Ruminant fermented feed taking sauced wine vinasse as main material and preparation method of ruminant fermented feed

Abstract

The invention provides a ruminant fermented feed taking Maotai-flavor wine vinasse as a main material and a preparation method thereof, the ruminant fermented feed is prepared by taking fresh Maotai-flavor wine vinasse and auxiliary materials as raw materials, inoculating a composite microecological preparation and then fermenting; the fresh Maotai wine vinasse accounts for 50-60% of the total weight of the raw materials, and the balance is the auxiliary materials; the mass of the composite microecological preparation is 0.05-0.1% of the total weight of the raw materials; the auxiliary material is prepared by mixing 15-30% of crushed energy feed raw materials, 5-20% of corn DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble), 5-10% of corn protein powder, 2-5% of red date powder and 4% of special premix for ruminants according to the dry weight of the raw materials; the preparation method comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment, mixing, water content adjustment and silage bag solid fermentation. According to the invention, the fresh Maotai wine vinasse (50-60%) is taken as a main material, diversified auxiliary materials are added, the feed is prepared under the synergistic effect of compound microorganisms, the cost is low, the palatability is good, the process stability is high, the nutrition is improved, and the safety is enhanced at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of breeding feed, in particular to a fermented feed for ruminants mainly using sauce-making distiller's grains as raw material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the traditional processing mode, the distiller's grains are simply processed and used as compost or burned, but this way not only has low utilization rate, but also causes secondary pollution to the air, soil and water. The distiller's grains are the residues left after extracting alcohol from fermented and distilled grains such as sorghum, wheat and barley, and contain many nutrients that have not been fully utilized. The nutrient content in the distiller's grains, excluding water, accounts for about 40% of the total composition. These nutrients include starch, protein, fat, cellulose, vitamins, trace elements and other nutrients remaining from incomplete saccharification and fermentation of grains, as well as metabolites and autolysates of bacteria. Overall, the distiller's grains can be divided into two aspects: conventional nutrients and functional nutrients. Studies have shown that, overall, the distiller's grains of sauce-flavor liquor have the highest nutritional value among all Chinese liquor flavors, especially the content of nutrients such as crude protein and starch, which are higher than those of other flavors.

[0003] As a by-product of the liquor-making process, the distiller's grains contain a large amount of incomplete fermented grain hulls and residual grain hulls, and the cellulose content in these grain hulls is high. High crude fiber content can reduce the digestibility and nutritional value of feed, and affect the growth rate and meat quality of animals. Taking sauce liquor as an example, although the distiller's grains of sauce-flavor liquor have high nutritional value, the waste distiller's grains have high water content and high acidity, and contain 25%-30% of rice hulls. Due to the large amount of rice hulls, the traditional distiller's grains processing method mainly relies on natural fermentation, which can improve the nutritional value, but results in high crude fiber content, poor palatability, low digestible energy and metabolic energy in the distiller's grains; at the same time, the relatively large molecular weight of protein and its compact structure are not conducive to the digestion and absorption of the body, which seriously affects the value of the distiller's grains. In addition, due to the water content of fresh sauce liquor distiller's grains generally exceeding 60%, it is easy to mold during natural stacking and fermentation, producing toxic substances such as aflatoxin and fumonisin, which seriously endanger animal health.

[0004] Under the situation of high price of feed raw materials such as soybean meal and the continuous rise, the breeding market is in a downturn, and it is urgent to reduce costs. If the distiller's grains are simply used as compost or biomass fuel, it is a great waste. Therefore, the maximum development and utilization of distiller's grains into fermented feed is a correct way of rational utilization of resources. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application aims to provide a ruminant fermented feed taking sauce-making wine lees as main material and a preparation method thereof, which is used to solve the problems of fresh wine lees, such as easy corruption and mildew, not easy to store for a long time, poor palatability, low digestible energy and metabolic energy, and reduce the breeding cost of ruminants, improve the meat quality, reduce the odor of feces, and improve the breeding environment.

[0006] A ruminant fermented feed taking sauce-making wine lees as main material, which is prepared by inoculating a complex micro-ecological preparation into raw materials of fresh sauce-making wine lees (main material) and auxiliary materials, and then fermenting; the content of the fresh sauce-making wine lees in the raw materials accounts for 50-60% of the total weight of the raw materials, and the rest is the auxiliary materials; the mass of the complex micro-ecological preparation accounts for 0.05-0.1% of the total weight of the raw materials; and the auxiliary materials are obtained by mixing the following materials in a proportion of 15-30%:5-20%:5-10%:2-5%:4% of the dry weight of the raw materials: the pulverized energy feed raw material (obtained by pulverizing at least one of corn, wheat or rice), corn DDGS, corn protein powder, red jujube powder and ruminant special premix.

[0007] Further, the complex micro-ecological preparation is prepared by mixing the following bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and then low-temperature freeze-drying: Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum.

[0008] Further, in the complex micro-ecological preparation, the effective viable count of the Bacillus licheniformis fermentation product is ≥10 9 CFU / g, the effective viable count of the Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation product is ≥10 9 CFU / g, the effective viable count of the Lactobacillus salivarius fermentation product is ≥10 9 CFU / g, the effective viable count of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product is ≥10 9 CFU / g, and the effective viable count of the Clostridium butyricum fermentation product is ≥10 9 CFU / g.

[0009] Further, the specific preparation process of the complex micro-ecological preparation is as follows: after the Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum are respectively enriched and cultured in liquid culture medium containing LB, MRS or YPD for 24 hours, the total number of colonies is detected to reach 10 9 CFU / g, they are respectively added into a complex solid culture medium in a volume ratio of 1:100, mixed uniformly, and cultured at 20-30°C for 24-36 hours, and the total number of effective viable bacteria is detected to be ≥10 9CFU / g, respectively, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae, clostridium butyricum ferment; bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae, clostridium butyricum ferment are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and uniformly mixed, and then low-temperature freeze-dried to a water content of 10%-15% to obtain a compound micro-ecological preparation, which is reserved.

[0010] The ferment composed of bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum does not contain any chemical harmful substances, has no toxic side effects, and does not pollute the environment. By adding the compound micro-ecological preparation to the ruminant fermented feed raw material for solid fermentation, a large amount of beneficial live bacteria and metabolic products such as polysaccharides, small peptides, vitamins, active enzymes and organic acids are contained in the fermentation product, which can decompose or transform macromolecular nutrients such as cellulose into small molecular substances that are more easily absorbed, so that the ruminant can enhance the digestion and absorption while the meat quality is better than that of ordinary feed feeding. In addition, the compound microbial strains can produce amino acid oxidase and enzymes that can decompose sulfides in the animal intestinal tract, thereby reducing the concentration of harmful gases such as ammonia and indole in the blood and feces, reducing the odor of fecal pollution, and improving the breeding environment.

[0011] The compound solid culture medium is prepared by mixing 55-65% of wheat flour, 25-35% of corn gluten meal and 5-15% of glucose, adding clean tap water that has been aerated for 3-4 hours, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the water content of the culture medium to 55-65%.

[0012] A preparation method of a ruminant fermented feed mainly composed of sauce lees, comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: grinding the energy feed raw material to a particle size of 0.5-3mm with a grinder.

[0013] S2. Mixing and adjusting water content: uniformly mixing various raw materials in proportion and inoculating the mixture with a compound micro-ecological preparation, and adjusting the water content of the mixture to 45%-50%.

[0014] S3. Solid fermentation in a silage bag: filling the mixture into a silage bag (40-1000 kg per bag), sealing the bag opening, transferring to a constant-temperature fermentation room, and fermenting at 28-35℃ for 72h.

[0015] During feeding of the ruminant, the feeding amount of the ruminant fermented feed of the present application is 10%-70% of the mass of the total mixed ration, and the total mixed ration is added during the whole fattening process, and the feeding can be carried out by using a conventional method, which is simple and convenient to operate, has a short feeding period, and has high economic benefits.

[0016] Further, the silage bag in step S3 is provided with a one-way exhaust valve for discharging carbon dioxide in the bag and isolating external oxygen.

[0017] In one scheme of the present application, the silage bag in step S3 is double-layered, and an independent and closed accommodating cavity is formed between the inner bag and the outer bag. The one-way exhaust valve is installed on the inner bag and its exhaust end extends into the accommodating cavity. The outer bag and the inner bag are both made of air-tight material. The outer bag is made of low-elastic or non-elastic plastic film, and the inner bag is made of common plastic film with certain elasticity (elasticity is greater than that of the outer bag). The one-way exhaust valve can discharge the carbon dioxide generated in the inner bag into the accommodating cavity, and reversely extrude the inner bag to accelerate the discharge of carbon dioxide in the inner bag.

[0018] The present application has the following advantages: 1) Resource utilization of distiller's grains: Fresh distiller's grains (50-60%) are used as the main material, which is rich in residual sugar, protein and flavor substances, thus reducing the cost of feed and solving the environmental problem of brewing by-products.

[0019] 2) Diversified auxiliary materials: Corn DDGS and corn protein powder are used to supplement protein; jujube powder provides natural sugar and trace elements to enhance palatability.

[0020] 3) Synergistic effect of complex microorganisms: The complex microecological preparation has a synergistic effect. Bacillus licheniformis can quickly degrade cellulose in distiller's grains; Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus salivarius can inhibit harmful bacteria such as Aspergillus flavus in feed or Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants; Saccharomyces cerevisiae can produce a large amount of yeast protein and a small amount of ethanol to increase nutrition and palatability, while Clostridium butyricum produces butyric acid and other short-chain fatty acids to promote intestinal health of animals.

[0021] 4) High process stability: The present application uses silage bag fermentation, and the silage bag is designed with a one-way exhaust valve to allow CO2 to be discharged and to isolate oxygen, thereby reducing the risk of mold and prolonging the shelf life. The double-layer bag structure reversely extrudes the inner bag to accelerate the discharge of carbon dioxide and improve the fermentation efficiency. In addition, constant temperature fermentation (28-35℃) is adopted, which is suitable for the metabolic activity of most probiotics to ensure the consistency of fermentation efficiency.

[0022] 5) Nutrient improvement: After fermentation, the protein is partially decomposed into small peptides and amino acids to improve the digestibility; the fiber structure of the residual raw materials such as hulls in distiller's grains is destroyed to improve the energy utilization rate.

[0023] 6) Enhanced safety: The acidic environment (pH reduced to below 4.5) dominated by lactic acid bacteria inhibits pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli; the complex microbial agent competitively excludes harmful microorganisms to reduce the risk of feed spoilage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present application will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present application. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "comprise", "contain" or any other variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment containing a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. Embodiment 1

[0026] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of ruminant fermented feed taking sauce lees as main material, comprising the following steps: (1) Take bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum preserved in a-80℃ refrigerator, and put them into an ice box for step-by-step thawing for recovery. 100μL of recovered bacterial strain preservation solution is inoculated in a 10mL test tube (containing LB, YPD or MRS liquid medium) and placed in a shaking bed for activation culture. Bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus salivarius are cultured at 37℃ for 24h to obtain a bacterial solution with an effective viable bacterial count of 10 9 CFU / mL; saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum are cultured at 28℃ for 36h to obtain a bacterial solution with an effective viable bacterial count of 10 9 CFU / mL.

[0027] (2) Take the activated bacterial solution of step (1), and add it to a compound solid culture medium at a volume ratio of 1:100, respectively, and mix uniformly. After 36h of culture at 28℃, the total effective viable bacterial count is detected to be ≥10 9 CFU / g, and lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum fermentation products are prepared, respectively. Then, the bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum fermentation products are mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and low-temperature freeze-drying is performed until the water content is 12% to prepare a compound microecological preparation for standby use. The compound solid culture medium is prepared by mixing 60% of wheat flour, 30% of corn gluten powder and 10% of glucose by mass (total amount of culture medium solid substances), adding clean tap water subjected to aeration for 4h, mixing uniformly, and adjusting the water content of the culture medium to 60%.

[0028] (3) The corn is crushed into a powder with a particle size of 3 mm, and the corn powder is mixed with corn DDGS, corn protein powder, red jujube powder, and a premix for ruminants in a ratio of 20:8:6:2:4 by weight of the total dry matter of the fermentation feedstock, as an auxiliary material; 60% of fresh Jiang liquor lees and 40% of the auxiliary material are mixed, inoculated with a composite microecological preparation (Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), and the inoculation amount of the composite microecological preparation is 0.08% of the dry weight of the raw material; the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to 50%, the mixture is placed in a 40-kg silage bag with a one-way exhaust valve, sealed, and then moved into a constant-temperature fermentation chamber at 30°C for fermentation for 72 h to prepare a fermented feed for ruminants. After detection, the crude protein in the fermented mixed feed is increased from 12.46% to 14.83%, with an increase rate of 19.02%; the fermented feed has uniform color, no moldy marks, no rotten smell, a slight sour smell, a pH value of 4.08, and good palatability; the effective viable number of the composite probiotics is 1.60x10 8 CFU / g (see Table 1); and the shelf life can be up to more than 2 years. Example 2

[0029] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a fermented feed for ruminants using Jiang liquor lees as the main material, which comprises the following steps: (1) Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum preserved in a-80°C refrigerator are taken out, thawed step by step in an ice box, and recovered. 100 μL of the recovered bacterial strain preservation solution is inoculated in a 10 mL test tube (containing LB, YPD, or MRS liquid medium) and placed in a shaking bed for activation culture. Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus salivarius are cultured at 37°C for 24 h to obtain a bacterial solution with an effective viable number of 10 9 CFU / mL; and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum are cultured at 28°C for 36 h to obtain a bacterial solution with an effective viable number of 10 9 CFU / mL.

[0030] (2) The activated bacterial solution in step (1) is added to a composite solid culture medium in a volume ratio of 1:100, respectively, mixed uniformly, and cultured at 30°C for 30 h. After detection, the total number of effective viable bacteria is ≥10 9CFU / g, respectively, to obtain bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum fermentation products; the bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum fermentation products are mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and are low-temperature freeze-dried to a water content of 10% to prepare a composite microecological preparation for standby; wherein the composite solid culture medium is prepared by mixing 55% of wheat flour, 30% of corn gluten meal and 15% of glucose, adding clean tap water which is aerated for 3 hours, and mixing uniformly to adjust the water content of the culture medium to 60%.

[0031] (3) The wheat is crushed into powder with a particle size of 2 mm, and the wheat powder is mixed with corn DDGS, corn gluten meal, red jujube powder and premix for ruminants at a ratio of 20%:10%:6%:5%:4% of the total weight of dry matter of the fermentation feed raw materials (sum of dry weight of main materials and dry weight of auxiliary materials) as auxiliary materials; 55% of fresh distiller's grains and 45% of auxiliary materials are mixed, inoculated with the composite microecological preparation (mass ratio of bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum is 1:1:1:1:1), and the inoculation amount of the composite microecological preparation is 0.09% of the dry weight of raw materials; the water content of the mixture is adjusted to 48%, the mixture is loaded into a 1000 kg silage bag with a one-way exhaust valve, sealed, and then moved into a constant-temperature fermentation chamber for fermentation at 30℃ for 72 h to prepare a ruminant fermented feed. After detection, the crude protein in the fermented mixed feed is increased from 13.25% to 15.95%, with an increase rate of 20.04%; the fermented feed has uniform color, no moldy marks, no putrefactive odor, a slight sweet and sour aroma, a pH value of 3.96, and good palatability; the effective viable number of the composite probiotics is 1.88x10 8 CFU / g (see Table 1); the shelf life can be up to 2 years or more. Example 3

[0032] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a ruminant fermented feed taking distiller's grains as main materials, which comprises the following steps: (1) The bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus salivarius, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum preserved in a-80℃ refrigerator are taken out, thawed step by step in an ice box for recovery, and 100 μL of the recovered bacterial strain preservation solution is inoculated in a 10 mL test tube (containing LB, YPD or MRS liquid culture medium) and placed in a shaking bed for activation culture; the bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus salivarius are cultured at 37℃ for 24 h to obtain a bacterial solution with an effective viable number of 10 9 CFU / mL; the saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum are cultured at 26℃ for 36 h to obtain a bacterial solution with an effective viable number of 10 9 CFU / mL.

[0033] (2) Take the activated bacteria solution of step (1), and add to the compound solid culture medium at a volume ratio of 1:100, respectively, mix well, and culture at 30°C for 30 hours. After detection, the total number of effective viable bacteria is ≥10 9 CFU / g, respectively, to obtain Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum fermentation products. Then, the Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum fermentation products are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and low-temperature freeze-dried to a water content of 10% to prepare a compound microecological preparation for standby use. The compound solid culture medium is prepared by mixing 58% wheat flour, 27% corn gluten meal, and 15% glucose, adding clean tap water that has been aerated for 3 hours, mixing well, and adjusting the water content of the culture medium to 60%.

[0034] (3) The rice is crushed into a powder with a particle size of 1 mm. The rice powder, corn DDGS, corn gluten meal, red jujube powder, and ruminant special premix are mixed at a ratio of 18%:10%:8%:2%:4% based on the total weight of the dry matter of the fermentation feed raw materials (the sum of the dry weights of the main materials and the dry weights of the auxiliary materials) to serve as the auxiliary materials. 58% fresh Jiang wine lees and 42% auxiliary materials are mixed, inoculated with the compound microecological preparation (Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), and the inoculation amount of the compound microecological preparation is 0.1% of the dry weight of the raw materials. The water content of the mixture is adjusted to 46%, the mixture is loaded into a 40-kg silage bag with a one-way exhaust valve, sealed, and then moved into a constant-temperature fermentation chamber at 32°C for fermentation for 72 hours to prepare a ruminant fermentation feed. After detection, the crude protein content in the fermented mixed feed is increased from 13.55% to 16.49%, with an increase rate of 21.70%. The fermented feed has uniform color, no moldy marks, no signs of spoilage, a slight sour smell, a pH value of 3.88, and good palatability. The number of effective viable bacteria of the compound probiotics is 1.15x10 8 CFU / g (see Table 1). The shelf life can be up to 2 years or more. Example 4

[0035] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a ruminant fermentation feed using Jiang wine lees as the main material, which comprises the following steps: (1) Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum preserved in a-80°C refrigerator are taken out, thawed in an ice box for recovery, and 100 μL of the recovered bacterial strain preservation solution is inoculated in a 10-mL test tube (containing LB, YPD, or MRS liquid culture medium) and placed in a shaking bed for activation culture. Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus salivarius are cultured at 37°C for 24 hours to obtain 10 9CFU / mL of bacteria solution; Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Clostridium butyricum were cultured at 26℃ for 36h, and the effective viable cell count was 10 9 CFU / mL of bacteria solution; (2) The activated bacteria solution in step (1) was added to the compound solid culture medium at a volume ratio of 1:100, respectively, mixed uniformly, and cultured at 20-30℃ for 24h. The total effective viable cell count was ≥10 9 CFU / g, respectively, to obtain Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum fermentation products; then the Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum fermentation products were mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, low-temperature freeze-dried to a water content of 15%, and prepared into a compound microecological preparation for standby use; wherein the compound solid culture medium was prepared by mixing 60% wheat flour, 28% corn gluten meal, and 12% glucose, adding clean tap water aerated for 4h, mixing uniformly, and adjusting the water content of the culture medium to 60%.

[0036] (3) The corn was crushed into a powder with a particle size of 1mm, and the corn powder was mixed with corn DDGS, corn gluten meal, red jujube powder, and a premix for ruminants at a ratio of 20%:8%:6%:2%:4% based on the total weight of the dry matter of the fermented feed raw materials (dry weight of raw materials) as an auxiliary material; 60% fresh sauce lees and 40% auxiliary material were mixed, inoculated with a compound microecological preparation (Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium butyricum at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), and the inoculation amount of the compound microecological preparation was 0.1% of the dry weight of the raw materials; the water content of the mixture was adjusted to 50%, the mixture was placed in a 40kg silage bag with a one-way exhaust valve, sealed well, and then moved into a constant-temperature fermentation chamber at 28℃ for fermentation for 72h to prepare a fermented feed for ruminants. After fermentation, the crude protein in the mixed feed was increased from 12.78% to 15.36%, with an increase rate of 20.18%; the fermented feed had uniform color, no moldy marks, no spoilage odor, and a sour aroma, with a pH value of 4.20 and good palatability; the effective viable cell count of the compound probiotics was 1.08x10 8 CFU / g (see Table 1); the shelf life can be up to 2 years or more. Example 5

[0037] The difference between this example and any one of Examples 1-4 is that: The silage bag body is double-layer, and an independent and closed accommodating cavity is formed between the inner bag body and the outer bag body. The one-way exhaust valve is installed on the inner bag body, and the exhaust end thereof extends into the accommodating cavity. The outer bag body and the inner bag body are both made of air-tight material. The outer bag body is made of low-elastic or non-elastic plastic film, and the inner bag body is made of common plastic film with certain elasticity (the elasticity is greater than that of the outer bag body). The one-way exhaust valve can exhaust the carbon dioxide generated in the inner bag body into the accommodating cavity, and reversely extrude the inner bag body to accelerate the exhaust of the carbon dioxide in the inner bag body. Effect verification test:

[0038] The feed prepared by the method of each of Examples 1-4 is divided into four experimental groups, and the crude protein content before fermentation, the crude protein content after fermentation, the pH value, the color, the taste and the effective number of viable bacteria of the feed corresponding to each experimental group are detected and recorded. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0039] Table 1 Test results of ruminant fermented feed prepared by different examples

[0040] Data analysis (Table 1) 1. Analysis of crude protein improvement efficiency The experimental group with the highest crude protein improvement efficiency is Example 3, and the crude protein improvement efficiency thereof reaches 21.70%.

[0041] When the proportion of distiller's grains is 58% and the water content is 46%, and the rice auxiliary material combination is used, the decomposition of cellulose by microorganisms is significantly promoted, and more protein is released.

[0042] When the proportion of distiller's grains is too high (60%) (Example 1 and Example 4), the improvement rate decreases (19.02% / 20.18%), which indicates that the proportion of auxiliary materials needs to be balanced to provide sufficient carbon source.

[0043] 2. Analysis of pH control and bacteriostatic effect The pH of all experimental groups is less than 4.5 (3.88-4.20), and the acidity of Example 3 is the strongest (pH 3.88), which indicates that the lactic acid bacteria dominated fermentation is sufficient and effectively inhibits pathogenic bacteria.

[0044] 3. Analysis of the difference in viable bacteria count The experimental group with the highest viable bacteria count is Example 2, and the effective viable bacteria count thereof reaches 1.88 x 10 8 CFU / g, which indicates that the wheat auxiliary material (20%) + higher water content (48%) is more beneficial to the proliferation of microorganisms.

[0045] However, the viable bacteria count ≠ protein improvement rate (Example 3 has the lowest viable bacteria count but the highest crude protein improvement efficiency), which indicates that the metabolic activity of the bacterial flora is more important than the number.

[0046] 4. Process stability verification All experimental groups: Uniform color and no mildew (silo bag sealing + effective exhaust valve) Shelf life ≥2 years (acidic environment + anaerobic fermentation to inhibit spoilage) Flavor is sour (lactic acid bacteria metabolites dominant) In summary, through comparative analysis, the most efficient formula of the present application is Example 3 (distiller's grains 58% + rice auxiliary materials + moisture content 46%), which has a crude protein increase rate of 21.70%, pH 3.88, and the best comprehensive nutrient conversion. The optimal fermentation conditions are moisture content 46-48% + 30-32°C constant temperature fermentation, balanced microbial activity and metabolic efficiency. Different auxiliary materials (corn / wheat / rice) and distiller's grains ratio (55-60%) can all produce high-quality feed stably, and the verification technology is reliable; the distiller's grains ratio above 60% may inhibit the activity of the bacterial population, and needs to be controlled at 55-58% to avoid nutritional imbalance, the moisture content is 46-48%, the protein conversion efficiency is higher, the rice auxiliary material (Example 3) has the highest crude protein increase rate, and the wheat (Example 2) has the highest viable bacterial count. The breeding farm can choose auxiliary materials according to the cost of raw materials, pursue protein increase with rice (Example 3), and pursue viable bacterial count with wheat (Example 2).

[0047] Other details of the present application are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that processes, methods, articles or equipment containing a series of elements not only include those elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or inherent to such processes, methods, articles or equipment.

[0049] The protection scope of the present application is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific embodiments, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made according to the technical essence of the present application to the above embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fermented feed for ruminants using distiller's grains as a main material, characterized by comprising: It is prepared by inoculating a complex micro-ecological preparation into fresh Jiang liquor lees and auxiliary materials as raw materials, and then fermenting; the content of the fresh Jiang liquor lees in the raw materials accounts for 50-60% of the total weight of the raw materials, and the rest is auxiliary materials; the mass of the complex micro-ecological preparation accounts for 0.05-0.1% of the total weight of the raw materials; the auxiliary materials are obtained by mixing the pulverized energy feed raw materials, corn DDGS, corn protein powder, jujube powder and ruminant special premix at a ratio of 15-30%:5-20%:5-10%:2-5%:4% by dry weight of the raw materials. ​ 2. The fermented feed for ruminants according to claim 1, wherein the fermented feed is prepared using the sauce-making distiller's grains as a main material. The complex micro-ecological preparation is prepared by mixing Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and then low-temperature freeze-drying.

3. The fermented feed for ruminants according to claim 2, wherein the fermented feed is prepared using the sauce-making distiller's grains as a main material. In the composite microecological preparation, the effective viable cell number of the Bacillus licheniformis ferment is ≥10 9 CFU / g, the effective viable cell number of the Lactobacillus plantarum ferment is ≥10 9 CFU / g, the effective viable cell number of the Lactobacillus salivarius ferment is ≥10 9 CFU / g, the effective viable cell number of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferment is ≥10 9 CFU / g, the effective viable cell number of the Clostridium butyricum ferment is ≥10 9 CFU / g.

4. The fermented feed for ruminants according to claim 3, wherein the fermented feed is prepared by using the distiller's grains of the Chinese liquor as a main material. The specific preparation process of the composite microecological preparation is as follows: Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum are respectively enriched and cultured in liquid culture medium containing LB, MRS or YPD for 24 hours, and then the total number of colonies is detected to reach 10 9 CFU / g, and then respectively added into the composite solid culture medium at a volume ratio of 1:100, mixed uniformly, and cultured at 20-30 DEG C for 24-36 hours, and the total number of effective viable bacteria is detected to be greater than or equal to 10 9 CFU / g, that is, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum fermentation products are respectively prepared; and then the Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum fermentation products are mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and the composite microecological preparation is obtained by low-temperature freeze drying, and is ready for use.

5. The fermented feed for ruminants according to claim 4, wherein the fermented feed is prepared using the sauce-making distiller's grains as a main material. The complex solid culture medium is prepared by mixing 55-65% of wheat flour, 25-35% of corn protein powder and 5-15% of glucose by total weight of solid substances, adding clean tap water that has been aerated for 3-4 hours, mixing uniformly, and adjusting the water content of the culture medium to 55-65%.

6. The fermented feed for ruminants according to claim 4, wherein the fermented feed is prepared by using the distiller's grains of the Chinese liquor as the main material. The water content of the complex micro-ecological preparation is 10%-15%.

7. The fermented feed for ruminants according to claim 1, wherein the fermented feed is prepared by using the distiller's grains of the Chinese liquor as a main material. The energy feed raw material is obtained by pulverizing at least one of corn, wheat or rice.

8. A method for preparing a fermented feed for ruminants using a sauce lees as a main material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: pulverize the energy feed raw material to a particle size of 0.5-3mm with a pulverizer; S2. Mixing and adjusting the water content: mix the various raw materials uniformly according to the proportion and inoculate the mixture with the complex micro-ecological preparation, and adjust the water content of the mixture to 45%-50%; S3. Solid fermentation in a silage bag: put the mixture into a silage bag, seal the bag opening, transfer to a constant-temperature fermentation room, and ferment at 28-35℃ for 72h.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the fermented feed is prepared by using the distiller's grains of the soy sauce as a main material. The silage bag in step S3 is provided with a one-way exhaust valve for exhausting carbon dioxide in the bag and isolating external oxygen.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the fermented feed is prepared by using the fermented soy sauce lees as a main material. The silage bag in step S3 has a double-layer bag body, an independent and closed accommodation cavity is formed between the inner bag body and the outer bag body, and the one-way exhaust valve is installed on the inner bag body with its exhaust end extending into the accommodation cavity, for exhausting the carbon dioxide generated inside the inner bag body into the accommodation cavity, reversely extruding the inner bag body and accelerating the exhaust of carbon dioxide in the inner bag body.

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