Mining combined dust falling device based on microcapsule self-healing foam

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mining industry dust treatment, and particularly discloses a mining combined dust falling device based on microcapsule self-healing foam, which comprises a spray dust falling mechanism, a foam dust suppression mechanism and a power and control unit, the spray dust suppression mechanism and the foam dust suppression mechanism are sequentially arranged on the guide chute; the foam dust suppression mechanism comprises a foaming agent storage chamber, a water solvent storage chamber, a foam generator, a material conveying pipeline and a foam output assembly, a foaming agent adopts a microcapsule self-healing foam material, the foaming agent is continuously released within 1-10 minutes after water is added and stirring is performed, and a cementing agent is released after breaking and is cross-linked and cured with dust to form a porous solid shell layer; the power and control unit comprises a screw air compressor and a PLC, the screw air compressor provides power for the spraying dust suppression mechanism and the foam dust suppression mechanism, and the PLC dynamically adjusts working parameters according to the dust concentration. Through layer-by-layer interception of the multi-stage dust removal device, the dust falling efficiency is remarkably improved, the health of workers is guaranteed, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology in the mining industry, and in particular to a combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam. Background Technology

[0002] Belt conveyor roadways are the main channels for coal transportation in underground coal mines, achieving continuous transport through belt conveyors. Belt conveyors are widely used in long-distance underground transportation due to their advantages such as large transport capacity, high efficiency, and strong adaptability. However, during coal transfer, the material falls from a height, creating localized high pressure due to the impact force, and the collision and friction of coal can lead to secondary breakage; all these factors contribute to dust dispersion. Furthermore, the traction and shear airflow generated during the operation of the belt conveyor further agitates fine particles, exacerbating the dust dispersion problem. High concentrations of dust not only harm workers' health but also increase the risk of explosions and fires.

[0003] Currently, dust suppression devices at transfer points mainly suffer from the following limitations: 1. Limited application scope: Most devices are only suitable for high-drop transfer scenarios, making it difficult to adapt to dynamic changes in dust concentration. 2. Low dust suppression efficiency: Existing technologies mostly employ a single dust suppression method, making it difficult to achieve multi-stage, efficient dust collection. 3. Complex operation: Some devices have cumbersome structures, are inconvenient to operate, and lack automated control capabilities, leading to resource waste (such as water resources) or equipment blockage. For example, traditional spray dust suppression mechanisms typically use a "constant spray" mode, which not only wastes water resources but also easily leads to water accumulation in the tunnels; while in foam dust suppression technology, the instantaneous reaction of the foaming agent easily causes foam collapse, affecting the dust suppression effect. In addition, the fiber membrane of wet filters is prone to caking or blockage due to dust adhesion, requiring frequent maintenance.

[0004] In summary, existing dust suppression technologies have significant shortcomings in terms of adaptability, efficiency, and sustainability. There is an urgent need for a combined dust suppression device for mines that can integrate multiple dust suppression methods, adapt to different working conditions, and is highly efficient and energy-saving. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam, comprising a spray dust suppression mechanism, a foam dust suppression mechanism, and a power and control unit; the spray dust suppression mechanism and the foam dust suppression mechanism are arranged sequentially on a dust suppression channel; the foam dust suppression mechanism includes a foaming agent storage chamber, a water solvent storage chamber, a foam generator, a material conveying pipe, and a foam output component; the foaming agent is a microcapsule self-healing foam material, which continuously releases foaming agent within 1–10 minutes after adding water and stirring, and releases a binder after rupture to cross-link and solidify with dust to form a porous solid shell; the power and control unit includes a screw air compressor and a PLC controller; the screw air compressor provides power to the spray dust suppression mechanism and the foam dust suppression mechanism; the PLC controller dynamically adjusts the operating parameters according to the dust concentration.

[0007] As can be seen from the above structure, the device of the present invention integrates a spray dust suppression mechanism, a foam dust suppression mechanism, and a power and control unit. The foaming agent is a microcapsule self-healing foam material, which can realize multi-level dust suppression linkage control, dynamically respond to changes in dust concentration, improve adaptability and dust suppression efficiency, and solve the problems of low efficiency and resource waste of traditional single dust suppression methods.

[0008] Optionally, the wall thickness of the porous solid shell formed after the foaming agent ruptures is 50–100 μm. This ensures that the shell is thin yet strong, balancing coverage and durability, effectively suppressing secondary dust generation, and preventing the shell from being too thick and affecting material flow.

[0009] Optionally, the dust suppression spray mechanism includes an automatic spray assembly, a water supply pipeline, and nozzles. The automatic spray assembly monitors the dust concentration in the dust suppression channel in real time using a dust concentration sensor and controls the start and stop of the nozzles. The screw air compressor generates a stable and continuous high-pressure airflow through compressed air and delivers it to the nozzles through high-pressure pipelines. The nozzles atomize the high-pressure air-water mixture into micron-sized water mist particles. This achieves on-demand spraying, avoids wasting water resources through constant spraying, solves the problem of water accumulation in the alley, and improves water resource utilization.

[0010] Optionally, the nozzle is an ultrasonic air atomizing nozzle with an atomization angle of 60°–90° and an average droplet size of 40–50 μm. This optional solution enhances the ability to capture fine dust and improves the initial dust suppression efficiency by optimizing the spray coverage and particle size matching.

[0011] Optionally, the microcapsule self-healing foam material is a chitosan-sodium alginate and zein complex, and its porous solid shell is composed of Ca... 2+ The cross-linked sodium alginate network, together with the hydrogen-bonded stable corn gluten matrix, forms a continuous, sealed barrier. This alternative solution can improve the abrasion resistance and mechanical stability of the foam shell, extend the life of the dust suppression barrier, and reduce maintenance frequency.

[0012] Optionally, the mining combined dust suppression device of the present invention further includes a filtration and cooling mechanism, which comprises a wet dust scrubbing machine, a filtration chamber, and a cooling chamber. The filtration chamber employs a biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure filter membrane, and the cooling chamber utilizes groundwater from the mine for gas-liquid heat exchange via a finned heat exchange core. This optional solution, by adding a filtration and cooling mechanism, achieves both deep dust removal and air cooling functions, prevents filter membrane clogging, utilizes groundwater for zero-discharge cooling, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0013] Optionally, the biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure filter membrane surface has lotus leaf-inspired papillary microstructures with a diameter of 5 μm, a height of 8 μm, and a spacing of 10 μm, a contact angle ≥160°, and a roll-off angle ≤2°. This endows the filter membrane with self-cleaning ability, significantly reduces dust adhesion, lowers the pressure drop growth rate, and extends the maintenance cycle.

[0014] Optionally, the head of the dust suppression channel is sealed to the material transfer chamber, and the tail is equipped with an air-cooled dust removal mechanism. The spray dust suppression mechanism, foam dust suppression mechanism, and filtration and cooling mechanism are arranged sequentially on the dust suppression channel to form a closed dust treatment channel. This structure can prevent dust from escaping, achieve fully enclosed treatment, improve the safety of the working environment, and avoid secondary pollution.

[0015] Optionally, the spray dust suppression mechanism is located on the right side of the material transfer chamber, the foam dust suppression mechanism is located on the right side of the spray dust suppression mechanism, and the filtration and cooling mechanism is located at the end of the dust suppression channel, forming a three-stage dust suppression closed-loop system. This structure, by constructing a hierarchical and collaborative governance system, enhances the dust suppression effect at each stage, achieving a total efficiency of over 98%, thus solving the problem of insufficient efficiency in traditional devices.

[0016] Optionally, the filtration and cooling mechanism further includes a finned heat exchange core, which comprises copper tubes and fins. Clean air flows laterally across the fins, while groundwater flows counter-currently within the copper tubes, achieving convective heat transfer. This optional solution efficiently utilizes the mine's cold source, achieving zero emissions from air cooling, reducing operating energy consumption, and improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0017] This invention offers the following advantages: Addressing the problems of existing dust suppression devices in mines, this invention provides a combined dust suppression device for mines based on microcapsule self-healing foam. The foam dust suppression mechanism utilizes microcapsule self-healing foam, significantly improving dust suppression efficiency. The filtration chamber employs a wet non-membrane filtration principle, with the filter membrane featuring a biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure surface, avoiding the fiber clogging and blockage problems of traditional wet filters. The cooling chamber cools the air through efficient gas-liquid convection heat exchange, achieving zero-emission, zero-pollution utilization of mine cold sources. Simultaneously, the combination of multiple dust suppression technologies makes the dust suppression process more energy-efficient and effective. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the combined dust suppression device for mining according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the combined dust suppression device for mining according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spray dust suppression mechanism in the combined dust suppression device for mining of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the foam dust suppression mechanism in the combined dust suppression device for mining of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration and cooling mechanism in the combined dust suppression device for mining of the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Material transfer chamber; 2. Screw air compressor; 3. Spray dust suppression mechanism; 4. Foam dust suppression mechanism; 5. PLC controller; 6. Water and electricity supply pipeline; 7. Dust suppression channel; 8. Filtration and cooling mechanism; 9. Automatic spray assembly; 10. Water supply pipeline; 11. Nozzle; 12. Foam generator; 13. Foaming agent storage chamber; 14. Water solvent storage chamber; 15. Material conveying pipeline; 16. Foam output assembly; 17. Wet scrubbing machine; 18. Filtration chamber; 19. Cooling chamber; 20. Air-cooled dust removal mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment provides a combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam, including a spray dust suppression mechanism 3, a foam dust suppression mechanism 4, a filtration and cooling mechanism 8, and a power and control unit. The mechanisms are connected in series via a dust suppression channel 7, and the joints are secured with sealing gaskets and screws to ensure airtightness. The power and control unit includes a screw air compressor 2 and a PLC controller 5, used to provide power to the spray dust suppression mechanism 3 and the foam dust suppression mechanism 4, and dynamically adjust operating parameters according to dust concentration. The screw air compressor 2 is located on the non-pedestrian side of the dust suppression channel 7, specifically between the spray dust suppression mechanism and the foam dust suppression mechanism 4, near the inlet of the water and electricity supply pipe 6. The device monitors the dust concentration inside the dust suppression channel 7 in real time using a dust concentration sensor. When the dust concentration exceeds a preset value, the device starts working, with the screw air compressor 2 providing power to the spray and foam mechanisms through a high-pressure pipeline, and the PLC controller 5 enabling coordinated control of multiple mechanisms.

[0028] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the spray dust suppression mechanism 3 mainly consists of an automatic spray assembly 9, a water supply pipe 10, and nozzles 11. It achieves intelligent start-stop via a PLC controller 5 linked to a dust concentration sensor. The automatic spray assembly 9 monitors the dust concentration in the dust suppression channel 7 in real time through the dust concentration sensor and automatically controls the nozzles 11 to avoid water waste and water accumulation in the alleyway caused by traditional "constant spraying." Simultaneously, the screw air compressor 2 provides a high-pressure air source to drive atomization for the spray dust suppression mechanism 3. The screw air compressor 2 forms a stable and continuous high-pressure airflow through compressed air and delivers it to the nozzles 11 through a high-pressure pipe. The high-pressure gas generated by the screw air compressor 2 mixes with water and forms micron-sized water mist particles through the atomizing nozzles, enhancing the adsorption and settling effect of dust and achieving initial dust settling.

[0029] The design was further optimized by using an ultrasonic air atomizing nozzle for nozzle 11, with an atomization angle of 60°–90° and an average droplet size of 40–50 μm.

[0030] The scheme was further optimized. The automatic spraying component 9 is connected to the water and electricity supply pipe 6 through a flange. The water supply pipe 10 adopts a pressure-resistant rubber hose with a pressure resistance of ≥1.5MPa. The nozzle 11 is fixed to the top of the dust suppression channel 7 by threads.

[0031] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the foam dust suppression mechanism 4 includes a foaming agent storage chamber 13, a water solvent storage chamber 14, a foam generator 12, a material conveying pipe 15, and a foam output component 16. Each component is fluidly connected in sequence, and the end is connected to the dust suppression channel 7 through the material conveying pipe 15 to achieve directional coverage of foam in the dust generation area.

[0032] Further optimization of the solution involves using a microcapsule self-healing foam material as the foaming agent. The wall thickness and formulation are synergistically controlled, allowing for continuous release of the foaming agent within 1–10 minutes after water addition and stirring. This overcomes the foam collapse defect caused by the instantaneous reaction of traditional foaming agents. After partial rupture of the microcapsules, the internal binder is released and cross-links with the dust, causing the foam liquid film to solidify into a porous solid shell with a thickness of 50–100 μm within 3–5 minutes.

[0033] Further optimization of the solution resulted in a microcapsule self-healing foam material formulation using a chitosan-sodium alginate and zein complex, where the porous solid shell is composed of Ca... 2+ The cross-linked sodium alginate network, combined with a hydrogen-bonded stable corn protein matrix, forms a wall material with a thickness of 50-100 μm. It exhibits environmental responsiveness, controlled release characteristics, and time-enhancing adhesion stability. Ultimately, it is firmly fixed by the specific binding of chitosan amino groups to oxygen-containing functional groups on the coal surface, forming a continuous intelligent barrier with a compressive strength ≥1.0 MPa, effectively suppressing secondary dust. Its sustained-release mechanism is as follows: upon contact with moisture, the microcapsules rupture gradually, releasing bioactive components, which interact with dust particles through the inter-chain Ca of sodium alginate. 2+ The bridging and intramolecular hydrogen bond network of corn protein molecules achieve dual cross-linking and curing, and the curing process is completed within 3-5 minutes.

[0034] In a further optimized scheme, the foam generator 12 receives compressed air from the screw air compressor 2 and mixes it with an aqueous solution containing foaming agent at high speed to generate foam fluid with uniform particle size and excellent stability. The foam is transported to the foam output component 16 through the conveying pipe 15 and sprayed evenly on the dust source area inside the dust suppression channel 7 at a preset flow rate and distribution pattern, thereby completing the dust suppression operation.

[0035] In a further optimized design, the storage chamber is connected to the foam generator 12 via a solenoid valve. The outlet of the foam generator 12 extends into the dust suppression channel 7 via the material conveying pipe 15, and a foam output component 16 is installed at the end.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, the filtration and cooling mechanism 8 includes a wet scrubbing air machine 17, a filtration chamber 18, and a cooling chamber 19. The wet scrubbing air machine 17 generates negative pressure through a fan, drawing in the dust-laden airflow from the dust suppression channel 7 and inputting it into the filtration chamber 18. The filtration chamber 18 employs a wet non-membrane filtration principle, using a biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure filter membrane with a biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure surface. When the dust-laden airflow enters the chamber, it is first pre-wetted by a water curtain, causing dust particles to be captured and agglomerated by the droplets. Subsequently, the airflow passes through a three-dimensional corrugated filter screen coated with a nano-level hydrophobic coating. Due to the extremely low surface energy of the coating, water droplets and dust form "ball-shaped" droplets, which automatically roll off the filter screen surface under the action of gravity and airflow shear, achieving dynamic self-cleaning and thus completely avoiding the problems of fiber clogging and blockage in traditional wet filters. The purified clean air is drawn in and cooled at the end through the cooling chamber 19, which uses a finned heat exchange core. The heat exchange area is greatly expanded through the array of fins and copper tubes. The clean air sweeps horizontally over the fins, while the groundwater flows counterclockwise inside the copper tubes. The air is cooled through efficient gas-liquid convection heat exchange. At the same time, the groundwater is pressurized by a closed-loop circulation pump and enters the finned tube bundle. After heat exchange and heating, it flows back to the underground water tank, achieving zero-emission and zero-pollution utilization of the mine's cold source.

[0037] The scheme is further optimized by connecting the inlet of the wet dust scrubbing machine 17 to the dust suppression channel 7 via a pipeline, and connecting the outlet to the filtration treatment chamber 18 and the cooling treatment chamber 19 in sequence to form a closed-loop system.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, the screw air compressor 2 is linked with the spray dust suppression mechanism 3 and the foam dust suppression mechanism 4 through the PLC controller 5, and automatically adjusts the air pressure and reagent dosage according to the dust concentration data to achieve the switching of three spray intensity levels: "low-medium-high".

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the head of the dust suppression channel 7 is connected to the material transfer chamber 1, the head of the material transfer chamber 1 is fixedly provided with a head sealing mechanism, an air-cooled dust removal mechanism 20 is provided above the tail of the dust suppression channel 7, and a tail sealing mechanism is fixedly provided at the tail of the dust suppression channel 7.

[0040] In a further optimized design, the spray dust suppression mechanism 3 is located on the right side of the material transfer chamber 1. The automatic spray assembly 9 is located at the top of the dust suppression channel 7 and is connected to the nozzle 11 inside the dust suppression channel 7 via the water supply pipe 10. The other side of the automatic spray assembly 9 is connected to the water and electricity supply pipe 6.

[0041] In a further optimized scheme, the foam dust suppression mechanism 4 is located on the right side of the spray dust suppression mechanism 3, wherein the reagent storage box and the foam generator 12 are located at the top of the dust suppression channel 7 and are connected to the foam output component 16 inside the dust suppression channel 7 through the material conveying pipe 15.

[0042] The design has been further optimized so that all connections between mechanisms and components are secured with screws, and joints are sealed with gaskets to ensure no leakage of air or dust.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, the performance of the microcapsule self-healing foam was tested, and the specific test process and results are as follows:

[0044] Stability tests were conducted on the microcapsule self-healing foam in a simulated mine environment with humidity ranging from 30% to 90% and temperature from -10°C to 60°C. The results showed that its foam half-life consistently remained above 25 minutes, while traditional foam typically collapsed in less than 8 minutes under the same conditions. Furthermore, in a coal block drop impact test, after 500 impacts from a height of 1.5 meters, the solid shell formed by the microcapsule foam maintained over 85% integrity, with no visible cracks or peeling on the surface, while the shell integrity rate of conventional foam was less than 30%. Dust adhesion tests showed that at 300 mg / m³... 3 Under conditions of dust concentration and wind speed of 1 m / s for 1 hour, the dust adhesion rate of microcapsule foam was only 13%, which is significantly lower than the 45% of conventional foam.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, the fabrication process of the biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure filter membrane is as follows:

[0046] Using 316L stainless steel fiber felt as a substrate, a fluorinated silica-fluorosilane composite nanocoating with a thickness of approximately 200 nm was deposited via chemical vapor deposition at 150℃ and 10⁻³ Pa in a vacuum. Subsequently, a femtosecond laser was used to etch lotus leaf-like papillary microstructures with a diameter of 5 μm, a height of 8 μm, and a spacing of 10 μm onto the coating surface, achieving a filter membrane contact angle exceeding 160° and a roll-off angle below 2°. Continuous operation in a coal mine for 168 hours showed that the pressure drop growth rate of this filter membrane was controlled within 5%, while the pressure drop growth of traditional wet filter membranes exceeded 200% during the same period. After continuous rinsing with an airflow containing 0.1–10 μm dust at a speed of 2 m / s, the dust adhesion rate on the filter membrane surface was reduced by approximately 85% compared to the untreated membrane. After 50 water rinsing cycles, its superhydrophobic contact angle retention rate remained above 95%, and no coating peeling was observed.

[0047] In practical applications, the combined dust suppression device of this invention monitors dust concentration in real time through a PLC controller 5, automatically adjusting the spray intensity and foam output. Test results show that the overall dust suppression efficiency of the device reaches over 98%, water consumption is reduced by 40%, and the filter membrane does not require frequent replacement, extending the maintenance cycle to three times that of traditional devices. Furthermore, the cooling chamber 19 utilizes groundwater from the mine for heat exchange, achieving zero-emission, zero-pollution utilization of the cold source.

[0048] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0049] The dust-laden gas moves along the conveying direction and first undergoes initial settling through the spray dust suppression mechanism 3. Uncaptured dust continues to enter the foam dust suppression mechanism 4 with the airflow, where it is powered by the screw air compressor 2 for secondary dust suppression. If a small amount of dust still escapes, it is drawn away by the wet scrubbing machine 17 creating negative pressure in the dust suppression channel 7. The air then passes through the filtration chamber 18 and the cooling chamber 19 in sequence, and finally, the clean air is cooled before being discharged into the working environment.

[0050] This invention utilizes a microcapsule-based self-healing foam material. By controlling the wall thickness and formulation, the foaming agent is slowly released within 1–10 minutes after adding water and stirring, avoiding foam collapse caused by the instantaneous reaction of traditional foaming agents. After some microcapsules rupture, the released binder reacts with dust, transforming the foam liquid film into a porous solid shell within 3–5 minutes. This porous solid shell is composed of Ca... 2+ The cross-linked sodium alginate network and the hydrogen-bonded stable corn protein matrix together form a structure with high hardness and wear resistance. The exterior has a superhydrophobic micro-nano rough structure, which has both antistatic and self-cleaning properties. The surface is free of cracks and dust, forming a continuous barrier.

[0051] The entire system uses a multi-stage dust removal mechanism to intercept dust layer by layer, which significantly improves dust reduction efficiency, protects workers' health, and extends equipment life.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention disclose at least the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The device of this invention forms a closed dust treatment channel by sealing the head of the dust suppression channel 7 with the material transfer chamber 1 and cooperating with the tail air-cooled dust removal device. The spray dust suppression mechanism 3 adopts high-pressure air-water mixed atomization technology to achieve preliminary and efficient dust settling through automatically controlled micron-level water mist. The foam dust suppression mechanism 4 forms a solid barrier with both flexibility and hardness in the dust suppression channel 7 through the slow-release characteristics and cementation reaction of microcapsule self-healing foam, effectively suppressing secondary dust. The filtration and cooling mechanism 8 uses the negative pressure suction of the wet dust scrubber 17, combined with the dynamic self-cleaning function of the biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure filter membrane, to achieve deep dust collection and gas-solid separation. At the same time, the purified air is cooled and discharged through the efficient convection heat exchange of the finned heat exchange core. The entire device operates in coordination with each module through a PLC controller 5, dynamically adjusting the working parameters according to the dust concentration. Ultimately, it achieves a closed-loop treatment of three-stage dust reduction in terms of structure, significantly improving dust reduction efficiency and energy utilization. At the same time, it solves problems such as foam collapse, filter membrane clogging, and waste of cold source in traditional technologies.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0055] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam, characterized in that, The system includes a spray dust suppression mechanism (3), a foam dust suppression mechanism (4), and a power and control unit. The spray dust suppression mechanism (3) and the foam dust suppression mechanism (4) are arranged sequentially on the dust suppression channel (7). The foam dust suppression mechanism (4) includes a foaming agent storage chamber (13), a water solvent storage chamber (14), a foam generator (12), a material conveying pipe (15), and a foam output component (16). The foaming agent is a microcapsule self-healing foam material. After adding water and stirring, the foaming agent is continuously released within 1–10 minutes. After rupture, the binder is released and cross-linked with the dust to form a porous solid shell. The power and control unit includes a screw air compressor (2) and a PLC controller (5). The screw air compressor (2) provides power to the spray dust suppression mechanism (3) and the foam dust suppression mechanism (4). The PLC controller (5) dynamically adjusts the working parameters according to the dust concentration.

2. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the porous solid shell formed after the foaming agent ruptures is 50–100 μm.

3. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust suppression spray mechanism (3) includes an automatic spray assembly (9), a water supply pipe (10), and a nozzle (11). The automatic spray assembly (9) monitors the dust concentration in the dust suppression channel (7) in real time through a dust concentration sensor and controls the start and stop of the nozzle (11). The screw air compressor (2) forms a stable and continuous high-pressure airflow through compressed air and delivers it to the nozzle (11) through a high-pressure pipe. The nozzle (11) forms micron-sized water mist particles through high-pressure air-water mixing and atomization.

4. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nozzle (11) is an ultrasonic air atomizing nozzle with an atomization angle of 60°–90° and an average droplet size of 40-50μm.

5. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcapsule self-healing foam material is a chitosan-sodium alginate and zein complex, and its porous solid shell is composed of Ca 2+ The cross-linked sodium alginate network and the hydrogen-bonded stable corn protein matrix together form a continuous, closed barrier.

6. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a filtration and cooling mechanism (8), which includes a wet dust scrubbing machine (17), a filtration chamber (18) and a cooling chamber (19). The filtration chamber (18) adopts a biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure filter membrane, and the cooling chamber (19) uses mine groundwater for gas-liquid heat exchange through a finned heat exchange core.

7. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to claim 6, characterized in that, The biomimetic superhydrophobic microstructure filter membrane has a lotus leaf-like papillary microstructure with a diameter of 5μm, a height of 8μm, and a spacing of 10μm. The contact angle is ≥160° and the roll-off angle is ≤2°.

8. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to claim 6, characterized in that, The head of the dust suppression channel (7) is sealed to the material transfer chamber (1), and the tail is provided with an air-cooled dust removal mechanism (20). The spray dust suppression mechanism (3), the foam dust suppression mechanism (4) and the filtration and cooling mechanism (8) are arranged in sequence on the dust suppression channel (7) to form a closed dust treatment channel.

9. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spray dust suppression mechanism (3) is located on the right side of the material transfer chamber (1), the foam dust suppression mechanism (4) is located on the right side of the spray dust suppression mechanism (3), and the filtration and cooling mechanism (8) is located at the end of the dust suppression channel (7), forming a three-level dust suppression closed-loop system.

10. The combined dust suppression device for mining based on microcapsule self-healing foam according to claim 6, characterized in that, The filtration and cooling mechanism (8) also includes a finned heat exchange core, which includes copper tubes and fins. Clean air passes horizontally across the fins, and groundwater flows in the opposite direction inside the copper tubes to achieve convective heat exchange.

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