Special-shaped lead screw machining method

Abstract

A special-shaped lead screw machining method comprises the steps that a material bar is clamped through an inverted turning mechanism, the outer circle face of the bottom end of the material bar is machined, then the bottom face of the material bar is machined through a milling mechanism, the material bar is converted to a vertical turning mechanism and cut into the needed length, and then the top face of the material bar is machined through a vertical milling mechanism. And then the cyclone milling mechanism is used for machining the outer circle face of the material bar into the needed threads, and finally the grinding mechanism is used for accurately grinding the threads to machine the threads to the needed thread precision grade. According to the machining method, all parts on the lead screw can be specifically machined in a targeted mode, so that the special-shaped lead screws of different shapes and structures are manufactured, the machining precision is high, the machining process is stable, and the machining quality can be improved easily.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a machining method of a screw rod, in particular to a machining method of a special-shaped screw rod. BACKGROUND

[0002] The screw rod is a very commonly used mechanical transmission part and an important component of many mechanical devices. With the development of AI technology and intelligent robots, various types of screw rods are applied to various robots. The conventional screw rod is a long circular bar with a thread on the surface, and the end faces of the two ends of the circular bar are circular planes. The conventional machining method of the screw rod is to horizontally place the material rod on the machine tool, fix the two end faces by using a center pin, drive the material rod to rotate, and then make the material rod through the feeding of a turning tool or a milling tool. However, in addition to the conventional screw rod, in order to meet the diversity of robots and realize more actions, more types of screw rods, even many special-shaped screw rods, need to be used. For example, the screw rod with non-planar end faces, the screw rod with a protrusion in the middle of the rod body, and the screw rod with different threads in the rod body. Many of these special-shaped screw rods cannot be machined by the conventional center pin fixing method, and different parts of the screw rod and different threads cannot be machined by the same machine tool. Therefore, the screw rod must be made by using different machine tools in steps, which limits the machining precision of the screw rod and cannot meet the needs of high-precision equipment and robots. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to provide a machining method of a special-shaped screw rod to improve the machining precision and efficiency.

[0004] The machining method of the special-shaped screw rod comprises an inverted turning mechanism, a cyclone milling mechanism, a vertical milling mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a milling mechanism and a vertical turning mechanism arranged vertically; and the following steps are further included. A. The inverted turning mechanism clamps the material rod, and the bottom end of the material rod protrudes from the bottom of the inverted turning mechanism; B. The outer cylindrical surface of the bottom end of the material rod is turned; C. The inverted turning mechanism and the milling mechanism are opposite to each other, and the milling mechanism is used to machine the bottom surface of the material rod; D. The inverted turning mechanism and the vertical turning mechanism are opposite to each other, the inverted turning mechanism outputs the material rod downward to the vertical turning mechanism, and the vertical turning mechanism clamps and fixes the middle part of the screw rod machining length of the material rod; after clamping and fixing, the material rod is cut according to the required machining length; E. The vertical milling mechanism is opposite to the vertical turning mechanism, and the vertical milling mechanism is used to machine the top surface of the material rod; F. The cyclone milling mechanism cooperates with the vertical turning mechanism to machine the required thread on the workpiece; G. The grinding mechanism cooperates with the vertical turning mechanism to grind the thread to the required thread precision grade.

[0005] The transverse guide rail, the longitudinal guide rail and the vertical guide rail on the rack constitute XYZ three-dimensional coordinate axes, and the transverse moving seat, the longitudinal moving seat and the vertical moving seat installed on the guide rails and moved along the guide rails by the drivers can drive various processing mechanisms and workpieces to move along the three-dimensional coordinate axes, so that the processing of each position of the workpiece is realized. The inverted lathe mechanism, the whirlwind milling mechanism, the vertical milling mechanism, the grinding mechanism, the milling mechanism and the upright lathe mechanism are arranged according to the vertical processing direction. Through the above processing method, the workpiece is processed into an irregular screw rod with non-planar end faces, a protruding connecting part in the middle of the rod body, and rod bodies with different threads at both ends of the connecting part. The processing method can be used for specific processing of all parts of the screw rod, so as to manufacture irregular screw rods with different shapes and structures, and the entire processing process can be completed by clamping once without switching between different machine tools or processing equipment, which can effectively improve the processing precision. At the same time, the vertical processing is adopted in the processing process, the direction of the center of gravity of the workpiece coincides with the axis in the processing process, and the rod body will not be bent due to gravity, which makes the processing process extremely stable, and the machine tool can adopt relatively large cutting parameters, so as to ensure the processing quality and improve the processing efficiency.

[0006] Preferably, in step C, an inner recess hole is processed on the bottom surface of the rod.

[0007] Preferably, in step E, a groove is processed on the top surface of the rod.

[0008] Preferably, in step F, the processed thread is a trapezoidal thread.

[0009] Preferably, the inverted lathe mechanism is provided with a through hole penetrating along the vertical direction and used for placing the rod, and the rod is input from above the through hole to the end of the through hole and protrudes from the bottom of the inverted lathe mechanism, and the inverted lathe mechanism clamps and fixes the middle part of the rod.

[0010] Preferably, when the inner recess hole on the end surface of the workpiece is processed, the end surface of the workpiece is first marked and positioned, then drilled, and then the drilled hole is processed by using a milling cutter.

[0011] Preferably, the milling mechanism replaces the milling groove cutter, and then mills the relief groove between the connecting part and the thread.

[0012] Preferably, the milling mechanism replaces the brush wheel to deburr the workpiece.

[0013] Through the above irregular screw rod processing method, the manufacturing precision of the irregular screw rod can be further improved, so as to better meet the requirements of the high-precision field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an irregular screw rod vertical processing machine tool.

[0015] Figure 2 is the machining process schematic diagram of step A.

[0016] Figure 3 is the machining process schematic diagram of step B.

[0017] Figure 4 is the machining process schematic diagram of step C.

[0018] Figure 5 is the machining process schematic diagram of step D.

[0019] Figure 6 is the machining process schematic diagram of step E.

[0020] Figure 7 is the machining process schematic diagram of step 7.

[0021] Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the profiled screw rod.

[0022] Figure 9 is the machining process schematic diagram of the tool withdrawal groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inner, outer, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings). If the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0025] If the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0026] This invention proposes a method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws.

[0027] The method for machining irregularly shaped lead screws in this embodiment includes a vertically arranged inverted lathe mechanism, a cyclone milling mechanism, a vertical milling mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a milling mechanism, and a vertical lathe mechanism; it also includes the following steps: A. Use the inverted carriage mechanism to clamp the bar, and make the bottom end of the bar protrude from the bottom of the inverted carriage mechanism; B. Turn the outer circular surface of the bottom end of the bar; C. The inverted lathe mechanism and the milling mechanism are opposite each other, and the milling mechanism is used to process the bottom surface of the bar. D. The inverted carriage mechanism and the upright carriage mechanism are positioned opposite each other, with the inverted carriage mechanism outputting the material bar downwards to the upright carriage mechanism. The upright carriage mechanism clamps and fixes the middle part of the lead screw in the material bar, which is the required processing length. After clamping and fixing, the material bar is cut off according to the required processing length. E. The vertical milling mechanism is opposite to the vertical turning mechanism, and the top surface of the bar is machined using the vertical milling mechanism; F. The cyclone milling mechanism works in conjunction with the upright turning mechanism to machine the required threads on the workpiece; G. The grinding mechanism works in conjunction with the upright lathe mechanism to finely grind the threads to the required thread accuracy level.

[0028] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the transverse, longitudinal, and vertical guide rails on the frame constitute the XYZ three-dimensional coordinate axes. The transverse, longitudinal, and vertical moving seats, mounted on these guide rails and driven by a driver, can move various machining mechanisms and workpieces along the three-dimensional coordinate axes, thereby achieving machining at various positions on the workpiece. The inverted lathe mechanism, cyclone milling mechanism, vertical milling mechanism, grinding mechanism, milling mechanism, and upright lathe mechanism—all mechanisms used for machining bar stock—are arranged in a vertical machining orientation. Through the above machining methods, the workpiece is processed into the following shape: Figure 9The two end faces are non-planar, the middle part of the rod body has a protruding connecting part, and the rod body at both ends of the connecting part has different threads. The machine tool is vertically machined, the direction of the center of gravity of the workpiece coincides with the axis during machining, and the rod body will not bend due to gravity, which makes the machining process extremely stable, and the machine tool can also use relatively large cutting parameters to ensure the machining quality while improving the machining efficiency.

[0029] In step C, a recess is machined on the bottom surface of the rod; in step E, a groove is machined on the top surface of the rod; and in step F, the machined thread is a trapezoidal thread, thereby machining the rod into the required profiled screw.

[0030] The profiled screw machining method uses a profiled screw vertical machining tool to machine the screw, the inverted turning mechanism 5, the whirlwind milling mechanism 6, the vertical milling mechanism 7, the grinding mechanism 8, the milling mechanism 9, and the vertical turning mechanism 10 are all installed on the profiled screw vertical machining tool, and the profiled screw vertical machining tool is equipped with a three-dimensional driving device that drives the movement of the inverted turning mechanism 5, the whirlwind milling mechanism 6, the vertical milling mechanism 7, the grinding mechanism 8, the milling mechanism 9, and the vertical turning mechanism, which makes it unnecessary to switch between different machine tools or machining equipment during the machining process, and the entire machining process can be completed with one clamping, which can effectively improve the machining precision. The three-dimensional driving device includes a rack 1, the rack is equipped with a transverse guide rail 21 arranged in the transverse direction and a vertical shaft guide rail 31 arranged in the vertical direction, the transverse guide rail and the vertical guide rail are respectively equipped with movable transverse moving seats 22 and vertical moving seats 32, the transverse moving seat is equipped with a longitudinal guide rail 41 that is perpendicular to the transverse guide rail and the vertical guide rail, the longitudinal guide rail is equipped with a movable longitudinal moving seat 42, and the transverse moving seat, the vertical moving seat, and the longitudinal moving seat are respectively driven by a transverse driver 23, a vertical driver 33, and a longitudinal driver 43; the inverted turning mechanism 5, the whirlwind milling mechanism 6, the vertical milling mechanism 7, and the grinding mechanism 8 are installed on the vertical moving seat; the milling mechanism 9 and the vertical turning mechanism 10 are installed on the longitudinal moving seat, and the vertical moving seat is also equipped with a turning tool set 11.

[0031] As shown in Figure 2 The inverted turning mechanism 5 is provided with a through hole that penetrates in the vertical direction and is used for placing the rod, the rod is input from above the through hole to the end of the through hole, and the inverted turning mechanism clamps and fixes the middle part of the rod; after the rod is cut by the cutter to the required length of the screw, the remaining rod can continue to be output downward for machining the next screw, which not only can improve the machining efficiency, but also can reduce the error caused by repeated loading and unloading of the rod, further improving the machining precision and machining quality.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the turning tool group 11 includes an outer turning tool for machining the outer surface of the workpiece, a slotting tool 113 for machining the annular groove, and a thread turning tool for machining the thread, so as to machine the annular groove between the thread at one end of the screw rod and the connecting portion of the rod body. The outer turning tool and the thread turning tool further include a rough turning tool 111 and a fine turning tool 112 for rough machining and fine machining, and a rough thread turning tool 114 and a fine thread turning tool 115, so as to improve the machining efficiency and the machining precision.

[0033] When machining the inner recess hole of the end surface of the workpiece, the special-shaped screw rod vertical machining tool first performs dot positioning on the end surface of the workpiece, as shown in Figure 4 (a), then drills a hole, as shown in Figure 4 (b), and then expands the hole by using a milling cutter, including rough milling and fine milling, as shown in Figure 4 (c), Figure 4 (d), which not only improves the machining precision, but also machines the required special-shaped hole.

[0034] As shown in Figure 7 , the cyclone milling mechanism 6 is provided with a milling cutter for machining trapezoidal thread, and the cyclone milling is used to improve the machining speed of the trapezoidal thread. As shown in Figure 8 , the milling mechanism 9 replaces the slotting cutter 116, and then mills a retreat groove between the connecting portion and the thread, so as to machine the screw rod into the required shape. In addition, the milling mechanism 9 can further replace the brush wheel to deburr the workpiece, so as to improve the surface cleanliness.

[0035] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation, direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, or the like, which is made under the inventive concept of the present application and based on the content of the present application and the drawings, is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws, characterized in that: This includes vertically mounted inverted lathe mechanisms, cyclone milling mechanisms, vertical milling mechanisms, grinding mechanisms, milling mechanisms, and upright lathe mechanisms; It also includes the following steps: A. Use the inverted carriage mechanism to clamp the bar, and make the bottom end of the bar protrude from the bottom of the inverted carriage mechanism; B. Turn the outer circular surface of the bottom end of the bar; C. The inverted lathe mechanism and the milling mechanism are opposite each other, and the milling mechanism is used to process the bottom surface of the bar. D. The inverted carriage mechanism and the upright carriage mechanism are positioned opposite each other, with the inverted carriage mechanism outputting the material bar downwards to the upright carriage mechanism. The upright carriage mechanism clamps and fixes the middle part of the lead screw in the material bar, which is the required processing length. After clamping and fixing, the material bar is cut off according to the required processing length. E. The vertical milling mechanism is opposite to the vertical turning mechanism, and the top surface of the bar is machined using the vertical milling mechanism; F. The cyclone milling mechanism works in conjunction with the upright turning mechanism to machine the required threads on the workpiece; G. The grinding mechanism works in conjunction with the upright lathe mechanism to finely grind the threads to the required thread accuracy level.

2. The method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step C, a concave hole is machined on the bottom surface of the bar.

3. The method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step E, a groove is machined on the top surface of the bar.

4. The method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step F, the thread being machined is a trapezoidal thread.

5. The method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The inverted carriage mechanism has a through hole that runs vertically through the material bar. The material bar is fed into the inverted carriage mechanism from above the through hole and extends out of the bottom of the inverted carriage mechanism from the through hole. The inverted carriage mechanism clamps and fixes the middle part of the material bar.

6. The method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: When machining the concave hole on the end face of a workpiece, first mark the end face of the workpiece for positioning before drilling, and then use a milling cutter to enlarge the drilled hole.

7. The method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The milling mechanism is modified by changing the milling cutter, and then a relief groove is milled between the connection and the thread.

8. The method for processing irregularly shaped lead screws according to claim 7, characterized in that: Replace the brush wheel in the milling mechanism to deburr the workpiece.

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