A flue gas treatment device after incineration of refuse

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, and discloses a flue gas treatment equipment after garbage incineration, which comprises a spraying reaction tower, the spraying reaction tower comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber and the lower chamber are both communicated with a flue gas inlet pipe for inputting flue gas to be treated, the top of the upper chamber is communicated with a flue gas outlet pipe, a telescopic connecting rod device for folding and unfolding a partition cloth is arranged in the spraying reaction tower, the partition cloth is used for forming the upper chamber and the lower chamber, the gap between the side edge of the partition cloth and the inner wall of the spraying reaction tower is used for enabling the flue gas in the lower chamber to enter the upper chamber and flow into the flue gas outlet pipe, an upper pressure type nozzle and a lower pressure type nozzle are installed in the telescopic connecting rod device, and the lower pressure type nozzle sprays mist liquid into the lower chamber after the partition cloth is unfolded. The application can automatically adjust the spraying height and the atomization range according to the flue gas flow by separating the cavity volume of the spraying reaction tower and atomizing in multiple layers, so that the deacidification efficiency is improved, and the scaling and energy consumption waste are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, and particularly relates to a flue gas treatment equipment after waste incineration. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of household garbage is increasing year by year, and garbage incineration for power generation has become one of the mainstream treatment methods due to its advantages of reduction and resource utilization. However, a large amount of acid gases (such as HCl, SO2, etc.) will be generated during the garbage incineration process, which needs to be treated by a flue gas purification system before being discharged. At present, most of the garbage incineration plants in China adopt the combined process of “spray drying deacidification (semi-dry method) + activated carbon adsorption + bag dust removal” to treat flue gas. Among them, spray drying deacidification is the core link, which atomizes the lime slurry through a spray reaction tower and reacts with the acid components in the flue gas to generate solid salt and achieve flue gas cooling.

[0003] The core components of the spray reaction tower include the tower body and the atomization system. When working, the high-temperature flue gas enters the tower body tangentially, and the atomization system atomizes the lime slurry into fine droplets, so that it fully contacts with the flue gas and occurs neutralization reaction, and finally generates solid salt, and the evaporation of water can reduce the flue gas temperature.

[0004] However, the existing atomization system has the following technical defects: the atomization height is fixed and cannot adapt to the change of flue gas flow. The atomization height of the traditional atomization system is usually designed according to the maximum load of the flue gas, but in actual operation, the amount of flue gas from the garbage incinerator will fluctuate with the amount of feeding. When the amount of flue gas decreases, but the atomization intensity still maintains a high load state, it causes the droplets to be over-atomized and collide with the tower wall, causing the lime slurry to adhere and scale, affecting the stable operation of the equipment, and the idle running of the atomizer causes energy waste; when the amount of flue gas increases, but the atomization capacity is insufficient, the gas-liquid contact efficiency is reduced, the deacidification effect is decreased, and the risk of emission exceeding the standard is increased. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a flue gas treatment equipment after waste incineration, which can automatically adjust the spray height and atomization range according to the change of flue gas flow by separating the volume of the spray reaction tower cavity and the multiple layers of atomization, thereby improving the deacidification efficiency and reducing scaling and energy waste.

[0006] The application provides a waste incineration flue gas treatment equipment, which comprises a spray reaction tower, the spray reaction tower comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber and the lower chamber are communicated with a flue gas inlet pipe for inputting flue gas to be treated, the top of the upper chamber is communicated with a flue gas outlet pipe, a telescopic connecting rod device for folding and unfolding a partition cloth is arranged in the spray reaction tower, the partition cloth is used for forming the upper chamber and the lower chamber, the partition cloth is unfolded to form a square shape, and the gap between the side edge and the inner wall of the spray reaction tower is used for the flue gas in the lower chamber to enter the upper chamber and flow into the flue gas outlet pipe, an upper pressure nozzle and a lower pressure nozzle are installed in the telescopic connecting rod device, and the lower pressure nozzle sprays mist liquid into the lower chamber after the partition cloth is unfolded.

[0007] Further, the telescopic connecting rod device comprises a center support table located at the joint of the upper chamber and the lower chamber, a guide support rod fixed between the corner of the center support table and the inner wall of the spray reaction tower, four main swing rods arranged and hingedly connected to the four sides of the center support table, a swing table arranged at the top of the main swing rod, a moving table sleeved on the guide support rod, a secondary swing rod hingedly connected between two adjacent swing tables and the moving table, and a driving mechanism for driving the four main swing rods to swing between vertical and horizontal directions, wherein the upper surface of the swing table is provided with the upper pressure nozzle, and the lower surface of the moving table is provided with the lower pressure nozzle.

[0008] Further, the driving mechanism comprises four sliding blocks fixed to the outer side wall of the center support table, a sliding rail slidably arranged on each sliding block, four racks fixedly connected with the sliding rails, four gears rotatably arranged on the four sides of the center support table and engaged with the racks, four U-shaped pieces fixedly connected with the gears, the bottom of the main swing rod is fixed to the U-shaped piece, a connecting plate located below the center support table and used for connecting the four racks, and an electric push cylinder installed on the center support table, wherein the telescopic rod of the electric push cylinder penetrates through the center support table and is fixedly connected with the connecting plate to drive the connecting plate to move vertically.

[0009] Further, the upper surface of the center support table is further provided with a support frame, and the electric push cylinder is fixedly installed on the support frame.

[0010] Further, the driving mechanism further comprises a protective cover covering the electric push cylinder and fixed to the upper surface of the center support table.

[0011] Further, a slurry conveying ring is arranged in the protective cover, and a slurry conveying hose one is connected to each of the upper pressure nozzles on the main swing rods, and the slurry conveying hose one is laid along the main swing rods, and a slurry conveying hose two is laid along the secondary swing rods, and one end of the slurry conveying hose two is connected to the slurry conveying hose one, and the other end of the slurry conveying hose two is connected to the lower pressure nozzles on the moving table.

[0012] Further, the center support table has two extension tables extending outward from the four corners, and the rack and the gear are located between the two extension tables, and the two ends of the gear are rotatably arranged on the outer walls of the two extension tables.

[0013] The one or more technical solutions provided in the application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0014] Through the coordinated adjustment of the telescopic connecting rod device and the partition cloth, efficient operation of the spray reaction tower under different load conditions is realized: when the load is low, the telescopic connecting rod device and the partition cloth are expanded by the driving mechanism, the upper chamber smoke inlet pipe is closed, smoke gas only enters from the lower chamber, and part of the lower pressure nozzles work, so that the smoke gas reacts with the lime slurry in the lower chamber and then enters the upper chamber through the gap of the partition cloth and is discharged, which not only ensures the deacidification effect but also reduces the atomization energy consumption; when the load is high, the telescopic connecting rod device and the partition cloth are retracted by the driving mechanism, the upper and lower smoke inlet pipes are opened at the same time, and the main swing rod and the secondary swing rod are in a vertical state to form atomization layers of different heights for the upper pressure nozzles and the lower pressure nozzles, so that the high-flow smoke gas is processed in stages to ensure the deacidification efficiency. Through the dynamic adjustment of the reaction space and the atomization distribution, the energy consumption under low load is optimized, and the processing capacity under high load is ensured, which significantly improves the adaptability and operation economy of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a spray reaction tower in an embodiment of the application;

[0016] Figure 2 FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the telescopic connecting rod device and the partition cloth after being expanded in the spray reaction tower in an embodiment of the application;

[0017] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the telescopic connecting rod device after being retracted in an embodiment of the application;

[0018] Figure 4 FIG. 5 is a schematic view of part of the structure in an embodiment of the application; Figure 3

[0019] FIG. 6 is a schematic view of part of the structure in an embodiment of the application; Figure 5 Figure 4 FIG. 7 is a schematic view of part of the structure in an embodiment of the application;

[0020] ​In the figure: 1, spray reaction tower; 2, partition cloth; 3, telescopic connecting rod device; 41, upper pressure nozzle; 42, lower pressure nozzle; 101, upper chamber; 102, lower chamber; 103, smoke inlet pipe; 104, smoke outlet pipe; 31, center support table; 32, guide support rod; 33, main swing rod; 34, swing table; 35, moving table; 36, secondary swing rod; 37, driving mechanism; 371, sliding block; 372, sliding rail; 373, rack; 374, gear; 375, U-shaped piece; 376, connecting plate; 377, electric push cylinder; 378, support frame; 379, protective cover; 51, slurry conveying ring; 511, slurry conveying hose one; 512, slurry conveying hose two; 311, extension table; 6, protective pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present application proposes a flue gas treatment equipment after incineration of garbage, and the core technology is to control the unfolding and folding of the telescopic connecting rod device 3 and the partition cloth 2 through the driving mechanism 37, so as to realize the dynamic partition of the inner cavity of the reaction tower: in the low load condition, the partition cloth 2 is unfolded to form the upper chamber 101 and the lower chamber 102, only the lower chamber 102 is used for atomization deacidification, and the atomization intensity is reduced to avoid the slurry sticking to the wall; in the high load condition, the partition cloth 2 is folded to make the tower cavity through, and at the same time, the telescopic connecting rod device 3 is used to make the upper pressure nozzle 41 and the lower pressure nozzle 42 form atomization layers of different heights, so as to improve the gas-liquid contact efficiency through multi-stage atomization. The present application solves the problems of fixed atomization height and inability to adapt to the change of flue gas flow in the existing spray drying deacidification system, and through structural self-adaptive adjustment, the problems of excessive atomization and energy consumption in low load condition are solved, and the deacidification effect in high load condition is ensured, so that efficient and stable operation in all working conditions is realized.

[0022] In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail in combination with the drawings in the specification and specific embodiments.

[0023] Referring to Figure 1 , the figure and Figure 3 , a flue gas treatment equipment after incineration of garbage, comprising a spray reaction tower 1, which is divided into an upper chamber 101 and a lower chamber 102 by a partition cloth 2, the upper chamber 101 and the lower chamber 102 are both communicated with a smoke inlet pipe 103 for inputting flue gas to be treated, the top of the upper chamber 101 is communicated with a smoke outlet pipe 104 for discharging the flue gas, the two smoke inlet pipes 103 make the high-temperature flue gas enter different areas, and the smoke outlet pipe 104 is used for discharging the purified flue gas. The spray reaction tower 1 is provided with a telescopic connecting rod device 3 for folding and unfolding the partition cloth 2.

[0024] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The telescopic connecting rod device 3 comprises a central support platform 31, a guide support rod 32, a main swing rod 33, a swing platform 34, a moving platform 35, a secondary swing rod 36, and a driving mechanism 37. The central support platform 31 is fixed to the middle part of the spray reaction tower 1 and serves as the support core of the whole mechanism. The central support platform 31 has four extension platforms 311 extending outward from the four corners. The guide support rod 32 is connected between the extension platform 311 of the central support platform 31 and the inner wall of the tower body. The guide support rod 32 is provided with four rods and is fixed to the end of each extension platform 311. The guide support rod 32 ensures the stable sliding of the moving platform 35. The main swing rod 33 is provided with four rods, which are hingedly connected to the four edges of the central support platform 31 and between the two extension platforms 311. The swing platform 34 is installed on the top of the main swing rod 33 and is used for fixing the upper pressure type nozzle 41. The moving platform 35 is sleeved on the guide support rod 32, and each support rod is sleeved with the moving platform 35 and can slide along the rod. Each moving platform 35 is provided with a lower pressure type nozzle 42 below. The secondary swing rod 36 is hingedly connected to the adjacent swing platform 34 and moving platform 35, so that the whole structure is linked. Each main swing rod 33 is provided with a secondary swing rod 36 on both sides. The partition cloth 2 is in the shape of a square and is fixed between the main swing rod 33 and the secondary swing rod 36.

[0025] With reference to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The driving mechanism 37 is used for controlling the swing of the main swing rod 33. The driving mechanism 37 comprises sliders 371, slide rails 372, racks 373, gears 374, U-shaped pieces 375, connecting plates 376, electric push cylinders 377, support frames 378 and protective covers 379. The sliders 371 are arranged on the outer side walls of the central support table 31, and one slider 371 is arranged between every two adjacent extension tables 311. The sliding grooves of the sliders 371 are vertically arranged. The slide rails 372 are slidably arranged on the sliders 371, and the slide rails 372 are located on the side of the sliders 371 away from the central support table 31. The racks 373 are arranged in four, and each rack 373 is fixedly connected with a slide rail 372. The racks 373 are located on the side of the slide rails 372 away from the sliders 371. The gears 374 are arranged in four, and one gear 374 is arranged between every two adjacent extension tables 311. The two ends of each gear 374 are rotatably connected to the side walls of the extension tables 311, and the gears 374 are located on the side of the racks 373 away from the slide rails 372. The gears 374 are in mesh with the racks 373. The U-shaped pieces 375 are arranged in four, and one U-shaped piece 375 is arranged between every two adjacent extension tables 311. The two ends of each U-shaped piece 375 are fixedly connected to the end faces of the two ends of the gear 374, and the bottom of the main swing rod 33 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped piece 375. The connecting plates 376 are located below the central support table 31, and the connecting plates 376 are used for connecting the four racks 373. The upper surface of the central support table 31 is further fixedly connected with the support frames 378, the electric push cylinders 377 are installed on the support frames 378, and the telescopic rods of the electric push cylinders 377 pass through the central support table 31 and are fixedly connected with the connecting plates 376, so as to drive the connecting plates 376 to move vertically.

[0026] With reference to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5On the upper surface of the center support table 31, a protective cover 379 is fixedly installed, which is made of corrosion-resistant material, completely covers the outside of the electric push cylinder 377, forms a closed protection space, effectively isolates the acidic components and dust in the flue gas, prevents the electric push cylinder 377 from being stuck and failing due to corrosion or dust accumulation, and significantly improves long-term reliability. The protective cover 379 is integrated with a slurry delivery ring 51, which serves as the distribution center of the lime slurry and realizes uniform distribution of the slurry through the annular cavity. The slurry delivery system adopts a flexible pipeline design, specifically including slurry delivery hose one 511 and slurry delivery hose two 512. The slurry delivery hose one 511 extends along the main swing rod 33 to provide slurry for the upper pressure nozzle 41. The slurry delivery hose two 512 extends along the secondary swing rod 36 to provide slurry for the lower pressure nozzle 42. A short delivery pipe is provided on the swing table 34 to realize the series communication of the slurry delivery hose one 511 and the slurry delivery hose two 512. To ensure the stability of the pipeline during the movement of the swing rod, the slurry delivery hose one 511 and the main swing rod 33, and the slurry delivery hose two 512 and the secondary swing rod 36 are fixed by high-temperature-resistant straps, which not only prevents the pipeline from being damaged by friction with moving parts, but also prevents entanglement during extension and retraction. This flexible delivery scheme ensures sealing while adapting to the large-scale extension and retraction requirements of the linkage mechanism.

[0027] In addition, a vertical through pipe 6 is provided between the top of the protective cover 379 and the top cover of the spray reaction tower 1, which adopts a segmented flange connection structure and has two internal channels. One channel is used for the lime slurry delivery main pipe, which is connected to the slurry delivery ring 51 through the slurry pump outside the tower. The other channel is used for the power cable of the electric push cylinder 377, which uses high-temperature-resistant shielding cable to prevent electromagnetic interference. The interface between the pipe 6 and the protective cover 379 is pressed by a sealing rubber ring to ensure that there is no gas leakage in the negative pressure environment in the tower. This integrated design simplifies the external pipeline layout and realizes the full-closed protection of the key components, with compact overall structure and convenient maintenance.

[0028] During the extension of the telescopic linkage device 3, the electric push cylinder 377 is retracted, and under the rotation of the gear 374 driven by the rack 373, the main swing rod 33 is turned from vertical to horizontal. In this process, the moving table 35 moves along the guide support rod 32 towards the inner wall of the spray reaction tower 1, and the secondary swing plate is also turned from vertical to horizontal, thereby unfolding the partition 2 between the secondary swing rod 36 and the main swing rod 33.

[0029] The folding process of the telescopic connecting rod device 3 is as follows: the electric push cylinder 377 extends to push the connecting plate 376 downward, thereby driving the four racks 373 to move downward synchronously, the gears 374 meshing with the racks 373 rotate accordingly, driving the U-shaped piece 375 to drive the main swing rod 33 to swing from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction, at the same time, the moving table 35 slides along the guide support rod 32 to the center support table 31, and the secondary swing rod 36 synchronously swings from the horizontal to the vertical state with the main swing rod 33, so that the partition cloth 2 presents a folding form, and finally the main swing rod 33 and the secondary swing rod 36 are both in the vertical position, completing the entire folding process.

[0030] The existing atomization system has the following technical defects: the atomization height is fixed and cannot adapt to the change of flue gas flow. The atomization height of the traditional atomization system is usually designed according to the maximum load of flue gas, but in actual operation, the flue gas quantity of the waste incinerator will fluctuate with the feeding quantity. When the flue gas quantity decreases, but the atomization intensity still maintains a high load state, it causes the liquid droplets to be over-atomized and collide with the tower wall, causing the lime slurry to adhere and scale, affecting the stable operation of the equipment, and the atomizer idling causes energy waste; when the flue gas quantity increases, but the atomization capacity is insufficient, the gas-liquid contact efficiency is reduced, the acid removal effect is decreased, and the risk of emission exceeding the standard is increased.

[0031] The present application can solve the above technical defects of the existing atomization system through the following technical principles.

[0032] In the low load condition, when the flue gas flow is small, the telescopic connecting rod device 3 is expanded by the driving mechanism 37, and at the same time the partition cloth 2 is also expanded, so that the inner cavity of the spray reaction tower 1 forms an upper chamber 101 and a lower chamber 102, the smoke inlet pipe 103 of the upper chamber 101 is closed, and the high-temperature flue gas enters the spray reaction tower 1 from the smoke inlet pipe 103 of the lower chamber 102. Opening the lower part of the moving table 35 to press the force type nozzle 42, which will spray misty lime slurry into the lower chamber 102, the high-temperature flue gas and the lime slurry will react chemically in the lower chamber 102, and the chemically reacted flue gas will flow upward to the upper chamber 101 through the gap between the partition cloth 2 and the inner wall of the spray reaction tower 1, and finally flow out from the smoke outlet pipe 104 of the upper chamber 101, and the chemically reacted particulate matter will flow out from the outlet below the lower chamber 102. Thus, in the low load state, only the lower chamber 102 is used for chemical reaction, which can reduce the atomization intensity.

[0033] In high load working condition, when the flue gas flow is large, the telescopic connecting rod device 3 is folded by the driving mechanism 37, and the partition cloth 2 is also folded, the upper and lower cavities of the spray reaction tower 1 are communicated, and the high-temperature flue gas can enter the spray reaction tower 1 from the two smoke inlets 103 at the same time. Since the telescopic connecting rod device 3 is in a folded state, the main swing rod 33 and the secondary swing rod 36 are in a vertical state, the upper pressure nozzle 41 on the main swing rod 33 and the lower pressure nozzle 42 on the moving table 35 are at different heights respectively, so that the spray reaction tower 1 can be sprayed with misty lime slurry at different heights, and different atomization layers can cope with high load flue gas flow, ensuring the deacidification effect.

[0034] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application belong to the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0035] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical scheme and concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flue gas treatment device after waste incineration, comprising a spray reaction tower (1), characterized in that, The spray reaction tower (1) includes an upper chamber (101) and a lower chamber (102). Both the upper chamber (101) and the lower chamber (102) are connected to a flue gas inlet pipe (103) for inputting the flue gas to be treated. The top of the upper chamber (101) is connected to a flue gas outlet pipe (104) for the flue gas to exit. The spray reaction tower (1) is equipped with a telescopic linkage device (3) for retracting and unfolding a partition cloth (2). The partition cloth (2) is used to form the upper chamber (101) and the lower chamber (102). The lower chamber (102) is provided, and the partition cloth (2) is unfolded to form a square shape. The gap between the side and the inner wall of the spray reaction tower (1) is used for the flue gas in the lower chamber (102) to enter the upper chamber (101) and flow into the flue pipe (104). The telescopic linkage device (3) is equipped with an upper pressure nozzle (41) and a lower pressure nozzle (42). The lower pressure nozzle (42) sprays a mist of liquid into the lower chamber (102) after the partition cloth (2) is unfolded. The telescopic linkage device (3) includes: A central support platform (31) is located at the junction of the upper chamber (101) and the lower chamber (102); The guide support rod (32) is fixed between the corner of the central support platform (31) and the inner wall of the spray reaction tower (1); The main swing arm (33) is provided with four rods and is respectively hinged to the four sides of the central support platform (31); The swing platform (34) is hinged to the top of the main swing rod (33); The movable stage (35) is sleeved on the guide support rod (32); The secondary swing arm (36) is hinged between two adjacent swing tables (34) and the moving table (35). A drive mechanism (37) is used to drive the four main swing arms (33) to swing between vertical and horizontal. The upper surface of the swing table (34) is equipped with the upper pressure nozzle (41), and the lower surface of the moving table (35) is equipped with the lower pressure nozzle (42). The drive mechanism (37) includes: Four sliders (371) are provided and fixed to the outer wall of the central support platform (31); Slide rail (372), each of the sliders (371) is slidably provided with slide rail (372); Four racks (373) are provided and are fixedly connected to each of the slide rails (372); Four gears (374) are provided and are rotatably mounted on the four sides of the central support platform (31). The gears (374) mesh with the rack (373). Four U-shaped parts (375) are provided and fixed to each of the gears (374) respectively, and the bottom of the main swing rod (33) is fixed to the U-shaped parts (375); A connecting plate (376) is located below the central support platform (31) and is used to connect the four racks (373). An electric push cylinder (377) is installed on the central support platform (31), and a telescopic rod passes through the central support platform (31) and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (376), thereby driving the connecting plate (376) to move vertically.

2. The flue gas treatment equipment after waste incineration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the central support platform (31) is also fixed with a support frame (378), and the electric push cylinder (377) is fixedly installed on the support frame (378).

3. The flue gas treatment equipment after waste incineration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (37) also includes a protective cover (379), which is placed on the electric push cylinder (377) and fixed to the upper surface of the central support platform (31).

4. The flue gas treatment equipment after waste incineration as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The protective cover (379) is provided with a grouting ring (51). The grouting ring (51) is connected to the upper pressure nozzle (41) on each of the main swing rods (33) with a grouting hose first (511). The grouting hose first (511) is laid along the main swing rod (33). A grouting hose second (512) is laid along the secondary swing rod (36). One end of the grouting hose second (512) is connected to the grouting hose first (511), and the other end is connected to the lower pressure nozzle (42) on the moving platform (35).

5. The flue gas treatment equipment after waste incineration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The four corners of the central support platform (31) extend outwards to form extension platforms (311). The rack (373) and the gear (374) are located between the two extension platforms (311), and the two ends of the gear (374) are rotatably mounted on the outer walls of the two extension platforms (311).

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