Automatic assembling and disassembling device for engine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engine manufacturing and maintenance, and particularly discloses an automatic assembling and disassembling device for an engine. Comprising a dismounting mechanism, a transferring mechanism and a cover closing mechanism, and the transferring mechanism is responsible for transferring a cylinder body and a cylinder cover in the dismounting mechanism to the cover closing mechanism. The disassembling mechanism is provided with a first rack, and a first conveying part, a first grabbing part and a first cylinder cover conveying part which are arranged on the first rack, a cylinder body enters through the first conveying part, and the cylinder cover is disassembled by the first grabbing part and placed on the first cylinder cover conveying part; the cover closing mechanism is provided with a second rack, a second conveying part, a second grabbing part and a second cylinder cover conveying part, and after the cylinder bodies and the cylinder covers are transferred, the second grabbing part completes installation. In addition, the device can further comprise a vacuum drying mechanism, a lifting blocking mechanism and the like, efficient and accurate disassembly and assembly of the engine cylinder body and the cylinder cover are achieved through an automatic structure, the operation efficiency and precision are improved, the damage risk of parts is reduced, the production cost is saved, and support is provided for efficient standardized production in related fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine manufacturing and maintenance technology, and in particular to an automatic engine assembly and disassembly device. Background Technology

[0002] In the engine block manufacturing process, cylinder head removal is a crucial step to ensure the smooth progress of subsequent processing and testing. Traditional cylinder head removal relies heavily on manual labor, requiring operators to manually loosen multiple bolts on the cylinder head and then manually separate it from the cylinder block. This process has significant drawbacks:

[0003] On the one hand, manual disassembly is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and difficult to meet the high-efficiency requirements of modern production lines, especially in large-scale production scenarios where inefficiency is even more pronounced. On the other hand, the precision of manual operation is easily affected by factors such as fatigue and skill level. Uneven force when loosening bolts may damage the cylinder head or cylinder block, and misalignment when separating the cylinder head may cause parts to collide, thus affecting the quality of subsequent assembly and posing a high risk of quality defects. In addition, the cylinder head size and bolt distribution vary between different engine models, and traditional manual disassembly requires adjustments to the operation method for different models, resulting in poor adaptability and further restricting production flexibility.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have explored automated disassembly and assembly equipment, such as the "Automatic Disassembly and Assembly Equipment" disclosed in CN119457831A. This equipment transports the engine to a designated location via a conveyor, and utilizes a first transfer mechanism within the axle cover disassembly and assembly device to drive the first disassembly and assembly mechanism to move. This, in conjunction with the grippers of the first clamp and an electric screwdriver, completes the automated disassembly and assembly of the axle cover, reducing manual intervention to some extent and improving the efficiency and accuracy of disassembly and assembly of specific components.

[0005] However, the existing equipment is mainly designed for the disassembly and assembly of bearing caps and camshafts. The clamping structure and power drive method of its first disassembly and assembly mechanism are all laid out around the characteristics of the bearing cap, which cannot be directly adapted to the disassembly requirements of the cylinder head. The cylinder head is larger and heavier, and has more bolts with a more complex distribution. The clamping force and disassembly and assembly stroke of the existing equipment are difficult to meet the strength and range requirements of cylinder head disassembly.

[0006] Therefore, in order to address the problems of low efficiency, poor precision and insufficient adaptability of manual operation in traditional cylinder head disassembly, there is an urgent need for an automated device specifically designed for cylinder head disassembly, in order to fill the gap in existing technology in cylinder head disassembly scenarios and achieve efficient disassembly and installation of cylinder heads. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an automatic engine assembly / disassembly device to solve the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy caused by manual operation in traditional engine block assembly / disassembly.

[0008] This invention provides an automatic engine assembly and disassembly device, including a disassembly mechanism, a transfer mechanism, and a closing mechanism. The transfer mechanism is used to transfer the cylinder block and cylinder head from the disassembly mechanism to the closing mechanism.

[0009] The disassembly mechanism includes:

[0010] A first frame and a first conveying section and a first gripping section disposed on the first frame, wherein a first cylinder head conveying section is also provided between the first conveying section and the first gripping section; the cylinder body enters from one end of the first conveying section, and the cylinder head on the cylinder body is disassembled by the first gripping section and placed on the first cylinder head conveying section.

[0011] The closing mechanism includes:

[0012] The second frame and the second conveying section and the second gripping section are mounted on the second frame. A second cylinder head conveying section is also provided between the second conveying section and the second gripping section. The cylinder head and the cylinder body are gripped by the transfer mechanism onto the second cylinder head conveying section and the second conveying section, and the cylinder head is installed onto the cylinder body through the second gripping section.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a vacuum drying mechanism disposed in the middle section of the first conveying section; the vacuum drying mechanism includes a working component and a vacuum tube communicating with the working component; the vacuum dryer also includes a vacuum chamber and a cover plate, and the vacuum tube communicates with the inside of the vacuum chamber through the cover plate; when the vacuum chamber and the cover plate are closed, the cylinder body and cylinder head are sealed in the vacuum chamber for vacuum drying operation.

[0014] Preferably, the vacuum chamber is disposed on a workbench, the workbench is provided with a sliding guide rail, and the vacuum chamber can be displaced based on the sliding guide rail; the cover plate is disposed on the first frame at a position corresponding to the vacuum chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the first conveying section includes a first conveying frame, a second conveying frame, and a third conveying frame. The second conveying frame is used to convey or place the cylinder. The second conveying frame is disposed between the first conveying frame and the third conveying frame, and there is a gap between the second conveying frame and the first conveying frame and the third conveying frame through which the vacuum chamber passes.

[0016] Preferably, the cover plate is further provided with a placement rack for placing the cylinder head; the vacuum chamber can move towards or away from the cover plate based on the moving guide rail, so that the vacuum chamber can be closed or opened.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes a lifting blocking mechanism disposed on the first conveying section and / or the second conveying section; the lifting blocking mechanism includes a base plate fixed to the bottom of the first conveying section and / or the second conveying section and a lifting blocking rod that moves up and down between the conveying rollers of the first conveying section and / or the second conveying section based on the base plate.

[0018] Preferably, the lifting blocking mechanism further includes a lifting cylinder and a lifting plate connected to the lifting cylinder; a sleeve is provided on the base plate, the lifting blocking rod passes through the sleeve and is connected to the lifting plate, and can follow the movement of the lifting plate to perform lifting operations under the drive of the lifting cylinder; a receiving plate is provided on the top of each pair of adjacent lifting blocking rods.

[0019] Preferably, the first cylinder head conveying section includes a conveying plate connected to the first frame via a connecting rod; the conveying plate is provided with a conveying guide rail and a receiving plate that is displaced based on the conveying guide rail by a slider; a screw is provided on one side of the conveying plate, and the conveying plate is connected to the screw via a threaded block; the second cylinder head conveying section and the first cylinder head conveying section are configured identically.

[0020] Preferably, the first gripping part moves based on a gripping guide rail disposed on the top of the first frame, and includes a gripping base plate and a gripping cylinder disposed on the gripping base plate. The gripping base plate is also provided with a plurality of gripping rods that can be lifted and displaced based on the gripping base plate. The bottom of the plurality of gripping rods is provided with a mounting plate, the piston rod of the gripping cylinder is connected to the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is provided with a plurality of gripping claws. The second gripping part and the first gripping part are configured identically.

[0021] Preferably, the gripper includes gripping teeth hinged to the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is further provided with a tooth cylinder hinged to the gripping teeth; the piston rod of the tooth cylinder is hinged to the gripping teeth to control the retraction or release of the gripping teeth.

[0022] The automatic engine assembly / disassembly device provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention automates the disassembly and assembly process of the engine block and cylinder head by incorporating a disassembly mechanism, a transfer mechanism, and a cover-closing mechanism, effectively replacing the traditional manual operation mode. This not only significantly improves the efficiency of the disassembly and assembly operations and reduces time lost due to manual intervention, but also ensures consistency and precision in the disassembly and assembly process through precise control of the mechanical structure, reducing the risk of component damage caused by human error, thereby saving production costs and providing strong support for efficient and standardized production in the engine manufacturing and repair field. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, and these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic engine assembly / disassembly device.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an automatic engine assembly / disassembly device from another angle.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an automatic engine assembly / disassembly device from another angle.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first gripping section and the first cylinder head conveying section;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first gripping section and the first cylinder head conveying section;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and blocking mechanism;

[0031] Parts and component numbers in the diagram:

[0032] 100-Disassembly mechanism, 110-First frame, 120-First conveying section, 122-First conveying frame, 123-Second conveying frame, 124-Third conveying frame, 130-First gripping section, 131-Gripping guide rail, 132-Gripping base plate, 133-Gripping cylinder, 134-Gripping rod, 135-Mounting plate, 136-Gripping claw, 137-Gripping tooth, 138-Toothed cylinder, 140-First cylinder head conveying section, 141-Connecting rod, 142-Conveying plate, 143-Conveying guide rail, 144-Receiving plate, 145-Screw, 146-Threaded block;

[0033] 200 - Transfer agency;

[0034] 300 - Cover closing mechanism, 310 - Second frame, 320 - Second conveying unit, 330 - Second gripping unit, 340 - Second cylinder head conveying unit;

[0035] 400-Vacuum drying mechanism, 410-Working components, 421-Vacuum tube, 422-Vacuum chamber, 423-Cover plate, 424-Placement rack, 430-Workbench, 431-Moving guide rail;

[0036] 500-Lifting blocking mechanism, 511-Base plate, 512-Sleeve, 513-Lifting blocking rod, 514-Lifting cylinder, 515-Lifting plate, 516-Supporting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, the element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. Where there is no conflict, embodiments of the present invention and the various features thereof can be combined with each other, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides an automatic engine assembly / disassembly device. Manual operation has many significant drawbacks in the assembly / disassembly of engine blocks and cylinder heads. From an efficiency perspective, manual assembly / disassembly requires operators to locate, disassemble, or install components one by one. This not only results in long processing times for a single unit but also makes continuous, large-scale operations difficult, severely restricting the overall progress of production or maintenance. The inefficiency is particularly pronounced in mass production scenarios.

[0040] In terms of precision, manual operation is greatly affected by subjective factors such as the operator's skill level, physical condition, and sense of responsibility, which can easily lead to problems such as misalignment during disassembly and assembly, and uneven tightening force. This can not only damage components such as the cylinder block and cylinder head, but also affect the assembly quality of the engine, thereby creating safety hazards and reducing the engine's service life and operational stability.

[0041] In terms of cost, manual operation requires a significant investment of manpower, resulting in high labor costs over the long term. Furthermore, damage to components and rework due to operational errors further increase material and time costs.

[0042] From a safety perspective, components such as engine blocks and cylinder heads are heavy, and accidents such as being crushed or bumped can easily occur during manual handling and disassembly, posing a threat to the personal safety of operators.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the provided automated engine assembly / disassembly device effectively compensates for the shortcomings of manual operation. Through automated conveying, gripping, and assembly / disassembly mechanisms, it achieves continuous and standardized work processes, significantly improving assembly / disassembly efficiency and meeting the needs of mass production and rapid maintenance. Precise control of the mechanical structure ensures consistent assembly / disassembly accuracy, reducing component damage and quality issues caused by operational errors, and guaranteeing engine assembly quality and operational safety. Furthermore, automated operation reduces reliance on manual labor, lowering labor costs and the probability of safety accidents. In the long run, it can significantly reduce overall operating costs, providing strong support for efficient, safe, and high-quality development in the engine manufacturing and maintenance field.

[0044] Specifically, please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The automatic engine assembly and disassembly device includes a disassembly mechanism 100, a transfer mechanism 200, and a cover closing mechanism 300. The transfer mechanism 200 is used to transfer the cylinder block and cylinder head in the disassembly mechanism 100 to the cover closing mechanism 300.

[0045] The disassembly mechanism 100 includes:

[0046] A first frame 110 and a first conveying section 120 and a first gripping section 130 disposed on the first frame 110, wherein a first cylinder head conveying section 140 is also provided between the first conveying section 120 and the first gripping section 130; the cylinder body enters from one end of the first conveying section 120, and the cylinder head on the cylinder body is disassembled by the first gripping section 130 and placed on the first cylinder head conveying section 140;

[0047] The closing mechanism 300 includes:

[0048] The second frame 310 and the second conveying part 320 and the second gripping part 330 are disposed on the second frame 310. A second cylinder head conveying part 340 is also provided between the second conveying part 320 and the second gripping part 330. The cylinder head and the cylinder body are gripped by the transfer mechanism 200 onto the second cylinder head conveying part 340 and the second conveying part 320, and the cylinder head is installed onto the cylinder body through the second gripping part 330.

[0049] In use, the entire engine block enters from one end of the first conveying section 120 and is transported to a preset position as the first conveying section 120 operates. Upon reaching the position, the first gripping section 130 activates, precisely gripping the cylinder head from the cylinder block and removing it, then placing it smoothly onto the first cylinder head conveying section 140. Afterward, the cylinder block continues to be transported on the first conveying section 120, while the cylinder head is simultaneously transported on the first cylinder head conveying section 140. During this transport process, a series of repair and maintenance operations can be performed on the cylinder block and cylinder head. When the cylinder block and cylinder head are processed and transported to the designated position, the transfer mechanism 200 (gripping robot) begins operation, gripping the cylinder block from the first conveying section 120 and the cylinder head from the first cylinder head conveying section 140, and transferring them respectively to the second conveying section 320 and the second cylinder head conveying section 340 of the cylinder head closing mechanism 300. Finally, after the cylinder block and cylinder head are transported to the designated position on the second conveying unit 320 and the second cylinder head conveying unit 340, the second gripping unit 330 is activated to grip the cylinder head on the second cylinder head conveying unit 340 and accurately perform the cylinder head closing operation to complete the entire assembly and disassembly process.

[0050] Based on the principle of mechanical automation control, the device achieves automatic disassembly and assembly of the engine block and cylinder head through the coordinated operation of various mechanisms.

[0051] Please see Figure 2 In the disassembly mechanism 100, the first frame 110 provides mounting support for the first conveying unit 120, the first gripping unit 130, and the first cylinder head conveying unit 140. The first conveying unit 120 is responsible for conveying the cylinder block, the first gripping unit 130 achieves precise disassembly and placement of the cylinder head through its structural design, and the first cylinder head conveying unit 140 undertakes the task of conveying the cylinder head. The transfer mechanism 200 acts as a bridge connecting the disassembly mechanism 100 and the cylinder head closing mechanism 300, accurately transferring the processed cylinder block and cylinder head using its gripping function. The working principle of the cylinder head closing mechanism 300 is similar to that of the disassembly mechanism 100. The second frame 310 supports the second conveying unit 320, the second gripping unit 330, and the second cylinder head conveying unit 340. The second conveying unit 320 conveys the cylinder block, the second cylinder head conveying unit 340 conveys the cylinder head, and the second gripping unit 330 completes the closing action of the cylinder head and cylinder block. The various mechanisms are linked through preset programs and sensors to ensure that the entire process proceeds in an orderly manner.

[0052] Specifically, compared to manual operation, this device achieves fully automated operation throughout the entire process. The continuous operation of the first conveying unit 120, the first cylinder head conveying unit 140, the second conveying unit 320, and the second cylinder head conveying unit 340, combined with the efficient actions of the first gripping unit 130, the second gripping unit 330, and the transfer mechanism 200, significantly shortens the disassembly and assembly time of a single engine block, enabling continuous and large-scale operations, and significantly improving the overall progress of production or maintenance, making it particularly suitable for mass production scenarios.

[0053] The actions of each component of the automatic disassembly device are precisely controlled by the mechanical structure. The gripping, placing, and closing actions of the first gripping part 130 and the second gripping part 330 are accurately positioned, avoiding problems such as disassembly and assembly position deviations and uneven tightening force caused by subjective factors such as the operator's skill level and physical condition during manual operation. This ensures the consistency and precision of cylinder block and cylinder head disassembly and assembly, reduces the risk of component damage, and guarantees the assembly quality of the engine.

[0054] In this embodiment, automated operations reduce reliance on a large number of manual laborers, thereby lowering long-term labor costs. Simultaneously, the high precision of the operation reduces component damage and rework caused by operational errors, thus lowering material and time costs.

[0055] Furthermore, the engine's cylinder block, cylinder head, and other components are quite heavy, and manual handling and disassembly can easily lead to safety accidents. This device uses a mechanical structure to perform gripping and transport operations, avoiding direct contact between humans and heavy components, reducing the probability of safety accidents, and ensuring the personal safety of operators.

[0056] During the transportation of cylinder blocks and cylinder heads, a series of repair and maintenance operations can be easily carried out. The structural design of the device provides ample space and convenient conditions for these additional operations, enhancing the flexibility and practicality of the device in actual applications.

[0057] Further, please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The automatic engine assembly and disassembly device further includes a vacuum drying mechanism 400 disposed in the middle section of the first conveying section 120; the vacuum drying mechanism 400 includes a working component 410 and a vacuum tube 421 communicating with the working component 410; the vacuum drying mechanism 400 also includes a vacuum chamber 422 and a cover plate 423, the vacuum tube 421 communicating with the inside of the vacuum chamber 422 through the cover plate 423; when the vacuum chamber 422 and the cover plate 423 are closed, the cylinder block and cylinder head are sealed inside the vacuum chamber 422 for vacuum drying.

[0058] Furthermore, the vacuum chamber 422 is disposed on the workbench 430, and the workbench 430 is provided with a moving guide rail 431, and the vacuum chamber 422 can be displaced based on the moving guide rail 431; the cover plate 423 is disposed on the first frame 110 at the position corresponding to the vacuum chamber 422.

[0059] Furthermore, the first conveying unit 120 includes a first conveying frame 122, a second conveying frame 123, and a third conveying frame 124. The second conveying frame 123 is used to convey or place the cylinder body. The second conveying frame 123 is disposed between the first conveying frame 122 and the third conveying frame 124, and there is a gap between the second conveying frame 122 and the third conveying frame 124 through which the vacuum chamber 422 passes.

[0060] The first conveyor frame 122, the second conveyor frame 123, and the third conveyor frame 124 are all composed of limiting plates on both sides and conveying rollers disposed between the limiting plates, with transmission connections between each pair of conveying rollers; the first conveyor frame 122, the second conveyor frame 123, and the third conveyor frame 124 are each equipped with an independent drive motor to drive the conveying rollers to rotate in order to convey the cylinder body; the only difference between the first conveyor frame 122, the second conveyor frame 123, and the third conveyor frame 124 is the length of the limiting plates, in order to adapt to the conveying of different stages.

[0061] Furthermore, the cover plate 423 is also provided with a placement rack 424 for placing the cylinder head; the vacuum chamber 422 can move towards or away from the cover plate 423 based on the moving guide rail 431, so that the vacuum chamber 422 can be closed or opened.

[0062] Furthermore, the frame at the location of the vacuum drying mechanism 400 is also equipped with a third gripping part and a third cylinder head conveying part.

[0063] In use, during the process of the engine block and cylinder head being separated by the first gripping part 130 and synchronously transported by the first conveying part 120 and the first cylinder head conveying part 140 respectively, when the two reach the vacuum drying mechanism 400 in the middle of the first conveying part 120, the cylinder head is gripped onto the placement frame 424 by the third gripping part, and the cylinder block is transported to the second conveying frame 123 along with the first conveying frame 122; while the cylinder block is moved to the second conveying frame 123 by the first conveying frame 122.

[0064] Then the vacuum drying mechanism 400 is started to operate; first, the vacuum chamber 422 located on the workbench 430 moves towards the cover plate 423 based on the moving guide rail 431, and passes through the gap between the second conveyor frame 123 and the first conveyor frame 122 and the second conveyor frame 123, until it closes with the cover plate 423 located at the corresponding position on the first frame 110. At this time, the cylinder body and cylinder head are sealed in the vacuum chamber 422.

[0065] Subsequently, the working component 410 is activated, and a vacuuming operation is performed inside the vacuum chamber 422 through the vacuum tube 421 (which is connected to the inside of the vacuum chamber 422 through the cover plate 423), so that a vacuum environment is formed inside the vacuum chamber 422, thereby performing vacuum drying operations on the cylinder block and cylinder head.

[0066] The working component 410 provides power support for the entire drying process. The vacuum tube 421 serves as a channel connecting the working component 410 and the vacuum chamber 422. Under the action of the working component 410, the air inside the vacuum chamber 422 is extracted, creating a low-pressure vacuum environment. In a vacuum, the boiling point of water decreases, and residual moisture or other volatile substances on the cylinder and cylinder head can evaporate rapidly at a lower temperature, thus achieving a drying effect. In a vacuum, the ambient pressure decreases, and the boiling point of water decreases accordingly. Water that normally requires heating to 100°C to boil can vaporize at a lower temperature in a low-pressure environment (for example, when the pressure drops to approximately 6.4 kPa, the boiling point of water is only 40°C). Utilizing this characteristic, the vacuum hood in the vacuum drying moving mechanism seals the cleaned cylinder inside. The working component 410 reduces the pressure inside the hood, causing residual moisture on the cylinder surface and complex structures (such as internal holes, blind holes, and threaded grooves) to vaporize rapidly at low temperatures. The vaporized water vapor is promptly removed by the vacuum pipe, thus achieving complete removal of moisture from the cylinder surface and interior.

[0067] After drying, the vacuum chamber 422 moves away from the cover plate 423 based on the moving guide rail 431, opening the vacuum chamber 422; the cylinder head is gripped by the third gripping part to the third cylinder head conveying part, and the cylinder body is conveyed to the third conveying frame 124 by the start of the second conveying frame 123 and moved to the preset position; then the cylinder body and cylinder head are transferred to the closing mechanism 300 by the transfer mechanism 200 for closing operation.

[0068] Specifically, compared to traditional methods such as natural air drying or hot air drying, vacuum drying utilizes a low-pressure environment to accelerate moisture evaporation, significantly shortening drying time and improving drying efficiency. Simultaneously, moisture evaporation is more uniform under vacuum, penetrating deep into gaps and holes in the cylinder block and cylinder head, resulting in more thorough drying and avoiding the problem of localized residual moisture.

[0069] The vacuum drying mechanism 400 is located in the middle of the first conveying section 120. It can complete the drying operation simultaneously during the conveying process after the cylinder block and cylinder head are disassembled. There is no need to transfer the parts to special drying equipment for processing. This realizes the integration of disassembly and drying process, reduces intermediate links, and improves the overall efficiency of the entire engine assembly and disassembly operation.

[0070] Specifically, in the traditional engine block and cylinder head repair or assembly process, disassembly, drying, and cap assembly are often independent steps, requiring frequent transfer of components between different equipment or workstations, resulting in long waiting times and fragmented processes. Integrating the drying operation into the conveying process enables a continuous operation mode where drying occurs simultaneously with conveying. From the completion of disassembly to the cap assembly stage, the cylinder block and cylinder head require no picking or placing; drying is completed simply by stopping on the conveyor mechanism, significantly reducing the overall work cycle.

[0071] Taking batch processing scenarios as an example, assuming that the conveying time of a single component is roughly matched with the drying time, then processing each component can save the waiting time for individual drying in the traditional mode. As the number of components processed increases, the cumulative time saved is considerable, significantly improving the throughput of the production line or maintenance line.

[0072] Traditional drying methods require dedicated drying equipment and storage space, necessitating separate areas for drying components. This poses a significant challenge for production workshops or maintenance stations with limited space. However, integrating the drying mechanism into the conveyor path eliminates the need for additional drying areas. The vacuum drying mechanism 400 is organically integrated with the conveyor unit, fully utilizing the space during transport and reducing the equipment's footprint. Simultaneously, it avoids the need for passageways between different areas, resulting in a more compact and rational overall layout and improved workshop space utilization.

[0073] The drying process during transport can be precisely matched with the rhythm of the entire assembly and disassembly process. Since the cylinder block and cylinder head are in a relatively stable state during transport, the vacuum chamber 422 can complete a series of actions such as closing, vacuuming, drying, and opening at specific transport locations and times according to a preset program, ensuring consistency in parameters such as drying time and vacuum level. This standardized operating mode avoids the problem of inconsistent drying quality caused by inconsistent drying time control and environmental fluctuations in traditional manual operations, ensuring that each cylinder block and cylinder head receives the same quality of drying treatment, providing a stable foundation for subsequent head closing and engine operation.

[0074] In this embodiment, the traditional discrete process framework of "disassembly-transfer-drying-transfer-closing" is broken through, and the drying process is creatively embedded into the conveying process, realizing the organic integration of the three core processes of disassembly, conveying, and drying. This integrated design is not a simple superposition of equipment, but rather, through precise planning of the timing of each step and collaborative design of the mechanical structure, the conveying process simultaneously undertakes the dual functions of material transportation and drying carrier, constructing a continuous and efficient integrated operation system, and redefining the process mode of engine block and cylinder head assembly and disassembly.

[0075] In traditional drying methods, time and space are often separated, with drying requiring dedicated time and space resources. This design, however, employs a "convey-dry simultaneously" model, deeply coupling the time-dimensional transportation process with the spatial-dimensional drying operation. This transforms the time cost of transportation into effective drying time, and the space along the transportation path into the drying workspace. This collaborative optimization breaks down the barriers between time and space, maximizing resource utilization and representing a revolutionary change in the time-space utilization concept of traditional drying operations.

[0076] To ensure precise drying during the conveying process, the vacuum drying mechanism 400 requires highly coordinated automated control with components such as the conveying and gripping parts. By monitoring the position information of the cylinder block and cylinder head in real time through sensors, the control system precisely regulates the movement of the vacuum chamber 422, the closing of the cover plate 423, and the start and stop of vacuuming according to a preset algorithm, ensuring a perfect match between the drying operation and the conveying rhythm. This multi-mechanism, multi-stage automated collaborative control technology overcomes the limitations of traditional drying equipment operating independently and struggling to coordinate with other components, enhancing the overall intelligence level of the device and demonstrating a deep integration of mechanical design and automatic control technology.

[0077] Traditional drying requires transferring the cylinder block and cylinder head from the conveyor line to the drying equipment, and then returning them to the conveyor line after completion, adding extra transfer and waiting time. In contrast, drying during transport achieves a seamless "transfer-drying" connection. The cylinder block and cylinder head are dried simultaneously as they move on the first conveyor section 120, without interrupting the conveyor process or requiring additional transfers. This effectively "embeds" the drying time into the conveyor cycle, making the overall operation more efficient.

[0078] For example, if a single drying and transfer takes 10 minutes, the vacuum drying in this embodiment can save at least 20 minutes of transfer time. In this case, the entire process does not require additional transfer time, which greatly improves the efficiency of the whole process and is especially suitable for batch continuous production scenarios.

[0079] Furthermore, the drying setup during transport allows for a positive interaction between the low-temperature vacuum environment and the component transport. Since there's no need to increase the drying temperature to meet deadlines (sufficient drying window is reserved during transport time), the temperature conditions within the vacuum chamber 422 can be strictly controlled. This ensures drying efficiency while minimizing the impact of high temperatures on the precision structures of the cylinder block and cylinder head. Simultaneously, after drying, the vacuum chamber 422 automatically opens in sync with the transport rhythm, allowing the component to directly enter the next stage. This avoids the extra step of cooling the component after drying due to excessive temperature before retransfer, as is common in traditional methods. This protects component performance and maintains the high efficiency of the process.

[0080] Further, please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 The automatic engine assembly and disassembly device further includes a lifting blocking mechanism 500 disposed on the first conveying section 120 and / or the second conveying section 320; the lifting blocking mechanism 500 includes a base plate 511 fixed to the bottom of the first conveying section 120 and / or the second conveying section 320 and a lifting blocking rod 513 that moves up and down between the conveying rollers of the first conveying section 120 and / or the second conveying section 320 based on the base plate 511.

[0081] Further, please see Figure 6 The lifting blocking mechanism 500 further includes a lifting cylinder 514 and a lifting plate 515 connected to the lifting cylinder 514; a sleeve 512 is provided on the base plate 511, and the lifting blocking rod 513 passes through the sleeve 512 and is connected to the lifting plate 515, and can follow the movement of the lifting plate 515 under the drive of the lifting cylinder 514 to perform lifting operations; a second receiving plate 516 is provided on the top of each pair of adjacent lifting blocking rods 513.

[0082] The lifting and blocking mechanism 500 lifts and blocks the engine block through the drive of the lifting cylinder 514. The specific usage is as follows:

[0083] When the engine block is conveyed to a preset position (such as the position where the first gripping part 130 grips the cylinder head, or the position where the transfer mechanism 200 grips the cylinder block) on the conveying rollers of the first conveying part 120 or the second conveying part 320, the lifting cylinder 514 is activated, and its piston rod drives the lifting plate 515 to rise. Since the lifting stop bar 513 passes through the sleeve 512 on the base plate 511 and is connected to the lifting plate 515, the rise of the lifting plate 515 will drive the lifting stop bar 513 to rise synchronously. The lifting stop bar 513 extends out from the gap between the conveying rollers, and the second receiving plate 516 at the top is lifted and contacts the bottom of the cylinder block, lifting the cylinder block off the conveying rollers so that the cylinder block is no longer moved with the conveying part and is stably stopped at the preset position so that the first gripping part 130, the second gripping part 330 or the transfer mechanism 200 can accurately grip the cylinder head or the cylinder block.

[0084] After the gripping operation is completed, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 514 retracts, causing the lifting plate 515 to descend. The lifting stop bar 513 and the second receiving plate 516 also descend accordingly, and the cylinder body falls back onto the conveyor roller, continuing to be conveyed forward with the conveyor unit. In addition, during the lifting process, the lifting stop bar 513 rises to a height higher than the surface of the conveyor roller, which can block other components that may be conveyed later, preventing them from sliding into the work area due to inertia and interfering with the current operation.

[0085] The lifting and blocking mechanism 500 can accurately lift and fix the cylinder in a preset position, preventing the cylinder from shifting on the conveying roller due to inertia or vibration. This ensures that the first gripping part 130, the transfer mechanism 200, etc., can be accurately aligned and gripped, improving the accuracy and success rate of gripping operations and reducing gripping failures or component damage caused by positional deviations.

[0086] During the lifting cylinder block grabbing operation, the lifting stop bar 513, once raised, effectively blocks subsequent components, preventing them from sliding into the work area and colliding with the cylinder block or mechanism currently in operation. This avoids safety hazards caused by slippage and ensures the safety of the equipment and components. Simultaneously, the second receiving plate 516 has a large contact area with the bottom of the cylinder block, providing stable support and preventing the cylinder block from swaying or tipping over during lifting. The lifting and lowering actions of the lifting stop mechanism 500 can be precisely coordinated with the operating rhythm of the first grabbing unit 130, the transfer mechanism 200, etc. By controlling the lifting and lowering timing through a preset program, a continuous process of conveying, lifting and fixing, grabbing, and lowering for continued conveying is achieved. This ensures orderly coordination between the various mechanisms, improving the automation level and operating efficiency of the entire automatic engine assembly and disassembly device.

[0087] Further, please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first cylinder head conveying section 140 includes a conveying plate 142 connected to the first frame 110 via a connecting rod 141; the conveying plate 142 is provided with a conveying guide rail 143 and a first receiving plate 144 that is displaced based on the conveying guide rail 143 by a slider; a screw 145 is provided on one side of the conveying plate 142, and the conveying plate 142 is connected to the screw 145 via a threaded block 146;

[0088] The first cylinder head conveying unit 140 is connected to the first frame 110 via a connecting rod 141, achieving overall fixed installation and ensuring the stability of the conveying process. The conveying operation begins after the first gripping unit 130 places the disassembled cylinder head onto the first receiving plate 144.

[0089] The screw 145 on one side of the conveyor plate 142 begins to rotate under the drive of a power device (such as a motor). Since the conveyor plate 142 is connected to the screw 145 through a threaded block 146, the rotation of the screw 145 is converted into the linear motion of the threaded block 146, which in turn drives the first receiving plate 144 to move along the conveyor guide rail 143 on the conveyor plate 142 via a slider. By controlling the rotation direction of the screw 145, the first receiving plate 144 can move back and forth along the conveyor guide rail 143, thereby conveying the cylinder head placed on the first receiving plate 144 to a preset position, such as a position that is easy for the transfer mechanism 200 to grasp, or a position that is synchronously conveyed with the cylinder body on the first conveying section 120, in order to cooperate with subsequent vacuum drying or transfer operations.

[0090] Once the cylinder head is transported to the target position, the screw 145 stops rotating, and the first receiving plate 144 stops moving, awaiting subsequent operations. If the position of the first receiving plate 144 needs to be adjusted to accommodate different cylinder head specifications or different operational requirements, the position of the first receiving plate 144 on the conveying guide rail 143 can be precisely adjusted by controlling the number of rotations of the screw 145, ensuring accurate conveying.

[0091] The second cylinder head conveying section 340, the third cylinder head conveying section, and the first cylinder head conveying section 140 are configured identically.

[0092] Further, please see Figure 4 The first gripping unit 130 moves based on the gripping guide rail 131 disposed on the top of the first frame 110, and includes a gripping base plate 132 and a gripping cylinder 133 disposed on the gripping base plate 132. The gripping base plate 132 is also provided with a plurality of gripping rods 134 that can be raised and lowered based on the gripping base plate 132. The bottom of the plurality of gripping rods 134 is provided with a mounting plate 135. The piston rod of the gripping cylinder 133 is connected to the mounting plate 135. The mounting plate 135 is provided with a plurality of gripping claws 136.

[0093] Furthermore, the gripper 136 includes gripping teeth 137 hinged to the mounting plate 135, and the mounting plate 135 is also provided with a tooth cylinder 138 hinged to the gripping teeth 137; the piston rod of the tooth cylinder 138 is hinged to the gripping teeth 137 to control the retraction or release of the gripping teeth 137.

[0094] After the engine block is transported by the first conveying unit 120 to the preset cylinder head removal position, the first gripping unit 130 begins to operate. The first gripping unit 130 moves to directly above the cylinder block based on the gripping guide rail 131 on the top of the first frame 110. Then, the gripping cylinder 133 on the gripping base plate 132 is activated, its piston rod extends, causing several gripping rods 134 connected to the mounting plate 135 to move downwards, bringing the gripping claws 136 on the mounting plate 135 closer to the cylinder head. At this time, the toothed cylinder 138 on the mounting plate 135 actuates, its piston rod retracts, causing the gripping teeth 137 hinged to it to close, thereby firmly gripping the cylinder head.

[0095] After the first gripping unit 130 grips the cylinder head, the piston rod of the gripping cylinder 133 retracts, causing the mounting plate 135 and gripping claw 136 to rise via the gripping rod 134, thus removing the cylinder head from the cylinder block. Next, the first gripping unit 130 moves along the gripping guide rail 131 to above the first receiving plate 144 of the first cylinder head conveying unit 140. The gripping cylinder 133 then drives the gripping rod 134 to descend, bringing the cylinder head closer to the first receiving plate 144. Subsequently, the piston rod of the toothed cylinder 138 extends, releasing the gripping teeth 137 and placing the cylinder head smoothly onto the first receiving plate 144 of the first cylinder head conveying unit 140.

[0096] Subsequently, the first cylinder head conveying unit 140 starts the conveying operation. The screw 145 on one side of the conveying plate 142 rotates under the drive of a power unit (such as a motor). Since the conveying plate 142 is connected to the screw 145 via a threaded block 146, the rotation of the screw 145 is converted into the linear motion of the threaded block 146, which in turn drives the first receiving plate 144 to move along the conveying guide rail 143 on the conveying plate 142 via a slider. By controlling the rotation direction of the screw 145, the first receiving plate 144 moves back and forth along the conveying guide rail 143, conveying the cylinder head to a preset position, such as a position that is synchronously conveyed with the cylinder block on the first conveying unit 120 to coordinate with the vacuum drying operation, or a position that is convenient for the transfer mechanism 200 to grasp.

[0097] Once the cylinder head is delivered to the target position, the screw 145 stops rotating, and the first receiving plate 144 stops moving, awaiting subsequent mechanism operation. If the position needs to be adjusted to accommodate different cylinder head specifications or operational requirements, the position of the first receiving plate 144 can be precisely adjusted by controlling the number of rotations of the screw 145, ensuring accurate delivery.

[0098] The second gripping unit 330, the third gripping unit, and the first gripping unit 130 are configured identically.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic engine assembly / disassembly device, characterized in that, It includes a disassembly mechanism (100), a transfer mechanism (200), and a closing mechanism (300), wherein the transfer mechanism (200) is used to transfer the cylinder block and cylinder head in the disassembly mechanism (100) to the closing mechanism (300); The disassembly mechanism (100) includes: The first frame (110) includes a first conveying section (120) and a first gripping section (130) disposed on the first frame (110). A first cylinder head conveying section (140) is also provided between the first conveying section (120) and the first gripping section (130). The cylinder body enters from one end of the first conveying section (120), and the cylinder head on the cylinder body is disassembled by the first gripping section (130) and placed on the first cylinder head conveying section (140). The closing mechanism (300) includes: The second frame (310) and the second conveying part (320) and the second gripping part (330) are disposed on the second frame (310). A second cylinder head conveying part (340) is also provided between the second conveying part (320) and the second gripping part (330). The cylinder head and the cylinder body are gripped by the transfer mechanism (200) onto the second cylinder head conveying part (340) and the second conveying part (320), and the cylinder head is installed onto the cylinder body through the second gripping part (330).

2. The automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vacuum drying mechanism (400) disposed in the middle section of the first conveying section (120); The vacuum drying mechanism (400) includes a working component (410) and a vacuum tube (421) connected to the working component (410); The vacuum drying mechanism (400) further includes a vacuum chamber (422) and a cover plate (423), and the vacuum tube (421) is connected to the vacuum chamber (422) through the cover plate (423); When the vacuum chamber (422) and the cover plate (423) are closed, the cylinder body and cylinder cover are sealed in the vacuum chamber (422) for vacuum drying.

3. The automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vacuum chamber (422) is disposed on the worktable (430), and the worktable (430) is provided with a moving guide rail (431), and the vacuum chamber (422) can be displaced based on the moving guide rail (431); The cover plate (423) is disposed on the first frame (110) at the position corresponding to the vacuum chamber (422).

4. The automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first conveying unit (120) includes a first conveying frame (122), a second conveying frame (123) and a third conveying frame (124), wherein the second conveying frame (123) is used to convey or place the cylinder body; The second conveyor (123) is disposed between the first conveyor (122) and the third conveyor (124), and there is a gap between the second and the first conveyor (122) and the third conveyor (124) through which the vacuum chamber (422) passes.

5. An automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cover plate (423) is also provided with a mounting rack (424) for placing the cylinder head; The vacuum chamber (422) can move toward or away from the cover plate (423) based on the moving guide rail (431) so that the vacuum chamber (422) can be closed or opened.

6. The automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lifting blocking mechanism (500) disposed on the first conveying section (120) and / or the second conveying section (320); The lifting blocking mechanism (500) includes a base plate (511) fixed to the bottom of the first conveying section (120) and / or the second conveying section (320) and a lifting blocking rod (513) that moves up and down between the conveying rollers of the first conveying section (120) and / or the second conveying section (320) based on the base plate (511).

7. An automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting blocking mechanism (500) further includes a lifting cylinder (514) and a lifting plate (515) connected to the lifting cylinder (514); The base plate (511) is provided with a sleeve (512), and the lifting blocking rod (513) passes through the sleeve (512) and is connected to the lifting plate (515), and can follow the movement of the lifting plate (515) to perform lifting operations under the drive of the lifting cylinder (514). The top of each pair of adjacent lifting stop bars (513) is provided with a second receiving plate (516).

8. An automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cylinder head conveying section (140) includes a conveying plate (142) connected to the first frame (110) via a connecting rod (141); The conveying plate (142) is provided with a conveying guide rail (143) and a first receiving plate (144) that is displaced based on the conveying guide rail (143) by a slider; A screw (145) is provided on one side of the conveying plate (142), and the conveying plate (142) is connected to the screw (145) through a threaded block (146); The second cylinder head conveying section (340) and the first cylinder head conveying section (140) are configured identically.

9. An automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gripping unit (130) moves based on the gripping guide rail (131) disposed on the top of the first frame (110), and includes a gripping base plate (132) and a gripping cylinder (133) disposed on the gripping base plate (132). The gripping base plate (132) is also provided with a plurality of gripping rods (134) that can be lifted and displaced based on the gripping base plate (132). A mounting plate (135) is provided at the bottom of several gripping rods (134), the piston rod of the gripping cylinder (133) is connected to the mounting plate (135), and a plurality of gripping claws (136) are provided on the mounting plate (135). The second gripping unit (330) and the first gripping unit (130) are configured identically.

10. An automatic engine assembly / disassembly device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The gripper (136) includes gripping teeth (137) hinged to the mounting plate (135), and the mounting plate (135) is also provided with a toothed cylinder (138) hinged to the gripping teeth (137). The piston rod of the gear cylinder (138) is hinged to the gripping teeth (137) to control the retraction or release of the gripping teeth (137).

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