Intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device and intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection method

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device and an intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection method. The intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device comprises a device shell, a quaternary sensor array, a dynamic response system and an integrated protection unit, the quaternary sensor array comprises an electrochemical sensor, an NDIR infrared sensor, an environment temperature and humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor; the dynamic response system can perform intelligent assessment according to the safety index information transmitted by the quaternary sensor array and obtain a safety risk assessment value; and the integrated protection unit can perform integrated protection according to the safety risk assessment value. Quick response active protection can be achieved, all the protection units are coordinated and linked, and the protection effect is excellent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of safety protection, and particularly relates to a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device and a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly toxic, flammable and strongly corrosive gas, which is widely present in many industrial fields such as petroleum and chemical industry, natural gas exploitation, sewage treatment and the like, and poses a serious threat to operating personnel.

[0003] This gas is heavier than air (relative density 1.19), and is often accumulated in low-lying places or poorly ventilated spaces. When the concentration reaches 100-200 ppm, the human sense of smell can be inhibited within 2-5 minutes, and cough and eye inflammation can be induced. When the concentration exceeds 700 ppm, the exposed person may lose consciousness within a few seconds or even die of “electric shock-like” sudden death.

[0004] In the chemical industrial production environment, the hydrogen sulfide leakage risk mainly comes from the following aspects: one is the desulfurization device and sulfur recovery unit in the sulfur-containing crude oil processing process; two is the drilling, completion and gas production operation in the acid gas field development; three is the by-product generated by the reaction of sodium sulfide (Na2S) and the like and acid wastewater in the sewage treatment process. It is particularly worth noting that in the field of wastewater treatment, when the operating personnel accidentally add excessive sodium sulfide reagent to the acid wastewater, a large amount of hydrogen sulfide gas will be generated, directly threatening the health of the operating personnel. Similarly, in the oil and gas field development, with the decrease of production pressure of gas reservoir and the output of formation water, the liquid accumulation and sulfur deposition in the gathering pipeline are intensified, and the hydrogen sulfide leakage risk is significantly increased.

[0005] The industry standard has strict limitations on the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the operating environment: when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the air exceeds 30 mg / m 3 (about 21 ppm) or the oxygen content is lower than 18%, the isolated respiratory protection equipment must be used. However, the traditional protective equipment such as the positive pressure air respirator has problems such as inconvenience to use and limited gas supply time, and especially in complex rescue scenes, the face mask often falls off or the gas supply pipeline is damaged, highlighting the urgency of developing more reliable and intelligent head protection equipment.

[0006] The most typical one in the traditional protective helmet is the fire helmet matched with the positive pressure air respirator. This kind of product emphasizes structural strength and sealing, is made of high-temperature resistant material, and can resist a certain degree of heat radiation and mechanical impact. However, its protection performance completely depends on the external gas source supply, and once the gas supply system fails (such as pipeline damage, gas cylinder depletion), the protection performance will be immediately lost.

[0007] Therefore, a new protective helmet needs to be developed for hydrogen sulfide to improve the operating safety protection performance. SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device and a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which can respond quickly within 10s, realize the cooperative linkage between various protection units, actively protect, effectively avoid the delay of protection caused by human operation errors, and significantly improve the operation safety protection performance.

[0009] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which comprises a device shell, a four-element sensor array, a dynamic response system, and an integrated protection unit. The four-element sensor array comprises an electrochemical sensor, an NDIR infrared sensor, an environmental temperature and humidity sensor, and a barometric pressure sensor. The dynamic response system can intelligently evaluate and obtain a safety risk evaluation value according to the safety index information transmitted by the four-element sensor array. The integrated protection unit can perform integrated protection according to the safety risk evaluation value.

[0011] The present application adopts a four-element sensor array to combine concentration detection, infrared detection, and environmental temperature and humidity and barometric pressure, comprehensively evaluate the hydrogen sulfide risk in the environment, and through the intelligent evaluation mechanism of the dynamic response system, calculate a safety risk evaluation value, and then perform corresponding integrated protection according to the safety risk evaluation value, which can realize active protection and timely response, and improve safety.

[0012] Preferably, the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device is a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection helmet. Preferably, it is set as a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection helmet, which can realize effective ejection and accurate reminding of an oxygen mask.

[0013] Preferably, the integrated protection unit comprises a first-level protection system, which comprises a vibration motor and goggles provided on the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection helmet.

[0014] Preferably, the goggles are AR goggles, and the AR goggles are internally provided with a warning interface.

[0015] The present application resets a vibration motor in the first-level protection system, which can issue vibration to remind the wearer of danger, and at the same time, sets AR goggles and synchronously displays a warning interface in the AR goggles, so that the wearer can visually and intuitively understand the danger of hydrogen sulfide concentration reaching the limit.

[0016] Preferably, the four-element sensor array is arranged on the inner side of the device shell and arranged in a spatial tetrahedral layout.

[0017] Preferably, the integrated protection unit comprises a second level protection system, which comprises a micro positive pressure oxygen supply device and a dual-mode neutralizer release device.

[0018] Preferably, the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device has a gas storage capacity of ≥ 300 mL @ 20 MPa, which means that it can store more than 300 mL of oxygen at 20 MPa, for example, it can be 300 mL, 320 mL, 330 mL, 340 mL, 350 mL, 360 mL, 370 mL, 380 mL, 400 mL, or 420 mL, etc.

[0019] Preferably, the dual-mode neutralizer release device is used to hold the dual-mode neutralizer.

[0020] Preferably, the dual-mode neutralizer release device comprises a liquid injection component and a solid slow-release unit.

[0021] The present application preferably uses a combination of liquid injection component and solid slow-release unit, wherein the liquid injection component can promptly and rapidly inject liquid phase of neutralizing hydrogen sulfide, thereby rapidly reducing the concentration of surrounding hydrogen sulfide, and the solid slow-release unit can release solid neutralizer that can slowly neutralize hydrogen sulfide, thereby relieving the load burden of liquid neutralizer, achieving long-term supply of neutralizer and rapidly reducing hydrogen sulfide concentration in the initial period to protect personnel safety.

[0022] Preferably, the liquid injection component comprises a piezoelectric ceramic micropump and a nozzle for injecting liquid.

[0023] The present application can achieve the effect of automatic response and automatic injection of liquid neutralizer through the setting of the liquid injection component.

[0024] Preferably, the nozzle is provided with a self-cleaning scraper.

[0025] Preferably, the diameter of the nozzle is 0.25-0.4 mm, for example, it can be 0.25 mm, 0.27 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.34 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.37 mm, 0.39 mm, or 0.4 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in this range are also applicable.

[0026] Preferably, the precision of the piezoelectric ceramic micropump is ± 0.05 mL.

[0027] Preferably, the solid slow-release unit comprises a space loaded with solid neutralizer and a micro stepping motor, which can control the release rate of the solid neutralizer.

[0028] Preferably, the integrated protection unit further comprises a third level protection system, which comprises a face mask pop-up system.

[0029] The face mask pop-up system is arranged, the face mask can be quickly popped up when the safety risk value reaches the threshold K3, an oxygen supply environment is provided for personnel, and the personnel safety guarantee performance is improved.

[0030] Preferably, the third level protection system further comprises a Beidou positioning module. An SOS signal is sent out through the Beidou positioning module, and external rescue is started.

[0031] Preferably, the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device further comprises a Mesh networking module, the Mesh networking module supports at least 8 devices to form a network, and the Mesh networking module can realize group risk thermal map sharing and cooperative escape path planning.

[0032] The Mesh networking module is further arranged, the escape path planning of interconnection and intercommunication can be realized, and the success probability of escape is improved.

[0033] In the second aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which is carried out by using the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device in the first aspect.

[0034] Preferably, the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method comprises:

[0035] S1, the four-element sensor array collects safety index information in the environment in real time.

[0036] S2, according to the safety index information transmitted by the four-element sensor array, intelligent evaluation is carried out, and a safety risk evaluation value is obtained.

[0037] S3, according to the safety risk evaluation value, integrated protection is carried out.

[0038] The defects existing in the prior art are as follows:

[0039] (1) detection delay: the response time of the traditional sensor is greater than 15 seconds (actual measurement data);

[0040] (2) passive protection: 85% of accidents are caused by manual operation delay;

[0041] (3) system isolation: each protection unit lacks a cooperative linkage mechanism.

[0042] The hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method provided by the present application is preferably carried out by using the above method, and the safety protection performance can be significantly improved.

[0043] Preferably, the electrochemical sensor is used for detecting the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment.

[0044] Preferably, the electrochemical sensor has a detection range of 0.1-2000 ppm for the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment, for example, it can be 0.1 ppm, 220 ppm, 440 ppm, 660 ppm, 889 ppm, 1110 ppm, 1330 ppm, 1550 ppm, 1770 ppm or 2000 ppm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in this range are also applicable.

[0045] Preferably, the anti-CH4 interference ratio of the NDIR infrared sensor is >100:1, for example, it can be 100:1, 103:1, 105:1, 107:1, 109:1, 112:1, 114:1, 116:1, 118:1 or 120:1, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in this range are also applicable.

[0046] Preferably, the quaternary sensor array realizes data fusion through a Kalman filtering algorithm, wherein the weight ratio of the electrochemical sensor and the NDIR infrared sensor is dynamically adjusted in the range of 1:0.8-1:1.2, for example, it can be 1:0.8, 1:0.82, 1:0.85, 1:0.88, 1:0.89, 1:0.90, 1:0.92, 1:0.95, 1:0.98, 1:1.0, 1:1.1 or 1:1.2, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in this range are also applicable.

[0047] Preferably, the intelligent evaluation in step S2 includes calculating a safety risk assessment value according to formula (1):

[0048]

[0049] Wherein, a is a time weight coefficient, β is a spatial gradient coefficient, C(t) is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment changing with time. ∫C(t)dt is the accumulation value of the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment within a period of time. is the gradient of the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment in the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis three spatial directions, wherein the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis constitute a three-coordinate spatial system. P(t) is the safety risk assessment value.

[0050] The application preferably calculates the safety risk assessment value by using the above formula, which can more comprehensively consider the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment, and the evaluation result is more accurate.

[0051] Preferably, the time weight coefficient a is in the range of 0.2-0.5, for example, it can be 0.2, 0.24, 0.27, 0.3, 0.34, 0.37, 0.4, 0.44, 0.47 or 0.5, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in this range are also applicable.

[0052] Preferably, the spatial gradient coefficient β ranges from 0.3 to 0.8, for example, it can be 0.3, 0.36, 0.42, 0.47, 0.53, 0.58, 0.64, 0.69, 0.75 or 0.8, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the range are also applicable.

[0053] Preferably, the integrated protection in step S3 is hierarchical protection.

[0054] Preferably, the hierarchical protection includes: when the safety risk assessment value > threshold K1, a first level of protection measures is activated. When the safety risk assessment value > threshold K2, a second level of protection measures is activated. When the safety risk assessment value > threshold K3, a third level of protection measures is activated.

[0055] The present application preferably adopts three levels of protection, which can play the roles of preliminary reminder, intermediate protection to provide escape time, three-level comprehensive protection and SOS, and greatly improve the safety protection guarantee.

[0056] Preferably, the threshold K1 is 8-11 ppm equivalent value, for example, it can be 8 ppm, 9 ppm, 10 ppm or 11 ppm, etc.

[0057] Preferably, the first level of protection measures includes activating a vibration motor and starting a warning interface on the goggles.

[0058] Preferably, the frequency of the vibration motor is 8-12 Hz, for example, it can be 8 Hz, 8.5 Hz, 9 Hz, 9.5 Hz, 10 Hz, 11 Hz or 12 Hz, etc.

[0059] Preferably, the warning interface is a red warning interface.

[0060] Preferably, the threshold K2 is 45-55 ppm equivalent value, for example, it can be 45 ppm, 47 ppm, 48 ppm, 49 ppm, 50 ppm, 51 ppm, 52 ppm, 53 ppm, 54 ppm or 55 ppm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the range are also applicable.

[0061] Preferably, the second level of protection measures includes releasing the double-mode neutralizing agent in the double-mode neutralizing agent release device and starting the oxygen supply program in the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device.

[0062] Preferably, the double-mode neutralizing agent includes NaHCO3 solution and solid Fe2O3.

[0063] Preferably, the solid neutralizing agent is a composite particle of Fe2O3 and activated carbon.

[0064] Preferably, the particle size of the composite particle is 1-3 mm, for example, it can be 1 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.8 mm or 3 mm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in the range are also applicable.

[0065] Preferably, the single spraying amount of the NaHCO3 solution is 0.4-0.6 mL, for example, it can be 0.4 mL, 0.43 mL, 0.45 mL, 0.47 mL, 0.49 mL, 0.52 mL, 0.54 mL, 0.56 mL, 0.58 mL or 0.6 mL, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in the range are also applicable.

[0066] Preferably, the release rate of the solid neutralizing agent is 0.1-0.5 g / min, for example, it can be 0.1 g / min, 0.15 g / min, 0.19 g / min, 0.24 g / min, 0.28 g / min, 0.33 g / min, 0.37 g / min, 0.42 g / min, 0.46 g / min or 0.5 g / min, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in the range are also applicable.

[0067] Preferably, the oxygen supply flow rate in the oxygen supply procedure is 2-5 L / min, for example, it can be 2 L / min, 2.4 L / min, 2.7 L / min, 3 L / min, 3.4 L / min, 3.7 L / min, 4 L / min, 4.4 L / min, 4.7 L / min or 5 L / min, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in the range are also applicable.

[0068] Preferably, the threshold K3 is 90-110 ppm equivalent, for example, it can be 90 ppm, 93 ppm, 95 ppm, 97 ppm, 99 ppm, 102 ppm, 104 ppm, 106 ppm, 108 ppm or 110 ppm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values not listed in the range are also applicable.

[0069] Preferably, the third level of protection measures includes automatic pop-up mask, and the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device supplies oxygen at full flow.

[0070] Preferably, the flow rate of the full-flow oxygen supply of the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device is 9-11 L / min, for example, it can be 9 L / min, 9.3 L / min, 9.5 L / min, 9.7 L / min, 9.9 L / min, 10.2 L / min, 10.4 L / min, 10.6 L / min, 10.8 L / min or 11 L / min, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values in the range are also applicable.

[0071] Preferably, the third level of protection measures further includes activating the Beidou positioning module to send an SOS signal.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0073] (1) The hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device provided by the present application can realize real-time monitoring and active response by setting up a four-element sensor array, a dynamic response system and an integrated protection unit, and the various components are interlocked, thereby improving the protection and security.

[0074] (2) The hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method provided by the present application can realize hierarchical protection, and has the effects of preliminary reminder, intermediate protection, three-level comprehensive protection and SOS for help, and can be widely applied in environments with exposure risk of hydrogen sulfide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application lists the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only to help understand the present application, and should not be regarded as a specific limitation on the present application.

[0076] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "provided", "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application necessarily includes necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general-purpose pump equipment for realizing the complete process, but the above content does not belong to the main inventive points of the present application, those skilled in the art can add layout on their own based on the process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present application does not make special requirements and specific limitations on this.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] The embodiment provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which comprises a device shell, a four-element sensor array, a dynamic response system and an integrated protection unit.

[0080] The four-element sensor array comprises an electrochemical sensor, an NDIR infrared sensor, an environmental temperature and humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor.

[0081] The dynamic response system can intelligently evaluate and obtain a safety risk evaluation value according to safety index information transmitted by the four-element sensor array.

[0082] The integrated protection unit can perform integrated protection according to the safety risk evaluation value.

[0083] The hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device is a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection helmet; the integrated protection unit comprises a first-level protection system, the first-level protection system comprises a vibration motor and goggles arranged on the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection helmet; the goggles are AR goggles, and the AR goggles are internally provided with a warning interface.

[0084] The four-element sensor array is arranged on the inner side of the device shell and is in a spatial tetrahedral layout.

[0085] The integrated protection unit comprises a second-level protection system, the second-level protection system comprises a micro positive pressure oxygen supply device and a double-mode neutralizing agent release device; the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device has a gas storage capacity of greater than or equal to 300 mL at 20 MPa; the double-mode neutralizing agent release device is used for containing double-mode neutralizing agents; the double-mode neutralizing agent release device comprises a liquid injection component and a solid slow-release unit; the liquid injection component comprises a piezoelectric ceramic micro pump and a nozzle used for injecting liquid; a self-cleaning scraper is arranged on the nozzle; the diameter of the nozzle is 0.3 mm; the accuracy of the piezoelectric ceramic micro pump is ±0.05 mL; the solid slow-release unit comprises a space loaded with solid neutralizing agents and a micro stepping motor, and the micro stepping motor can control the release rate of the solid neutralizing agents.

[0086] The integrated protection unit further comprises a third-level protection system, and the third-level protection system comprises a face mask pop-up system; the third-level protection system further comprises a Beidou positioning module.

[0087] The hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device further comprises a Mesh networking module, the Mesh networking module supports at least 8 devices to form a network, and the Mesh networking module can realize group risk thermal map sharing and cooperative escape path planning.

[0088] Embodiment 2

[0089] The embodiment provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1 except that the first level protection system is not arranged.

[0090] Embodiment 3

[0091] The embodiment provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1 except that the solid slow-release unit is not arranged in the dual-mode neutralizer release device.

[0092] Embodiment 4

[0093] The embodiment provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1 except that the liquid injection component is not arranged in the dual-mode neutralizer release device.

[0094] Embodiment 5

[0095] The embodiment provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1 except that the Mesh networking module is not arranged in the dual-mode neutralizer release device.

[0096] Comparative Example 1

[0097] The comparative example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1 except that the NDIR infrared sensor is not arranged, and details are not repeated herein.

[0098] Comparative Example 2

[0099] The comparative example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1 except that the environment temperature and humidity sensor is not arranged, and details are not repeated herein.

[0100] Comparative Example 3

[0101] The comparative example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1 except that the air pressure sensor is not arranged, and details are not repeated herein.

[0102] Application Example 1

[0103] The application example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which is performed by using the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device in the embodiment 1, and the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method comprises the following steps.

[0104] S1, the four-element sensor array monitors and collects safety index information in real time in the environment; wherein the electrochemical sensor is used for detecting the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment, and the detection range is 0.1-2000ppm; the anti-CH4 interference ratio of the NDIR infrared sensor is >100:1; the four-element sensor array realizes data fusion through Kalman filtering algorithm, wherein the weight ratio of the electrochemical sensor to the NDIR infrared sensor is dynamically adjusted in the range of 1:0.8-1:1.2;

[0105] Specifically, when the data collected by the four-element sensor array has noise such as temperature and humidity drift, cross interference, etc., the Kalman filter dynamically weights and fuses the four-way data through the prediction-correction mechanism to output the optimal estimated concentration value C(t), which significantly improves the detection accuracy and response speed. Kalman filter incorporates this multi-dimensional correction into the state equation to realize anti-interference fusion.

[0106] Wherein C(t) and Both depend on the output of Kalman filter: (1) as the input of integral term ∫C(t)dt, representing the optimal estimated concentration at the current time. When the infrared sensor detects a high humidity environment (which can cause distortion of the electrochemical sensor), the algorithm automatically reduces its weight (such as to 1:0.8), ensuring the reliability of C(t).

[0107] The four sets of C(t) values after Kalman filtering are calculated by position difference to obtain three-dimensional concentration gradient:

[0108]

[0109] Wherein, d is the distance between sensors, subscript 12 represents the distance between the first point and the second point, 13 and 14 are similar to 12, C represents the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, C1 represents the concentration of hydrogen sulfide at the first point, C2, C3 and C4 are similar, realizing the spatial differentiation of the gas around the helmet, when The value increases sharply (such as The term accounts for 70% of P(t) weight), indicating the direction of rapid diffusion of hydrogen sulfide, which is earlier than the threshold value of absolute concentration to trigger the response.

[0110] This fusion mechanism shortens the system response delay from the traditional >15s to <10s, and the K1 threshold trigger accuracy is improved to 99.2%.

[0111] S2, according to the safety index information transmitted by the four-element sensor array, intelligent evaluation is carried out and a safety risk evaluation value is obtained;

[0112] Wherein, the intelligent evaluation includes calculating the safety risk evaluation value according to formula (1):

[0113]

[0114] Wherein, a is a time weight coefficient, β is a spatial gradient coefficient, C(t) is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment changing with time; ∫C(t)dt is the accumulation value of hydrogen sulfide concentration in the environment within a period of time; is the gradient of hydrogen sulfide concentration in the environment in three spatial directions of x-axis, y-axis and z-axis, wherein the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis constitute a three-coordinate spatial system; P(t) is the safety risk assessment value; the range of the time weight coefficient a is 0.3; the range of the spatial gradient coefficient β is 0.5;

[0115] S3, according to the safety risk assessment value, integrated protection is carried out.

[0116] Specifically, the integrated protection is hierarchical protection; the hierarchical protection comprises: when the safety risk assessment value > threshold value K1, a first level protection measure is started; when the safety risk assessment value > threshold value K2, a second level protection measure is started; when the safety risk assessment value > threshold value K3, a third level protection measure is started.

[0117] The threshold value K1 is 10 ppm equivalent value; the first level protection measure comprises activating a vibration motor and starting a warning interface on the goggles; the frequency of the vibration motor is 10 Hz; the warning interface is a red warning interface;

[0118] The threshold value K2 is 50 ppm equivalent value; the second level protection measure comprises releasing a double-mode neutralizing agent in a double-mode neutralizing agent release device, and starting an oxygen supply program in a micro positive pressure oxygen supply device; the double-mode neutralizing agent comprises NaHCO3 solution and solid Fe2O3; the solid neutralizing agent is a composite particle of Fe2O3 and activated carbon; the particle size range of the composite particle is 1-3 mm; the single injection amount of the NaHCO3 solution is 0.5 mL; the release rate of the solid neutralizing agent is 0.2 g / min; the oxygen supply flow rate in the oxygen supply program is 3 L / min;

[0119] The threshold value K3 is 100 ppm equivalent value; the third level protection measure comprises automatically popping up a face mask, and full-flow oxygen supply of the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device; the flow rate of the full-flow oxygen supply of the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device is 10 L / min; the third level protection measure further comprises activating a Beidou positioning module to send an SOS signal.

[0120] And in the whole integrated protection process, the risk heat map and the collaborative escape path planning can be shared through the Mesh networking module to improve the success probability of escape.

[0121] Application Example 2

[0122] The application example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which is performed by using the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device in the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps.

[0123] S1, a quaternary sensor array monitors and collects safety index information in the environment in real time; wherein, an electrochemical sensor is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment, and the detection range is 0.1-2000 ppm; the anti-CH4 interference ratio of the NDIR infrared sensor is greater than 100:1; the quaternary sensor array realizes data fusion through a Kalman filtering algorithm, wherein, the weight ratio of the electrochemical sensor and the NDIR infrared sensor is dynamically adjusted in the range of 1:0.8-1:1.2;

[0124] S2, according to the safety index information transmitted by the quaternary sensor array, intelligent evaluation is performed to obtain a safety risk evaluation value;

[0125] wherein, the intelligent evaluation comprises calculating the safety risk evaluation value according to formula (1):

[0126]

[0127] wherein, α is a time weight coefficient, β is a spatial gradient coefficient, C(t) is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment changing with time; ∫C(t)dt is the accumulation value of the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment in a period of time; is the gradient of the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment in three spatial directions of x-axis, y-axis and z-axis, wherein, the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis constitute a three-coordinate spatial system; P(t) is the safety risk evaluation value; the range of the time weight coefficient α is 0.5; the range of the spatial gradient coefficient β is 0.3;

[0128] S3, integrated protection is performed according to the safety risk evaluation value.

[0129] Specifically, the integrated protection is hierarchical protection; the hierarchical protection comprises: when the safety risk evaluation value is greater than a threshold K1, a first-level protection measure is started; when the safety risk evaluation value is greater than a threshold K2, a second-level protection measure is started; when the safety risk evaluation value is greater than a threshold K3, a third-level protection measure is started;

[0130] The threshold K1 is 8 ppm equivalent value; the first-level protection measure comprises: activating a vibration motor and starting a warning interface on the goggles; the frequency of the vibration motor is 12 Hz; the warning interface is a red warning interface;

[0131] The threshold value K2 is 55 ppm equivalent value; the second level protection measure includes releasing the bimodal neutralizer in the bimodal neutralizer releasing device and starting the oxygen supply program in the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device; the bimodal neutralizer includes NaHCO3 solution and solid Fe2O3; the solid neutralizer is a composite particle of Fe2O3 and activated carbon; the particle size of the composite particle ranges from 1 to 3 mm; the single injection amount of the NaHCO3 solution is 0.6 mL; the release rate of the solid neutralizer is 0.4 g / min; and the oxygen supply flow rate in the oxygen supply program is 5 L / min.

[0132] The threshold value K3 is 110 ppm equivalent value; the third level protection measure includes automatically popping up a mask and full flow oxygen supply by the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device; the full flow oxygen supply flow rate of the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device is 11 L / min; and the third level protection measure further includes activating the Beidou positioning module to send an SOS signal.

[0133] In the integrated protection process, the risk heat map and the cooperative escape path planning can be shared through the Mesh networking module to improve the success probability of escape.

[0134] The hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method provided in combination application examples 1 and 2 can not only monitor the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment in real time, but also timely alarm and remind in the case of low concentration, and design three levels of protection measures to provide different levels of protection, and the risk heat map and the cooperative escape path planning can be shared through the Mesh networking module to improve the success probability of escape.

[0135] Application Example 3

[0136] The present application example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which is carried out by using the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device provided in embodiment 2, and only has the second level protection measure and the third level protection measure in the integrated protection process, and the rest are the same as application example 1.

[0137] Since the first protection measure is not designed in the present application example, it is difficult to timely alert the staff when the equivalent concentration of hydrogen sulfide is low, and when the second level protection measure is directly reached, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide is already high, which reduces the reaction and escape time.

[0138] Application Example 4

[0139] The present application example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which is carried out by using the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device provided in embodiment 3, and only sprays the liquid neutralizer in the second level protection measure, without releasing the solid neutralizer, and the rest are the same as application example 1.

[0140] The application example does not release the solid neutralizing agent, which leads to the liquid neutralizing agent being easily consumed when there is a long-term hydrogen sulfide leakage risk, and it is difficult to have neutralizing agent for reducing the hydrogen sulfide concentration around the staff afterwards.

[0141] Application Example 5

[0142] The application example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which is performed by using the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device provided in Embodiment 4, and only the solid neutralizing agent is released in the second-level protection measure, and the liquid neutralizing agent is not sprayed, and the rest are the same as in Application Example 1.

[0143] The application example does not release the liquid neutralizing agent, which leads to the inability to neutralize hydrogen sulfide in time and quickly when there is a hydrogen sulfide leakage risk, and it is difficult to achieve the effect of rapidly reducing the hydrogen sulfide concentration.

[0144] Application Example 6

[0145] The application example provides a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which is performed by using the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device provided in Embodiment 5, and the integrated protection process cannot share the risk thermodynamic map and the cooperative escape path planning, and the rest are the same as in Application Example 1.

[0146] The application example does not set up a Mesh networking module, which easily leads to the situation that the escape path is unclear and is exposed to the hydrogen sulfide environment for a long time.

[0147] Application Comparative Examples 1-4

[0148] Application Comparative Examples 1-4 provide a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method, which is the same as in Application Example 1 except that the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device in Comparative Examples 1-4 is used, and details are not repeated here.

[0149] Application Comparative Examples 1-4 do not set up a four-element sensor array, which leads to a decrease in the monitoring accuracy of the surrounding hydrogen sulfide concentration, and the actual hydrogen sulfide concentration may exceed the threshold value without being detected.

[0150] From the above embodiments and application examples, it can be seen that the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device and the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method provided by the application have excellent protection performance, can realize initial early warning, secondary protection, and the start of tertiary protection and social rescue, and can significantly improve the safety protection guarantee.

[0151] The detailed features of the present application are illustrated by the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned detailed features, i.e. it does not mean that the present application must rely on the above-mentioned detailed features to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any improvement of the present application, equivalent replacement of the selected technical features of the present application, addition of auxiliary technical features, selection of specific modes, etc. fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A smart protection device for hydrogen sulfide, characterized in that, The intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device includes a device housing, a quaternary sensor array, a dynamic response system, and an integrated protection unit. The quaternary sensor array includes an electrochemical sensor, an NDIR infrared sensor, an ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and a barometric pressure sensor. The dynamic response system can perform intelligent assessment and obtain a safety risk assessment value based on the safety indicator information transmitted by the four-element sensor array. The integrated protection unit can provide integrated protection based on the security risk assessment value.

2. The intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device is a hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection helmet; Preferably, the integrated protection unit includes a first-level protection system, which includes a vibration motor and goggles mounted on the hydrogen sulfide smart protective helmet; Preferably, the goggles are AR goggles, and the AR goggles have a built-in warning interface.

3. The intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The quaternary sensor array is located inside the housing of the device and is arranged in a spatial tetrahedral layout.

4. The intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The integrated protection unit includes a second-level protection system, which includes a miniature positive pressure oxygen supply device and a dual-mode neutralizer release device. Preferably, the gas storage capacity of the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device is ≥300mL@20MPa; Preferably, the dual-mode neutralizer release device is used to hold the dual-mode neutralizer; Preferably, the dual-mode neutralizer release device includes a liquid injection component and a solid slow-release unit; Preferably, the liquid jetting component includes a piezoelectric ceramic micropump and a nozzle for jetting liquid; Preferably, the nozzle is provided with a self-cleaning scraper; Preferably, the diameter of the nozzle is 0.25–0.4 mm; Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic micropump has an accuracy of ±0.05 mL; Preferably, the solid-state sustained-release unit includes a space containing a solid neutralizing agent and a micro stepper motor, which is capable of controlling the release rate of the solid neutralizing agent.

5. The intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The integrated protection unit also includes a third-level protection system, which includes a mask ejection system; Preferably, the third-level protection system further includes a BeiDou positioning module.

6. The intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The intelligent hydrogen sulfide protection device also includes a Mesh networking module, which supports self-organizing a network of at least 8 devices and enables the sharing of group risk heat maps and collaborative escape route planning.

7. A smart protection method for hydrogen sulfide, characterized in that, The hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection method is carried out using the hydrogen sulfide intelligent protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The intelligent protection method for hydrogen sulfide according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent protection method for hydrogen sulfide includes: S1. A quadri-element sensor array monitors and collects safety indicator information in the environment in real time. S2. Based on the safety indicator information transmitted by the four-element sensor array, perform intelligent evaluation and obtain a safety risk assessment value; S3. Implement integrated protection based on the aforementioned security risk assessment values.

9. The intelligent protection method for hydrogen sulfide according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electrochemical sensor is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the environment; Preferably, the electrochemical sensor has a detection range of 0.1 to 2000 ppm for hydrogen sulfide concentration in the environment; Preferably, the NDIR infrared sensor has a CH4 interference resistance ratio > 100:1; Preferably, the quaternary sensor array achieves data fusion through a Kalman filter algorithm, wherein the weight ratio of the electrochemical sensor and the NDIR infrared sensor is dynamically adjusted within a range of 1:0.8 to 1:1.

2. Preferably, the intelligent assessment in step S2 includes calculating the security risk assessment value according to formula (1): Where α is the time weighting coefficient, β is the spatial gradient coefficient, C(t) is the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the environment that changes over time, and ∫C(t)dt is the cumulative value of the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the environment over a period of time. P(t) represents the gradient of hydrogen sulfide concentration in the environment along the three spatial directions of x, y, and z, where x, y, and z form a three-axis spatial system; P(t) is the safety risk assessment value. Preferably, the time weighting coefficient α ranges from 0.2 to 0.5; Preferably, the spatial gradient coefficient β is in the range of 0.3 to 0.

8.

10. The intelligent protection method for hydrogen sulfide according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The integrated protection described in step S3 is graded protection; Preferably, the graded protection includes: activating the first-level protection measure when the security risk assessment value > threshold K1; activating the second-level protection measure when the security risk assessment value > threshold K2; and activating the third-level protection measure when the security risk assessment value > threshold K3. Preferably, the threshold K1 is an equivalent value of 8 to 11 ppm; Preferably, the first level of protection includes: activating the vibration motor and starting the warning interface on the goggles; Preferably, the frequency of the vibration motor is 8–12 Hz; Preferably, the warning interface is a red warning interface; Preferably, the threshold K2 is an equivalent value of 45 to 55 ppm; Preferably, the second-level protective measures include releasing the dual-mode neutralizer in the dual-mode neutralizer release device and activating the oxygen supply program in the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device; Preferably, the dual-mode neutralizing agent comprises NaHCO3 solution and solid Fe2O3; Preferably, the solid neutralizing agent is a composite particle of Fe2O3 and activated carbon; Preferably, the particle size of the composite particles is 1-3 mm; Preferably, the amount of NaHCO3 solution sprayed in a single injection is 0.4 to 0.6 mL; Preferably, the release rate of the solid neutralizing agent is 0.1–0.5 g / min; Preferably, the oxygen supply flow rate in the oxygen supply program is 2-5 L / min; Preferably, the threshold K3 is an equivalent value of 90 to 110 ppm; Preferably, the third level of protection includes an automatically pop-out face mask and a full-flow oxygen supply from a miniature positive pressure oxygen supply device; Preferably, the flow rate of the micro positive pressure oxygen supply device for full-flow oxygen supply is 9-11 L / min; Preferably, the third level of protection also includes activating the BeiDou positioning module to send an SOS signal.

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