Parameter configuration method for off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupling hydrogen production system

Abstract

The invention discloses an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupling hydrogen production system parameter configuration method. The method comprises the steps that S1, wind and light fluctuation characteristic parameters are collected; s2, calculating the capacity ratio of the electrolytic cell; s3, performing control parameter mapping; and S4, parameters of the cooling system are designed. The invention further discloses a corresponding configuration system, a configuration device, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium, and aims at a parameter collaborative configuration method of an alkaline electrolytic cell (ALK) and proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell (PEM) mixed hydrogen production system in a wind and light off-grid power supply scene, so that the core problems of low hydrogen production efficiency, short equipment service life, system instability and the like under a fluctuating power supply are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of renewable energy hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerated global energy transition, off-grid hydrogen production from wind and solar power, as a key technology for zero-carbon energy synthesis, is experiencing a surge in large-scale development. However, the inherent volatility of wind and solar power (with minute-level fluctuations often reaching ±30% of rated power) creates a fundamental contradiction with the rigid operating characteristics of electrolyzers, leading to a triple technical bottleneck that severely restricts the system's economics and reliability. A 2023 assessment report by the International Energy Agency (IEA) indicated that wind and solar power fluctuations cause electrolyzers to start and stop more than 200 times annually, resulting in hydrogen production losses of 18%-25%, equivalent to a loss of over 4,000 tons of green hydrogen production capacity per 100 megawatts of hydrogen production system per year. The root cause lies in the narrow power adaptation window of traditional electrolyzers (typically only ±10%). When wind and solar power drop to the minimum operating power threshold, they are forced to shut down. The restart process not only consumes 5%-8% of the system's total energy but also causes electrode passivation due to sudden changes in electrolyte concentration gradients, creating a vicious cycle of "shutdown-performance degradation-shutdown again."

[0003] In terms of equipment lifespan, dynamic stress caused by power fluctuations inflicts irreversible damage on core materials. The iridium-based anode catalyst in a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) experiences sudden current density changes exceeding 0.5 A / (cm²). 2 At ·s), the lattice oxygen evolution mechanism (LOM) leads to Ir 3+ The dissolution rate increased by 300%, but the catalyst active layer decayed by more than 40% within 2000 hours (J. Electrochem. Soc. 2021). Although alkaline electrolyzers (ALK) can withstand high current densities, the nickel mesh separator, under thermal cycling shocks with a temperature change rate >2℃ / s, exhibits a 50% increased probability of microcracks due to the volume difference in phase transformation between α-Ni(OH)2 and β-Ni(OH)2, accelerating electrolyte cross-penetration. More seriously, when multiple electrolyzers are operated in parallel, traditional fixed sag coefficient control causes power backflow: during low-load periods, the lag in ALK response leads to power returning to the DC bus, causing voltage fluctuations exceeding ±15% (IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 2022), triggering overvoltage protection and forcibly shutting down the system. This coupling effect of electrical instability and material failure shortens the average lifespan of off-grid hydrogen production systems by 35%-40% compared to grid-connected systems.

[0004] Current parameter configuration methods have not yet broken through the dilemma of "static design - dynamic failure". The mainstream equal capacity ratio method (such as PEM:ALK = 1:1) ignores the difference in dynamic response between the two types of electrolyzers - the response time of PEM (<100ms) and ALK (>2s) differs by two orders of magnitude. This causes PEM to overload due to bearing the main load in the low load range (<30% P_rated), while ALK enters saturation due to start-up delay in the high load range (>80% P_rated). The cost optimization principle unilaterally pursues the minimization of initial investment and fails to take into account the life decay cost under fluctuating operating conditions, resulting in a 23% increase in the levelized cost of hydrogen production (LCOH). Although the fixed efficiency curve method refers to the test data under rated operating conditions, it cannot adapt to the characteristics of wind and solar fluctuation spectrum (such as power oscillations of 0.1-5Hz caused by cloud cover), and the actual operating efficiency is 12-15% lower than the theoretical value. Although Chinese invention patent application CN114538345A introduces fuzzy rule configuration parameters, it lacks global coupling modeling of "power spectrum characteristics - electrolyzer electrochemical response - hydrogen storage system buffering capacity". In actual tests at a wind farm in Qinghai, the system efficiency was only 58.7%, and the ALK diaphragm developed large-area cracks after 6 months of operation.

[0005] Ultimately, existing technologies suffer from three deep-seated flaws:

[0006] First, simplifying wind and solar fluctuations to root mean square power while ignoring their time-scale characteristics makes it impossible to distinguish the difference between the impact of second-level turbulent fluctuations and hour-level weather changes on equipment.

[0007] Secondly, the disconnect between electrical control parameters (such as the droop coefficient) and material lifetime models (such as catalyst dissolution kinetics) leads to a conflict between the goals of "maintaining efficiency" and "maintaining lifetime".

[0008] Third, the lack of a parameter coordination mechanism under the coupling constraints of thermal, electrical, and hydrogen multi-physics fields leads to insufficient design margins in the heat dissipation system, causing a chain of failures. These shortcomings trap existing off-grid hydrogen production projects in a vicious cycle of "achieving standards during commissioning but declining during operation," necessitating the development of intelligent parameter configuration methods based on a global coupling model. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by designing a parameter coordination configuration method for a hybrid hydrogen production system combining alkaline electrolyzers (ALK) and proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEM) in wind and solar off-grid power supply scenarios, thereby solving core problems such as low hydrogen production efficiency, short equipment lifespan, and system instability under fluctuating power sources.

[0010] The first aspect of this invention is to provide a parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system, comprising:

[0011] S1, collects characteristic parameters of wind and solar fluctuations;

[0012] S2, calculate the capacity ratio of the electrolytic cell;

[0013] S3, perform control parameter mapping;

[0014] S4, parameters for designing the cooling system.

[0015] Preferably, S1 includes:

[0016] S11, real-time monitoring of wind and solar power output power P(t);

[0017] S12, based on the output power P(t) of the wind and solar power source, extract the maximum volatility f1, the non-uniformity coefficient f2, and the cumulative volatility intensity f3: where:

[0018] The maximum volatility f is the maximum value of the power change rate ΔP / Δt within a 10-second time window, that is:

[0019] Where Δt = 10s;

[0020] The uniformity coefficient f2 is the daily power standard deviation σ P With mean μ P The ratio, that is:

[0021]

[0022] The cumulative fluctuation intensity f3 is the integral of the absolute value of the power change rate over 24 hours, that is:

[0023]

[0024] The integral of f3 is implemented as follows:

[0025] The sampling period Δt = 0.1s.

[0026] Preferably, S2 includes:

[0027] S21, determine the rated power ratio of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) to the alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) according to formula (1):

[0028]

[0029] Among them, C PEM The rated power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is in kW, and is a parameter listed on the equipment nameplate; C ALK The rated power of the alkaline electrolyzer is in kW, and is a parameter on the equipment nameplate; f1 is the maximum fluctuation rate of wind and solar power, in % / s, representing the maximum value of the power change rate |ΔP / Δt| within a 10-second time window; T life,ALKThe ALK design life is in years. In this embodiment, the default value is set to 10 T based on the manufacturer's accelerated aging test report. life,PEM The PEM design life is in years. In this embodiment, the default value is set to 8 based on the catalyst ECSA degradation model inversion.

[0030] S22, The capacity ratio of the electrolyzers is determined based on the rated power ratio of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) and the alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) and the life adjustment rules.

[0031] The lifetime adjustment rules include:

[0032] If the average annual wind speed at the wind and solar site is >8 m / s or the solar radiation fluctuation is >40%, then T life,PEM Reduced to 6 years;

[0033] If the ALK electrolyte uses highly stable additives, then T life,ALK The term has been increased to 12 years.

[0034] Preferably, S3 includes:

[0035] S31, based on f2 and the lookup table logic, query the droop coefficient table to determine the droop coefficient R of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) and the alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) respectively. droop，PEM and R droop，ALK The droop coefficient table is shown in the table below:

[0036] <![CDATA[f2 range]]> <![CDATA[R droop，PEM ]]> <![CDATA[R droop，ALK ]]> [0.0,0.3) 0.048 0.015 [0.0,0.3) 0.033 0.010 [0.3,0.5) 0.022 0.008

[0037] S32, DTC hysteresis width ΔT is determined based on equation (2). e :

[0038]

[0039] Preferably, the droop coefficient R droop，PEM and R droop，ALK The table lookup logic is extended as follows:

[0040] When f1 > 15%P rated When / s, force setting:

[0041] R droop，PEM =0.01;

[0042] R droop，ALK =0.005;

[0043] When the hydrogen storage system is in a charged state At that time, R droop，ALK Increase by 0.005.

[0044] Preferably, the DTC hysteresis width ΔT ePartition control includes:

[0045] For a PEM electrolyzer, the DTC hysteresis width is: ΔT e,PEM =ΔT e ·(1-0.1·f2;

[0046] For an ALK electrolyzer, the DTC hysteresis width of the ALK electrolyzer is: ΔT e,ALK =ΔT e ·(1+0.2·f2;

[0047] Preferably, S4 includes:

[0048] S41, Calculate the required heat dissipation power based on equation (3):

[0049]

[0050] Among them, P ALK P represents the power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK. PEM This indicates the power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer;

[0051] S42, Based on the required heat dissipation power, select a plate heat exchanger, wherein the heat transfer area A of the plate heat exchanger is... HX As shown in equation (4), the unit is m. 2 :

[0052]

[0053] Among them, A HX This represents the heat transfer area of ​​a plate heat exchanger, specifically the total effective heat transfer area of ​​all corrugated plates in the plate heat exchanger, in meters (m²). 2 The heat transfer equation (5) must be satisfied:

[0054]

[0055] Where U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, ΔT LM The logarithmic mean temperature difference;

[0056] The coefficient 0.02 represents the comprehensive design parameters; the exponent 0.8 represents the nonlinear scaling factor.

[0057] S43, Based on equation (6), configure the heat dissipation medium flow rate V cool The heat dissipation medium flow rate V cool The unit is L / min. Equation (6) is:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, c p ρT represents the specific heat capacity of water, ρT = 1000 kg / m³3 ΔT = 10K;

[0060] S44, Selected circulating pump, wherein the pump has a head exceeding 20m and is resistant to alkaline corrosion at pH=10-14.

[0061] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a configuration system for implementing the configuration method of the first aspect, comprising:

[0062] The data acquisition module (101) is used to collect wind and solar fluctuation characteristic parameters;

[0063] The parameter calculation module (102) is used to calculate the capacity ratio of the electrolytic cell;

[0064] The parameter mapping module (103) is used to perform control parameter mapping;

[0065] The parameter design module (104) is used to design the parameters of the cooling system.

[0066] A third aspect of the present invention is to provide a configuration apparatus for implementing the configuration method of the first aspect, comprising:

[0067] The wind and solar monitoring unit consists of a power sensor and a data processing chip.

[0068] The parameter calculation unit consists of a floating-point arithmetic unit and a storage module;

[0069] The execution unit consists of a DTC controller and a PWM driver;

[0070] The lifetime prediction unit is used to predict the lifetime of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEM) and alkaline electrolyzers (ALK) based on inputs, a PEM lifetime model, and an ALK lifetime model; wherein the inputs are real-time f1 and real-time f3, electrolyzer temperature T, and current density J;

[0071] The PEM lifetime model is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] The ALK lifetime model is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] A fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide an off-grid hydrogen production device, including the configuration apparatus of the third aspect, and further comprising:

[0076] A PEM electrolyzer includes a membrane electrode, wherein the membrane electrode is Nafion 117 with an Ir loading of 2.0 ± 0.1 mg / cm³. 2 The working pressure is 30±2 bar.

[0077] An ALK electrolytic cell includes electrodes and an electrolyte, wherein the electrodes are nickel-plated Co-Mn catalysts with an active area ≥500m². 2 / g; the electrolyte is 30% KOH + 0.1% Na2WO4;

[0078] Hydrogen storage system, including a carbon fiber tank, wherein the carbon fiber tank is T800 grade and designed for a pressure of 45 MPa; The measurement error is ≤ ±1.5%;

[0079] The off-grid hydrogen production equipment is equipped with a safety protection strategy, which includes:

[0080] When f1 > 20%P rate At / s: activate the supercapacitor buffer, where the supercapacitor's capacitance is ≥5%P. rated PEM power limited to 80%C PEM ;

[0081] when When the load exceeds the limit by 10% continuously, a graded load reduction strategy is triggered. The graded load reduction strategy includes: ALK first reduces the power to 70%, then PEM reduces the power to 50%, and finally the system is shut down.

[0082] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a plurality of instructions, the processor being configured to read the instructions and execute the method as described in the first aspect.

[0083] A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions which can be read by a processor and executed as described in the first aspect.

[0084] The beneficial effects of the method and system of the present invention are as follows:

[0085] (1) Efficiency improvement: The average hydrogen production efficiency in off-grid scenarios reached 66.2%, which is 9.5% higher than that of traditional methods;

[0086] (2) Extended lifespan: PEM lifespan > 5 years (+70%), ALK lifespan > 10 years (+25%);

[0087] (3) Cost reduction: LCOH decreased to $3.1 / kgH2, a reduction of 22%;

[0088] (4) Fluctuation adaptability: Supports ±50% rated power fluctuation at the second level. Attached Figure Description

[0089] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0090] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 2 The flowchart of step S1 of the parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 3 The flowchart of step S2 of the parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 4 The flowchart of step S3 of the parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 5 The flowchart of step S4 of the parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 6 A system structure diagram for parameter configuration of an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0097] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0098] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0099] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0100] Example 1

[0101] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system, including:

[0102] S1, collects characteristic parameters of wind and solar fluctuations;

[0103] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, S1 includes:

[0104] S11, real-time monitoring of wind and solar power output power P(t);

[0105] S12, based on the output power P(t) of the wind and solar power source, extract the maximum volatility f1, the non-uniformity coefficient f2, and the cumulative volatility intensity f3: where:

[0106] The maximum volatility f1 is the maximum value of the power change rate |ΔP / Δt| within a 10-second time window, that is:

[0107] Where Δt = 10s;

[0108] In this embodiment, the real-time calculation of f1 is performed in the embedded controller using a sliding time window algorithm, updated every 10 seconds, as shown in the following program:

[0109]

[0110] The non-uniformity coefficient f2 is the daily power standard deviation σ PWith mean μ P The ratio, that is:

[0111]

[0112] In this embodiment, f2 is updated daily: the calculator is reset at 0:00 every day and stored on the SD card;

[0113] The cumulative fluctuation intensity f3 is the integral of the absolute value of the power change rate over 24 hours, i.e.

[0114]

[0115] In this embodiment, the integral of f3 is implemented as follows:

[0116] The sampling period Δt = 0.1s.

[0117] S2, calculate the capacity ratio of the electrolytic cell;

[0118] like Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, S2 includes:

[0119] S21, determine the rated power ratio of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) to the alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) according to formula (1):

[0120]

[0121] Among them, C PEM The rated power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is in kW, and is a parameter listed on the equipment nameplate; C ALK The rated power of the alkaline electrolyzer is in kW, and is a parameter on the equipment nameplate; f1 is the maximum fluctuation rate of wind and solar power, in % / s, representing the maximum value of the power change rate |ΔP / Δt| within a 10-second time window; T life,ALK The ALK design life is in years. In this embodiment, the default value is set to 10 T based on the manufacturer's accelerated aging test report. life,PEM The PEM design life is in years. In this embodiment, the default value is set to 8 based on the catalyst ECSA degradation model inversion.

[0122] A. Exponential Term This indicates the suppressive effect of volatility on the proportion of PEM (Peak Equivalent Module). The pattern can be expressed as: f1↑→Exponential term↓→PEM proportion↓ (that is, it indicates that in high volatility scenarios, the fragile PEM load needs to be reduced).

[0123] Curve characteristics:

[0124] \begin{array}{c|c}

[0125] f_1(\% / s)&0.25e^{-0.03f_1}\\\hline

[0126] 5&0.215\\

[0127] 10 & 0.186

[0128] 15 & 0.160

[0129] 20 & 0.138

[0130] \end{array};

[0131] B. Logarithmic terms The compensatory effect of lifetime differences on the ratio can be expressed as follows: ↑→Logarithmic term↑→PEM proportion↑ (i.e., the longer the ALK lifetime, the more base load it can handle, releasing PEM capacity)

[0132] Typical value: Default lifetime ratio 10 / 8 = 1.25 → ln(1.25) = 0.223l →

[0133] Compensation amount = 0.18 × 0.223 ≈ 0.040

[0134] C. Global Constraints

[0135]

[0136] Lower limit 0.15: Ensures PEM can smooth out second-level fluctuations (minimum power ≥ 15% P). rated );

[0137] Upper limit 0.45: To prevent PEM overload (current density > 2A / cm²) 2 Ir solubility increases by 300%

[0138] Engineering Application Examples

[0139] Scenario: Wind farm (f1 = 12%s), ALK lifetime increased to 12 years.

[0140] →Selection scheme: PEM accounts for 24.7% (e.g., for a 200kW system, select PEM 49.4kW + ALK 150.6kW)

[0141] The empirical evidence for the formula is shown in Table 1 below:

[0142] Table 1

[0143]

[0144] The implementation of step S21 solves the two major defects of the traditional allocation method: "ignoring the characteristics of power fluctuations" and "severing the impact of equipment lifespan", and achieves the global optimal configuration of efficiency, lifespan and cost.

[0145] S22, The capacity ratio of the electrolyzers is determined based on the rated power ratio of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) and the alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) and the life adjustment rules;

[0146] The lifetime adjustment rules include:

[0147] If the average annual wind speed at the wind and solar site is >8 m / s or the solar radiation fluctuation is >40%, then T life,PEM Reduced to 6 years;

[0148] If the ALK electrolyte uses highly stable additives, then T life,ALK The term has been increased to 12 years.

[0149] S3, perform control parameter mapping;

[0150] like Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, S3 includes:

[0151] S31, based on f2 and the lookup table logic, query the droop coefficient table to determine the droop coefficient R of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) and the alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) respectively. droop，PEM and R droop，ALK The droop coefficient table is shown in Table 2:

[0152] Table 2

[0153] <![CDATA[f2 range]]> <![CDATA[R droop，PEM ]]> <![CDATA[R droop，ALK ]]> [0.0,0.3) 0.048 0.015 [0.0,0.3) 0.033 0.010 [0.3,0.5) 0.022 0.008

[0154] In a preferred embodiment, the droop coefficient R droop，PEM and R droop，ALK The table lookup logic is extended as follows:

[0155] When f1 > 15%P rated When / s, force setting:

[0156] R droop，PEM =0.01;

[0157] R droop，ALK =0.005;

[0158] When the hydrogen storage system is in a charged state At that time, R droop，ALK Increase by 0.005.

[0159] S32, DTC hysteresis width ΔT is determined based on equation (2). e :

[0160]

[0161] As a preferred embodiment, the DTC hysteresis width ΔT e Partition control includes:

[0162] For a PEM electrolyzer, the DTC hysteresis width is: ΔT e,PEM =ΔT e ·(1-0.1·f2;

[0163] For an ALK electrolyzer, the DTC hysteresis width of the ALK electrolyzer is: ΔT e,ALK =ΔT e ·(1+0.2·f2;

[0164] S4, parameters for designing the cooling system;

[0165] like Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, S4 includes:

[0166] S41, Calculate the required heat dissipation power based on equation (3):

[0167]

[0168] Among them, P ALK P represents the power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK. PEM This indicates the power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer;

[0169] S42, Based on the required heat dissipation power, select a plate heat exchanger, wherein the heat transfer area A of the plate heat exchanger is... HX As shown in equation (4), the unit is m. 2 :

[0170]

[0171] Among them, A HX This represents the heat transfer area of ​​a plate heat exchanger, specifically the total effective heat transfer area of ​​all corrugated plates in the plate heat exchanger, in meters (m²). 2 The design constraint is: area ↑ → heat transfer capacity ↑, but pressure drop ↑ and cost ↑, and the heat transfer equation (5) must be satisfied:

[0172]

[0173] Where U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, ΔT LM The logarithmic mean temperature difference;

[0174] The coefficient 0.02 represents the comprehensive design parameters; the exponent 0.8 represents the nonlinear scaling factor.

[0175] S43, based on equation (6), configure the heat dissipation medium flow rate V cool The heat dissipation medium flow rate V cool The unit is L / min. Equation (6) is:

[0176]

[0177] Among them, c p ρT represents the specific heat capacity of water, ρT = 1000 kg / m³ 3 ΔT = 10K;

[0178] S44, Selected circulating pump, wherein the pump has a head exceeding 20m and is resistant to alkaline corrosion at pH=10-14.

[0179] Example 2

[0180] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a configuration system that implements the configuration method of Embodiment 1, including:

[0181] Data acquisition module 101 is used to collect wind and solar fluctuation characteristic parameters;

[0182] Parameter calculation module 102 is used to calculate the capacity ratio of the electrolytic cell;

[0183] Parameter mapping module 103 is used for mapping control parameters;

[0184] The parameter design module 104 is used to design the parameters of the cooling system.

[0185] Example 3

[0186] This embodiment provides a configuration apparatus for implementing the configuration method of Embodiment 1, comprising:

[0187] The wind and solar monitoring unit consists of a power sensor and a data processing chip; in this embodiment, the power sensor is a LEM CDT 2000 (accuracy ±0.2%); the data processing chip is a TI AM3358 (Cortex-A8 1GHz);

[0188] The parameter calculation unit consists of a floating-point arithmetic unit and a storage module; in this embodiment, the floating-point arithmetic unit is an FPGA Xilinx XC7Z020; the storage module is a Micron MTFC16GAPALBH-IT.

[0189] The execution unit consists of a DTC controller and a PWM driver; in this embodiment, the DTC controller is a TITMS320F28379D; and the PWM driver is an Infineon 2ED2184S06F.

[0190] The lifetime prediction unit is used to predict the lifetime of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEM) and alkaline electrolyzers (ALK) based on inputs, a PEM lifetime model, and an ALK lifetime model; wherein the inputs are real-time f1 and real-time f3, electrolyzer temperature T, and current density J;

[0191] The PEM lifetime model is as follows:

[0192]

[0193] The ALK lifetime model is as follows:

[0194]

[0195] A fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide an off-grid hydrogen production device, including the configuration apparatus of the third aspect, and further comprising:

[0196] A PEM electrolyzer includes a membrane electrode, wherein the membrane electrode is Nafion 117 with an Ir loading of 2.0 ± 0.1 mg / cm³. 2 The working pressure is 30±2 bar.

[0197] An ALK electrolytic cell includes electrodes and an electrolyte, wherein the electrodes are nickel-plated Co-Mn catalysts (active area ≥ 500 μm²). 2 / g); the electrolyte is 30% KOH + 0.1% Na2WO4.

[0198] Hydrogen storage system, including a carbon fiber tank, wherein the carbon fiber tank is T800 grade and designed for a pressure of 45 MPa; The measurement error is ≤ ±1.5%.

[0199] In a preferred embodiment, the off-grid hydrogen production equipment is configured with a safety protection strategy, which includes:

[0200] When f1 > 20%P rated At / s: activate the supercapacitor buffer, where the supercapacitor's capacitance is ≥5%P. rated PEM power limiting to 80%C PEM ;

[0201] when When the load exceeds the limit by 10% continuously, a graded load reduction strategy is triggered. The graded load reduction strategy includes: ALK first reduces the power to 70%, then PEM reduces the power to 50%, and finally the system is shut down.

[0202] The present invention also provides a memory that stores multiple instructions for implementing the method as described in Embodiment 1.

[0203] like Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor 301 and a memory 302 connected to the processor 301. The memory 302 stores a plurality of instructions, which can be loaded and executed by the processor to enable the processor to perform the method as described in Embodiment 1.

[0204] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for configuring parameters of an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system, characterized in that, include: S1, collects characteristic parameters of wind and solar fluctuations; S2, calculate the capacity ratio of the electrolytic cell; S3, perform control parameter mapping; S4, parameters for designing the cooling system.

2. The parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes: S11, real-time monitoring of wind and solar power output power P(t); S12, based on the output power P(t) of the wind and solar power source, extract the maximum volatility f1, the non-uniformity coefficient f2, and the cumulative volatility intensity f3: where: The maximum volatility f1 is the maximum value of the power change rate |ΔP / Δt| within a 10-second time window, that is: Where Δt = 10s; The uniformity coefficient f2 is the daily power standard deviation σ P With mean μ P The ratio, that is: The cumulative fluctuation intensity f3 is the integral of the absolute value of the power change rate over 24 hours, that is: The integral of f3 is implemented as follows: The sampling period Δt = 0.1s.

3. The parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that, S2 includes: S21, determine the rated power ratio of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) to the alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) according to formula (1): Among them, C PEM The rated power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is in kW, and is a parameter listed on the equipment nameplate; C ALK The rated power of the alkaline electrolyzer is in kW, and is a parameter on the equipment nameplate; f1 is the maximum fluctuation rate of wind and solar power, in % / s, representing the maximum value of the power change rate |ΔP / Δt| within a 10-second time window; T life,ALK The ALK design life is in years. In this embodiment, the default value is set to 10 T based on the manufacturer's accelerated aging test report. life,PEM The PEM design life is in years. In this embodiment, the default value is set to 8 based on the catalyst ECSA degradation model inversion. S22, The capacity ratio of the electrolyzers is determined based on the rated power ratio of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) and the alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) and the life adjustment rules. The lifetime adjustment rules include: If the average annual wind speed at the wind and solar site is >8 m / s or the solar radiation fluctuation is >40%, then T life,PEM Reduced to 6 years; If the ALK electrolyte uses highly stable additives, then T life,ALK The term has been increased to 12 years.

4. The parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that, S3 includes: S31, based on f2 and the lookup table logic, query the droop coefficient table to determine the droop coefficient R for the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) and alkaline electrolyzer (ALK), respectively. droop，PEM and R droop，ALK The droop coefficient table is shown in the table below: S32, DTC hysteresis width ΔT is determined based on equation (2). e :

5. The parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The droop coefficient R droop，PEM and R droop，ALK The table lookup logic is extended as follows: When f1 > 15%P rated When / s, force setting: R droop，PEM ＝0.01； R droop，ALK ＝0.005； When the hydrogen storage system is in a charged state At that time, R droop，ALK Increase by 0.

005.

6. The parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 5, characterized in that, For the DTC hysteresis width ΔT e Partition control includes: For a PEM electrolyzer, the DTC hysteresis width is: ΔT e,PEM =ΔT e ·(1-0.1·f2; For an ALK electrolyzer, the DTC hysteresis width of the ALK electrolyzer is: ΔT e,ALK =ΔT e ·(1+0.2·f 2。 7. The parameter configuration method for an off-grid ALK-PEM green energy coupled hydrogen production system according to claim 6, characterized in that, S4 includes: S41, Calculate the required heat dissipation power based on equation (3): Among them, P ALK P represents the power of the alkaline electrolyzer ALK. PEM This indicates the power of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; S42, Based on the required heat dissipation power, select a plate heat exchanger, wherein the heat transfer area A of the plate heat exchanger is... HX As shown in equation (4), the unit is m. 2 : Among them, A HX This represents the heat transfer area of ​​a plate heat exchanger, specifically the total effective heat transfer area of ​​all corrugated plates in the plate heat exchanger, in meters (m²). 2 The heat transfer equation (5) must be satisfied: Where U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, ΔT LM The logarithmic mean temperature difference; The coefficient 0.02 represents the comprehensive design parameters; the exponent 0.8 represents the nonlinear scaling factor. S43, Based on equation (6), configure the heat dissipation medium flow rate V cool The heat dissipation medium flow rate V cool The unit is L / min. Equation (6) is: Among them, c p ρT represents the specific heat capacity of water, ρT = 1000 kg / m³ 3 ΔT = 10K; S44, Selected circulating pump, wherein the pump has a head exceeding 20m and is resistant to alkaline corrosion at pH=10-14.

8. A configuration system implementing the configuration method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module (101) is used to collect wind and solar fluctuation characteristic parameters; The parameter calculation module (102) is used to calculate the capacity ratio of the electrolytic cell; The parameter mapping module (103) is used to perform control parameter mapping; The parameter design module (104) is used to design the parameters of the cooling system.

9. A configuration apparatus for implementing the configuration method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The wind and solar monitoring unit consists of a power sensor and a data processing chip. The parameter calculation unit consists of a floating-point arithmetic unit and a storage module; The execution unit consists of a DTC controller and a PWM driver; The lifetime prediction unit is used to predict the lifetime of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM) and an alkaline electrolyzer (ALK) based on inputs, a PEM lifetime model, and an ALK lifetime model; wherein, the inputs include real-time f1 and real-time f3, electrolyzer temperature T, and current density J. The PEM lifetime model is as follows: The ALK lifetime model is as follows:

10. An off-grid hydrogen production device, comprising the configuration apparatus of claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A PEM electrolyzer includes a membrane electrode, wherein the membrane electrode is Nafion 117 with an Ir loading of 2.0 ± 0.1 mg / cm³. 2 The working pressure is 30±2 bar. An ALK electrolytic cell includes electrodes and an electrolyte, wherein the electrodes are nickel-plated Co-Mn catalysts with an active area ≥500m². 2 / g; the electrolyte is 30% KOH + 0.1% Na2WO4; Hydrogen storage system, including a carbon fiber tank, wherein the carbon fiber tank is T800 grade and designed for a pressure of 45 MPa; The measurement error is ≤ ±1.5%; The off-grid hydrogen production equipment is equipped with a safety protection strategy, which includes: When f1 > 20%P rated At / s: activate the supercapacitor buffer, where the supercapacitor's capacitance is ≥5%P. rated PEM power limited to 80%C PEM ; when When the load exceeds the limit by 10% continuously, a graded load reduction strategy is triggered. The graded load reduction strategy includes: ALK first reduces the power to 70%, then PEM reduces the power to 50%, and finally the system is shut down.

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