Heating type toilet seat ring based on nano-silver wire

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of toilets, and discloses a heating type toilet seat ring based on a nano-silver wire. The heating type toilet seat ring based on the nano-silver wire comprises a seat ring body and a heating element, the insulating protective layer is positioned on the upper surface of the seat ring body; the conductive heating layer is positioned between the seat ring body and the insulating protective layer; wherein the conductive heating layer is prepared from silver nanowire slurry. According to the heating type toilet seat ring, the silver nanowire is adopted as the heating layer, the heating type toilet seat ring has the advantages of being efficient in electric conduction, rapid in temperature rise and uniform in heat conduction, the temperature within 5 s can reach 30 DEG C or above, meanwhile, the heating type toilet seat ring has flexibility and antibacterial property, and the use comfort and the sanitary level are remarkably improved; through the design of a multi-layer composite structure, the overall thickness and the manufacturing process of the seat ring are simplified; the heating type toilet seat has a certain heating upper limit, can effectively avoid high-temperature scalding and flammable safety risks, is high in safety, and can better meet the requirements of consumers for high-quality products.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of toilet bowls, in particular to a heating type toilet bowl seat based on a nano-silver wire. BACKGROUND

[0002] A toilet bowl is one of the necessary household facilities in daily life, which is generally made of plastic. However, the surface temperature of the plastic is low in winter, and the user will feel cold and uncomfortable when directly sitting on the seat. In order to improve the comfort, a toilet seat with heating function appears on the market. The manufacturing methods of the toilet seat with heating function are various, but they are mainly concentrated on adding an electric heating functional component under the toilet seat. However, because the toilet seat is relatively thick, it takes a long time to conduct the temperature to the upper surface of the toilet seat, and the heating of the toilet seat cannot be completed immediately. Moreover, this heating form is generally electric coil heating, which has safety hazards. In addition, a soft and warm cushion is also installed on the toilet seat, but the cushion itself does not heat, so the heating effect is limited. The continuous heating mode without power supply will greatly increase the energy consumption.

[0003] At present, the electric heating wire commonly used in the toilet seat on the market includes iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire and nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire. The strength of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire is low in a high-temperature environment, and it is easy to deform with the increase of temperature, and it is not easy to repair after deformation. The strength of the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire is high in a high-temperature environment, and it is not easy to deform and change structure during long-term high-temperature operation. Moreover, the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire has good plasticity at room temperature, and the repair after deformation is relatively simple. However, the operating temperature of the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire cannot reach the level of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire, and the price of nickel metal is higher than that of iron, chromium and aluminum. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire is high, which is not conducive to cost control.

[0004] CN 108272377 A discloses a safe and energy-saving intelligent toilet with a fast heating seat ring. The toilet seat ring is heated by using hot water, which is safe and reliable, overcomes the low safety of electric heating, and the specific heat of water is large and the heat dissipation is slow. A instant water heater is provided to cooperate with the flushing nozzle to flush the hips, realize hot water recycling, save paper, reduce resource waste, improve the user's flushing experience, but the toilet pad ring is uniformly provided with a heat-conducting water pipe, and a heating water tank is needed to heat the toilet, the equipment structure is complex, the water flow is poor, the heat preservation effect is low and easy to damage, resulting in poor user experience. CN 211658041 U provides a toilet heating seat ring, and the heating body of the heating assembly is one or more carbon nanotube fiber heating beams that can be powered to heat. The carbon nanotube fiber heating beam needs to be pulled out from a carbon nanotube array to form a film, twisted and spun into a carbon nanotube fiber, and then several carbon nanotube fibers are combined into a carbon nanotube fiber heating beam. The preparation process is complicated and the material cost is high. CN 215687388 U provides a heating type toilet pad, which uses superconducting alloy as a heating body, has fast heating speed, better user experience, lower energy consumption, and only needs to be attached to the toilet seat in winter without replacing the overall structure of the toilet seat. However, the superconducting alloy itself cannot regulate the temperature, and an additional control unit is needed to control the on-off of the seat heating and adjust the temperature. In addition, superconducting alloy is a rare metal material, and its price is relatively high, and its price varies with its type and purity.

[0005] Therefore, the heating type toilet seat on the market cannot meet the needs of consumers for high-quality, high-performance, high-safety and low-cost products. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to at least solve one of the above technical problems in the prior art. To this end, one of the objects of the present application is to provide a heating type toilet seat based on nanosilver wires.

[0007] The second object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the heating type toilet seat based on nanosilver wires.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objects, the technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0009] The first aspect of the present application provides a heating type toilet seat based on nanosilver wires, comprising:

[0010] a seat body, an insulating protective layer on the upper surface of the seat body, and a conductive heating layer between the seat body and the insulating protective layer; wherein the conductive heating layer is prepared from nanosilver wire slurry.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the insulating protective film layer and the conductive heating layer are adapted to the shape profile of the raceway body.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the nano-silver wire slurry includes the following components by mass fraction:

[0013]

[0014] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the nano-silver wire slurry includes the following components by mass fraction:

[0015]

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the aspect ratio of the nano-silver wire is greater than 100.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the nano-silver wire is 10-300 nm; and the length is 10-500 μm.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the nano-silver wire is 50-150 nm; and the length is 10-100 μm.

[0019] Specifically, the nano-silver wire is a silver wire-like material with a diameter in the nanometer level, which has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and flexibility. In addition to the excellent electrical conductivity of silver itself, due to the size effect in the nanometer level, the nano-silver wire also has excellent light transmittance and bending resistance. In addition, due to the large aspect ratio effect of the silver nano-wire, it also has application potential in conductive glue, thermal conductive glue and the like. The silver nano-wire in the present application is a one-dimensional structure with a maximum transverse limit of 100 nm and no longitudinal limit, and an aspect ratio greater than 100, which has the advantages of high specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, bendability, biocompatibility and high transparency, etc. In the present application, the silver nano-wire with a diameter of 10-300 nm and a length of 10-500 μm is preferably used.

[0020] Specifically, the nanosilver wire in the present application is prepared by chemical reduction method, including but not limited to polyol method, seed method, hydrothermal method, template method and wet chemical method. ① The polyol method is to use AgNO3 as silver source, halogen as nucleating agent, polyhydric alcohol as solvent and reducing agent, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as stabilizer and morphology control agent, to synthesize nanosilver wire by adjusting the reaction conditions under high temperature condition, the reducing agent usually uses benzoin derivative group, the average diameter of the obtained nanosilver wire is 13 nm, and the length-diameter ratio reaches 3000; ② The seed method is to introduce seed in the polyol method to limit the growth of silver crystal nucleus size, the reducing agent usually uses ethylene glycol, the average diameter of the obtained nanosilver wire is 50 nm, the length is 10 μm, and the by-product is less, without purification; ③ The hydrothermal method is to synthesize nanosilver wire by using water as solvent under certain temperature and pressure, the reducing agent usually uses glucose, the average diameter of the obtained nanosilver wire is 45-65 nm, the length is 200-500 μm, and the dispersion is good; ④ The template method is to gather Ag atoms generated by reduction in the reaction process on the template by adding external template, usually using DNA as template, by electrochemical reduction, the average diameter of the obtained nanosilver wire is 50 nm; ⑤ The wet chemical method is to use inorganic ions or organic matter as stabilizer or inducer, the reducing agent also exists in the liquid reaction system, usually using silver acetate as precursor, without nitro reaction, green and environmental protection, the average diameter of the obtained nanosilver wire is 23 nm, the light transmittance is 95%, and the haze is 0.43%.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the adhesive comprises a synthetic resin.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the adhesive comprises at least one of a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, a polyvinyl alcohol, and a cellulose derivative.

[0023] Specifically, the adhesive is a film-forming material of the nano-silver wire slurry, the nano-silver wire is dispersed in the adhesive, before printing, the nano-silver wire slurry is made into printing material with certain viscosity by the adhesive dissolved by the solvent, after printing, the particles of the nano-silver wire slurry are stably combined with each other and with the substrate through the solidification process. The adhesive of the application preferably uses synthetic resin, which can be divided into two categories: thermosetting resin and thermoplastic resin. The thermosetting resin is characterized by being cured into a shape at a certain temperature and not softening even if heated again, and not easily dissolved in the solvent. The thermoplastic resin is characterized by being soft after being heated due to the relatively low intermolecular attraction, and returning to normal after cooling. The thermoplastic resin exhibits flexibility due to the relatively easy movement between the chains. The adhesive resin is generally an insulator, and the selection of the adhesive resin for the nano-silver wire slurry needs to consider many factors, such as the viscosity, cohesiveness, adhesion, thermal properties, etc. of different adhesives. In actual use, the substrate, solidification conditions, and physical and chemical properties of the film-forming material for the nano-silver wire slurry also need to be considered.

[0024] In some embodiments of the application, the solvent includes at least one of isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, toluene, xylene, water, terpineol, butyl carbitol, butyl lactate, diethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, isophorone.

[0025] Specifically, the selection of the solvent is crucial to the dispersibility and stability of the nano-silver wire. The solvent mainly plays the following roles: ① dissolving the adhesive to make the nano-silver wire fully dispersed in the adhesive; ② adjusting the viscosity and stability of the nano-silver wire slurry; ③ determining the drying speed; and ④ improving the surface state of the substrate to make the slurry have good adhesion to the substrate. The solubility and polarity of the solvent in the nano-silver wire slurry are important parameters for selecting the solvent, because the solvent has a great influence on the printing suitability and the combination and solidification of the substrate. In addition, the boiling point, the saturated vapor pressure, and the toxicity to the human body of the solvent are also factors that should be considered. The boiling point and the saturated vapor pressure of the solvent are of great importance to the stability of the printing material and the durability of the operation, and have a decisive influence on the temperature and rate of the heating solidification.

[0026] In some embodiments of the application, the auxiliary agent includes at least one of a dispersant, a leveling agent, a defoaming agent, a thickening agent, a stabilizer, a coupling agent, a wetting agent, a conductive enhancer, and a preservative.

[0027] In some embodiments of the application, the dispersant includes a polymeric dispersant and a surfactant.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments of the application, the polymeric dispersant includes polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).

[0029] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

[0030] Specifically, the addition of a dispersant can improve dispersibility and prevent silver particle agglomeration.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the leveling agent comprises a silicone leveling agent, an acrylic leveling agent.

[0032] Specifically, the addition of a leveling agent can improve the flatness of the coating and reduce surface defects.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the defoaming agent comprises a silicone defoaming agent, a mineral oil defoaming agent.

[0034] Specifically, the addition of a defoaming agent can eliminate bubbles generated during preparation, improve the flatness of the coating, and reduce surface defects.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickening agent comprises a cellulose derivative, a polyurethane thickening agent.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the cellulose derivative comprises hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC).

[0037] Specifically, the addition of a thickening agent can adjust the viscosity of the nanosilver wire slurry and improve workability.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the stabilizer comprises an oxidizing agent, a UV stabilizer.

[0039] Specifically, the addition of a stabilizer can improve the storage stability of the nanosilver wire slurry and prevent settling and delamination.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the coupling agent comprises a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent.

[0041] Specifically, the addition of a coupling agent can improve the adhesion of the nanosilver wire slurry to the substrate.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the wetting agent comprises a non-ionic surfactant, a fluorocarbon wetting agent.

[0043] Specifically, the addition of a wetting agent can improve the wettability of the nanosilver wire slurry to the substrate and improve coating uniformity.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the conductive reinforcing agent comprises graphene, carbon nanotubes.

[0045] Specifically, the addition of a conductive reinforcing agent can improve the electrical conductivity of the nanosilver wire slurry.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the preservative comprises isothiazolinone preservative, benzisothiazolinone.

[0047] Specifically, the addition of the preservative can prevent microbial contamination of the nanosilver wire slurry during storage and use.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the nanosilver wire slurry comprises commercial nanosilver wire slurry or self-made nanosilver wire slurry.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the self-made nanosilver wire slurry is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0050] The binder, solvent and adjuvant are first mixed to obtain an organic carrier, and then the nanosilver wire is added to obtain the nanosilver wire slurry.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the mixing of the binder, solvent and adjuvant is assisted by ultrasonic treatment or mechanical stirring.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the insulating protective layer is selected from an insulating polymer film or a paint layer; the insulating polymer film comprises at least one of polyethylene terephthalate film, polycarbonate film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyimide film, polyolefin film; the paint layer comprises at least one of varnish layer, varnish layer, acrylic paint layer, polyurethane paint layer, epoxy resin paint layer.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the insulating polymer film is selected from a film material or a sheet material.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the softening temperature of the insulating polymer film is greater than 60℃.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the insulating protective layer is 0.05-0.5mm; the thickness of the conductive heating layer is 0.05-1.0μm.

[0056] Specifically, the present application defines the thickness of the insulating protective layer and the conductive heating layer; the thickness of the conductive heating layer is too thin, which will affect the conductivity and heat conduction effect of the product; the thickness of the conductive heating layer is too thick, which will affect the uniformity of heat conduction and the comfort of the seat ring, and also increase the energy consumption and cost; the thickness of the insulating protective layer is too thick, which will affect the heat transfer effect of the product, thereby affecting the user's body temperature experience; the thickness of the insulating protective layer is too thin, which will affect the user's sitting comfort.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the distribution shape of the conductive heating layer comprises wave shape, ring shape, diagonal cross grid shape, horizontal and vertical cross chessboard shape.

[0058] Specifically, the present application does not make strict restrictions on the distribution shape of the conductive heating layer, and other shapes that can make the seat ring obtain uniform and efficient heating effect are also available in addition to the above distribution shape.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the seat ring body and the conductive heating layer in the heating type toilet seat ring based on nanosilver wire can further comprise an insulating protective layer.

[0060] Specifically, the present application further provides an insulating protective layer between the seat ring body and the conductive heating layer, which can form a multi-layer structure of seat ring body-inner insulating protective layer-conductive heating layer-outer insulating protective layer. The outer insulating protective layer can prevent users from being electrocuted by contacting the conductive layer, and the inner insulating protective layer can isolate the conductive heating layer from the seat ring body to avoid the risk of electric leakage, thereby improving the safety performance of the product. In addition, the inner insulating protective layer can help to uniformly disperse the heat of the conductive heating layer, avoiding local overheating of the seat ring body, and the outer insulating protective layer can further buffer the heat, making the surface temperature of the seat ring more uniform and improving the comfort.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the surface of the insulating protective layer can further comprise a self-cleaning layer; the material of the self-cleaning layer comprises TPX release film.

[0062] Specifically, the present application further provides a self-cleaning layer on the surface of the insulating protective layer, which can form a multi-layer structure of seat ring body-conductive heating layer-insulating protective layer-self-cleaning layer. The self-cleaning layer material represented by TPX release film has the characteristics of transparency and heat resistance, which can play a self-cleaning role on the surface of the seat ring and improve the hygiene and safety of the product.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the seat ring body is provided with a terminal, an electrode wire, a sensing device and a sensing wire; the terminal is combined with the electrode wire and the sensing wire and is used for connecting a power supply group, the electrode wire is connected with the conductive heating layer, and the sensing wire is connected with the sensing device.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the sensing device is selected from temperature sensing devices or mechanical travel devices.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the rear end of the seat ring body is provided with a mounting interface; the mounting interface connects the heating type toilet seat ring based on nanosilver wire with the toilet.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, the terminal is combined with the electrode wire, the sensing wire and other possible circuit groups and is used for connecting the power supply group; the circuit groups are combined on a suitable carrier to form the terminal, and the suitable carrier includes a plastic material carrier.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, the electrode wires include positive electrode wires and negative electrode wires; the positive electrode wires and negative electrode wires are connected with the power supply set and the conductive heating layer respectively, forming a heating path.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the electrode wires includes stainless steel wires, copper wires, silver wires, aluminum wires, nickel wires, tungsten wires, molybdenum wires, titanium wires, and alloy wires or combination wires of the aforementioned metals.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, the alloy wires include titanium-tungsten alloy wires, copper-aluminum alloy wires, copper-tungsten alloy wires, silver-tungsten alloy wires.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, the combination wires include steel core aluminum electrode wires.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the electrode wires further includes carbon materials, metal oxides, polymers.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the carbon materials include graphite, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the metal oxides include iridium oxide, tin oxide.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, the polymers include polyaniline, polypyrrole.

[0075] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the electrode wires are selected from at least one of copper wires, silver wires, and nickel wires.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the distribution mode and wiring form of the electrode wires are not specifically limited, as long as a reasonable path is formed to ensure that the conductive heating layer can be uniformly and well heated.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, the temperature sensing device includes a sensor that can sense temperature and convert it into an available output signal; according to the measurement mode, it can be divided into two categories: contact type and non-contact type; according to the sensor material and electronic element characteristics, it can be divided into two categories: thermal resistance and thermocouple, including but not limited to the temperature sensors commonly used in the field of toilet seats.

[0078] Specifically, in the present application, by installing the temperature sensing device, the temperature of the seat ring can be precisely controlled, and the temperature of the seat ring can be monitored in real time, and the data can be fed back to the toilet control system, and the system adjusts the power of the heating element according to the data, so that the seat ring can be kept at an appropriate temperature, and a comfortable use experience can be provided; meanwhile, the temperature sensing device can also ensure that the temperature of each part of the seat ring is balanced, and the situation of local overheating or overcooling can be avoided; when the internal heating element device of the toilet fails and the temperature abnormally rises, the temperature sensing device can also quickly detect and transmit the signal to the control system, and the control system can automatically cut off the power supply, so that a fire or other safety accidents can be avoided.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, the mechanical stroke device includes but is not limited to a pressure sensor and a vibration sensor commonly used in the field of toilet seats.

[0080] Specifically, the mechanical stroke device uses the collision of the mechanical movement component to make the contact of the component act to realize the on or off control circuit, so as to achieve a certain control purpose.

[0081] The second aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of the heating type toilet seat ring based on the nano-silver wire of the second aspect of the present application, and the preparation method is selected from any one of the following methods:

[0082] Method 1, taking the nano-silver wire slurry, compounding on the surface of the seat ring body to form a conductive heating layer, and then compounding a paint layer on the surface of the conductive heating layer to obtain the heating type toilet seat ring;

[0083] Method 2, taking the nano-silver wire slurry, compounding on the surface of the insulating polymer film to form a conductive heating layer, and then compounding with the seat ring body to obtain the heating type toilet seat ring.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, in the method 1, the compounding mode of the nano-silver wire slurry and the seat ring body is selected from coating, spraying or printing; and the compounding mode of the paint layer is selected from spraying paint or baking paint.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, in the method 2, the compounding mode of the nano-silver wire slurry and the insulating polymer film is selected from coating, spraying or printing; and the compounding mode with the seat ring body is selected from adhesion, hot molding or in-mold injection.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, the coating includes uniformly coating the nano-silver wire slurry on the surface of the seat ring body or the surface of the insulating polymer film through a coating machine to form a required pattern.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the coating mode includes brush coating and roll coating.

[0088] Specifically, the selection of the coating method needs to consider the thickness, uniformity, precision requirements and production efficiency of the coating, the curing method and time depend on the type and requirements of the coating, the coating process has low cost and good uniformity, and those skilled in the art can adjust and select the process according to actual production requirements.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present application, the spraying includes using a spray gun or a disc atomizer to disperse the nano-silver wire slurry into uniform and fine droplets by means of pressure or centrifugal force, and apply to the surface of the raceway body or the surface of the insulating polymer film.

[0090] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the spraying method includes air spraying, airless spraying, electrostatic spraying. Those skilled in the art can adjust and select the process according to actual production requirements.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, the printing includes printing the nano-silver wire slurry on the surface of the raceway body or the surface of the insulating polymer film, and then drying.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present application, the printing method includes letterpress printing, flatbed printing, gravure printing, screen printing, inkjet printing, and transfer printing process.

[0093] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the printing method includes screen printing, inkjet printing and transfer printing process.

[0094] Specifically, the screen printing process consists of five elements, namely screen plate, squeegee, nano-silver wire slurry, printing table and printing material. The basic principle of printing is that the text part of the screen plate can pass through the nano-silver wire slurry, and the non-text part of the screen plate cannot pass through the nano-silver wire slurry. During printing, the nano-silver wire slurry is poured into one end of the screen plate, and the squeegee applies a certain pressure to the nano-silver wire slurry on the screen plate, while moving at a constant speed towards the other end of the screen plate. The nano-silver wire slurry is squeezed out of the text part of the screen plate by the squeegee and onto the printing material. The inkjet printing process is a process of spraying nano-silver wire slurry onto the printing material through a fine nozzle at a certain speed to form the desired shape. This process cooperates with the inkjet printer to control the computer system, convert the pattern information into digital signals, and then spray the nano-silver wire slurry onto the insulating polymer film layer or the surface of the raceway body. Those skilled in the art can adjust and select the process according to actual production requirements. The transfer printing process is a printing technology that transfers the pattern on the intermediate carrier to the printing material by applying appropriate pressure. Specifically, it can be divided into water transfer printing, air transfer printing, screen transfer printing and thermal transfer printing. Those skilled in the art can adjust and select according to actual requirements.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present application, the paint spraying process refers to a method of applying paint to the surface of the coated object by dispersing the paint into uniform and fine mist droplets through the air pressure of a spray gun or a disc atomizer. The spraying process can be adjusted and selected according to the actual production needs by those skilled in the art.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, the paint baking process refers to spraying several layers of paint on the substrate polished to a certain roughness and baking at high temperature to set the shape.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, the adhesion includes brushing adhesive on the surface of the raceway body to bond the insulating polymer film and the raceway body.

[0098] In some embodiments of the present application, the adhesive includes silicone glue, epoxy glue, polyurethane glue, acrylic glue, acrylate glue, polypropylene glue, and chlorinated polypropylene glue.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present application, the hot die molding includes placing the raceway body plastic particles in a mold, and then heating and pressing them into the desired shape and composite with the insulating polymer film. Adhesives can be added to assist in the molding process.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present application, the in-mold injection molding includes color material surface treatment technology (CMF), thermoplastic molding process technology (NMF), in-mold decoration process technology (IMD), and out-mold decoration process technology (MOD).

[0101] In some embodiments of the present application, the color material surface treatment technology includes vacuum electroplating process, electroplating process, electrolytic polishing process, anodic oxidation process, and spraying process.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermoplastic molding process technology includes hot press molding process and suction molding process.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present application, the in-mold decoration process technology includes in-mold transfer technology (IMR), in-mold insert technology (IML), in-mold hot press technology (IMF), and flexible printed circuit technology (IME).

[0104] In some embodiments of the present application, the out-mold decoration process technology includes out-mold transfer technology (OMR) and out-mold decoration technology (OMF).

[0105] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0106] The heating type toilet seat ring based on the nano silver wire provided by the application adopts nano silver wire as a heating layer, has the characteristics of efficient conduction, rapid heating and uniform heat conduction, and the temperature can be raised to above 30 DEG C within 5s; the nano silver wire has strong flexibility and can adapt to the complex shape of the toilet gasket, ensures uniform heating and is not easy to break during processing, simplifies the overall thickness of the seat ring and the manufacturing process; silver itself has antibacterial properties, nano silver wire can effectively inhibit bacterial growth and improve hygiene, especially suitable for bathroom environments with antibacterial needs; nano silver wire is corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant, has a long service life, and reduces maintenance and replacement frequency; nano silver wire can also be recycled, meets environmental protection requirements, and further reduces use cost; the heating type toilet seat ring overcomes the problems of slow induction, slow heating, slow heat conduction and long preheating time of traditional resistance wire heating, avoids the need for consumers to wait for a long time to feel the temperature when defecating, and solves the problem of large energy consumption caused by continuously heating the heating module in a continuous power supply mode; and the heating type toilet seat ring has a certain upper limit of heating, can effectively avoid high-temperature scalding and flammable safety risks, has high safety, and can better meet the needs of consumers for high-quality products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0107] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical structure of the heating type toilet seat ring based on the nano silver wire in the application;

[0108] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of one structure distribution of the heating type toilet seat ring based on the nano silver wire in the application;

[0109] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution shape of the conductive heating layer in the heating type toilet seat ring based on the nano silver wire in the application;

[0110] Figure 4 Figure 4 is a thermal imaging diagram of the heating type toilet seat ring based on the nano silver wire in Example 2 under different heating time;

[0111] Figure 5 Figure 5 is a thermal imaging temperature comparison curve diagram of the heating type toilet seat ring in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 under different heating time;

[0112] In the figure: 1-seating body, 2-conductive heating layer, 3-insulating protective layer, 4-terminal, 5-electrode wire, 6-sensing device, 7-sensing wire, 8-assembly interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0113] The content of the present application is further illustrated in detail by specific examples. The raw materials, reagents or devices used in the examples and comparative examples are commercially available or can be obtained by prior art methods unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, the test or test method is a conventional method in the art.

[0114] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the hierarchical structure of the heating toilet seat ring based on the nano-silver wire in the present application, Figure 1 In the figure, in order to better show the hierarchical structure of the seat ring body 1, the conductive heating layer 2 and the insulating protective layer 3, the structure is disassembled in the longitudinal direction. In the actual product, the three are closely attached together, and the conductive heating layer 2 and the insulating protective layer 3 are sequentially compounded on the upper surface of the seat ring body 1, and the conductive heating layer 2 is composed of nano-silver wires.

[0115] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure distribution of the heating toilet seat ring based on the nano-silver wire in the present application, Figure 2 In the figure, in order to better show the distribution of each component on the seat ring, a partial perspective view is used, Figure 2 It can be seen that the electrode wire 5, the conductive heating layer 2 and the insulating protective layer 3 are sequentially located on the upper surface of the seat ring body 1, the terminal 4, the inductive device 6 and the inductive wire 7 are located inside the seat ring body 1, and the terminal 4 is preferably installed inside the assembly interface 8, and the assembly interface 8 is located at the rear end of the seat ring body 1.

[0116] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the distribution shape of the conductive heating layer in the heating toilet seat ring based on the nano-silver wire in the present application, Figure 3 In the figure, A, B, C and D respectively represent that the conductive heating layer composed of nano-silver wires respectively presents a wave shape (S type), a ring shape (multiple ring shapes), a diagonal cross grid shape and a horizontal and vertical cross chessboard shape. In the diagonal cross grid shape and the horizontal and vertical cross chessboard shape, there can be discontinuous points or discontinuous areas between the conductive silver wires formed by the nano-silver wire slurry, as long as the seat ring as a whole has uniform heating. In addition, the present application does not strictly limit the distribution shape of the conductive heating layer. In addition to the above distribution shapes, other shapes that can make the seat ring obtain uniform and efficient heating effect are also available.

[0117] The formula of the nano-silver wire slurry used in the following examples is as follows. The "parts" in the formula all refer to "mass parts":

[0118] Formula I: 85 parts of nano-silver wire, 10 parts of epoxy resin adhesive, 4 parts of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.5 part of silicone leveling agent;

[0119] The nanometer silver wire is purchased from Beijing Zhongke Keyou Technology Co., Ltd., model ZKKY-Ags-120-L-3, average diameter 120 nm, length 80 μm.

[0120] Formula II: 70 parts of nanometer silver wire, 25 parts of acrylic resin adhesive, 4 parts of water, 0.5 part of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.5 part of isothiazolinone preservative;

[0121] The nanometer silver wire is purchased from Beijing Zhongke Keyou Technology Co., Ltd., model ZKKY-Ags-120-L-3, average diameter 120 nm, length 80 μm.

[0122] Formula III: 80 parts of nanometer silver wire, 15 parts of polyurethane resin adhesive, 4 parts of ethyl acetate, 0.5 part of silicone defoaming agent, 0.5 part of Tween-20;

[0123] The nanometer silver wire is purchased from Beijing Zhongke Keyou Technology Co., Ltd., model ZKKY-Ags-120-L-3, average diameter 120 nm, length 80 μm.

[0124] The nanometer silver wire slurry in Formula I-Formula III is prepared by referring to the following steps:

[0125] 1) Dissolve the resin as an adhesive in a solvent, add an additive, and stir uniformly to obtain an organic carrier;

[0126] 2) Add the nanometer silver wire to the above organic carrier, continuously stir until uniform, and obtain the nanometer silver wire slurry.

[0127] The common silver paste used in the comparative example has the following formula, and the "parts" in the formula refer to "mass parts":

[0128] 85 parts of silver powder, 10 parts of epoxy resin adhesive, 4 parts of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 0.5 part of silicone leveling agent.

[0129] The common silver paste is prepared by referring to the following steps:

[0130] 1) Dissolve the resin as an adhesive in a solvent, add an additive, and stir uniformly to obtain an organic carrier,

[0131] 2) Add the silver powder to the above organic carrier, continuously stir until uniform, and use a three-roll mill to grind to ensure uniform dispersion of the silver powder, and filter to obtain the common silver paste.

[0132] Example 1

[0133] The embodiment provides a heating type toilet seat ring based on a nanometer silver wire, specifically:

[0134] The nano-silver wire slurry of Formula I was coated onto an insulating polymer film, exhibiting a linear wavy (S-shaped) distribution. Figure 3 A) A conductive heating layer is formed. An insulating polymer film with a conductive heating layer is bonded to the seat body through an in-mold injection molding process. Then, terminals, electrode wires, sensing devices, and sensing wires are set inside the seat body. After the wiring is completed, a heated toilet seat based on nano-silver wires is obtained.

[0135] The conductive heating layer has a thickness of approximately 1.0 μm; the insulating polymer film is a polyethylene terephthalate film with a softening temperature greater than 60°C and a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm; and the electrode wire is a copper wire.

[0136] Example 2

[0137] This embodiment provides a heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires, specifically:

[0138] The nano-silver wire slurry of Formula I was laminated onto an insulating polymer film using an inkjet printing process, resulting in an obliquely cross-grid distribution. Figure 3 C) A conductive heating layer is formed. An insulating polymer film with a conductive heating layer is bonded to the seat body through an in-mold injection molding process. Terminals, electrode wires, sensing devices, and sensing wires are then set inside the seat body. After the wiring is completed, a heated toilet seat based on nano-silver wires is obtained.

[0139] The conductive heating layer has a thickness of approximately 0.5 μm; the insulating polymer film is a polymethyl methacrylate film with a softening temperature greater than 60°C and a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm; and the electrode wire is a copper wire.

[0140] Example 3

[0141] This embodiment provides a heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires, specifically:

[0142] Formula II silver nanowire slurry was laminated onto an insulating polymer film using a transfer printing process, resulting in a cross-hatched pattern. Figure 3 D) A conductive heating layer is formed. An insulating polymer film with a conductive heating layer is bonded to the seat body using a conventional bonding process. Then, terminals, electrode wires, sensing devices, and sensing wires are set inside the seat body. After the wiring is completed, a heated toilet seat based on nano-silver wires is obtained.

[0143] The conductive heating layer has a thickness of approximately 0.05 μm; the insulating polymer film is a polyethylene terephthalate film with a softening temperature greater than 60°C and a thickness of approximately 0.2 mm; the adhesive used for conventional bonding is silicone sealant; and the electrode wire is silver wire.

[0144] Example 4

[0145] This embodiment provides a heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires, specifically:

[0146] Formula II silver nanowire slurry is coated onto the surface of the seat ring body using a spraying process, resulting in a ring-shaped (multi-ring) distribution. Figure 3 B) A conductive heating layer is formed, and then a varnish is applied to the composite conductive heating layer as an insulating protective layer using a spray painting process. A TPX release film is then applied to the surface of the insulating protective layer. Next, terminals, electrode wires, sensing devices, and sensing wires are set inside the seat ring body. After completing the wiring, a heated toilet seat ring based on nano-silver wires is obtained.

[0147] The conductive heating layer is approximately 0.1 μm thick; the insulating protective layer is approximately 0.2 mm thick; and the electrode wires are silver wires.

[0148] Example 5

[0149] This embodiment provides a heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires, specifically:

[0150] Formula III silver nanowire paste was laminated onto the surface of the seat ring body using a transfer printing process, resulting in a cross-hatched pattern of horizontal and vertical lines. Figure 3 D) A conductive heating layer is formed, and then a clear varnish is laminated on the composite conductive heating layer as an insulating protective layer through a baking process. A TPX release film is laminated on the surface of the insulating protective layer. Then, terminals, electrode wires, sensing devices, and sensing wires are set inside the seat ring body. After completing the wiring, a heated toilet seat ring based on nano-silver wires is obtained.

[0151] The conductive heating layer is approximately 0.5 μm thick; the insulating protective layer is approximately 0.5 mm thick; and the electrode wire is nickel wire.

[0152] Example 6

[0153] This embodiment provides a heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires, specifically:

[0154] Formula III silver nanowire slurry was composited between two insulating polymer films using inkjet printing to form a three-layer structure, exhibiting an obliquely intersecting grid-like distribution. Figure 3 C) Then, the insulating polymer film with the conductive heating layer is bonded to the seat body using a conventional bonding process. Next, terminals, electrode wires, sensing devices, and sensing wires are set inside the seat body. After completing the wiring, a heated toilet seat based on nano-silver wires is obtained.

[0155] The conductive heating layer has a thickness of approximately 1.0 μm; the insulating polymer film is a polyimide film with a softening temperature greater than 60°C and a thickness of approximately 0.05 mm; and the electrode wire is a nickel wire.

[0156] Comparative Example 1

[0157] This comparative example uses a commercially available brand of smart toilet heated seat as a comparison.

[0158] Comparative Example 2

[0159] This comparative example provides a heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires, specifically:

[0160] Ordinary silver paste is laminated onto an insulating polymer film using inkjet printing technology, resulting in a diagonally cross-grid distribution. Figure 3 C) A conductive heating layer is formed. An insulating polymer film with a conductive heating layer is bonded to the seat body through an in-mold injection molding process. Terminals, electrode wires, sensing devices, and sensing wires are then set inside the seat body. After the wiring is completed, a heated toilet seat based on nano-silver wires is obtained.

[0161] The conductive heating layer has a thickness of approximately 0.5 μm; the insulating polymer film is a polymethyl methacrylate film with a softening temperature greater than 60°C and a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm; and the electrode wire is a copper wire.

[0162] Performance testing

[0163] Thermal imaging tests were conducted on the heated toilet seats in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 using an infrared thermal imager (FLIR C3-X, Treda Filer Ltd.).

[0164] Figure 4 These are thermal images of the heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires in Example 2 under different heating durations. Figure 4 A, B, C, and D in the image are thermal images taken after heating for 5 seconds, 1 minute, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes, respectively. Figure 4 It is known that the heated toilet seat ring based on nano-silver wires provided by the present invention has a fast heating rate. The local temperature can rise to 32.9°C within 5 seconds, and it reaches a stable heating temperature (38.2°C) after heating for 10 minutes. After continuing to heat for 20 minutes, it still maintains 38.2°C. This indicates that the heated toilet seat ring has a certain heating upper limit and can still maintain a suitable temperature range under long-term heating, effectively avoiding the safety risks of high temperature burns and flammability, and demonstrating good practical use effect.

[0165] Figure 5 These are thermal imaging temperature comparison curves of the heated toilet seat rings in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 under different heating durations. Figure 5It can be seen that the commercially available brand of intelligent toilet heating seat in Comparative Example 1 can only be heated to 24.5℃ after 10s of heating, and has the problems of slow induction, slow heating, slow heat conduction and long preheating time. In Comparative Example 2, the ordinary silver paste is used to prepare the conductive heating layer, and the heating type toilet seat ring has a heating rate lower than that of Examples 1-6, and can only be heated to about 31℃ after 10s of heating. The heating type toilet seat ring based on the nano-silver wire provided by the application can reach a temperature of more than 30℃ after 5s of heating, and can reach a temperature of more than 32℃ after 10s of heating, and has a fast heating rate.

Claims

1. A heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires, characterized in that, include: The seat ring body; an insulating protective layer located on the upper surface of the seat ring body; and a conductive heating layer located between the seat ring body and the insulating protective layer; wherein the conductive heating layer is prepared from a silver nanowire slurry.

2. The heated toilet seat ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silver nanowire slurry comprises the following components by weight:

3. The heated toilet seat ring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aspect ratio of the silver nanowires is greater than 100.

4. The heated toilet seat ring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adhesive comprises a synthetic resin; And / or, the additives include at least one of dispersants, leveling agents, defoamers, thickeners, stabilizers, coupling agents, wetting agents, conductivity enhancers, and preservatives.

5. The heated toilet seat ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the insulating protective layer is selected from an insulating polymer film or a paint layer; the insulating polymer film includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate film, polycarbonate film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyimide film, and polyolefin film; the paint layer includes at least one of varnish layer, clear varnish layer, acrylic paint layer, polyurethane paint layer, and epoxy resin paint layer.

6. The heated toilet seat ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulating protective layer is 0.05-0.5 mm; the thickness of the conductive heating layer is 0.05-1.0 μm.

7. The heated toilet seat ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution shape of the conductive heating layer includes wavy, ring-shaped, diagonally intersecting grid, and horizontally and vertically intersecting checkerboard.

8. The method for preparing a heated toilet seat ring based on silver nanowires according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The preparation method is selected from any one of the following methods: Method 1: Take nano-silver wire slurry, composite it on the surface of the seat ring body to form a conductive heating layer, and then composite a paint layer on the surface of the conductive heating layer to obtain the heated toilet seat ring. Method 2: Take the nano-silver wire slurry, composite it on the surface of the insulating polymer film to form a conductive heating layer, and then composite it with the seat ring body to obtain the heated toilet seat ring.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In Method 1, the composite method of the nano-silver wire slurry and the seat body is selected from coating, spraying or printing; the composite method of the paint layer is selected from spraying or baking.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In Method 2, the composite method of the silver nanowire slurry and the insulating polymer film is selected from coating, spraying or printing; the composite method of the nanowire slurry and the seat ring body is selected from bonding, hot molding or in-mold injection molding.

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