Open caisson desilting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an open caisson desilting device and method, and belongs to the technical field of underground construction, the open caisson desilting device comprises an annular rail, a moving part and a cleaning assembly, and the annular rail is arranged on the inner wall of an open caisson in the circumferential direction of the open caisson; the moving part is connected to the annular track and can move along the extending path of the annular track; the cleaning assembly is connected to the moving part and can spray fluid to the inner wall of the open caisson and the blade angle. According to the open caisson desilting method, the open caisson desilting device is adopted, the technical problems that existing open caisson desilting efficiency is low and the desilting effect is poor are effectively solved through cooperation of the annular rail, the moving part and the cleaning assembly, and the comprehensiveness and accuracy of desilting operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground construction technology, and in particular to a device and method for dredging caissons. Background Technology

[0002] A caisson is a cylindrical structure consisting of one or more well sections. During construction, soil is removed from the caisson manually or mechanically, and the caisson is lowered to the height of one or more well sections at a time. The caisson sinks to the design elevation by its own weight, overcoming the frictional resistance of the well wall. Then, the bottom is sealed with concrete and the wellhead structure is constructed, ultimately making it the foundation for water intake and drainage wells, bridge piers, or other structures.

[0003] During caisson construction, silt continuously accumulates inside the caisson. If not cleaned in time, it will affect the stability and accuracy of the caisson's sinking, preventing it from reaching the designed elevation and potentially severely impacting subsequent sealing and structural use. Therefore, timely dredging is necessary. However, due to the great depth, relatively narrow space, and complex underwater working environment of ultra-deep caissons, the deployment space for dredging equipment is limited, making it difficult to carry out dredging work comprehensively and efficiently.

[0004] Currently, underwater dredging of caissons mainly employs grab buckets or specialized dredging suction devices. Grab buckets are inefficient in clay formations due to their limited mechanical force. While suction devices can meet the demands of mechanized construction, their specialized equipment occupies a large area and is more suitable for sandy soils. Simple suction devices are not only inefficient and difficult to control in terms of suction range, but also prone to over-flushing at the cutting edge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a caisson dredging device and method to solve the technical problems of low efficiency and poor dredging effect in existing caisson dredging methods.

[0006] Based on the above concept, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] On one hand, the present invention provides a caisson dredging device for use in caissons, wherein the inner wall of a portion of the caisson is inclined inward to form a cutting edge, and the caisson dredging device includes:

[0008] A circular track is provided along the circumference of the caisson on the inner wall of the caisson;

[0009] A movable component is connected to the annular track, and the movable component is capable of moving along the extension path of the annular track;

[0010] A cleaning assembly, connected to the movable component, is capable of spraying fluid onto the inner wall of the caisson and the cutting edge.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes a spray pipe, at least a portion of which is bent along the inclined direction of the blade angle, and the spray pipe is provided with a plurality of spray points capable of spraying fluid along its own extension direction.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning assembly further includes a diversion pipe, which has at least two output ends, each of which is provided with a spray pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the spray pipe is rotatably connected to the output end of the diverter pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a spray head is provided at the spray point, and the spray head is rotatably connected to the spray pipe. The spray head can rotate to adjust the angle of the sprayed fluid.

[0015] Preferably, the assembly also includes a balance bar, one end of which is connected to the movable component, and the other end is provided with a counterweight. The cleaning component is connected to the balance bar.

[0016] Preferably, the system also includes a water supply component, which includes a water pump for supplying water to the cleaning component.

[0017] Preferably, the water supply assembly also includes a water pipe, an auxiliary track, and a power component. The water pump is located outside the caisson. One end of the water pipe is connected to the output end of the water pump, and the other end is connected to the cleaning assembly. The auxiliary track is located at the wellhead of the caisson and is circular. The water pipe is connected to the power component, and the power component can move synchronously with the moving component along the extension path of the auxiliary track.

[0018] Preferably, the water supply pump is located inside the caisson, and the water supply pump is connected to the other end of the balance bar as a counterweight.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for dredging caissons, employing the above-mentioned caisson dredging device, comprising:

[0020] The annular track is installed on the inner wall of the caisson;

[0021] Connect the moving part to the circular track;

[0022] The moving component is driven to move along the annular track, and at the same time, the cleaning assembly is activated to spray fluid onto the inner wall of the caisson and the cutting edge.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] The caisson dredging device proposed in this invention utilizes a circular track arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the caisson. This allows a movable component connected to the track to continuously move the cleaning assembly around the caisson wall, achieving comprehensive, seamless, and automated cleaning of the inner wall and cutting edge areas. By spraying fluid through the cleaning assembly, the device efficiently peels off and removes silt adhering to the caisson wall and cutting edge areas. This effectively avoids the problems of insufficient gripping force and low efficiency of traditional grab buckets in clay layers, while also overcoming the shortcomings of simple suction devices, such as difficulty in controlling the suction range and the tendency to over-scrub the cutting edge. Because the entire device is installed within the caisson's own structure, it occupies a small area, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained ultra-deep well operations. Its continuous circumferential movement improves the efficiency and uniformity of dredging, ensuring the stability and controllability of the dredging process and providing a reliable guarantee for the successful sinking of the caisson and subsequent bottom sealing construction. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a first cross-sectional view of the caisson dredging device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a second cross-sectional view of the caisson dredging device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the caisson dredging device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the caisson dredging device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the caisson dredging device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 100. Caisson; 101. Blade angle;

[0032] 1. Circular track;

[0033] 2. Moving parts; 21. Stabilizing blocks;

[0034] 3. Cleaning components; 31. Spray pipe; 32. Diverter pipe; 33. Spray head;

[0035] 4. Balance bar;

[0036] 5. Counterweight;

[0037] 6. Water supply components; 61. Water supply pump; 62. Water delivery pipe; 63. Auxiliary track; 64. Power components. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This invention provides a caisson dredging device, which is applied to a caisson 100, wherein a portion of the inner wall of the caisson 100 is inclined inward to form a cutting edge 101.

[0044] The cutting edge 101 is a conical structure formed by the inward tilting and convergence of the lower wall of the caisson 100. This structure helps reduce sidewall friction resistance and makes it easier for the caisson 100 to cut into the soil during its descent. In this embodiment, the cleaning component 3 is specifically designed for this tilted cutting edge 101 structure, enabling precise spraying of cleaning fluid onto the tilted surface to ensure effective removal of silt from this critical area, thereby ensuring the smooth and stable descent of the caisson 100.

[0045] See Figures 1 to 3The caisson dredging device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an annular track 1, a movable component 2, and a cleaning component 3. The annular track 1 is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the caisson 100; the movable component 2 is connected to the annular track 1 and can move along the extension path of the annular track 1; the cleaning component 3 is connected to the movable component 2 and can spray fluid onto the inner wall of the caisson 100 and the cutting edge 101.

[0046] The caisson dredging device proposed in this invention utilizes a circular track 1 arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the caisson 100. A movable component 2 connected to this track drives a cleaning assembly 3 to continuously move around the caisson wall, achieving comprehensive, seamless, and automated cleaning of the inner wall and cutting edge 101 area of ​​the caisson 100. By spraying fluid through the cleaning assembly 3, the device efficiently peels off and removes silt adhering to the caisson wall and cutting edge 101, effectively avoiding the problems of insufficient gripping force and low efficiency of traditional grab buckets in clay layers. It also overcomes the shortcomings of simple suction devices, such as difficulty in controlling the suction range and the tendency to over-scrub the cutting edge. Because the entire device is installed based on the structure of the caisson 100 itself, it occupies a small area and is particularly suitable for ultra-deep well operations in space-constrained environments. Its continuous circumferential movement improves the efficiency and uniformity of dredging, ensuring the stability and controllability of the dredging process and providing a reliable guarantee for the successful sinking of the caisson 100 and subsequent bottom sealing construction.

[0047] The specific structure and working principle of the caisson dredging device will be described in detail below.

[0048] The function of the annular track 1 is to provide a stable annular movement path for the moving component 2 and the cleaning assembly 3, enabling them to run circumferentially along the inner wall of the caisson 100 and achieve comprehensive cleaning of the caisson wall and the area of ​​the cutting edge 101. The annular track 1 can be fixed to the inner wall of the caisson 100 via bolted connections for reliable connection and easy disassembly and maintenance. In this embodiment, to facilitate the installation and fixing of the annular track 1, a horizontal or slightly downward-sloping installation platform can be first excavated circumferentially inwards along the inner wall of the caisson 100. This platform supports and installs the annular track 1, enhancing the stability of the track installation and allowing it to better adapt to the structural shape of the inner wall of the caisson 100.

[0049] The moving component 2 cooperates with the annular track 1 and can move stably along its extended path, thereby driving the cleaning assembly 3 to complete the operation around the well wall. The moving component 2 can be a powered trolley with driving capability, or it can adopt other structural forms that can move along the annular track 1, such as a support mechanism with rollers or sliders and pulled by external power. The specific implementation is not limited here, as long as it can move smoothly along the annular track 1 and reliably carry the cleaning assembly 3 to perform the operation.

[0050] Preferably, a stabilizing block 21 is provided on the moving part 2. The stabilizing block 21 can improve the anti-tipping and overall stability of the moving part 2 when running on the circular track 1. By increasing the mass of the moving part 2 and lowering its overall center of gravity, the stabilizing block 21 can effectively counteract the complex vibrations and lateral torques generated during the operation of the cleaning assembly 3, preventing the moving part 2 from shaking, tilting or even derailing when subjected to fluid jet reaction force or track unevenness, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the spray direction of the cleaning assembly 3 and the continuity of the operation.

[0051] The cleaning component 3 is connected to the movable part 2, and the cleaning component 3 is capable of spraying fluid into the inner wall of the caisson 100 and the cutting edge 101.

[0052] Specifically, the cleaning assembly 3 includes a spray pipe 31, which is configured to adapt to the special inclined structure of the cutting edge 101. At least a portion of the spray pipe 31 is bent along the inclined direction of the cutting edge 101, so that its extension direction remains substantially parallel to the inclined surface of the cutting edge 101. Multiple spray points capable of spraying fluid are provided on the spray pipe 31 along its own extension direction, thereby achieving continuous, uniform, and efficient flushing and cleaning of the area of ​​the inclined cutting edge 101.

[0053] Furthermore, a spray head 33 is provided at the spray point, and the spray head 33 is rotatably connected to the spray pipe 31. The spray head 33 can rotate to adjust the angle of the sprayed fluid.

[0054] Specifically, the spray head 33 is rotatably connected to the spray pipe 31 via an adapter mechanism. The adapter mechanism includes a mounting base on the spray pipe 31 and a pivot connected to the spray head 33, allowing the spray head 33 to rotate relative to the spray pipe 31. Through this rotatable connection, operators can flexibly adjust the spray angle of the spray head 33 according to actual dredging needs, thereby precisely directing high-pressure fluid onto the inclined surface of the cutting edge 101 or a specific area of ​​the well wall. This enhances adaptability to complex well wall contours, improves the flushing efficiency of stubborn deposits, and ensures the thoroughness and high quality of the dredging operation.

[0055] In other embodiments, the adapter mechanism may also be a ball joint mechanism, a universal joint mechanism, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0056] The cleaning assembly 3 further includes a diversion pipe 32, which serves as a fluid distribution center. Its input end is connected to the water supply assembly 6. The diversion pipe 32 includes at least two output ends, each of which is independently connected to a spray pipe 31, thereby distributing and delivering fluid to multiple spray pipes 31. Through this diversion pipe 32 structure, a single fluid source can be used to simultaneously supply fluid to multiple spray pipes 31, ensuring the stability of the spray pressure at each spray point and effectively expanding the coverage of a single cleaning operation, thus improving the overall efficiency and uniformity of the dredging operation.

[0057] In actual use, depending on the actual diameter of the caisson 100 and the dredging requirements, different numbers of diversion pipes 32 with output ends and corresponding numbers of spray pipes 31 can be configured to adapt to different working conditions with the most optimized layout, which will not be elaborated here.

[0058] Preferably, the spray pipe 31 is rotatably connected to the output end of the diversion pipe 32, thereby enhancing the adaptability to blade angles 101 with different inclination angles and complex well wall contours. By rotating the spray pipe 31, the spray point can always be in the optimal spray position, thereby improving the cleaning effect. Furthermore, this rotatable connection effectively avoids internal pipe stress caused by equipment installation errors or uneven well walls, improving the reliability and durability of the system.

[0059] The rotatable connection between the output ends of the spray pipe 31 and the diversion pipe 32 can be achieved by using a ball joint mechanism to realize multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment, or by using a rotary joint consisting of a pair of mating flanges and a sealing ring in the middle, or by using a quick coupling to realize the rotatable connection between the spray pipe 31 and the diversion pipe 32.

[0060] In addition, the device includes a balance bar 4, one end of which is connected to the moving part 2, and the other end is equipped with a counterweight 5. The cleaning assembly 3 is connected to the balance bar 4. The cleaning assembly 3, the balance bar 4, and the counterweight 5 form a lever structure. The torque generated by the counterweight 5 can flexibly counteract the reaction force generated by the cleaning assembly 3 when spraying high-pressure fluid, thereby enhancing the stability of the entire cleaning operation. This ensures that the cleaning assembly 3, especially the spray head 33, can always maintain a preset optimal working distance from the flushing surface (i.e., the well wall or the inclined surface of the cutting edge 101), avoiding a decrease in flushing effect caused by equipment vibration or retraction due to reaction force.

[0061] The device also includes a water supply component 6, which includes a water supply pump 61 for supplying water to the cleaning component 3.

[0062] Specifically, the water supply assembly 6 also includes a water supply pipe 62, an auxiliary track 63, and a power component 64. The water supply pump 61 is located outside the caisson 100, thus avoiding the influence of the underground environment (such as high humidity, mud splashing, and space constraints) on the water supply pump 61. One end of the water supply pipe 62 is connected to the output end of the water supply pump 61, and the other end is connected to the cleaning assembly 3. The auxiliary track 63 is located at the wellhead of the caisson 100. The auxiliary track 63 is circular, and its center is basically coaxial with the center of the circular track 1. The water supply pipe 62 is connected to the power component 64, which can move synchronously with the moving component 2 along the extension path of the auxiliary track 63. The middle section or upper part of the water supply pipe 62 is connected to the power component 64 through rotatable pipe clamps or other connecting parts, rather than being dragged entirely by the moving component 2 underground. By keeping the power component 64 synchronized with the moving component 2 downhole, the power component 64 provides an active, synchronized radial traction force and stable top support for the water supply pipe 62 at the wellhead. This effectively avoids excessive resistance, tangling, sagging, and interference wear with the well wall caused by the long water supply pipe 62 relying entirely on the dragging of the downhole moving component 2. It ensures that the water supply pipe 62 moves smoothly, is neatly laid out, and the entire water supply system operates stably and reliably.

[0063] It is understandable that the power component 64 can be a device with the same structure and driving method as the moving component 2, such as a power trolley or a track walking mechanism. Its specific structure, installation and driving principle have been described in the previous description of the moving component 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Embodiment 2 is shown, wherein components identical or corresponding to those in Embodiment 1 are referenced using the same reference numerals as in Embodiment 1. For simplicity, only the differences between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 are described. The difference lies in that, in some cases, when a stable water source exists inside the caisson 100, the water supply pump 61 is located inside the caisson 100, and the water supply pump 61 is connected to the other end of the balance bar 4 as a counterweight 5. This design effectively simplifies the overall structure and weight of the device by integrating the water supply function and the counterweight balancing function into the water supply pump 61. By directly utilizing the water source inside the caisson 100, pressure loss during the water supply process is reduced, and the working efficiency of the water supply pump 61 is improved, making it suitable for operating environments with a stable internal water source. Using the water supply pump 61, which has a certain weight, as a counterweight 5 makes full use of its mass, avoids the waste of materials and space caused by additional counterweight 5, and reduces manufacturing costs.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] This invention also provides a method for dredging caissons. For simplicity, components that are the same as or corresponding to those in Embodiment 1 are referred to with the same reference numerals as those in Embodiment 1. The specific steps of this method are as follows:

[0068] First, the device is assembled and debugged in the factory or on site, and a ring track 1 is set on the inner wall of the caisson 100. Specifically, the ring track 1 is fixed to the installation platform pre-excavated in the inner wall of the caisson 100 by bolt connection structure to ensure that its installation is stable and horizontal.

[0069] Subsequently, the moving part 2 is assembled onto the circular track 1, and the cleaning assembly 3 is connected to the moving part 2 via the balance bar 4 mechanism. At the same time, a suitable counterweight 5 is installed at the other end of the balance bar 4 to balance the working reaction force. The water supply pump 61 of the water supply assembly 6 is placed near the wellhead, and its output end is connected to the input end of the diversion pipe 32 of the cleaning assembly 3 via the water supply pipe 62. The middle of the water supply pipe 62 is synchronously tractioned and supported by a power component 64 installed on the wellhead auxiliary track 63.

[0070] During operation, the water supply pump 61 is started, and high-pressure fluid is delivered to each spray pipe 31 through the water supply pipe 62 and the diversion pipe 32, and then sprayed out through the spray head 33. The operator can remotely adjust the rotation angle of the spray head 33 as needed to optimize the flushing effect. The synchronous drive moving part 2 and the power part 64 at the wellhead move together along their respective annular tracks 1, driving the spray pipe 31 group to make continuous circumferential movement along the well wall and the cutting edge 101. At the same time, the cleaning component 3 is started to spray fluid into the inner wall of the caisson 100 and the cutting edge 101. The high-pressure fluid precisely impacts the well wall and the inclined surface of the cutting edge 101, effectively stripping and removing silt. Throughout the process, the counterweight 5 and the stabilizing block 21 work together to ensure the stability of the operation, and the rotating connection between the spray pipe 31 and the diversion pipe 32 adapts to the contour changes of the well wall until the comprehensive, efficient, and uniform sludge removal of the entire inner wall of the caisson 100 is completed.

[0071] The above embodiments merely illustrate the basic principles and characteristics of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A caisson dredging device, applied to a caisson (100), wherein a portion of the inner wall of the caisson (100) is inclined inward to form a cutting edge (101), characterized in that, include: A circular track (1) is provided on the inner wall of the caisson (100) along the circumference of the caisson (100); A movable component (2) is connected to the annular track (1) and is capable of moving along the extension path of the annular track (1); A cleaning assembly (3) is connected to the movable part (2) and is capable of spraying fluid into the inner wall of the caisson (100) and the cutting edge (101).

2. The caisson dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (3) includes a spray pipe (31), at least a portion of which is bent along the inclined direction of the blade angle (101), and the spray pipe (31) is provided with a plurality of spray points capable of spraying fluid along its own extension direction.

3. The caisson dredging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (3) also includes a diversion pipe (32), which includes at least two output ends, each of which is provided with a spray pipe (31).

4. The caisson dredging device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spray pipe (31) is rotatably connected to the output end of the diversion pipe (32).

5. The caisson dredging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A spray head (33) is provided at the spray point. The spray head (33) is rotatably connected to the spray pipe (31). The spray head (33) can rotate to adjust the angle of the sprayed fluid.

6. The caisson dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a balance bar (4), one end of which is connected to the moving part (2), and the other end is provided with a counterweight (5). The cleaning component (3) is connected to the balance bar (4).

7. The caisson dredging device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a water supply component (6), which includes a water supply pump (61) for supplying water to the cleaning component (3).

8. The caisson dredging device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water supply assembly (6) also includes a water supply pipe (62), an auxiliary track (63), and a power component (64). The water supply pump (61) is located outside the caisson (100). One end of the water supply pipe (62) is connected to the output end of the water supply pump (61), and the other end is connected to the cleaning assembly (3). The auxiliary track (63) is located at the wellhead of the caisson (100). The auxiliary track (63) is in a ring shape. The water supply pipe (62) is connected to the power component (64). The power component (64) can move synchronously with the moving component (2) along the extension path of the auxiliary track (63).

9. The caisson dredging device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water supply pump (61) is located inside the caisson (100), and the water supply pump (61) is connected to the other end of the balance bar (4) as the counterweight (5).

10. A method for dredging caissons, characterized in that, The caisson dredging device according to any one of claims 1-9 comprises: The annular track (1) is provided on the inner wall of the caisson (100); Connect the movable part (2) to the circular track (1); Drive the moving part (2) to move along the annular track (1), and at the same time, start the cleaning assembly (3) to spray fluid into the inner wall of the caisson (100) and the cutting edge (101).

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