Automatic loading and unloading system and method for open-top truck

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic material loading and unloading systems of open top truck, it is related to the technical field of loading and unloading truss.It includes transport piece, the transport piece includes truss, transmission group and transmission mechanism, the truss includes two groups of cross arrangement steel beams, one group of steel beams is movably connected with another group of steel beams, the transmission group includes three groups of four kinds, and can drive truss use, transmission mechanism is correspondingly arranged with transmission group, the guide rail and rack in the first flat guide rail rack transmission mechanism and the fourth V-shaped guide rail rack transmission mechanism are integrated, the use of parts can be reduced in production process, the flat guide rail rack, V-shaped guide rail rack, flat guide rail rack and steel beam can be modularized pre-assembled in assembly process, the difficulty of equipment installation can be effectively reduced, and the integrated parts can reduce equipment matching error and improve equipment operation precision, so as to effectively improve the use reliability of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of loading and unloading truss technology, specifically to an automatic material loading and unloading system and method for open-top trucks. Background Technology

[0002] A truss is a structure composed of members connected at both ends by hinges, used for transporting goods. Trusses are planar or spatial structures generally composed of straight members and triangular units. Truss members primarily bear axial tension or compression, thus making full use of the material's strength. For large spans, they can save material compared to solid-web beams, reducing weight and increasing stiffness. The advantages of trusses are that the members primarily bear tension or compression, fully utilizing the material's potential, saving material, and reducing structural weight. Common types include steel trusses, reinforced concrete trusses, prestressed concrete trusses, timber trusses, steel-timber composite trusses, and steel-concrete composite trusses.

[0003] Currently, existing trusses are all automatically integrated and assembled in workshops with strict tolerances. For example, the vehicle loading and unloading truss disclosed by the State Intellectual Property Office (CN220641656U) uses conventional linear guide racks. With the needs of modern transportation systems, the trusses formed by strict coordination are difficult to maintain or change during later use due to their initially fixed working conditions. They lack flexibility and only use a single truss assembly scheme to achieve the purpose of truss handling of goods. The method of clamping the goods by suction poses a high risk of transfer danger, and there is no significant improvement on the defects of the truss operation itself. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic material loading and unloading system for open-top trucks to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic material loading and unloading system for an open-top truck, comprising a transport component, the transport component including a truss, a transmission group, and a transmission mechanism; the truss including two sets of intersecting steel beams, one set of steel beams being movably connected to the other set of steel beams; the transmission group including three sets of four types, all of which can drive the truss; and the transmission mechanism corresponding to the transmission group; the open-top truck being a loading and unloading vehicle used in conjunction with the transport component for transporting bagged objects; and a conveyor belt used in conjunction with the transport component for transporting bagged objects; a robotic arm movably connected to one side of the steel beams, the robotic arm being used for transporting and transferring bagged goods between the loading and unloading vehicle and the conveyor belt.

[0006] This technical solution also provides an automatic material loading and unloading method for open-top trucks, including the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Select the transmission assembly and transmission mechanism;

[0008] Step S11: Transmission is carried out through a flat guide rail rack and pinion drive assembly for transmission under high operating precision conditions;

[0009] Step S12: Transmission is performed via a flat guide rail and rack and pinion drive assembly for use under normal operating conditions;

[0010] Step S13: Transmission is carried out through a rectangular guide rail and a rack and pinion drive assembly for transmission under high operating efficiency conditions;

[0011] Step S14: Transmission is carried out through a V-shaped guide rail rack and pinion drive assembly for use under high acceleration conditions;

[0012] Step S2: Use the transmission assembly and transmission mechanism to operate the robotic arm to transport bagged goods between the loading and unloading vehicle and the conveyor belt;

[0013] Step S3: Repeat the transportation operation until the bagged goods are transferred.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the transmission mechanism includes a flat guide rail rack mechanism, a flat guide rail and rack mechanism, a rectangular guide rail mechanism, and a V-type rack transmission mechanism; the transmission group includes a flat guide rail rack transmission group, a flat guide rail and rack transmission group, a rectangular guide rail and rack transmission group, and a V-type rack transmission group.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the steel beam includes a first X-axis steel beam, a second X-axis steel beam and a movable frame, one side of the movable frame is movably connected to the first X-axis steel beam through a transmission assembly, and the other side of the movable frame is movably connected to the second X-axis steel beam through a transmission assembly.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the flat guide rack transmission assembly includes a first flat guide rack X-axis steel beam, a second flat guide rack X-axis steel beam, and a flat guide rack movable frame. A first flat guide rack is fixedly installed on one side of the first flat guide rack X-axis steel beam, and a second flat guide rack is fixedly installed on one side of the second flat guide rack X-axis steel beam. Flat guide rollers are internally connected to the movable frame of the flat guide rack. These flat guide rollers are arranged in pairs and movably connected to either the first or second flat guide rack. A first flat guide rack meshing gear is connected to one side of the movable frame of the flat guide rack, and a second flat guide rack meshing gear is connected to the other side of the movable frame. The first flat guide rack meshing gear meshes with the first flat guide rack, and the second flat guide rack meshing gear meshes with the second flat guide rack.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the flat guide rail and rack transmission assembly includes a first X-axis steel beam, a second X-axis steel beam, and a movable frame. A first flat guide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the first X-axis steel beam, and a first rack is fixedly connected to one side of the first flat guide rail. A second flat guide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the second X-axis steel beam, and a second rack is fixedly connected to one side of the second flat guide rail. Both ends of the movable frame are connected to flat rollers. One set of flat rollers is movably connected to the first flat guide rail, and the other set of flat rollers is movably connected to the second flat guide rail. A first gear is movably connected to one side of the movable frame, and a second gear is movably connected to the other side of the movable frame. The first gear meshes with the first rack, and the second gear meshes with the second rack.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the rectangular guide rail and rack transmission assembly includes a first cuboid X-axis steel beam, a second cuboid X-axis steel beam, and a cuboid movable frame. A first rectangular guide rail is fixedly installed on one side of the first cuboid X-axis steel beam, and a first cuboid rack is fixedly installed on the other side of the first cuboid X-axis steel beam. A second rectangular guide rail is fixedly installed on one side of the second cuboid X-axis steel beam, and a second cuboid rack is fixedly installed on the other side of the second cuboid X-axis steel beam. A first cuboid flat roller is rotatably connected to one side of the cuboid movable frame, and the first cuboid flat roller is rotatably connected to the first rectangular guide rail. A second cuboid flat roller is rotatably connected to the other side of the cuboid movable frame, and the second cuboid flat roller is rotatably connected to the second rectangular guide rail. A first cuboid gear is rotatably connected to one side of the cuboid movable frame, and the first cuboid gear meshes with the first cuboid rack. A second cuboid gear is rotatably connected to the other side of the cuboid movable frame, and the second cuboid gear meshes with the second cuboid rack.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the V-shaped rack and pinion transmission assembly includes a first X-axis V-shaped guide rail rack steel beam, a second X-axis flat guide rail rack steel beam, and a V-shaped guide rail movable frame. A first V-shaped guide rail rack is fixedly connected to one side of the first X-axis V-shaped guide rail rack steel beam, and a second flat guide rail rack is fixedly connected to one side of the second X-axis flat guide rail rack steel beam. V-shaped rollers and flat rollers are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame. One set of V-shaped rollers is movably connected to the V-shaped guide rail rack, and the other set of flat rollers is movably connected to the second flat guide rail rack. A first gear is rotatably connected to one side of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame, and a second gear is rotatably connected to the other side of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame. The first gear meshes with the first V-shaped guide rail rack, and the second gear meshes with the second flat guide rail rack.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: each flat roller is sealed and embedded inside its corresponding steel beam and movable frame.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention: the width of the first rack is greater than that of the first flat guide rail, and the width of the second rack is greater than that of the second flat guide rail.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention: each transmission assembly is provided with three flat rollers, and the three flat rollers in the assembly are tangent to the outer side wall of the guide rail.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention, the contact points between each rack and gear are subjected to heat treatment.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. Since the flat guide rail and rack in the first and second flat guide rail racks are integrated, the number of parts used can be reduced in the production process of the flat guide rail and rack combination for loading and unloading vehicles. During the assembly process, the flat guide rail rack can be directly installed on the steel beam, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of equipment installation. Furthermore, the integrated parts can reduce equipment fit errors and improve equipment operating accuracy, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0026] 2. Since the width of the first flat guide rail is smaller than that of the first rack and the width of the second flat guide rail is smaller than that of the second rack, the use of thin flat guide rails and widened racks for installation and combination makes it easier to install the flat guide rails and racks. The flat guide rails and racks are processed separately, which solves the problem of needing to process steps when processing them as a whole, and reduces the processing difficulty.

[0027] 3. In rectangular guide rail assemblies, compared with linear guide rail slider transmission, the use of rectangular guide rail assemblies with roller transmission can have better high speed and high acceleration characteristics. This allows the rectangular guide rail assemblies to achieve higher maximum acceleration and maximum speed during use, making them more suitable for working environments with high efficiency requirements.

[0028] 4. The four gantry structures require two X-axis guide rails to be parallel, but in actual installation, strict parallelism cannot be achieved. The four transmission structures mentioned above can achieve millimeter-level adjustment according to the needs of the installation site. Compared with the existing structures in the market that use dual X-axis linear guide rail sliders, which can only achieve micrometer-level adjustment, the adjustment range is greatly increased, which facilitates debugging and installation and provides operational redundancy. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the flat guide rail rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the flat guide rail rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the flat guide rail and rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the flat guide rail and rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view at point D;

[0037] Figure 9 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged view at point E in the middle;

[0038] Figure 10 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged view at point F;

[0039] Figure 11 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the rectangular guide rail and rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 Enlarged view of point G in the middle;

[0041] Figure 13 This is the second schematic diagram of the rectangular guide rail and rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 14 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 Enlarged view of point H in the middle;

[0043] Figure 15 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 Enlarged view of point I in the middle;

[0044] Figure 16 This is the third schematic diagram of the rectangular guide rail and rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 17 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16 Enlarged view of point J in the middle;

[0046] Figure 18 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16 Enlarged view at point K;

[0047] Figure 19This is a schematic diagram of the V-shaped guide rail rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0048] Figure 20 Embodiments of the present invention Figure 19 Enlarged view at point M;

[0049] Figure 21 This is the second schematic diagram of the flat guide rail and rack and pinion transmission assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 22 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 21 Enlarged view of point P in the middle;

[0051] Figure 23 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 21 Enlarged view of point Q;

[0052] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transport component, loading and unloading vehicle, and conveyor belt in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transport component, loading and unloading vehicle, and pallet in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] In the picture:

[0055] 1. Flat guide rail rack and pinion drive assembly;

[0056] 11. First flat guide rack X-axis steel beam; 12. Flat guide roller; 13. First flat guide rack; 14. First flat guide rack meshing gear; 15. Second flat guide rack; 16. Second flat guide rack X-axis steel beam; 17. Second flat guide rack meshing gear; 18. Flat guide rack movable frame;

[0057] 2. Flat guide rail and rack and pinion drive assembly;

[0058] 21. First X-axis steel beam; 22. Flat roller; 23. First flat guide rail; 24. First gear; 25. First rack; 26. Second flat guide rail; 27. Second X-axis steel beam; 28. Second rack; 29. ​​Second gear; 20. Movable frame;

[0059] 3. Rectangular guide rail and rack and pinion drive assembly;

[0060] 31. First cuboid X-axis steel beam; 32. First cuboid flat roller; 33. First rectangular guide rail; 34. First cuboid rack; 35. Second cuboid rack; 36. Second rectangular guide rail; 37. Second cuboid flat roller; 38. First cuboid gear; 39. Second cuboid gear; 310. Second cuboid X-axis steel beam; 30. Cuboid movable frame;

[0061] 4. V-shaped guide rail rack and pinion transmission assembly.

[0062] 41. First X-axis V-shaped guide rail rack steel beam; 42. V-shaped roller; 43. First V-shaped guide rail rack; 44. Flat roller; 45. First gear; 46. Second flat guide rail rack; 47. Second X-axis flat guide rail rack steel beam; 48. Second gear; 40. V-shaped guide rail movable frame Detailed Implementation

[0063] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 19 This invention discloses an automatic material loading and unloading system for an open-top truck, comprising a transport component and a conveyor belt. The transport component includes a truss, a transmission assembly, and a transmission mechanism. The truss includes two sets of intersecting steel beams, one set of which is movably connected to the other. The transmission assembly includes three sets of four types, the first type being...

[0065] All of them can drive the truss, and the transmission mechanism and transmission group are set accordingly; the open-top truck is a loading and unloading vehicle and is used to transport bagged objects in conjunction with the transport components;

[0066] Therefore, bagged goods can be transported from loading and unloading vehicles to conveyor belts via transport components (i.e., trusses and robotic arms as the main working parts, the working methods and steps are detailed in the following embodiments).

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 11 , Figure 13 , Figure 16 and Figure 19 This automated material loading and unloading system includes a truss, a transmission group, and a transmission mechanism. The truss includes two sets of intersecting steel beams, one set of which is movably connected to the other. The transmission group includes three sets of four types, all of which can drive the truss. The transmission mechanism is correspondingly configured with the transmission group, namely the four schemes present in this application, including a flat guide rail rack mechanism, a flat guide rail and rack mechanism, a rectangular guide rail mechanism, and a V-shaped guide rail mechanism. Since the transmission group includes flat guide rail rack transmission group 1, flat guide rail and rack transmission group 2, rectangular guide rail and rack transmission group 3, and V-shaped guide rail rack transmission group, the matching combination of the transmission group and the transmission mechanism is as follows:

[0068] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The flat guide rail rack and pinion drive mechanism and the flat guide rail rack and pinion drive group 1 are matched;

[0069] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The flat guide rail is matched with the rack and pinion transmission mechanism and the flat guide rail is matched with the rack and pinion transmission group 2;

[0070] Reference Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 The rectangular guide rail transmission mechanism and the rectangular guide rail are matched with the rack and pinion transmission group 3;

[0071] Reference Figure 19 , Figure 20 The V-shaped guide rail rack and pinion transmission mechanism is matched with the V-shaped guide rail rack and pinion transmission group 4;

[0072] Specifically, each has its own matching usage methods, including

[0073] Step S1: Select the transmission assembly and transmission mechanism;

[0074] Step S11: Transmission is carried out through the flat guide rail rack and pinion drive assembly 1 for transmission under high operating accuracy conditions;

[0075] Step S12: Transmission is performed via the flat guide rail and rack and pinion drive assembly 2 for use under normal operating conditions;

[0076] Step S13: Transmission is carried out through the rectangular guide rail and the rack and pinion drive assembly 3 for transmission under high operating efficiency conditions;

[0077] Step S14: Transmission is carried out through a V-shaped guide rail rack and pinion drive assembly for use under high acceleration conditions;

[0078] Step S2: Use the transmission assembly and transmission mechanism to operate the robotic arm to transport bagged goods between the loading and unloading vehicle and the conveyor belt;

[0079] Step S3: Repeat the transportation operation until the bagged goods are transferred.

[0080] Furthermore, all four combinations mentioned above serve loading and unloading operations for bagged goods. In other words, the truss can transfer bagged goods stored on conveyor belts, in warehouses, and other locations to loading and unloading vehicles in actual production applications, or vice versa, transfer bagged goods inside the loading and unloading vehicles to other locations.

[0081] Furthermore, the above four combinations have a common structure, namely, a steel beam including a first X-axis steel beam, a second X-axis steel beam, and a movable frame. One side of the movable frame is movably connected to the first X-axis steel beam through a transmission assembly, and the other side of the movable frame is movably connected to the second X-axis steel beam through a transmission assembly. During use, the interior of the movable frame can be equipped with a robotic arm or clamping mechanism for picking up bagged goods, so as to transfer the goods.

[0082] Other embodiments of the present invention include a combination of a flat guide rail and a rack for loading and unloading vehicles, see reference. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The flat guide rail rack transmission assembly 1 includes a first flat guide rail rack X-axis steel beam 11, a second flat guide rail rack X-axis steel beam 16, and a flat guide rail rack movable frame 18. A first flat guide rail rack 13 is fixedly installed on one side of the first flat guide rail rack X-axis steel beam 11, and a second flat guide rail rack 15 is fixedly installed on one side of the second flat guide rail rack X-axis steel beam 16. That is, the guide rail and rack in the first flat guide rail rack 13 and the second flat guide rail rack 15 are integral. Flat guide rail flat rollers 12 are internally connected to the movable frame 18. The flat guide rail flat rollers 12 are arranged in pairs and movably connected to either the first flat guide rail rack 13 or the second flat guide rail rack 15. A first flat guide rail rack 15 is connected to one side of the movable frame 18. The guide rail rack meshing gear 14, and the other side of the flat guide rail rack movable frame 18 is connected to the second flat guide rail rack meshing gear 17. The first flat guide rail rack meshing gear 14 meshes with the first flat guide rail rack 13, and the second flat guide rail rack meshing gear 17 meshes with the second flat guide rail rack 15. Since the flat guide rail and rack in the first flat guide rail rack 13 and the second flat guide rail rack 15 are integrated in this embodiment, the use of parts can be reduced in the production process. In the assembly process, the flat guide rail rack can be directly installed on the steel beam, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of equipment installation. Moreover, the integrated parts can reduce the equipment matching error and improve the equipment operating accuracy, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0083] Other embodiments of the present invention include a combination of a flat guide rail and a rack for loading and unloading vehicles, see reference. Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10The flat guide rail and rack transmission assembly 2 includes a first X-axis steel beam 21, a second X-axis steel beam 27, and a movable frame 20. A first flat guide rail 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the first X-axis steel beam 21, and a first rack 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the first flat guide rail 23, wherein the width of the first flat guide rail 23 is smaller than that of the first rack 25. A second flat guide rail 26 is fixedly connected to one side of the second X-axis steel beam 27, and a second rack 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the second flat guide rail 26, wherein the width of the second flat guide rail 26 is smaller than that of the second rack 28. Both ends of the movable frame 20 are rotatably connected to flat rollers 22. One set of flat rollers 22 is movably connected to the first flat guide rail 23, and the other set of flat rollers 22 is movably connected to the second flat guide rail 26. A first gear 24 is connected to one side of the movable frame 20, and a second gear 29 is connected to the other side of the movable frame 20. The first gear 24 meshes with a first rack 25, and the second gear 29 meshes with a second rack 28. The width of the first rack 25 is greater than that of the first flat guide rail 23, and the width of the second rack 28 is greater than that of the second flat guide rail 26. Since the width of the first flat guide rail 23 is smaller than that of the first rack 25, and the width of the second flat guide rail 26 is smaller than that of the second rack 28, the installation and combination of the thin flat guide rail and the widened rack makes it easier to install the flat guide rail and the rack. This solves the problem of needing to process steps when the flat guide rail and the rack are integrated in the previous embodiment, and the process is divided into two parts, reducing the processing difficulty.

[0084] Other embodiments of the present invention include a rectangular guide rail assembly for loading and unloading vehicles, see reference. Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18The rectangular guide rail and rack transmission assembly 3 includes a first cuboid X-axis steel beam 31, a second cuboid X-axis steel beam 310, and a cuboid movable frame 30. A first rectangular guide rail 33 is fixedly installed on one side of the first cuboid X-axis steel beam 31, and a first cuboid rack 34 is fixedly installed on the other side. A second rectangular guide rail 36 is fixedly installed on one side of the second cuboid X-axis steel beam 310, and a second cuboid rack 35 is fixedly installed on the other side. A first cuboid flat roller 32 is rotatably connected to one side of the cuboid movable frame 30, and the first cuboid flat roller 32 is movably connected to the first rectangular guide rail 33. The other side of the cuboid movable frame 30... A second cuboid flat roller 37 is connected to one side of the cuboid movable frame 30, and the second cuboid flat roller 37 is movably connected to the second rectangular guide rail 36. A first cuboid gear 38 is connected to one side of the cuboid movable frame 30, and the first cuboid gear 38 meshes with the first cuboid rack 34. A second cuboid gear 39 is connected to the other side of the cuboid movable frame 30, and the second cuboid gear 39 meshes with the second cuboid rack 35. In the rectangular guide rail assembly, compared with the linear guide rail slider transmission, the roller transmission used in this embodiment can have better high speed and high acceleration characteristics, so that the maximum acceleration and maximum speed that this embodiment can reach during use are higher, and it is more suitable for working environments with high efficiency requirements.

[0085] Other embodiments of the present invention include a combination of V-shaped guide rails and racks for loading and unloading vehicles, see reference. Figure 19 , Figure 20 , Figure 21 , Figure 22 and Figure 23 The V-shaped rack and pinion transmission assembly 4 includes a first X-axis V-shaped guide rail rack steel beam 41, a second X-axis flat guide rail rack steel beam 47, and a V-shaped guide rail movable frame 40. A first V-shaped guide rail rack 43 is fixedly connected to one side of the first X-axis V-shaped guide rail rack steel beam 41, and a second flat guide rail rack 46 is fixedly connected to one side of the second X-axis flat guide rail rack steel beam 47. V-shaped rollers 42 and flat rollers 44 are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame 40. One set of V-shaped rollers 42 is movably connected to the V-shaped guide rail rack 43, and the other set of flat rollers 44 is movably connected to the second flat guide rail rack 46. A first gear 45 is rotatably connected to one side of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame 40, and a second gear 48 is rotatably connected to the other side of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame 40. The first gear 45 meshes with the first V-shaped guide rail rack 43, and the second gear 48 meshes with the second flat guide rail rack 46. Since the two X-axis steel beams 41 and 47 cannot be perfectly parallel over a large range, when the V-shaped roller 42 and the flat roller 44 move in the X direction, the movement trajectory of the flat roller 44 on the flat guide rack 46 in the Y direction, in addition to the linear movement in the X direction, also includes the left and right movement in the Y direction; that is, the degree of freedom in the Y direction is unrestricted, and millimeter-level degrees of freedom can be generated in the Y direction, which is beneficial for installation and debugging and improves operational redundancy.

[0086] Other embodiments of the present invention: Each flat roller is sealed and embedded inside its corresponding steel beam and movable frame. That is, the flat roller is essentially a self-sealing heterogeneous rolling bearing. It has good sealing performance, which makes it difficult for dust and impurities to enter during the rolling process. Therefore, it can prevent the influence of dust and impurities during the transfer of bagged goods and has good reliability.

[0087] Other embodiments of the present invention: Each transmission group is provided with three flat rollers, and the three flat rollers in the group are tangent to the outer side wall of the guide rail, which can play a guiding role.

[0088] Other embodiments of the present invention: The contact points between the rack and the gear are all subjected to heat treatment. That is, as the rack and gear are in the most dense contact, the contact parts are reinforced, which can significantly improve the durability of the equipment and extend its service life.

[0089] Other embodiments of the present invention: Each of the above requires the two X-axis guide rails to be parallel, but in actual installation, strict parallelism cannot be achieved. The four transmission structures described can achieve millimeter-level adjustment according to the needs of the installation site. Compared with the existing structure of dual X-axis mounted linear guide rail slider in the market, which can only achieve micrometer-level adjustment, the adjustment range is greatly increased, which facilitates debugging and installation and improves operational redundancy.

[0090] The working principle of this invention is as follows: There are four solutions in this application, including a flat guide rail rack mechanism, a flat guide rail and rack mechanism, and a rectangular guide rail and rack mechanism. Since the transmission group includes a flat guide rail rack transmission group 1, a flat guide rail and rack transmission group 2, and a rectangular guide rail and rack transmission group 3, the matching combinations of the transmission group and the transmission mechanism are: the flat guide rail rack mechanism and the flat guide rail rack transmission group 1 are matched, the flat guide rail and rack mechanism and the flat guide rail and rack transmission group 2 are matched, the rectangular guide rail and rack mechanism and the rectangular guide rail and rack transmission group 3 are matched, and the V-shaped guide rail rack mechanism and the flat guide rail rack group are matched. All four combinations serve the loading and unloading operation of bagged goods. That is, the truss can transfer goods stored in bagged goods at conveyor belts, warehouses, and other locations to loading and unloading vehicles in actual production applications, or in the reverse direction, transfer bagged goods inside the loading and unloading vehicle to the location. Furthermore, the above four combinations have a common structure, namely, a steel beam including a first X-axis steel beam, a second X-axis steel beam, and a movable frame. One side of the movable frame is movably connected to the first X-axis steel beam through a transmission assembly, and the other side of the movable frame is movably connected to the second X-axis steel beam through a transmission assembly. During use, the interior of the movable frame can be equipped with a robotic arm or clamping mechanism for picking up bagged goods, so as to transfer the goods.

[0091] In the first flat guide rack 13 and the second flat guide rack 15, the flat guide rail and the rack are integrated. Therefore, this combination can reduce the use of parts in the production process. In the assembly process, the flat guide rack can be directly installed on the steel beam, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of equipment installation. Moreover, the integrated parts can reduce the equipment matching error and improve the equipment operating accuracy, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0092] Since the width of the first flat guide rail 23 is smaller than that of the first rack 25 and the width of the second flat guide rail 26 is smaller than that of the second rack 28, the installation and combination of the thin flat guide rail and the widened rack makes it easier to install the flat guide rail and the rack. This solves the problem of processing the flat guide rail and the rack separately, and the need to process steps when processing the guide rail and rack as an integrated unit, thus reducing the processing difficulty.

[0093] Furthermore, compared to linear guide rail slider transmission, rectangular guide rail assembly using roller transmission can have better high-speed and high-acceleration characteristics, allowing the rectangular guide rail assembly to achieve higher maximum acceleration and maximum speed during operation, making it more suitable for high-efficiency working environments.

[0094] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated material loading and unloading system for an open-top truck, characterized in that, include: The transport component includes a truss, a transmission assembly, and a transmission mechanism. The truss includes two sets of intersecting steel beams, one set of which is movably connected to the other set of steel beams. The transmission mechanism is correspondingly arranged with the transmission assembly. The open-top truck is a loading and unloading vehicle used in conjunction with the transport component for transporting bagged objects. as well as Conveyor belt, which is used in conjunction with transport components for transporting bagged objects; wherein: A robotic arm is movably connected to one side of the steel beam, and the robotic arm is used to transport and transfer bagged goods between the loading and unloading vehicle and the conveyor belt; wherein: The transmission mechanism includes four sets, including a flat guide rail rack mechanism, a flat guide rail and rack mechanism, a rectangular guide rail and rack mechanism, and a V-shaped guide rail rack mechanism; The transmission group includes a flat guide rail rack transmission group (1), a flat guide rail and rack transmission group (2), a rectangular guide rail and rack transmission group (3), and a V-type rack transmission group (4). The flat guide rack transmission assembly (1) includes a first flat guide rack X-axis steel beam (11), a second flat guide rack X-axis steel beam (16), and a flat guide rack movable frame (18). A first flat guide rack (13) is fixedly installed on one side of the first flat guide rack X-axis steel beam (11), and a second flat guide rack (15) is fixedly installed on one side of the second flat guide rack X-axis steel beam (16). A flat guide flat roller (12) is internally connected to the flat guide rack movable frame (18). The racks are arranged in pairs and movably connected to the first flat guide rack (13) or the second flat guide rack (15) respectively. The first flat guide rack meshing gear (14) is rotated on one side of the flat guide rack movable frame (18), and the second flat guide rack meshing gear (17) is rotated on the other side of the flat guide rack movable frame (18). The first flat guide rack meshing gear (14) meshes with the first flat guide rack (13), and the second flat guide rack meshing gear (17) meshes with the second flat guide rack (15). The flat guide rail and rack transmission assembly (2) includes a first X-axis steel beam (21), a second X-axis steel beam (27), and a movable frame (20). A first flat guide rail (23) is fixedly connected to one side of the first X-axis steel beam (21), and a first rack (25) is fixedly connected to one side of the first flat guide rail (23). A second flat guide rail (26) is fixedly connected to one side of the second X-axis steel beam (27), and a second rack (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the second flat guide rail (26). The two ends of the movable frame (20) are... Each of the movable frame (20) is connected to a flat roller (22). One set of the flat rollers (22) is movably connected to the first flat guide rail (23), and the other set of the flat rollers (22) is movably connected to the second flat guide rail (26). One side of the movable frame (20) is connected to a first gear (24), and the other side of the movable frame (20) is connected to a second gear (29). The first gear (24) meshes with the first rack (25), and the second gear (29) meshes with the second rack (28). The rectangular guide rail and rack transmission assembly (3) includes a first cuboid X-axis steel beam (31), a second cuboid X-axis steel beam (310), and a cuboid movable frame (30). A first rectangular guide rail (33) is fixedly installed on one side of the first cuboid X-axis steel beam (31), and a first cuboid rack (34) is fixedly installed on the other side. A second rectangular guide rail (36) is fixedly installed on one side of the second cuboid X-axis steel beam (310), and a second cuboid rack (35) is fixedly installed on the other side. A first rectangular guide rail (36) is connected to one side of the cuboid movable frame (30). A cuboid flat roller (32) is movably connected to a first rectangular guide rail (33). A second cuboid flat roller (37) is movably connected to the other side of the cuboid movable frame (30). The second cuboid flat roller (37) is movably connected to a second rectangular guide rail (36). A first cuboid gear (38) is movably connected to one side of the cuboid movable frame (30). The first cuboid gear (38) meshes with a first cuboid rack (34). A second cuboid gear (39) is movably connected to the other side of the cuboid movable frame (30). The second cuboid gear (39) meshes with a second cuboid rack (35). The V-shaped rack and pinion drive assembly (4) includes a first X-axis V-shaped guide rail rack steel beam (41), a second X-axis flat guide rail rack steel beam (47), and a V-shaped guide rail movable frame (40). A first V-shaped guide rail rack (43) is fixedly connected to one side of the first X-axis V-shaped guide rail rack steel beam (41), and a second flat guide rail rack (46) is fixedly connected to one side of the second X-axis flat guide rail rack steel beam (47). V-shaped rollers (42) and flat rollers (44) are respectively connected to both ends of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame (40). The V-shaped rollers (42) of one group are movably connected to the V-shaped guide rail rack (43), and the flat rollers (44) of another group are movably connected to the second flat guide rail rack (46). A first gear (45) is rotated on one side of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame (40), and a second gear (48) is rotated on the other side of the V-shaped guide rail movable frame (40). The first gear (45) meshes with the first V-shaped guide rail rack (43), and the second gear (48) meshes with the second flat guide rail rack (46).

2. The automatic material loading and unloading system for an open-top truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel beam includes a first X-axis steel beam, a second X-axis steel beam, and a movable frame. One side of the movable frame is movably connected to the first X-axis steel beam via a transmission assembly, and the other side of the movable frame is movably connected to the second X-axis steel beam via a transmission assembly.

3. The automatic material loading and unloading system for an open-top truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each flat roller is sealed and embedded inside its corresponding steel beam and movable frame. Each transmission group is equipped with three flat rollers, and the three flat rollers in the group are tangent to the outer wall of the guide rail.

4. The automatic material loading and unloading system for an open-top truck according to claim 3, characterized in that, The width of the first rack (25) is greater than that of the first flat guide rail (23), and the width of the second rack (28) is greater than that of the second flat guide rail (26).

5. An automatic material loading and unloading method for an open-top truck, applied to the automatic material loading and unloading system for the open-top truck as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading and unloading method includes the following steps: Step S1: Select the transmission assembly and transmission mechanism; Step S2: Use the transmission assembly and transmission mechanism to operate the robotic arm to transport bagged goods between the loading and unloading vehicle and the conveyor belt; Step S3: Repeat the transportation operation until the bagged goods are transferred.

6. The automatic loading and unloading method for open-top trucks according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S1 includes Step S11: Transmission is carried out through the flat guide rail rack and pinion drive assembly (1) for transmission under high operating accuracy conditions; Step S12: Transmission is carried out via the flat guide rail and rack and pinion drive assembly (2) for use under normal operating conditions; Step S13: Transmission is carried out via a rectangular guide rail and a rack and pinion drive assembly for high-efficiency operation.

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