cabinet. Several sets of placement brackets are installed on the inner side wall of the cabinet, arranged at equal intervals. Energy storage modules are placed on the placement brackets, arranged in a stacked manner. This application utilizes an overflow chamber, upper overflow hole, lower overflow hole, and side immersion chamber to effectively disperse the fluorinated liquid entering the battery pack throughout the battery assembly. This allows for comprehensive heat exchange within the battery pack, ensuring similar cooling effects across different areas of the same battery pack and preventing localized overheating and damage.

[0004] Similar to the existing technologies mentioned above, in order to improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery cell, double-sided liquid cooling plates or internal through-type heat dissipation methods are often used to dissipate heat from the battery cell. However, due to the expansion force generated during the charging and discharging cycle of the battery cell, such as the expansion rate of lithium iron phosphate battery cells of about 3-5%, it will continuously squeeze the liquid cooling plates on both sides or the middle flow channel, resulting in problems such as cracking of the liquid cooling plate or deformation of the flow channel.

[0005] Furthermore, when detecting the internal temperature of a battery cell, temperature sensors are often used to detect the internal and external temperatures of the cell in real time. However, this detection method requires setting up an independent sensor on each battery cell, which leads to a surge in the number of wire harnesses. Dense wire harnesses are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, especially high-frequency switching noise, which causes temperature signal drift and is prone to misjudgment, making it impossible to effectively cool the battery cell.

[0006] In addition, traditional liquid cooling systems typically use constant flow cooling, resulting in high system energy consumption, low cooling efficiency, and a lack of effective feedback mechanisms and protection measures when the cell temperature is abnormal, making it difficult to meet the refined temperature management requirements of high-density, high-power energy storage systems.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet and a temperature control method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet and a temperature control method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet body, wherein a partition is provided inside the cabinet body, dividing the cabinet body into an energy storage compartment and a control compartment, wherein a liquid-cooled unit is provided in the control compartment, and multiple energy storage components are arrayed in the energy storage compartment, wherein the liquid-cooled unit and the multiple energy storage components are connected through an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe to achieve circulating temperature control of the refrigerant;

[0010] The energy storage component includes a mounting shell, in which multiple battery cells are arrayed. A protective shell is provided above the mounting shell. A heat dissipation channel is provided inside the mounting shell. Multiple adjustment components are provided inside the mounting shell above the heat dissipation channel. Each adjustment component has multiple atomizing holes. The adjustment components can change their connection with the heat dissipation channel by changing the temperature, and spray atomized medium to precisely cool the battery cells.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment component includes a support plate with a hollow interior. An expansion joint is provided on the upper part of the support plate, and the expansion joint is filled with a thermal expansion medium that can expand by absorbing heat and cause the expansion joint to lengthen or shorten.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding plate is provided below the telescopic member, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the support plate, a flow stop rod is fixedly connected below the sliding plate, a wedge-shaped member is fixedly connected to the bottom of the flow stop rod, a through groove matching the flow stop rod is opened at the bottom of the support plate, and an elastic member is provided between the bottom end of the support plate and the sliding plate.

[0013] Preferably, a heat exchange plate is fixedly connected above the heat dissipation channel and fits therewith. The heat exchange plate array is provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves that are adapted to the wedge-shaped member. When the flowing medium inside the telescopic member is heated and expands, the telescopic member elongates and overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member and the water pressure of the liquid in the heat dissipation channel to drive the wedge-shaped member to move downward, so that the liquid in the heat dissipation channel enters the support plate and is sprayed out through the atomizing hole to cool the battery cell.

[0014] Preferably, each of the sliding connections between the slide plate and the support plate is provided with a piezoelectric contact. When the slide plate moves within the piezoelectric contact area under the action of the telescopic component and comes into contact with the piezoelectric contact, it can release an electrical signal. The mounting housing is provided with a control module, which can lock the temperature abnormal area according to the electrical signal fed back by the piezoelectric contact.

[0015] Preferably, a mounting bracket is provided inside the cabinet between two adjacent energy storage components. Each mounting bracket has a through groove in the middle. A sealing element adapted to the heat dissipation channel is slidably connected to the bottom of the heat dissipation channel. A movable plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing element. The movable plate can pass through the mounting bracket and contact the protective shell of another energy storage component.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the movable plate is provided with a pushing mechanism, which is fixed to the side wall of the cabinet. The pushing mechanism can push the movable plate to drive the sealing element to slide up and down, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel. A sealing gasket is provided between the sealing element and the heat dissipation channel.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom of the energy storage compartment of the cabinet is also provided with an electrical protection mechanism, which includes a fuse electrical protection component and an electrical monitoring and alarm component, and the electrical protection mechanism is electrically connected to each energy storage component.

[0018] Preferably, the control compartment inside the cabinet is also equipped with a bidirectional converter component, which is electrically connected to the electrical protection mechanism to realize the charging and discharging operation of the energy storage cabinet. The connection ends of the inlet pipe and outlet pipe to the energy storage component adopt quick-connect couplings. The quick-connect couplings have built-in self-sealing valve cores. The interface direction of the quick-connect couplings is perpendicular to the insertion and removal direction of the energy storage component, and the outer edge is equipped with an anti-misinsertion positioning key.

[0019] The present invention also provides a temperature control method for a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet. This method utilizes the aforementioned liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet for temperature control and includes the following steps:

[0020] S1: Start the basic liquid cooling cycle; the liquid cooling unit pumps refrigerant, which flows into the heat dissipation channels of each energy storage component through the inlet pipe, absorbs the heat from the battery cell, and then returns to the cooling system through the outlet pipe, forming a closed-loop temperature control.

[0021] S2: Temperature-sensitive trigger atomization cooling; when the temperature of the battery cell rises, the heat is conducted to the regulating component, the thermal expansion medium inside the telescopic member expands due to heat, pushes the wedge member downward, opens the channel between the heat dissipation channel and the support plate, and the refrigerant is sprayed out through the atomization hole, directly vaporizes and absorbs heat, and achieves local rapid cooling.

[0022] S3: Abnormal location and feedback; the sliding plate moves down to trigger the piezoelectric contact, generating an electrical signal. The control module receives the signal, locates the cell with abnormal temperature, and triggers the electrical protection mechanism to issue a warning or limit current.

[0023] S4: Dynamically optimize heat dissipation flow; the pushing mechanism drives the movable plate, which in turn drives the sealing element to adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel. In the high-temperature region, the channel is expanded to enhance cooling, and in the low-temperature region, the channel is reduced to balance the system load.

[0024] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0025] This invention improves the heat dissipation effect of the battery cell by incorporating an adjustment component in the heat dissipation flow, enabling it to adopt multiple heat dissipation methods based on the actual heat dissipation and temperature difference of the battery cell. At the same time, it effectively avoids the problem of the expansion force generated during the charge and discharge cycle of the battery cell squeezing the liquid cooling plate or the central flow channel in traditional heat dissipation structures. Furthermore, the inclusion of telescopic components and movable plates allows for precise control of the heat dissipation efficiency in the middle of the battery cell. This effectively solves the problems of high energy consumption, low cooling efficiency, and lack of effective feedback mechanisms and protection measures when the battery cell temperature is abnormal in traditional liquid cooling systems, making it difficult to meet the refined temperature management requirements of high-density, high-power energy storage systems. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cabinet structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the energy storage component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting shell of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the energy storage component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the mechanism at point A.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the mounting shell of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid cooling method of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet; 2. Partition; 3. Liquid cooling unit; 4. Energy storage component; 41. Mounting shell; 42. Battery cell; 43. Protective shell; 44. Heat dissipation channel; 45. Heat exchange plate; 46. Seal; 47. Movable plate; 5. Adjustment component; 51. Support plate; 52. Telescopic component; 53. Slide plate; 54. Flow stop bar; 55. Wedge-shaped component; 56. Elastic component; 6. Atomizing hole; 7. Mounting bracket; 8. Electrical protection mechanism; 9. Bidirectional converter component; 10. Liquid inlet pipe; 11. Liquid outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] To address the issue that the expansion force generated during the charge and discharge cycles of the 42-cell battery continuously squeezes the central flow channel, leading to cracking of the liquid cooling plate or deformation of the flow channel, thus affecting heat dissipation, a solution was developed.

[0037] like Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet is provided, including a cabinet body 1. A partition 2 is provided inside the cabinet body 1, which divides the interior of the cabinet body 1 into an energy storage compartment and a control compartment. A liquid-cooled unit 3 is provided in the control compartment, and multiple energy storage components 4 are arrayed in the energy storage compartment. The liquid-cooled unit 3 and the multiple energy storage components 4 are connected through an inlet pipe 10 and an outlet pipe 11 to realize the circulating temperature control of the refrigerant.

[0038] In this embodiment, an electrical protection mechanism 8 is also provided at the bottom of the energy storage compartment of the cabinet 1. It includes a fuse electrical protection component and an electrical monitoring and alarm component. The electrical protection mechanism is electrically connected to each energy storage component 4.

[0039] In this embodiment, the connection ends of the inlet pipe 10 and the outlet pipe 11 with the energy storage component 4 are quick-connect couplings. The quick-connect couplings have built-in self-sealing valve cores. The interface direction of the quick-connect coupling 91 is perpendicular to the insertion and removal direction of the energy storage component 4, and the outer edge is provided with an anti-misinsertion positioning key.

[0040] In this embodiment, the energy storage component 4 includes a mounting shell 41, in which multiple battery cells 42 are arrayed. A protective shell 43 is provided above the mounting shell 41. Each mounting shell 41 and protective shell 43 is equipped with a temperature sensor. A heat dissipation channel 44 is provided inside the mounting shell 41. A heat exchange plate 45 is fixedly connected above the heat dissipation channel 44 and fits therewith. By setting the heat dissipation channel 44 and heat exchange plate 45 at the bottom of the battery cell 42 and combining the cooling liquid circulation of the liquid cooling unit 3, the bottom area of ​​the battery cell 42 is effectively cooled.

[0041] In this embodiment, a plurality of adjustment components 5 are provided inside the mounting shell 41 above the heat dissipation channel 44. The adjustment components 5 include a support plate 51, which has a hollow structure inside. A telescopic member 52 is provided inside the support plate 51. The telescopic member 52 is filled with a thermal expansion medium, which can expand by absorbing heat and drive the telescopic member 52 to extend or shorten.

[0042] It should be noted that the thermal expansion medium filled inside the expansion joint 52 can be a gas or phase change medium, such as Freon, that has obvious expansion characteristics when heated from normal temperature (30°C) to 55°C.

[0043] In this embodiment, each slide plate 53 is provided with a piezoelectric contact at the sliding connection between it and the support plate 51. When the slide plate 53 moves within the piezoelectric contact area under the drive of the telescopic member 52 and comes into contact with the piezoelectric contact, it can release an electrical signal. The mounting shell 41 is provided with a control module, which can lock the temperature abnormal area according to the electrical signal fed back by the piezoelectric contact.

[0044] In this embodiment, a sliding plate 53 is provided below the telescopic member 52. The sliding plate 53 is slidably connected to the side wall of the support plate 51. A flow stop rod 54 is fixedly connected below the sliding plate 53. A wedge-shaped member 55 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the flow stop rod 54. A through groove matching the flow stop rod 54 is opened at the bottom of the support plate 51. An elastic member 56 is provided between the bottom end of the support plate 51 and the sliding plate 53.

[0045] In this embodiment, the heat exchange plate 45 array is provided with a plurality of wedge grooves that are adapted to the wedge 55. When the flowing medium in the telescopic member 52 is heated and expands, the telescopic member 52 extends and overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member 56 and the water pressure of the liquid in the heat dissipation channel 44 to drive the wedge 55 to move downward, so that the liquid in the heat dissipation channel 44 enters the support plate 51 and is sprayed out through the atomizing hole 6 to cool the battery cell 42.

[0046] In this embodiment, each adjustment component 5 is provided with multiple atomizing holes 6. The adjustment component 5 can change the communication state with the heat dissipation channel 44 by temperature changes, and spray atomizing medium to precisely cool the battery cell 42.

[0047] For ease of understanding, the thermal expansion medium set inside the expansion joint 52 is now set as Freon. Since the normal operating temperature of the battery cell 42 is in the range of 15°C-35°C, and the maximum temperature allowed for short-term operation is 55°C, and the maximum temperature allowed for long-term operation is 45°C, the temperature of the flowing medium inside the expansion joint 52 should be similar to the normal operating temperature of the battery cell 42 under normal conditions.

[0048] Since the wedge-shaped member 55 is positioned above the heat dissipation channel 44, the coolant flowing within the channel 44 exerts a force on it, causing it to move upwards. This serves two purposes: firstly, the wedge-shaped member 55 severs the connection between the heat dissipation channel 44 and the support plate 51; secondly, the wedge-shaped member 55, along with the elastic member 56, compresses the gas within the telescopic member 52. Furthermore, because the minimum pressure required for Freon to maintain a liquid state at 30°C is 1.2 MPa, the elastic member 56 and the water within the heat dissipation channel 44... The pressure is sufficient to meet the requirement. Therefore, in this state, the Freon in the telescopic component 52 is in a liquid or gas-liquid mixture state. When the temperature rises to 55°C, the Freon can expand rapidly and push the slide plate 53 to move downwards against the water pressure and the elastic force of the elastic component 56, so that the liquid in the heat dissipation channel 44 enters the support plate 51 and is sprayed out through the atomizing hole 6 to cool the battery cell 42, thereby achieving cooling of the middle area of ​​the battery cell 42 and effectively avoiding the problem of excessive temperature difference between the middle and bottom of the battery cell 42.

[0049] Furthermore, the temperature information of the battery cell 42 in this area is fed back to the control module through the piezoelectric contact on the support plate 51. The control module records the temperature status of multiple battery cells 42. If a certain area frequently experiences high temperature, the area is marked as a suspected abnormal area, reminding technicians to inspect the battery cell 42 in this area. This solves the problem that the expansion force generated during the charging and discharging cycle of the battery cell 42 will continuously squeeze the central flow channel, causing the liquid cooling plate to crack or the flow channel to deform, thus affecting the heat dissipation effect.

[0050] However, although the above solution solves the problem that the expansion force generated during the charge and discharge cycle of the battery cell 42 will continuously squeeze the central flow channel, the problem of large temperature difference between the upper and lower ends of the battery cell 42 still exists because the heat dissipation flow channel 44 is located below the battery cell 42. Furthermore, traditional liquid cooling systems usually use constant flow cooling, which results in high system energy consumption and low cooling efficiency. Moreover, they lack effective feedback mechanisms and protection measures when the battery cell temperature is abnormal, making it difficult to meet the fine-grained temperature management requirements of high-density, high-power energy storage systems. At the same time, when detecting the internal temperature of the battery cell, temperature sensors are often used to detect the internal and external temperatures of the battery cell in real time. However, this detection method requires setting an independent sensor on each battery cell, which leads to a surge in the number of wire bundles. Dense wire bundles are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, especially high-frequency switching noise, which causes temperature signal drift and is prone to misjudgment, making it impossible to effectively cool the battery cell.

[0051] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, in another embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a mounting bracket 7 located between two adjacent energy storage components 4 inside the cabinet 1. Each mounting bracket 7 has a through groove in the middle. The bottom of the heat dissipation channel 44 is slidably connected to a sealing element 46 that is adapted to the channel. The bottom of the sealing element 46 is fixedly connected to a movable plate 47. The movable plate 47 can pass through the mounting bracket 7 and contact the protective shell 43 of another energy storage component 4.

[0052] In this embodiment, the bottom of the movable plate 47 is provided with a pushing mechanism, which is fixed to the side wall of the cabinet 1. It can push the movable plate 47 to drive the sealing member 46 to slide up and down, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel 44. A sealing gasket is provided between the sealing member 46 and the heat dissipation channel 44.

[0053] During use, temperature sensors installed on the mounting shell 41 and the protective shell 43 detect the temperature above and below the entire energy storage component 4. If the temperature difference between the upper and lower ends of a certain energy storage component 4 is greater than a preset value, it indicates that the temperature difference between the upper and lower ends of the battery cell 42 inside this energy storage component 4 is large. At this time, the pushing mechanism installed on the movable plate 47 is controlled to move the movable plate 47 above the energy storage component 4 downward and contact the protective shell 43 of this energy storage component 4. At the same time, the flow rate of the coolant is increased by the control module. During this process, as the movable plate 47 moves downward, the sealing member 46 installed on the movable plate 47 slides downward, expanding the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel 44. Since the flow rate in the heat dissipation channel 44 increases at this time, even if the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel 44 increases, the coolant can still completely cover the heat dissipation channel 44. When the movable plate 47 moves downward and contacts the protective shell 43, heat conduction and cooling are carried out on the area above the energy storage component 4 through the protective shell 43 and the movable plate 47, thereby overcoming the problem of large temperature difference between the upper and lower ends of the battery cell 42.

[0054] Furthermore, when the temperature in the middle region of a certain cell 42 fails to decrease, the thermal expansion medium within the expansion joint 52 in that region will continue to expand, keeping the support plate 51 and the heat dissipation channel 44 constantly open. In this state, simply increasing the flow rate of the medium within the heat dissipation channel 44 will not solve the problem; instead, it will increase the temperature difference between the middle and bottom of the cell 42. At this point, the control module controls the push mechanism to move the movable plate 47 up and down repeatedly, causing the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel 44 to periodically increase and decrease. During this process, since only the support plate 51 and the heat dissipation channel 44 in this region are open, the force generated by the up-and-down movement of the movable plate 47 pushes the coolant in this region towards the atomization holes 6 within the support plate 51, increasing the atomization range and amount. This allows for precise temperature control of the region, effectively solving the problem of lacking an effective feedback mechanism and protection measures when the cell temperature is abnormal, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of high-density, high-power energy storage systems for precise temperature control.

[0055] Finally, by using dual feedback from temperature sensors and thermal expansion media to detect the internal temperature of the battery cell, the problem of temperature signal drift, which can easily lead to misjudgments and prevent effective cooling of the battery cell is effectively solved.

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown, in another embodiment of the present invention, a temperature control method for a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet is also provided. This method utilizes the liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet described in the above embodiment for temperature control and includes the following steps:

[0057] S1: Start the basic liquid cooling cycle; the liquid cooling unit 3 pumps refrigerant, which flows into the heat dissipation channel 44 of each energy storage component 4 through the liquid inlet pipe 5. After absorbing the heat of the battery cell 42, it returns to the cooling system through the liquid outlet pipe 6, forming a closed-loop temperature control.

[0058] S2: Temperature-sensitive trigger atomization cooling; when the temperature of the battery cell 42 rises, the heat is conducted to the regulating component 5, the thermal expansion medium inside the telescopic component 52 expands due to heat, pushing the wedge 55 to move down, opening the channel between the heat dissipation channel 44 and the support plate 51, and the coolant is sprayed out through the atomization hole 6, directly vaporizing and absorbing heat to achieve local rapid cooling.

[0059] S3: Abnormal location and feedback; the slide plate 53 moves down to trigger the piezoelectric contact, generating an electrical signal. The control module 8 receives the signal, locates the cell with abnormal temperature, and triggers the electrical protection mechanism 8 to issue a warning or limit current.

[0060] S4: Dynamically optimize heat dissipation flow; drive the mechanism to move the movable plate 47, which in turn drives the seal 46 to adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel 44. In the high-temperature area, the channel is expanded to enhance cooling, and in the low-temperature area, the channel is reduced to balance the system load.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet body, characterized in that, The cabinet is equipped with a partition that divides the interior into an energy storage compartment and a control compartment. The control compartment is equipped with a liquid cooling unit, and the energy storage compartment is equipped with an array of multiple energy storage components. The liquid cooling unit and the multiple energy storage components are connected through an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe to achieve circulating temperature control of the refrigerant. The energy storage component includes a mounting shell, in which multiple battery cells are arrayed. A protective shell is provided above the mounting shell. A heat dissipation channel is provided inside the mounting shell. Multiple adjustment components are provided inside the mounting shell above the heat dissipation channel. Each adjustment component has multiple atomizing holes. The adjustment components can change their connection with the heat dissipation channel by changing the temperature, and spray atomized medium to precisely cool the battery cells.

2. The liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment component includes a support plate with a hollow interior. An expansion joint is located on the upper part of the support plate, and the expansion joint is filled with a thermal expansion medium that can expand by absorbing heat and cause the expansion joint to lengthen or shorten.

3. The liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic component has a sliding plate underneath, which is slidably connected to the side wall of the support plate. A flow stop rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate, and a wedge-shaped component is fixedly connected to the bottom of the flow stop rod. A through groove matching the flow stop rod is opened at the bottom of the support plate, and an elastic component is provided between the bottom end of the support plate and the sliding plate.

4. The liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that, A heat exchange plate is fixedly connected above the heat dissipation channel and fits therewith. The heat exchange plate array is provided with multiple wedge-shaped grooves that are adapted to the wedge-shaped member. When the flowing medium inside the telescopic member is heated and expands, the telescopic member elongates and overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member and the water pressure of the liquid in the heat dissipation channel to drive the wedge-shaped member downward, so that the liquid in the heat dissipation channel enters the support plate and is sprayed out through the atomizing hole to cool the battery cell.

5. The liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the sliding connections between the slide plate and the support plate is provided with a piezoelectric contact. When the slide plate moves within the piezoelectric contact area under the action of the telescopic component and comes into contact with the piezoelectric contact, it can release an electrical signal. The mounting housing is provided with a control module, which can lock the temperature abnormal area based on the electrical signal fed back by the piezoelectric contact.

6. The liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that, Inside the cabinet, there is a mounting bracket located between two adjacent energy storage components. Each mounting bracket has a through groove in the middle. The bottom of the heat dissipation channel is slidably connected to a sealing element that is adapted to the channel. The bottom of the sealing element is fixedly connected to a movable plate. The movable plate can pass through the mounting bracket and contact the protective shell of another energy storage component.

7. The liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the movable plate is provided with a pushing mechanism, which is fixed to the side wall of the cabinet. It can push the movable plate to drive the sealing element to slide up and down, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel. A sealing gasket is provided between the sealing element and the heat dissipation channel.

8. The liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the energy storage compartment of the cabinet is also equipped with an electrical protection mechanism, which includes a fuse electrical protection component and an electrical monitoring and alarm component. The electrical protection mechanism is electrically connected to each energy storage component, and each mounting shell and protective shell is equipped with a temperature sensor.

9. The liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control compartment inside the cabinet is also equipped with a bidirectional converter component, which is electrically connected to the electrical protection mechanism to realize the charging and discharging operation of the energy storage cabinet. The connection ends of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe to the energy storage component adopt quick-connect couplings. The quick-connect couplings have built-in self-sealing valve cores. The interface direction of the quick-connect couplings is perpendicular to the insertion and removal direction of the energy storage component, and the outer edge is equipped with an anti-misinsertion positioning key.

10. A temperature control method for a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet, wherein the method utilizes the liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet of any one of claims 1-9 for temperature control, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Start the basic liquid cooling cycle; the liquid cooling unit pumps refrigerant, which flows into the heat dissipation channel of each energy storage component through the inlet pipe, absorbs the heat of the battery cell, and then returns to the cooling system through the outlet pipe to form a closed-loop temperature control. S2: Temperature-sensitive trigger atomization cooling; when the temperature of the battery cell rises, the heat is conducted to the regulating component, the thermal expansion medium inside the telescopic component expands due to heat, pushes the wedge-shaped component to move down, opens the channel between the heat dissipation channel and the support plate, and the refrigerant is sprayed out through the atomization hole, directly vaporizes and absorbs heat, and achieves local rapid cooling; S3: Abnormal location and feedback; The sliding plate moves down to trigger the piezoelectric contact, generating an electrical signal. The control module receives the signal, locates the cell with abnormal temperature, and triggers the electrical protection mechanism to issue a warning or limit current. S4: Dynamically optimize heat dissipation flow; the pushing mechanism drives the movable plate, which in turn drives the sealing element to adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel. In the high-temperature region, the channel is expanded to enhance cooling, and in the low-temperature region, the channel is reduced to balance the system load.

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